CN106990391B - Low Altitude Target Detection wideband radar system and array optimization method based on pitching MIMO - Google Patents
Low Altitude Target Detection wideband radar system and array optimization method based on pitching MIMO Download PDFInfo
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- CN106990391B CN106990391B CN201710299712.1A CN201710299712A CN106990391B CN 106990391 B CN106990391 B CN 106990391B CN 201710299712 A CN201710299712 A CN 201710299712A CN 106990391 B CN106990391 B CN 106990391B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/36—Means for anti-jamming, e.g. ECCM, i.e. electronic counter-counter measures
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Abstract
The invention discloses the wideband radar systems and its array optimization method based on pitching to MIMO system, in conjunction with frequency plot composite coding synthesized wideband signal processing technique and sparse MIMO array signal processing technology, the efficient and detected with high accuracy to low target may be implemented.The system includes antenna subsystem, transmitting-receiving subassembly subsystem, radio-frequency channel subsystem, waveform generation subsystem, frequency synthesizer subsystem, signal processing subsystem and display and control terminal subsystem；Waveform generates subsystem and produces six channel intermediate-freuqncy signals by digital-to-analogue conversion DAC broadcasting board, which uses frequency plot compound coded signal；Six channel intermediate-freuqncy signals enter frequency synthesizer subsystem, launching beam is formed through radio-frequency channel subsystem and transmitting-receiving subassembly subsystem, antenna subsystem, the echo-signal of transmitting-receiving subassembly subsystem reception target, echo-signal obtains one-dimensional range profile and primary point mark through radio-frequency channel subsystem, frequency synthesizer subsystem, signal processing subsystem.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to radar system technical fields, and in particular to the Low Altitude Target Detection wideband radar based on pitching MIMO
System and its array optimization method.
Background technique
Wideband radar can provide target information abundant, Target detection and identification ability with higher, and anti-clutter resists and does
It is strong to disturb ability.Phased-array radar can carry out swift electron scanning, while can use Adaptive beamformer technology and forming zero
Point carries out AF panel, and performance is much better than conventional radar, but has paid the costs such as at high cost, power consumption is big, technical requirements are high.
It is anti-by a large amount of ground object radar since obstruction near the ground is more when using radar detection low target
Blackberry lily is disturbed and is stopped, therefore in the low-altitude detection field of radar, detection efficient and precision are restricted.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides Low Altitude Target Detection wideband radar system and its array based on pitching MIMO are excellent
Change method, in conjunction with frequency plot composite coding synthesized wideband signal processing technique and sparse MIMO array signal processing technology,
The efficient and detected with high accuracy to low target may be implemented,.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
It is a kind of based on pitching to the Low Altitude Target Detection wideband radar system of MIMO system, including antenna subsystem, transmitting-receiving
Component subsystem, radio-frequency channel subsystem, waveform generate subsystem, frequency synthesizer subsystem, signal processing subsystem and aobvious control eventually
Hold subsystem.
Antenna subsystem uses pitching to the sparse Multiinputoutput MIMO array in six channels.
Waveform generates subsystem and produces six channel intermediate-freuqncy signals, the intermediate-freuqncy signal by digital-to-analogue conversion DAC broadcasting board
Form uses frequency plot compound coded signal to guarantee between each channel intermediate-freuqncy signal that is, by frequency coding and phase code
Orthogonality；Six channel intermediate-freuqncy signals enter frequency synthesizer subsystem.
Frequency synthesizer subsystem carries out up-conversion, the six compound volumes of road frequency plot to six road frequency plot composite coding orthogonal signalling
Frequency after code orthogonal signalling up-conversion meets the transmitting-receiving frequency of transmitting-receiving subassembly subsystem, and the signal after up-conversion is sent to radio frequency
Channel subsystem.
Signal after up-conversion is converted to radiofrequency signal and is sent to transmitting-receiving subassembly subsystem by radio-frequency channel subsystem.
