CN106950840B - Power grid peak clipping-oriented hierarchical distributed coordination control method for comprehensive energy system - Google Patents
Power grid peak clipping-oriented hierarchical distributed coordination control method for comprehensive energy system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a power grid peak clipping-oriented hierarchical distributed coordination control method for a comprehensive energy system, which divides the energy system into an upper control system and a lower control system, and comprises the following steps: 1) the lower control system performs self-tendency optimization control on the user; 2) the upper control system collects power information of the gateway and judges whether the integral peak value of the energy system meets the actual requirement or not; 3) directly adjusting the energy storage output and the generator output in the upper park; 4) the upper control system judges whether the power of the gateway is out of limit again; 5) the upper control system issues instructions to the lower adjustable users, and the interactive users reasonably adjust the loads of the interactive users; 6) the upper control system continuously judges whether the power of the gateway is out of limit; 7) and the upper layer garden control system issues an instruction to the lower layer interruptible user, and the interactive user reasonably interrupts the load of the interactive user. The invention solves the problem that a plurality of energy sources are mutually coupled and difficult to coordinate and complement, cuts peaks and fills valleys, and realizes friendly interaction with a power grid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power systems, in particular to a hierarchical distributed coordination control method for a comprehensive energy system for power grid peak clipping.
Background
The energy is an important material basis for the development of national economy, and is in an extremely important strategic position in the national economy, and people can not leave the energy in production and life. With the development of economy and society, the problem of energy shortage is more and more severe, the conventional fossil energy is increasingly in short supply, and meanwhile, a series of environmental pollution problems caused by overuse of the fossil energy seriously threatens the survival and development of human beings.
In a traditional energy system, cold/heat/electricity/gas are often designed, planned, operated and controlled independently of each other, and different energy supply and energy consumption system main bodies cannot be integrally coordinated, matched and optimized, so that the overall utilization rate of energy is low. Facing increasingly serious resource and environmental problems, the comprehensive energy system can realize comprehensive management and coordination complementation of various energy sources, improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of the energy sources, and realize friendly interaction with a power grid facing to the peak clipping requirement of the power grid. The traditional centralized EMS is difficult to meet the requirement of cooperative and complementary comprehensive energy systems, and the existing control method aiming at the comprehensive energy systems is less and has defects, so that the existing actual requirements cannot be met.
The technical scheme of the currently more advanced comprehensive energy system is as follows:
1. in consideration of a large amount of data of the future energy Internet, the invention provides a source/network/load/storage coordination management system and method for serving the energy Internet, which are provided by Huangchang, university in southeast south China, and the like, and provides a control system which is divided into a 3-layer structure and is a demand layer, a state layer and a control layer. The demand layer collects basic data such as source/network/load/storage control parameters, state definition and the like and information of a control target; the state layer collects the running state parameters of source/network/load/storage in real time; the control layer implements system power balancing. In the invention, through source/network/load/storage coordination control and optimization management in the energy Internet, the aims of balance of supply and demand, maintenance of electric energy quality, demand side management and the like are realized at a control layer, the optimization configuration of electric energy is realized, and the purpose of source/network/load/storage coordination management is achieved.
2. The system comprises a regional operation monitoring subsystem, a distributed power supply prediction subsystem, a load cluster response prediction analysis subsystem, a fault rapid processing subsystem, an energy consumption analysis and management subsystem, an electric vehicle optimization scheduling subsystem and a regional multistage energy comprehensive coordination control subsystem. On the basis of multi-source information fusion, comprehensive operation monitoring of power supplies, power grids and user loads in the region and prediction, analysis and scheduling of various distributed energy sources are realized, rapid diagnosis and processing of faults of the power grids are realized, load prediction, energy consumption analysis, energy-saving management of users and intelligent scheduling of electric automobiles are realized, and reasonable distribution and multivariate complementation of region energy are realized by comprehensively coordinating energy interaction among the power supplies, the power grids and the user loads.
