CN106976548B - Fracture plate capable of presetting fracture angle and fracture angle design method thereof - Google Patents
Fracture plate capable of presetting fracture angle and fracture angle design method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106976548B CN106976548B CN201710308408.9A CN201710308408A CN106976548B CN 106976548 B CN106976548 B CN 106976548B CN 201710308408 A CN201710308408 A CN 201710308408A CN 106976548 B CN106976548 B CN 106976548B
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- fracture
- angle
- plate
- theta
- fracture plate
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C1/00—Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces or the like
- B64C1/32—Severable or jettisonable parts of fuselage facilitating emergency escape
Abstract
The invention discloses a fracture plate with a preset fracture angle, wherein a weakening groove is formed in one side or two sides of the fracture plate, two opposite groove walls of the weakening groove are contacted with each other before the fracture plate is bent and broken at the weakening groove, and the fracture plate is broken at the weakening groove after the groove walls are contacted with each other. The two opposite groove walls of the weakening groove are mutually contacted before the fracture of the fracture plate, so that the main load of the weak part of the fracture plate is changed into a tensile force from a bending moment, the weak part of the fracture plate is finally broken, compared with the fracture process of the original fracture plate, the fracture process of the weak part of the fracture plate is closer to the simultaneous fracture of the whole fracture plate along the weak section, the bearing capacity change of the fracture plate in the fracture process is smaller than that of the original fracture plate, the dispersibility of the fracture angle is reduced, and therefore, the fracture plate can realize a specific fracture angle more easily.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of separation of articles in the technical field of aviation, and particularly relates to a fracture plate capable of presetting a fracture angle and a fracture angle design method thereof.
Background
In some aircraft, during flight, it is necessary to throw away a part of the structure, such as the inlet fairing (this part of the structure is hereinafter referred to as the projectile), and a rupture disc is used to connect the projectile with a part of the body. The breaking plate is a plate-shaped part with a weakening groove in the middle, and two ends of the breaking plate with the weakening groove as a boundary are respectively connected with the throwing object and the machine body. When the object is put in, other connecting pieces except the rupture plate are disconnected firstly, and the object put in drives one side of the rupture plate object to rotate (namely bend) around the weak part of the rupture plate until the weak part is completely ruptured, so that the object put in is disconnected with the machine body through the rupture plate. Original rupture board can divide into three kinds of situations according to weakening groove quantity and rupture board direction of buckling: (1) A single side is grooved and bent towards the enlarging direction of the grooved, as shown in figure 1; (2) Single-sided slotting, bending towards the slotting shrinking direction, as shown in figure 2; (3) The double-sided slot is bent towards one side, as shown in fig. 3. If the rupture plate does not break during bending, case (1) may be bent about 180 ° around the rupture plate weak portion, and cases (2) and (3) may be bent about 70 ° or more around the rupture plate weak portion. The original bending angle of the breaking plate is not up to the maximum bending angle around the breaking plate weak part, and the bending rotation part is always positioned at the breaking plate weak part in the whole process from the starting bending to the final breaking, so that the main load for breaking is bending moment around the breaking plate weak part. The actual fracture angle of the fracture in the form mainly depends on the characteristics of the material, the means for adjusting the fracture angle mainly comprises the steps of changing the material or changing the working environment of the material, such as temperature and the like, and the method is limited by the toughness distribution range of common fracture plate materials such as titanium alloy, high-strength alloy steel and high-strength aluminum alloy and the change of the working environment of the material, so that the specific fracture angle is difficult to realize. In addition, in the fracture process of the form, the fracture extends from the stretching surface to the compression surface of the weak portion of the fracture plate until the fracture reaches the compression surface, and in the fracture extension process, the capacity of the weak portion of the fracture plate for bearing the shearing force is gradually weakened, if the application environment of the fracture plate has the changing shearing force acting on the weak portion of the fracture plate, such as the changing shearing force caused by the separation height and the posture change of a put-in object, the fracture plate is easy to fracture at a certain corresponding bending angle when the fracture does not reach the compression surface from the stretching surface of the weak portion of the fracture plate, and the fracture angle is easy to disperse greatly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: in order to solve the problems, a fracture plate capable of realizing a specific angle fracture and having a fracture angle less affected by dispersion of fracture angles due to external shear changes and a fracture angle design method thereof are provided.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a rupture plate with a preset rupture angle, wherein a weakening groove is arranged on one side or two sides of the rupture plate, and the rupture plate is characterized in that: before the fracture plate is bent and broken at the weakening groove, two opposite groove walls of the weakening groove are contacted with each other, and after the groove walls are contacted with each other, the fracture plate is broken at the weakening groove.
The fracture plate with preset fracture angle has V-shaped weakening groove and bending angle theta when two opposite groove walls of the weakening groove are contacted with each other 2 The grooving angle theta of the weakening groove 2 Not greater than the actual breaking angle theta of the breaking plate 1 。
According to the fracture plate with the preset fracture angle, the groove walls of the weakening grooves are contacted with each other, so that the rotating part translates a distance from the weak part of the fracture plate to the direction of the weakening groove opening part in the subsequent bending process of the weakening grooves, the fracture plate continues to be bent around the new rotating part, the main load of the weak part of the fracture plate is changed into a pulling force from a bending moment, and finally the weak part of the fracture plate is broken.