Transmitting-receiving subassembly subsystem launches radiofrequency signal by antenna subsystem, forms launching beam, transmitting-receiving subassembly
Subsystem receives the echo-signal of target by antenna subsystem simultaneously, and echo-signal is sent to by radio-frequency channel subsystem
Frequency synthesizer subsystem.
Frequency synthesizer subsystem carries out down coversion to echo-signal, and the frequency after echo-signal down coversion meets signal processing point and is
The working frequency of system, the echo-signal after down coversion are sent to signal processing subsystem.
Signal processing subsystem carries out processing to echo-signal and obtains one-dimensional range profile and primary point mark；Signal processing divides
System receives the control instruction of line traffic control terminal, and one-dimensional range profile and primary point mark are sent to display and control terminal under the control of control instruction
It is shown.
Further, therein based on claim 1 pitching to the Low Altitude Target Detection wideband radar system of MIMO system
The position optimization of each array element in array is completed in six channel factor MIMO arrays using simulated annealing, optimization criterion is direction
Scheme no graing lobe and peak sidelobe meets system requirements.
Include the following steps:
Step 1, setting array co-ordinates boundary, give the initial value of beam position；
Step 2 utilizes simulated annealing under current beam direction, is optimization letter with array pattern peak sidelobe ratio
Number determines the array element coordinate of optimization.
To the array element coordinate of optimization, broad sense raised cosine is introduced, broad sense raised cosine letter is optimized using simulated annealing method
Several coefficient, so that the peak side-lobe for the orientation diagram being directed toward using the calculated current beam of broad sense raised cosine after optimization
Than meeting preset requirement, the broad sense raised cosine after determining optimization.
Step 3 judges that current beam is directed toward in the lower array element coordinate optimized, and whether array element coordinate spacing, which meets system, is wanted
It asks, is unsatisfactory for, give up the array co-ordinates position optimization as a result, resets beam position current value, return step 2, otherwise
Enter step 4.
Step 4 calculates the weight vector under all beam positions using the broad sense raised cosine after optimization, and is corresponded to
Directional diagram under the beam position calculates directional diagram peak sidelobe ratio, if under all beam positions by corresponding directional diagram peak value
Valve is then disposed using the array element coordinate of optimization as element position as a result, otherwise return step 2 than being all satisfied preset requirement.
Element position setting is carried out to six channel factor MIMO arrays with element position deployment result.
Further, the broad sense raised cosine in step 2 specifically:
Win (v)=(1-a)-acos [2 π (v-1)/(N-1)], 0≤a≤0.5
Wherein, win (*) indicates the windowed function of the corresponding directional diagram weight vector of array element v, and N indicates that element number of array, v indicate
Current array element serial number, a indicate window function Optimal Parameters.
Weight vector in step 4 are as follows:
W=[R-1α(θ0)]·win
Wherein θ0Indicate that beam position, R indicate the interference noise covariance matrix of array, α (θ0) indicate that current beam is directed toward
Under goal orientation vector, indicate dot product.
The utility model has the advantages that
1, the present invention provides the wideband radar systems based on pitching to MIMO system, are closed using frequency plot composite coding
High resolution range, clutter recognition are realized at broadband signal.Using pitching to sparse MIMO array technology formed Virtual array, drop
Low system cost.Antenna radiation pattern null is generated using the Adaptive beamformer technology based on MIMO, to land clutter and interference
Inhibited.Frequency plot compound coded signal, Adaptive beamformer technology used by this system, can be to the low elevation angle
The lower land clutter into radar receiver is effectively inhibited, and improves low target signal to noise ratio, therefore can be realized to low latitude
The efficient accurately detecting of target.