3. The invention discloses an energy network regulation and control method and system for park type cold and hot energy hybrid application by Tianwei Hua and the like, which are a company Limited in Beijing national electric communication network technology, and the invention comprises a remote energy monitoring center, an energy coordination controller and at least one in-situ energy controller; the energy coordination controller is responsible for acquiring the operation data of each local energy controller energy device and uploading the data to the remote energy monitoring center through a network; the remote energy monitoring center gives a matching and regulating strategy according to the collected data information of the environmental factor information machine energy system which influences the energy demand on the load side, and sends the data information to the corresponding in-situ energy controller through the energy coordination controller. Therefore, the complementary supply of various energy systems is realized, and the energy utilization rate is improved.
However, in the above three schemes, neither peak clipping nor valley filling is emphasized, nor the load curve of the power grid is improved, and the interactive friendliness to the power grid is emphasized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a power grid peak clipping-oriented comprehensive energy system layered distributed coordination control method which utilizes a coupling mechanism between energy systems in space and time to realize comprehensive management and coordination complementation of various energy sources so as to meet the peak clipping requirement of a power grid.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a power grid peak clipping-oriented comprehensive energy system layered distributed coordination control method divides an energy system into an upper control system and a lower control system, wherein the upper control system is a park layer, the main body of the upper control system is an industrial park, the lower control system is a user layer, the main body of the user layer is a user of a plant area,
the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: aiming at typical user configuration of a user layer, a lower layer control system performs self-tendency optimization control on a user;
step two: the upper control system collects power information of a gateway, judges whether the integral peak value of the energy system meets the actual requirement or not, and keeps the operation of a lower user according to a self-optimization scheme if the integral peak value of the energy system meets the actual requirement; if not, entering the third step;
step three: the upper park releases the pre-reserved electric power and increases the direct-regulation energy storage output and the generator output;
step four: the upper control system collects the power information of the gateway again, judges whether the power of the gateway is out of limit, if not, keeps the lower user running according to the scheme of the third step, and if so, enters the fifth step;
step five: the upper control system issues an instruction to the lower adjustable user, the interactive user reasonably adjusts the load of the interactive user, and the interactive user participates in peak shaving according to the instruction, so that power balance is achieved, and the stability of the power grid is realized;
step six: the upper control system continues to acquire the power information of the gateway and judges whether the power of the gateway is out of limit or not, if not, the lower user is kept running according to the scheme of the fifth step, and if the power of the gateway is out of limit, the seventh step is carried out;
step seven: the upper layer park control system issues an instruction to the lower layer interruptible users, the interactive users reasonably interrupt the loads of the interactive users, and participate in peak shaving according to the instruction, so that power balance is achieved, and the stability of the power grid is realized.
Further, in the first step, typical user configurations of the user layer include the following items: micro-gas turbine, photovoltaic, ice cold accumulation, fan, electric energy storage, gas boiler, water heat accumulation and waste heat steam recycling.
Further, in the step one, the specific process of the lower control system performing self-trending optimization control on the user is as follows:
1) calculating the total cost C of purchasing electricitygridAnd total gas purchase cost CgasThe calculation formula is as follows
2) Calculating the total energy purchase cost f of each user1Is calculated as follows
min f1＝Cgrid+Cgas(2)
Wherein, H in the formula (1) is the number of the scheduling period time segments;
the power purchasing amount from the power distribution network is scheduled for a scheduling time period t equal to 1,2,3 … H;
the time-of-use electricity price at the time t is obtained;
a unit heating value price for purchasing fuel gas;
the power generation power of the micro-combustion engine at the time t and the heat generation power of the gas boiler respectively, etaMT、ηGFBThe efficiency of micro-combustion engines and gas boilers is divided.