The fracture angle design method of the fracture plate capable of presetting the fracture angle is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the design breaking angle of the breaking plate is recorded as theta, and the actual breaking angle is recorded as theta 1 Bending the fracture plate until weakening the two phases of the grooveThe bending angle of the groove walls of the pair is theta when the groove walls are contacted with each other 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Due to the influence of compression when two opposite groove walls of the weakening groove are contacted with each other and the influence of elongation when the material breaks, theta 1 ＞θ 2 Wherein θ is 2 Can be determined during machining, theta 1 Then actual measurement is required to make θ 1 Within the engineering allowable deviation range, the deviation between the engineering error and the theta can be determined by adopting the following steps 2 ：
a. Select θ 2 Initial value, θ 2 A value close to θ may be selected, θ may be taken without empirical data, and a value less than θ may be taken empirically with empirical data;
b. according to theta 2 Designing and processing a fracture plate;
c. measuring the fracture angle θ of the fracture plate 1 ；
d. Determining the breaking angle deviation (θ) 1 - θ) is within the allowable deviation range, if so, then current θ 2 I.e. as a final result; if not, will theta 2 Subtracting (θ) 1 - θ) as new θ 2 Repeating the steps b to d.
According to the fracture angle design method of the fracture plate with the preset fracture angle, according to the different design fracture angles theta, the fracture plate has different toughness requirements on fracture plate materials, whether the fracture plate materials meet the toughness requirements under the design fracture angle is verified, and according to the bearing requirements on shearing force in the fracture process, the following method can be used:
if the weak part of the fracture plate before fracture needs to keep higher shearing resistance all the time, the theta can be processed by the material 2 If the bending angle reaches theta, the fracture plate has no visible crack for human eyes, and the toughness of the material meets the requirement; if the weak part of the fracture plate before fracture does not need to keep higher shearing resistance all the time, the theta can be processed by the material 2 If the fracture plate is not completely fractured when the bending angle reaches theta, the toughness of the material meets the requirementAnd (5) solving.
The two opposite groove walls of the weakening groove are mutually contacted before the fracture of the fracture plate, so that the main load of the weak part of the fracture plate is changed into a tensile force from a bending moment, the weak part of the fracture plate is finally broken, compared with the fracture process of the original fracture plate, the fracture process of the weak part of the fracture plate is closer to the simultaneous fracture of the whole fracture plate along the weak section, the bearing capacity change of the fracture plate in the fracture process is smaller than that of the original fracture plate, the dispersibility of the fracture angle is reduced, and therefore, the fracture plate can realize a specific fracture angle more easily.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a conventional fracture plate structure with a single-sided slot and bent in the expansion direction of the slot.
FIG. 2 shows a conventional structure of a fracture plate with a single-sided slot and bent in a direction of narrowing the slot.
FIG. 3 is a prior art double sided slotted and bent fracture plate structure to one side.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing translation of a rotating portion of the fracture plate during bending.
Reference numerals: 1 is a fracture plate, 1a is a rotating part, 2 is a weakening groove, and 2a is a groove wall.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a breaking plate with a preset breaking angle is provided, a weakening groove 2 is formed on one side or both sides of the breaking plate 1, when the single-sided broken plate with the weakening groove is adopted, the breaking plate is bent in a reduced direction of the slotting, or when the double-sided broken plate with the weakening groove is adopted, one side of the breaking plate is bent, before the breaking plate 1 is bent and broken at the weakening groove 2, two opposite groove walls 2a of the weakening groove 2 are contacted with each other, and after the groove walls 2a are contacted with each other, the breaking plate 1 is broken at the weakening groove 2.
Wherein the weakening groove 2 is formed in a V-shape which maximizes the contact area when two opposing groove walls of the weakening groove are in contact with each other, thereby reducing the contact pressure, reducing the influence of compression deformation on the fracture angle, and bending the fracture plate 1 until the angle of bending when two opposing groove walls 2a of the weakening groove 2 are in contact with each other is θ 2 The grooving angle theta of the weakening groove 2 2 Not greater than the actual breaking angle theta of the breaking plate 1 1 The groove walls 2a of the weakening groove 2 are contacted with each other, so that the rotating part 1a translates a distance from the weak part of the rupture plate 1 to the direction of the weakening groove part in the subsequent bending process of the weakening groove 2, the rupture plate 1 continues to bend around the new rotating part 1a, the main load of the weak part of the rupture plate 1 is changed into a tensile force from a bending moment, and finally the weak part of the rupture plate 1 is broken, so that the rupture plate is ruptured.