2, element position deployment is carried out using improved array optimization method for above-mentioned wideband radar system in the present invention,
On the basis of optimizing array element coordinate simultaneously the suitable broad sense raised cosine of optimizing coefficient, further decrease the peak of directional diagram
Value secondary lobe ratio is so that the directional diagram sidelobe level of different angle is in zone of reasonableness.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the Low Altitude Target Detection wideband radar system block diagram based on pitching to MIMO system.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment 1: as shown in Figure 1, the present invention is a kind of Low Altitude Target Detection broadband thunder based on pitching to MIMO system
It is primarily useful for Low Altitude Target Detection using pitching to the sparse Multiinputoutput MIMO array in six channels up to system, as airport is attached
Close bird feelings detection.This system by antenna subsystem, transmitting-receiving subassembly subsystem, radio-frequency channel subsystem, waveform generate subsystem,
Frequency synthesizer subsystem, AC/DC power subsystem, servo turntable subsystem and signal processing subsystem, display and control terminal subsystem etc.
Composition.Waveform generate subsystem by DAC board generate six road frequency plot composite coding orthogonal signalling, through frequency synthesizer subsystem,
Radio-frequency channel subsystem up-conversion generates six tunnel radiofrequency signals.T/R component in transmitting-receiving subassembly subsystem by radiofrequency signal send to
Antenna subsystem forms launching beam.Echo from target is received through antenna subsystem, transmitting-receiving subassembly subsystem, radio frequency letter
After road subsystem down coversion, intermediate-freuqncy signal is obtained.The main processing of signal processing subsystem include A/D conversion, Digital Down Convert,
The processing such as pulse is compressed, and digital beam froming, PD processing, MTI, MTD, two dimension CFAR, Monopulse estimation, primary point mark are formed,
And the one-dimensional range profile that processing obtains is given to display and control terminal with primary point mark.Signal processing subsystem passes through kilomega network and aobvious control
Terminal connection, can be convenient networking, report display and control terminal, and receive and come from display and control terminal radar working condition, primary point mark
Control command etc..Display and control terminal completes radar operation, data processing (secondary mark), tabular value calculating, mesh by network-control
Mark and the tasks such as information is shown, three D map backgrounds are shown, overlay area is shown.
The embodiment advanced optimized be radar system using frequency plot compound coded signal have good distance and
Doppler's resolution performance.The signal has relatively narrow instant bandwidth, can work under conditions of narrow-band transmitter, receiver,
It is easy to Project Realization.Range ambiguity, clutter Fold are not present in frequency plot compound coded signal echo, improves long distance
Detectivity from Small object.
Radar system uses MIMO radar thinned array technology.Difference transmitting array element emits orthogonal signalling, can receive
End matches separation by orthogonal signalling of the matched filtering to transmitting, forms virtual emission-reception wave beam.Using simulated annealing
The position optimization of each array element in array is completed, optimization criterion is that directional diagram does not have graing lobe and peak sidelobe meets system and wants
It asks, to realize desired directional diagram with array element as few as possible, reduces main lobe width broadening, while suppressed sidelobes, reduce
System cost.
Common simulation method for annealing, in the case where not considering channel weighting, by adjusting the position (both ends of intermediate array element
Array element is placed on both ends and guarantees array bore), keep the peak sidelobe ratio of array pattern minimum.Its Optimizing Flow is as follows:
1, array co-ordinates boundary is set, gives initial beam and is directed toward；
2, traditional analog annealing algorithm is utilized under the beam position, is optimization letter with array pattern peak sidelobe ratio
Number, completes array co-ordinates position optimization under the direction；
3, it considers actual antennas size, gives up if array element coordinate spacing is unsatisfactory for requiring, repeat 2；
4, it is physically realizable coordinate by 3 treated array element arrangements, changes one group of beam position at this time and sat with this
Mark calculates directional diagram peak sidelobe ratio, if more than pre-determined threshold, then repeatedly 2, and re-optimization array co-ordinates；Obtain one group it is suitable
Array element coordinate position.
In conjunction with the actual application background of Low Altitude Target Detection, when specific implementation, need to traverse optimizing most within the scope of certain angle
Good array arrangement, but theoretically there are many group optimal solutions in a certain beam position or suboptimal solution, these solutions are not necessarily applicable in
In other beam positions, this just needs to add step 4 and constantly screens optimal solution.In addition to this, a kind of new solution is proposed
Method, on the basis of optimizing array element coordinate simultaneously the suitable windowed function of optimizing, further decrease the peak side-lobe of directional diagram
Than so that the directional diagram sidelobe level of different angle is in zone of reasonableness.Specific practice is that step 2 is modified to examine
While worry majorized function is directional diagram peak sidelobe ratio, the broad sense raised cosine of changeable parameters, simulated annealing are introduced
Not only optimize array element coordinate, can also optimize the parameter of the window function.Step 3,4 are then repeated, a group pattern coordinate is finally obtained
With corresponding weighting function.