Further, in the first step, the constraints for each parameter in the user typical configuration are as follows:
1) electric power balance constraint
2) Flue gas balance constraint
αMT,smokePMT＝QHRSG,smoke+QHX,smoke(4)
3) Steam power balance constraint
4) Thermal power balance constraint
5) Cold power balance constraint
6) Electric and thermal power constraint of each equipment operation
7) For the storage battery, the following charge and discharge power constraints, energy storage constraints and equation constraints of energy storage before and after charge and discharge should be simultaneously satisfied:
charging constraint of the storage battery:
0≤PBS,C≤CapBSγBS,C(9)
discharge restraint of the storage battery:
0≤PBS,D≤CapBSγBS,D(10)
and (3) electric quantity constraint of the storage battery:
WBS,min≤WBS≤WBS,max(11)
the electric storage capacity before and after the storage battery is charged and discharged:
in formulae (3) to (12): pPVPower, P, being photovoltaicWTIs the power, P, of the fanBS,C、PBS,DCharging and discharging power divided into electric energy storage, PA/CElectric power, L, for base-load main machineEIs the electrical load power, PHPIs the electric power of the heat pump,
electric power α divided into ice making and refrigerating of dual-working-condition main machineMT,smokeIs the thermoelectric ratio, Q, of a micro-combustion engineHRSG,smoke、QHX,smokeIs divided into the thermal power and Q of the flue gas absorbed by a waste heat boiler recovery device and a flue gas heat exchangerGFB,steamThe thermal power for generating steam for the gas-fired boiler,
Heat power, Q, output for waste heat boilerGFB,heatHeat power Q output for gas boilerTS、QHLRespectively steam load, heat load, QHX,steamThermal power Q divided into steam heat exchangerRA,D、QRA,CRespectively the output and input thermal power of the thermal storage device,
Respectively outputting cold power and Q under the working conditions of refrigeration and ice making for the dual-working-condition main machineIS,DRefrigeration power, Q, for melting iceA/CRefrigeration power, Q, for base-loaded hostsCLFor cold load, CapBSIs the capacity, gamma, of the storage batteryBS,C、γBS,DMaximum charge rate, maximum discharge rate, WBS,min、WBS,maxThe maximum and minimum electric storage capacity of the storage battery,
Respectively before and after charging and dischargingBSis the self-discharge rate, etaBS,C、ηBS,DRespectively, the charge-discharge efficiency and the delta t are scheduling periods.
Further, in the fifth step and the seventh step, in the process that the upper control system adjusts or interrupts the user, the upper control system performs adjustment compensation and interrupt compensation on the user through a pre-signed compensation protocol.
Further, for the adjustment compensation and the interruption compensation, the calculation process of the compensation criterion is as follows:
1) calculating the implementation cost of the ith user
wherein T is the time of the ith user participating in the interaction, and alphaIDR,iCompensation of unit reduction electricity price obtained for load reduction for the ith user; Δ LDR,iReduced peak load for the ith user;
2) calculating the maximum net profit for the park energy provider
maxf2＝Eselling-Csouce-CIDR,i(14)
In the formula: f. of2As energy of gardenNet profit of the provider, EsellingIncome gained by cooling, heating and supplying power to users for the park's complex energy provider, CsouceCost of energy purchase for an integrated energy provider, CIDR,iCompensating for the electricity price paid to the ith user for the integrated energy provider, wherein:
Eselling＝Eelc+Eheat+Ecooling(15)
Csouce＝Cgrid+Cgas(16)
in the formula EelcRevenue from sales of electricity, E, for an integrated energy providerheatSales Heat revenue, E, for Integrated energy providerscoolingSales cooling revenue for the integrated energy provider.
Further, the maximum load power Pg of the park gateway meets the following constraint conditions:
in the formula: pg is the load power of the gateway of the park;
and the load power upper limit value is the gateway load power upper limit value of the park.
