CN107042628A - A kind of FDM type 3D printing platforms of ultrasonic wave added vibration - Google Patents
A kind of FDM type 3D printing platforms of ultrasonic wave added vibration Download PDFInfo
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- CN107042628A CN107042628A CN201710282217.XA CN201710282217A CN107042628A CN 107042628 A CN107042628 A CN 107042628A CN 201710282217 A CN201710282217 A CN 201710282217A CN 107042628 A CN107042628 A CN 107042628A
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- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001504664 Crossocheilus latius Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002114 biscuit porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000110 selective laser sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000026683 transduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010361 transduction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
- B06B1/0644—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
Abstract
This application discloses a kind of FDM type 3D printing platforms of ultrasonic wave added vibration, including setting hott bed on the supporting plate, the bottom of the supporting plate is fixed with ultrasonic transducer, for making the hott bed produce ultrasonic vibration in 3D printing, the ultrasonic transducer is fixed in fixed plate using the flange on ultrasonic transformer.The FDM type 3D printing platforms for the above-mentioned ultrasonic wave added vibration that the application is provided, can not only increase the corrugated microstructure of printed product, make mechanical property stronger, and make to combine finer and close, reduction printed product surface roughness between printable layer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to 3D printing technique field, more particularly to a kind of FDM type 3D printing platforms of ultrasonic wave added vibration.
Background technology
FDM type 3D printers are a kind of common 3D printer types, and FDM therein refers to " Fused Deposition
Modeling ", as fused glass pellet.FDM types 3D printer printing material be usually thermoplastic, such as wax, ABS,
Nylon etc..It is with thread feed, and material is heated in shower nozzle and is fused into liquid, and shower nozzle is along part section profile and fills track
Motion, while the material of fusing is extruded.Then, material quick solidification, and form a layer cross section with the condensation of materials of surrounding.One
After formable layer, machine operation platform declines a height (i.e. lift height), the next layer of reshaping, is made until forming whole entity
Type.Except FDM type 3D printers, also having SLS types now, (Selective Laser Sintering, dusty material selectively swashs
Light is sintered) and SLA types (Stereo Lithography Apparatus, photosensitive resin selectively solidifies) 3D printer.Wherein,
One layer of dusty material is laid in the upper surface of molded part by SLS types 3D printer, and is heated to being just below powder burning
The a certain temperature of node, control system control laser beam is scanned according to the cross section profile of this layer on bisque, makes the temperature of powder
Melting point is raised to, is sintered and realizes bonding with following molded part.After the completion of one layer, workbench declines a thickness
Degree, stone roller repaves the uniform densified powder of last layer above, carries out the sintering of a new layer cross section, until completing whole model.
And SLA type 3D printers place full liquid photosensitive resin in liquid bath, its UV laser beam irradiation launched in laser
Under, can rapid curing (SLA is different from the laser used in SLS, and SLA's is Ultra-Violet Laser, and SLS's is infrared laser).
When being molded beginning, lifting workbench is in below liquid level, the height of what a firm section thickness.After lens focus
Cross section profile, is scanned by laser beam according to machine instruction along liquid level, the resin rapid curing of scanning area, so as to complete one
The process of layer cross section, obtains one layer of plastic tab, and then workbench declines the height of a layer cross section thickness, and resolidification is another
Layer cross section, the composition that is so layering implement three-dimensional entity.
FDM type 3D printers are carried out, printhead extrudes material and be bonded at down in print procedure by layer-stepping
After above layer material, material cools and is solidificated on subsurface material rapidly in the presence of fan.But, upper layer of material and lower floor
Contacted between material by face, the intermolecular force connection of material is only relied between materials at two layers, printed product is in the horizontal direction
Mechanical strength it is weaker, when in outer surface applying power in the horizontal direction, due to only rely on intermolecular force connection, printed product
Easily occur the situation of flood separation along the horizontal plane, in addition, there is obvious striped on the surface of molding part, it is rougher, be not suitable for
The application of the fine finding of high accuracy.
Printer of the prior art typically uses tack extruder head, in the plastic extrusion of melting, before extruder head
The facet in portion in time flattens not solidified plastics, and new departure is there has also been now, and what is utilized is tip extruder head, makes extruder head
Effect is not flattened to the plastics of extrusion, slight corrugated vertically occurs after quick solidification in material.Also exactly by
Exist in these undulatory microstructures, enhance the mechanical property of printed product, however, printing to mechanical property requirements more
During high product, the corrugated microstructure of tip shower nozzle is not met by requiring.
The content of the invention
To solve the above problems, the invention provides a kind of FDM type 3D printing platforms of ultrasonic wave added vibration, can not only
Increase the corrugated microstructure of printed product, make mechanical property stronger, and make to combine between printable layer finer and close, reduction is beaten
Printing product surface roughness.