Optimizing Flow above-mentioned in this way can indicate are as follows:
Include the following steps:
Step 1, setting array co-ordinates boundary, give the initial value of beam position.
Step 2 utilizes simulated annealing under current beam direction, is optimization letter with array pattern peak sidelobe ratio
Number determines the array element coordinate of optimization.
To the array element coordinate of optimization, broad sense raised cosine is introduced, broad sense raised cosine letter is optimized using simulated annealing method
Several coefficient, so that the peak side-lobe for the orientation diagram being directed toward using the calculated current beam of broad sense raised cosine after optimization
Than meeting preset requirement, the broad sense raised cosine after determining optimization.
Step 3 judges that current beam is directed toward in the lower array element coordinate optimized, and whether array element coordinate spacing, which meets system, is wanted
It asks, is unsatisfactory for, give up the array co-ordinates position optimization as a result, resets beam position current value, return step 2, otherwise
Enter step 4.
Step 4 calculates the weight vector under all beam positions using the broad sense raised cosine after optimization, and is corresponded to
Directional diagram under the beam position calculates directional diagram peak sidelobe ratio, if under all beam positions by corresponding directional diagram peak value
Valve is then disposed using the array element coordinate of optimization as element position as a result, otherwise return step 2 than being all satisfied preset requirement.
Element position setting is carried out to six channel factor MIMO arrays with element position deployment result.
Broad sense raised cosine specifically:
Win (v)=(1-a)-acos [2 π (v-1)/(N-1)], 0≤a≤0.5
Wherein, win (*) indicates the windowed function of the corresponding directional diagram weight vector of array element v, and N indicates that element number of array, v indicate
Current array element serial number, a indicate window function Optimal Parameters；；
Weight vector are as follows:
W=[R-1α(θ0)]win
Wherein θ0Indicate that beam position, R indicate the interference noise covariance matrix of array, α (θ0) indicate that current beam is directed toward
Under goal orientation vector, indicate dot product.
The embodiment advanced optimized is that radar system uses the MIMO system Adaptive beamformer technology that is directed to, progress base
It falls into beamforming algorithm in the wide constant zero of linear restriction and beamforming algorithm is broadened based on the null for being tapered matrix disposal and set
Meter effectively inhibits land clutter under the conditions of the low elevation angle, improves low target detection performance.
To sum up, the above is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in protection of the invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (2)
1. the Low Altitude Target Detection wideband radar system based on pitching MIMO, which is characterized in that including antenna subsystem, transmitting-receiving group
Part subsystem, radio-frequency channel subsystem, waveform generate subsystem, frequency synthesizer subsystem, signal processing subsystem and display and control terminal
Subsystem；
The antenna subsystem uses pitching to the sparse Multiinputoutput MIMO array in six channels；
The waveform generates subsystem and produces six channel intermediate-freuqncy signals, the intermediate-freuqncy signal by digital-to-analogue conversion DAC broadcasting board
Form uses frequency plot compound coded signal to guarantee between each channel intermediate-freuqncy signal that is, by frequency coding and phase code
Orthogonality；Six channel intermediate-freuqncy signal enters frequency synthesizer subsystem；
The frequency synthesizer subsystem carries out up-conversion to six road frequency plot composite coding orthogonal signalling, and six road frequency plot is multiple
Frequency after compiling in collaboration with yard orthogonal signalling up-conversion meets the transmitting-receiving frequency of transmitting-receiving subassembly subsystem, and the signal after up-conversion is sent to
The radio-frequency channel subsystem；
Signal after up-conversion is converted to radiofrequency signal and is sent to the transmitting-receiving subassembly subsystem by the radio-frequency channel subsystem；
The transmitting-receiving subassembly subsystem launches the radiofrequency signal by the antenna subsystem, forms launching beam,
Transmitting-receiving subassembly subsystem receives the echo-signal of target by the antenna subsystem simultaneously, and echo-signal is believed by radio frequency
Road subsystem is sent to the frequency synthesizer subsystem；