Further, the directly-adjusting equipment governed by the upper-level control system needs to satisfy the following balanced constraint conditions in the campus at the same time: electric power balance, thermal power balance, flue gas balance, steam power balance, cold power balance, storage battery balance, heat storage device balance, and ice storage device balance.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the comprehensive energy system is divided into an upper park layer and a lower user layer, a layered distributed coordination control method is adopted, the park layer control system controls the power of the park gateway to be limited by directly regulating resources in a park and responding resources by users, and the user layer control system realizes self-optimization control by reasonably optimizing the resources of the users.
2. The invention adjusts the energy use condition of the user in the normal state, realizes self-optimization control by taking the self benefit of the user as the target, can fully integrate and utilize the effective resources of the user, improves the actual use efficiency of energy, can effectively reduce the energy purchase cost of the user, improves the income of the user, simultaneously, the residual controllable resources respond to the peak clipping requirement of the park, and on the basis, the upper park control system combines the park direct-adjusting resources and the user response resources to optimize by taking the minimum total peak clipping cost as the target.
3. A bottom-up optimization method is adopted in a control strategy, a staged control strategy is adopted to realize power grid peak clipping, the park direct-regulation resources are utilized to carry out peak clipping in the first stage, the load can be adjusted to participate in response peak clipping in the second stage, and the load can be interrupted to participate in response peak clipping in the third stage, so that the step-by-step targeted processing can be effectively carried out aiming at the size of the load, and the resource waste can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of the upper and lower systems of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary application of the underlying system of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that the following specific examples or embodiments are a series of presently preferred arrangements of the invention to further explain the principles of the invention, and that such arrangements may be used in conjunction or association with one another, unless it is expressly stated that some or all of the specific examples or embodiments are not in association or association with other examples or embodiments. Meanwhile, the following specific examples or embodiments are only provided as an optimized arrangement mode and are not to be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.
The control method is divided into two layers, wherein a benefit subject at the lower layer is each user, a benefit subject at the upper layer is an industrial park, a schematic diagram of the hierarchical distributed coordination peak clipping of the comprehensive energy system is shown in figure 1, and the principle and the thought of the control method are explained aiming at different subjects at the upper layer and the lower layer.
Lower layer distribution autonomous control method
The control targets of each plant area user in the lower-layer control system are that energy purchasing cost is reduced, economic benefit is improved and the purpose of self-optimization operation is achieved through reasonable scheduling of self-controllable resources. FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a typical user configuration, including the following items: micro-gas turbine, photovoltaic, ice cold accumulation, fan, electric energy storage, gas boiler, water heat accumulation and waste heat steam recycling. Specific lower layer control models are given below.
The objective function of the control is:
min f1＝Cgrid+Cgas(1)
in the formula: f. of1Total energy purchase cost for each user, CgridThe total electricity purchasing cost is provided for each user. CgasThe cost of purchasing natural gas for a user who needs to consume the gas.
The calculation formulas of the electricity purchase cost and the gas purchase cost are respectively as follows:
in the formula: h is the number of scheduling period time segments;
the power purchasing amount from the power distribution network is scheduled for a scheduling time period t equal to 1,2,3 … H;
the time-of-use electricity price at the time t is obtained;
a unit heating value price for purchasing fuel gas;
the power generation power of the micro-combustion engine at the time t and the heat generation power of the gas boiler respectively, etaMT、ηGFBThe efficiency of micro-combustion engines and gas boilers is divided.