A kind of FDM type 3D printing platforms for ultrasonic wave added vibration that the present invention is provided, including heat on the supporting plate is set
Bed, the bottom of the supporting plate is fixed with ultrasonic transducer, described for making the hott bed produce ultrasonic vibration in 3D printing
Ultrasonic transducer is fixed in fixed plate using the flange on ultrasonic transformer.
It is preferred that, in the FDM type 3D printing platforms that above-mentioned ultrasonic wave added vibrates, the quantity of the ultrasonic transducer is one
It is individual, three or four.
It is preferred that, in the FDM type 3D printing platforms that above-mentioned ultrasonic wave added vibrates, the quantity of the ultrasonic transducer is one
It is individual, and it is arranged at the position of centre of gravity of the fixed plate.
It is preferred that, in the FDM type 3D printing platforms that above-mentioned ultrasonic wave added vibrates, the quantity of the ultrasonic transducer is three
It is individual, and be circumferentially distributed using the center of gravity of the fixed plate as round dot.
It is preferred that, in the FDM type 3D printing platforms that above-mentioned ultrasonic wave added vibrates, the quantity of the ultrasonic transducer is four
Individual, and the rectangular distribution in the fixed plate, the center of gravity of the rectangle is overlapped with the center of gravity of the fixed plate.
It is preferred that, in the FDM type 3D printing platforms that above-mentioned ultrasonic wave added vibrates, the vibration frequency of the ultrasonic transducer
Scope is 20kHz to 35kHz.
It is preferred that, in the FDM type 3D printing platforms that above-mentioned ultrasonic wave added vibrates, the amplitude range of the ultrasonic transducer
For 2 microns to 10 microns.
It is preferred that, in the FDM type 3D printing platforms that above-mentioned ultrasonic wave added vibrates, the ultrasonic transducer is super for longitudinal vibration formula
Sonic transducer or flexural vibrations type ultrasonic transducer.
Pass through foregoing description, the FDM type 3D printing platforms for the above-mentioned ultrasonic wave added vibration that the present invention is provided, by institute
The bottom for stating supporting plate is fixed with ultrasonic transducer, for making the hott bed produce ultrasonic vibration, the ultrasound in 3D printing
Transducer is fixed in fixed plate using the flange on ultrasonic transformer, therefore, can not only increase the microcosmic knot of corrugated of printed product
Structure, makes mechanical property stronger, and makes to combine finer and close, reduction printed product surface roughness between printable layer.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is the accompanying drawing used required in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
The embodiment of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also basis
The accompanying drawing of offer obtains other accompanying drawings.
The schematic diagram of the FDM type 3D printing platforms for the first ultrasonic wave added vibration that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present application；
The third FDM type that there is the ultrasonic wave added of a ultrasonic transducer to vibrate that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present application
3D printing platform schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 has the FDM types of the ultrasonic wave added vibration of three ultrasonic transducers for the 4th kind that the embodiment of the present application is provided
3D printing platform schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 has the FDM types of the ultrasonic wave added vibration of four ultrasonic transducers for the 5th kind that the embodiment of the present application is provided
3D printing platform schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of longitudinal vibration formula composite transducer.
Embodiment
The core concept of the present invention is to provide a kind of FDM type 3D printing platforms of ultrasonic wave added vibration, can not only increased
Plus the corrugated microstructure of printed product, make mechanical property stronger, and make to combine finer and close, reduction printing between printable layer
Product surface roughness.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
The FDM type 3D printing platforms for the first ultrasonic wave added vibration that the embodiment of the present application is provided are as shown in figure 1, Fig. 1 is
The schematic diagram of the FDM type 3D printing platforms for the first ultrasonic wave added vibration that the embodiment of the present application is provided, the platform includes setting
Hott bed 1 in supporting plate 2, the bottom of the supporting plate 2 is fixed with ultrasonic transducer 3, for making the heat in 3D printing
Bed 1 produces ultrasonic vibration, and the ultrasonic transducer 3 is fixed in fixed plate 4 using the flange on ultrasonic transformer.In such case
Under, the amplitude of the flange section of ultrasonic transducer is 0, flange is fixed in fixed plate 4, supporting plate 2 is fixed on ultrasonic transduction
On the end of device 3, the flange section of ultrasonic transducer 3 and fixed plate 4, ultrasonic transducer 3 and fixed plate 2 and fixed plate 2 and heat
It can be, but not limited to be connected by screw between bed 1, fixed plate 4 is connected with ball screw and linear bearing, is moved up in Z axis
It is dynamic.