A fracture angle design method of a fracture plate capable of presetting a fracture angle specifically comprises the following steps: the design breaking angle of the breaking plate is recorded as theta, and the actual breaking angle is recorded as theta 1 Bending the fracture plate until the angle of bending when two opposite groove walls of the weakening groove are contacted with each other is theta 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Due to the influence of compression when two opposite groove walls of the weakening groove are contacted with each other and the influence of elongation when the material breaks, theta 1 ＞θ 2 Wherein θ is 2 Can be determined during machining, theta 1 Then actual measurement is required to make θ 1 Within the engineering allowable deviation range, the deviation between the engineering error and the theta can be determined by adopting the following steps 2 ：
a. Select θ 2 Initial value, θ 2 A value close to θ may be selected, θ may be taken without empirical data, and a value less than θ may be taken empirically with empirical data;
b. according to theta 2 Designing and processing a fracture plate;
c. measuring the fracture angle θ of the fracture plate 1 ；
d. Determining the breaking angle deviation (θ) 1 - θ) is within the allowable deviation range, if so, then current θ 2 I.e. as a final result; if not, will theta 2 Subtracting (θ) 1 - θ) as new θ 2 Repeating the stepsStep b to step d.
The fracture plate has different toughness requirements on fracture plate materials according to different design fracture angles theta, whether the fracture plate materials meet the toughness requirements under the design fracture angles is verified, and the following method can be used according to the bearing requirements on shearing force in the fracture process:
if the weak part of the fracture plate before fracture needs to keep higher shearing resistance all the time, the theta can be processed by the material 2 If the bending angle reaches theta, the fracture plate has no visible crack for human eyes, and the toughness of the material meets the requirement; if the weak part of the fracture plate before fracture does not need to keep higher shearing resistance all the time, the theta can be processed by the material 2 And if the bending angle of the fracture plate reaches theta, the fracture plate is not completely broken, and the toughness of the material meets the requirement.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a but fracture angle design method of fracture board of preset fracture angle is in the single face or the double-sided of fracture board is provided with weakens the groove, before fracture board is buckled fracture in weakening groove department, two opposite cell walls in weakening the groove contact each other, after the cell wall contacted each other, fracture board is broken by weakening groove department, weakening the groove and being V-arrangement, its characterized in that: the design breaking angle of the breaking plate is recorded as theta, and the actual breaking angle is recorded as theta 1 Bending the fracture plate until the angle of bending when two opposite groove walls of the weakening groove are contacted with each other is theta 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Due to the influence of compression when two opposite groove walls of the weakening groove are contacted with each other and the influence of elongation when the material breaks, theta 1 ＞θ 2 Wherein θ is 2 Can be determined during machining, theta 1 Then actual measurement is required to make θ 1 The deviation from theta is within the engineering allowable deviation range,the following steps may be taken to determine θ 2 ：
a. Select θ 2 Initial value, θ 2 A value close to θ may be selected, θ may be taken without empirical data, and a value less than θ may be taken empirically with empirical data;
b. according to theta 2 Designing and processing a fracture plate;
c. measuring the fracture angle θ of the fracture plate 1 ；
d. Determining the breaking angle deviation (θ) 1 - θ) is within the allowable deviation range, if so, then current θ 2 I.e. as a final result; if not, will theta 2 Subtracting (θ) 1 - θ) as new θ 2 Repeating the steps b to d.
2. The fracture angle design method of the fracture plate capable of presetting the fracture angle according to claim 1, wherein: according to the design of the fracture angle theta, the fracture plate has different toughness requirements on the fracture plate material, whether the fracture plate material meets the toughness requirement under the design of the fracture angle is verified, and the following method can be used according to the bearing requirement on shearing force in the fracture process:
if the weak part of the fracture plate before fracture needs to keep higher shearing resistance all the time, the theta can be processed by the material 2 If the bending angle reaches theta, the fracture plate has no visible crack for human eyes, and the toughness of the material meets the requirement; if the weak part of the fracture plate before fracture does not need to keep higher shearing resistance all the time, the theta can be processed by the material 2 And if the bending angle of the fracture plate reaches theta, the fracture plate is not completely broken, and the toughness of the material meets the requirement.
3. The fracture angle design method of the fracture plate capable of presetting the fracture angle according to claim 1, wherein: the groove walls of the weakening grooves are mutually contacted, so that the rotating parts translate a distance from the weak parts of the breaking plates to the directions of the weakening groove openings in the subsequent bending process of the weakening grooves, the breaking plates continue to be bent around the new rotating parts, the main load of the weak parts of the breaking plates is changed into a pulling force from a bending moment, and finally the weak parts of the breaking plates are broken.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710308408.9A CN106976548B (en) | 2017-05-04 | 2017-05-04 | Fracture plate capable of presetting fracture angle and fracture angle design method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710308408.9A CN106976548B (en) | 2017-05-04 | 2017-05-04 | Fracture plate capable of presetting fracture angle and fracture angle design method thereof |
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| CN106976548A CN106976548A (en) | 2017-07-25 |
| CN106976548B true CN106976548B (en) | 2024-01-26 |
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| CN115400826B (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2024-03-22 | 蓝城房产建设管理集团有限公司 | Construction waste recycling device and recycling method thereof |
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