For various items in typical configuration of a user, such as a micro-gas turbine, photovoltaic, ice storage, a fan, electric energy storage, a gas boiler, water storage, waste heat and steam recycling and the like, some constraint conditions existing in the calculation process need to be considered, and the specific contents are as follows:
1) electric power balance constraint
2) Flue gas balance constraint
αMT,smokePMT＝QHRSG,smoke+QHX,smoke(4)
3) Steam power balance constraint
4) Thermal power balance constraint
5) Cold power balance constraint
6) Electric and thermal power constraint of each equipment operation
7) For the storage battery, the following charge and discharge power constraints, energy storage constraints and equation constraints of energy storage before and after charge and discharge should be simultaneously satisfied:
charging constraints of the battery;
0≤PBS,C≤CapBSγBS,C(9)
discharge restraint of the storage battery;
0≤PBS,D≤CapBSγBS,D (10)
the electric quantity of the storage battery is restricted;
WBS,min≤WBS≤WBS,max(11)
the electric quantity before and after the charging and discharging of the storage battery;
in formulae (3) to (12): pPVPower, P, being photovoltaicWTIs the power, P, of the fanBS,C、PBS,DCharging and discharging power divided into electric energy storage, PA/CElectric power, L, for base-load main machineEIs the electrical load power, PHPIs the electric power of the heat pump,
electric power α divided into ice making and refrigerating of dual-working-condition main machineMT,smokeIs the thermoelectric ratio, Q, of a micro-combustion engineHRSG,smoke、QHX,smokeIs divided into the thermal power and Q of the flue gas absorbed by a waste heat boiler recovery device and a flue gas heat exchangerGFB,steamThe thermal power for generating steam for the gas-fired boiler,
Heat power, Q, output for waste heat boilerGFB,heatHeat power Q output for gas boilerTS、QHLRespectively steam load, heat load, QHX,steamThermal power Q divided into steam heat exchangerRA,D、QRA,CRespectively the output and input thermal power of the thermal storage device,
Respectively outputting cold power and Q under the working conditions of refrigeration and ice making for the dual-working-condition main machineIS,DRefrigeration power, Q, for melting iceA/CRefrigeration power, Q, for base-loaded hostsCLFor cold load, CapBSIs the capacity, gamma, of the storage batteryBS,C、γBS,DMaximum charge rate, maximum discharge rate, WBS,min、WBS,maxThe maximum and minimum electric storage capacity of the storage battery,
Respectively before and after charging and dischargingBSis the self-discharge rate, etaBS,C、ηBSD is the charging and discharging efficiency, delta t is the scheduling period, and h.
The constraint conditions of the energy storage devices such as the heat storage device, the ice cold storage device and the like are similar to those of the storage battery, and are not described in detail herein.
Upper layer centralized coordination control strategy
The control target of the upper-layer park control system is to ensure the balance of cold/heat/electricity supply and demand in the park under the normal operation state, and the economic operation of the managed direct-regulating equipment is realized on the premise that the load peak value of the park gateway is not out of limit. When the load peak value of the park gateway is out of limit, peak clipping is carried out through park direct-adjusting equipment and lower-layer demand response, different interactive user electricity price subsidies participating in the response are analyzed, the aim of minimum compensation cost is achieved (namely the net profit of a park comprehensive energy provider is maximum), and adjustable and controllable resources are reasonably selected for peak clipping.
Demand Response (DR) can improve the load curve of the power grid, and users participating in the response can obtain certain electricity price compensation. For example, some flexible loads on the user side may obtain a certain adjustability through power adjustment, power utilization in order, voltage reduction and energy saving (VCR) and other measures. In an emergency, partial user peak clipping can be interrupted. By signing an agreement in advance, users participating in DR will get adjustment compensation and interruption compensation, and the implementation cost for the ith user can be expressed as:
wherein T is the time of the ith user participating in the interaction, and alphaIDR,iCompensation of unit reduction electricity price obtained for load reduction for the ith user; Δ LDR, i is the peak load reduced by the ith user.
The objective function in this strategy is:
maxf2＝Eselling-Csouce-CIDR,i(14)
in the formula: f. of2Net profit for park energy providers, EsellingIncome gained by cooling, heating and supplying power to users for the park's complex energy provider, CsouceCost of energy purchase for an integrated energy provider, CIDR,iCompensating for the electricity price paid to the ith user for the integrated energy provider, wherein:
Eselling＝Eelc+Eheat+Ecooling(15)
Csouce＝Cgrid+Cgas(16)
in the formula EelcRevenue from sales of electricity, E, for an integrated energy providerheatSales Heat revenue, E, for Integrated energy providerscoolingSales cooling revenue for the integrated energy provider. Wherein the energy purchase charge of the park CsouceThe calculation method is similar to that of the user and is not described herein again.