It should be noted that the electrical power of input can be converted into mechanical output (i.e. ultrasonic wave) again by ultrasonic transducer
Pass, and the seldom a part of power of autophage.Depending on the distribution form of ultrasonic transducer can be according to base plate configuration,
The Z axis of 3D printer adds ultrasonic transducer below hott bed, made by controlling two ball screw rotating band moving platforms to move
In printing a certain degree of ultrasonic vibration occurs for platform, the material printed is produced some corrugated microstructures, makes
Printout mechanical property is more preferable.In addition, in 3D printing, being printed by the form of stacked in multi-layers, in the printing first floor
When or it is preceding several layers of when, due to need bonded with bottom plate, in order to be able to bottom plate progress flat adhesive, should not now produce and shake
It is dynamic, it is seen that ultrasonic transducer vibrates in print procedure for noncontinuity.
By foregoing description, the FDM types 3D printing for the first ultrasonic wave added vibration that the embodiment of the present application is provided is put down
Platform, because the bottom of the supporting plate is fixed with ultrasonic transducer, for making the hott bed produce ultrasonic vibration in 3D printing,
The ultrasonic transducer is fixed in fixed plate using the flange on ultrasonic transformer, therefore, not only causes what is melted in print procedure
Occur more slight undulatory microstructures between material and upper strata solidification material, make mechanical property stronger, and make to beat
Finer and close, reduction printed product surface roughness is combined between print layer.
The embodiment of the present application provide second of ultrasonic wave added vibration FDM type 3D printing platforms, it is above-mentioned the first surpass
On the basis of the FDM type 3D printing platforms of sound ancillary vibration, in addition to following technical characteristic：
The quantity of the ultrasonic transducer is one, three or four.
It should be noted that the stability in order to ensure vibration, no matter the quantity of ultrasonic transducer is how many, will be ensured
All ultrasonic transducers are centrally located at the position of centre of gravity of fixed plate.
The FDM type 3D printing platforms for the third ultrasonic wave added vibration that the embodiment of the present application is provided, second surpass above-mentioned
On the basis of the FDM type 3D printing platforms of sound ancillary vibration, in addition to following technical characteristic：
With reference to Fig. 2, the third ultrasonic wave added vibration with a ultrasonic transducer that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present application
FDM type 3D printing platform schematic diagrames, the quantity of the ultrasonic transducer 3 is one, and is arranged at the center of gravity of the fixed plate 4
Position.
The FDM type 3D printing platforms for the 4th kind of ultrasonic wave added vibration that the embodiment of the present application is provided, second surpass above-mentioned
On the basis of the FDM type 3D printing platforms of sound ancillary vibration, in addition to following technical characteristic：
With reference to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 vibrates for the 4th kind that the embodiment of the present application the is provided ultrasonic wave added with three ultrasonic transducers
FDM type 3D printing platform schematic diagrames, the quantity of the ultrasonic transducer 3 is three, and using the center of gravity of the fixed plate 4 to justify
Point is circumferentially distributed.
The FDM type 3D printing platforms for the 5th kind of ultrasonic wave added vibration that the embodiment of the present application is provided, second surpass above-mentioned
On the basis of the FDM type 3D printing platforms of sound ancillary vibration, in addition to following technical characteristic：
With reference to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 vibrates for the 5th kind that the embodiment of the present application the is provided ultrasonic wave added with four ultrasonic transducers
FDM type 3D printing platform schematic diagrames, the quantity of the ultrasonic transducer 3 is four, and rectangular point in the fixed plate 4
Cloth, the center of gravity of the rectangle is overlapped with the center of gravity of the fixed plate, hott bed is produced stable longitudinal vibration.
The embodiment of the present application provide the 6th kind of ultrasonic wave added vibration FDM type 3D printing platforms, it is above-mentioned the first extremely
In the FDM type 3D printing platforms of 5th kind of ultrasonic wave added vibration it is any on the basis of, in addition to following technical characteristic：
The vibration frequency range of the ultrasonic transducer is 20kHz to 35kHz, can be produced to the greatest extent using this dither
Surface wave striated structure more than possible, strengthens printout mechanical property.
The FDM type 3D printing platforms for the 7th kind of ultrasonic wave added vibration that the embodiment of the present application is provided are super at above-mentioned 6th kind
On the basis of the FDM type 3D printing platforms of sound ancillary vibration, in addition to following technical characteristic：
The amplitude range of the ultrasonic transducer is 2 microns to 10 microns, and amplitude fluctuation scope is that 30% this ultrasound is changed
The cost of manufacture of energy device is relatively low.
The embodiment of the present application provide the 8th kind of ultrasonic wave added vibration FDM type 3D printing platforms, it is above-mentioned the first extremely
In the FDM type 3D printing platforms of 5th kind of ultrasonic wave added vibration it is any on the basis of, in addition to following technical characteristic：
The ultrasonic transducer is longitudinal vibration formula ultrasonic transducer or flexural vibrations type ultrasonic transducer.