The frequency synthesizer subsystem carries out down coversion to echo-signal, and the frequency after the echo-signal down coversion meets the signal
The working frequency of processing subsystem, the echo-signal after down coversion are sent to the signal processing subsystem；
The signal processing subsystem carries out processing to echo-signal and obtains one-dimensional range profile and primary point mark；The signal processing
Subsystem receives the control instruction of display and control terminal subsystem, by one-dimensional range profile and primary point mark hair under the control of control instruction
It is shown to display and control terminal subsystem；
Wherein, the position optimization of each array element in array, optimizing are completed in the sparse MIMO array in six channels using simulated annealing
Criterion is that directional diagram does not have graing lobe and peak sidelobe meets system requirements；
Include the following steps:
Step 1, setting array co-ordinates boundary, give the initial value of beam position；
Step 2 utilizes simulated annealing under current beam direction, using array pattern peak sidelobe ratio as majorized function,
Determine the array element coordinate of optimization；
To the array element coordinate of the optimization, broad sense raised cosine is introduced, broad sense raised cosine letter is optimized using simulated annealing method
Several coefficient, so that the peak side-lobe for the directional diagram being directed toward using the calculated current beam of broad sense raised cosine after optimization
Than meeting preset requirement, the broad sense raised cosine after determining optimization；
Step 3 judges that whether array element coordinate spacing, which meets system, is wanted under current beam is directed toward in the array element coordinate of the optimization
It asks, is unsatisfactory for, give up the array co-ordinates position optimization as a result, resets beam position current value, return step 2, otherwise
Enter step 4；
Step 4 calculates the weight vector under all beam positions using the broad sense raised cosine after the optimization, and is corresponded to
Directional diagram under the beam position calculates directional diagram peak sidelobe ratio, if under all beam positions by corresponding directional diagram peak value
Valve is then disposed using the array element coordinate of the optimization as element position as a result, otherwise return step 2 than being all satisfied preset requirement；
Element position setting is carried out to the sparse MIMO array in six channels with element position deployment result.
2. as described in claim 1 based on the Low Altitude Target Detection wideband radar system of pitching MIMO, which is characterized in that described
Broad sense raised cosine in step 2 specifically:
Win (v)=(1-a)-acos [2 π (v-1)/(N-1)], 0≤a≤0.5
Wherein, win (*) indicates the windowed function of the corresponding directional diagram weight vector of array element v, and N indicates that element number of array, v indicate current
Array element serial number, a indicate window function Optimal Parameters；
Weight vector in the step 4 are as follows:
W=[R-1 α ( θ 0 )] · win
Wherein θ0Indicate that beam position, R indicate the interference noise covariance matrix of array, α (θ0) indicate under current beam direction
Goal orientation vector indicates dot product.
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| CN108196250B (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2022-04-15 | 西安电子科技大学 | Continuous wave radar system and method for low-altitude small target detection |
| CN111971580A (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2020-11-20 | Iee国际电子工程股份公司 | Method and system for target detection using MIMO radar |
| CN109031282B (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-11-10 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | System for simultaneous working of electronic reconnaissance and radar detection |
| CN109856603B (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2021-12-28 | 森思泰克河北科技有限公司 | Radar anti-interference method, terminal device and storage medium |
| CN110346766B (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2022-04-22 | 西安电子科技大学 | Null broadening method based on sparse constraint control side lobe |
| CN110609273B (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2021-11-26 | 北京理工大学 | Broadband MIMO imaging radar array error compensation method based on multiple special display point targets |
| CN111257847B (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2023-05-02 | 西安电子科技大学 | FDA radar directional diagram decoupling method based on simulated annealing algorithm |
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