In addition, the directly-adjusted devices in the upper layer still need to satisfy constraints such as electric balance, thermal balance, smoke balance and the like in the campus, and the model is similar to the user and is not described herein again.
Whether the upper layer control or the lower layer control is adopted, a constraint condition needs to be met, namely the maximum load power of the gateway of the park area
In the formula: pg is the load power of the gateway of the park;
and the load power upper limit value is the gateway load power upper limit value of the park. In order to realize friendly interaction with the power grid, the park comprehensive energy provider needs to ensure that the power of the park gateway does not exceed the limit.
In combination with the above-described two control models or strategies for upper-level control and lower-level control, the concept of upper-level and lower-level overall scheduling in the present invention is as follows:
the goals of the upper layer scheduling are: on the premise of ensuring the safety and stability of the park, the minimum investment and running cost of the park is realized. When the load of the user is greatly increased, the power generator is increased by upper-layer scheduling, the stored energy output is directly adjusted, the user can be adjusted to carry out peak clipping, and the power of the gateway is not out of limit. When the interactive users are required to reduce load peak clipping, the compensation electricity price for different interactive user participation demand responses is required to be minimum.
The specific situation can be divided into the following 3 stages:
stage one: when the power of the gateway of the park is more limited when the load of a user is increased, the upper-layer scheduling needs to carry out peak clipping on the output of a park generator, the charging and discharging of directly-adjusted energy storage and the reasonable economic scheduling of the generator, and the power utilization behavior of the user is not limited (namely, the user is not required to carry out demand response);
and a second stage: the load of a user is increased greatly, the increase of the load can not be stabilized by a park generator and a direct regulation energy storage, the power of a gateway is out of limit, the safety and the stability of a power grid in a park are influenced, and the load fluctuation can be stabilized by an adjustable user. And the upper-layer park dispatching sends an instruction to the lower-layer adjustable users, the interactive users reasonably adjust the self load, participate in peak shaving according to the instruction, the power balance is achieved, and the stability of the power grid is realized.
And a third stage: the load of a user is greatly increased, the increase of the load of a park generator and a directly-adjusted energy storage cannot be stabilized, the power of a gateway is out of limit, the safety and the stability of a power grid in a park are affected, and the load fluctuation can be stabilized simply through adjustable users. And the upper-layer park dispatching sends an instruction to the lower-layer interruptible users, the interactive users reasonably interrupt the loads of the interactive users, and participate in peak shaving according to the instruction, so that the power balance is achieved, and the stability of the power grid is realized.
The flowchart of the upper and lower layer overall scheduling is shown in fig. 3, and includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: aiming at typical user configuration of a user layer, a lower layer control system performs self-tendency optimization control on a user;
step two: the upper control system collects power information of a gateway, judges whether the integral peak value of the energy system meets the actual requirement or not, and keeps the operation of a lower user according to a self-optimization scheme if the integral peak value of the energy system meets the actual requirement; if not, entering the third step;
step three: the upper park releases the pre-reserved electric power and increases the direct-regulation energy storage output and the generator output;
step four: the upper control system collects the power information of the gateway again, judges whether the power of the gateway is out of limit, if not, keeps the lower user running according to the scheme of the third step, and if so, enters the fifth step;
step five: the upper control system issues an instruction to the lower adjustable user, the interactive user reasonably adjusts the load of the interactive user, and the interactive user participates in peak shaving according to the instruction, so that power balance is achieved, and the stability of the power grid is realized;
step six: the upper control system continues to acquire the power information of the gateway and judges whether the power of the gateway is out of limit or not, if not, the lower user is kept running according to the scheme of the fifth step, and if the power of the gateway is out of limit, the seventh step is carried out;
step seven: the upper layer park control system issues an instruction to the lower layer interruptible users, the interactive users reasonably interrupt the loads of the interactive users, and participate in peak shaving according to the instruction, so that power balance is achieved, and the stability of the power grid is realized.