By taking longitudinal vibration formula composite transducer as an example, as shown in figure 5, Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of longitudinal vibration formula composite transducer, by luffing
Bar 301, rear metal cover board 304, piezoelectric ceramic stack 302, prestressing force screw rod 305, electrode slice 303 and insulation tube (do not marked on figure,
It is placed on outside prestressing force screw rod, and is contacted with piezoelectric ceramic stack inner peripheral surface) composition.Piezoelectric ceramic stack is by some piezoelectric ceramics ring plates
Generally separated and conduct with the copper sheet of elasticity and well conducting between composition, piezoelectric ceramics ring plate and between piezoelectric patches and metal cover board
Electrode.The polarised direction of adjacent two panels is on the contrary, electric end is connected in parallel so that extensional vibration in-phase stacking.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments, enables professional and technical personnel in the field to realize or using the present invention.
A variety of modifications to these embodiments will be apparent for those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, it is of the invention
The embodiments shown herein is not intended to be limited to, and is to fit to and principles disclosed herein and features of novelty phase one
The most wide scope caused.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of FDM type 3D printing platforms of ultrasonic wave added vibration, including hott bed on the supporting plate is set, it is characterised in that
The bottom of the supporting plate is fixed with ultrasonic transducer, described super for making the hott bed produce ultrasonic vibration in 3D printing
Sonic transducer is fixed in fixed plate using the flange on ultrasonic transformer.
2. the FDM type 3D printing platforms of ultrasonic wave added vibration according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the ultrasound is changed
The quantity of energy device is one, three or four.
3. the FDM type 3D printing platforms of ultrasonic wave added vibration according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the ultrasound is changed
The quantity of energy device is one, and is arranged at the position of centre of gravity of the fixed plate.
4. the FDM type 3D printing platforms of ultrasonic wave added vibration according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the ultrasound is changed
The quantity of energy device is three, and is circumferentially distributed using the center of gravity of the fixed plate as round dot.
5. the FDM type 3D printing platforms of ultrasonic wave added vibration according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the ultrasound is changed
The quantity of energy device is four, and the rectangular distribution in the fixed plate, the center of gravity of the center of gravity of the rectangle and the fixed plate
Overlap.
6. the FDM type 3D printing platforms of the ultrasonic wave added vibration according to claim any one of 1-5, it is characterised in that institute
The vibration frequency range for stating ultrasonic transducer is 20kHz to 35kHz.
7. the FDM type 3D printing platforms of ultrasonic wave added vibration according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the ultrasound is changed
The amplitude range of energy device is 2 microns to 10 microns.
8. the FDM type 3D printing platforms of the ultrasonic wave added vibration according to claim any one of 1-5, it is characterised in that institute
Ultrasonic transducer is stated for longitudinal vibration formula ultrasonic transducer or flexural vibrations type ultrasonic transducer.
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| CN108176857A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-06-19 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of metal 3D printing composite manufacturing method and its device |
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| US10744598B2 (en) | 2015-06-11 | 2020-08-18 | Renishaw Plc | Additive manufacturing apparatus and method |
| CN107552798A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-01-09 | 孙振淋 | A kind of method for improving 3D printing or electric arc increasing material formation of parts intensity |
| CN107756786A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-03-06 | 湘潭大学 | The device and method of ultrasound control fiber architecture in a kind of precinct laser sintering |
| CN107756786B (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2019-09-20 | 湘潭大学 | The device and method of ultrasound control fiber architecture in a kind of precinct laser sintering |
| CN108176857A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-06-19 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of metal 3D printing composite manufacturing method and its device |
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| US11867663B2 (en) | 2018-07-02 | 2024-01-09 | Renishaw Plc | Acoustic emission sensing in powder bed additive manufacturing |
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| CN108906560A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-11-30 | 广州联声电子科技有限公司 | A method of making piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer |
| CN108906560B (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2020-09-29 | 广州联声电子科技有限公司 | Method for manufacturing piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer |
| CN109317663A (en) * | 2018-11-05 | 2019-02-12 | 四川恒创博联科技有限责任公司 | A kind of supersonic oscillations powder bed system |
| CN110481003A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-11-22 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of ultrasonic vibration auxiliary 3D printing method |
| CN114474710A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-05-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | 3D printing device and method |
| CN114851547A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-08-05 | 南京航空航天大学 | 3D printing device and method |
| CN115431376A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-12-06 | 华中科技大学 | High-strength large-scale complex ceramic biscuit and three-dimensional spray printing forming method and equipment thereof |
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