It should be noted that the above-described embodiments allow those skilled in the art to more fully understand the specific structure of the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail in the specification and drawings and the examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be modified and equivalents may be substituted; all technical solutions and modifications thereof which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A power grid peak clipping-oriented comprehensive energy system layered distributed coordination control method divides an energy system into an upper control system and a lower control system, wherein the upper control system is a park layer, the main body of the upper control system is an industrial park, the lower control system is a user layer, the main body of the user layer is a user of a plant area,
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: aiming at typical user configuration of a user layer, a lower layer control system performs self-tendency optimization control on a user;
step two: the upper control system collects power information of a gateway, judges whether the integral peak value of the energy system meets the actual requirement or not, and keeps the operation of a lower user according to a self-optimization scheme if the integral peak value of the energy system meets the actual requirement; if not, entering the third step;
step three: the upper park releases the pre-reserved electric power and increases the direct-regulation energy storage output and the generator output;
step four: the upper control system collects the power information of the gateway again, judges whether the power of the gateway is out of limit, if not, keeps the lower user running according to the scheme of the third step, and if so, enters the fifth step;
step five: the upper control system issues an instruction to the lower adjustable user, the interactive user reasonably adjusts the load of the interactive user, and the interactive user participates in peak shaving according to the instruction, so that power balance is achieved, and the stability of the power grid is realized;
step six: the upper control system continues to acquire the power information of the gateway and judges whether the power of the gateway is out of limit or not, if not, the lower user is kept running according to the scheme of the fifth step, and if the power of the gateway is out of limit, the seventh step is carried out;
step seven: the upper layer garden control system issues an instruction to the lower layer interruptible user, the interactive user reasonably interrupts the self load, and participates in peak shaving according to the instruction, so that power balance is achieved, and the stability of the power grid is realized;
in the fifth step and the seventh step, the upper control system carries out adjustment compensation and interruption compensation on the user through a pre-signed compensation protocol in the process of adjusting or interrupting the user; for adjustment compensation and interruption compensation, the compensation criteria are calculated as follows:
1) calculating the implementation cost of the ith user
wherein T is the time of the ith user participating in the interaction, and alphaIDR,iCompensation of unit reduction electricity price obtained for load reduction for the ith user; Δ LDR,iReduced peak load for the ith user;
2) calculating net profits f of park energy providers2Maximum value
max f2＝Eselling-Csouce-CIDR,i(14)
In the formula: f. of2Net profit for park energy providers, EsellingIncome gained by cooling, heating and supplying power to users for the park's complex energy provider, CsouceCost of energy purchase for an integrated energy provider, CIDR,iCompensating for the electricity price paid to the ith user for the integrated energy provider, wherein:
Eselling＝Eelc+Eheat+Ecooling(15)
Csouce＝Cgrid+Cgas(16)
in the formula EelcRevenue from sales of electricity, E, for an integrated energy providerheatSales Heat revenue, E, for Integrated energy providerscoolingSales cooling revenue for the integrated energy provider.
2. The grid clipping oriented integrated energy system layered and distributed coordination control method according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, typical user configurations of the user layer include the following items: micro-gas turbine, photovoltaic, ice cold accumulation, fan, electric energy storage, gas boiler, water heat accumulation and waste heat steam recycling.
3. The power grid peak clipping-oriented hierarchical distributed coordination control method for the integrated energy system according to claim 2, wherein in the first step, the specific process of the lower control system for performing self-approaching optimization control on the user is as follows:
1) calculating the total cost C of purchasing electricitygridAnd total gas purchase cost CgasThe calculation formula is as follows
2) Calculating the total energy purchase cost f of each user1Is calculated as follows
min f1＝Cgrid+Cgas(2)
Wherein, H in the formula (1) is the number of the scheduling period time segments;
the power purchasing amount from the power distribution network is scheduled for a scheduling time period t equal to 1,2,3 … H;
the time-of-use electricity price at the time t is obtained;
a unit heating value price for purchasing fuel gas;
the power generation power of the micro-combustion engine at the time t and the heat generation power of the gas boiler respectively, etaMT、ηGFBThe efficiency of micro-combustion engines and gas boilers is divided.
4. The grid peak clipping-oriented hierarchical distributed coordination control method for the integrated energy system according to claim 3, wherein in the first step, the constraints on various equipment parameters in the typical configuration of the user are as follows:
1) electric power balance constraint
2) Flue gas balance constraint
αMT,smokePMT＝QHRSG,smoke+QHX,smoke(4)
3) Steam power balance constraint
4) Thermal power balance constraint
5) Cold power balance constraint
6) Electric and thermal power constraint of each equipment operation
7) For the storage battery, the following charge and discharge power constraints, energy storage constraints and equation constraints of energy storage before and after charge and discharge should be simultaneously satisfied:
charging constraint of the storage battery:
0≤PBS,C≤CapBSγBS,C(9)
discharge restraint of the storage battery:
0≤PBS,D≤CapBSγBS,D(10)
and (3) electric quantity constraint of the storage battery:
WBS,min≤WBS≤WBS,max(11)
the electric storage capacity before and after the storage battery is charged and discharged:
in formulae (3) to (12): pPVPower, P, being photovoltaicWTIs the power, P, of the fanBS,C、PBS,DCharging and discharging power divided into electric energy storage, PA/CElectric power, L, for base-load main machineEIs the electrical load power, PHPIs the electric power of the heat pump,
electric power α divided into ice making and refrigerating of dual-working-condition main machineMT,smokeIs the thermoelectric ratio, Q, of a micro-combustion engineHRSG,smoke、QHX,smokeIs divided into the thermal power and Q of the flue gas absorbed by a waste heat boiler recovery device and a flue gas heat exchangerGFB,steamThe thermal power for generating steam for the gas-fired boiler,
Heat power, Q, output for waste heat boilerGFB,heatHeat power Q output for gas boilerTS、QHLRespectively steam load, heat load, QHX,steamThermal power Q divided into steam heat exchangerRA,D、QRA,CRespectively the output and input thermal power of the thermal storage device,
Respectively outputting cold power and Q under the working conditions of refrigeration and ice making for the dual-working-condition main machineIS,DRefrigeration power, Q, for melting iceA/CRefrigeration power, Q, for base-loaded hostsCLFor cold load, CapBSIs the capacity, gamma, of the storage batteryBS,C、γBS,DMaximum charge rate, maximum discharge rate, WBS,min、WBS,maxThe maximum and minimum electric storage capacity of the storage battery,
Respectively before and after charging and dischargingBSis the self-discharge rate, etaBS,C、ηBS,DRespectively, the charge-discharge efficiency and the delta t are scheduling periods.
5. The power grid peak clipping-oriented hierarchical distributed coordination control method for the integrated energy system according to claim 1, characterized in that in the method implementation process, the park gateway maximum load power Pg satisfies the following constraint conditions:
in the formula: pg is the load power of the gateway of the park;
and the load power upper limit value is the gateway load power upper limit value of the park.
6. The power grid peak clipping-oriented hierarchical distributed coordination control method for the comprehensive energy system according to claim 1, wherein in step five, the directly-adjusting equipment governed by the upper control system needs to simultaneously meet the following balanced constraint conditions in the park: electric power balance, thermal power balance, flue gas balance, steam power balance, cold power balance, storage battery balance, heat storage device balance, and ice storage device balance.
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