CN106927977A - A kind of charcoal base organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of charcoal base organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106927977A CN106927977A CN201710228630.8A CN201710228630A CN106927977A CN 106927977 A CN106927977 A CN 106927977A CN 201710228630 A CN201710228630 A CN 201710228630A CN 106927977 A CN106927977 A CN 106927977A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of charcoal base organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof.Aerobic fermentation is made after charcoal base organic fertilizer of the present invention is mixed by mixed material and charcoal；Mixed material is organic waste and the mixed material of conditioner；Organic waste includes at least one in feces of livestock and poultry, rubbish from cooking, vegetables waste dish and domestic sludge；Conditioner includes at least one in agricultural crop straw, wood chip and the rice husk crushed；Organic waste is 1 with the mass ratio of conditioner：0.1~0.2；The raw material of charcoal includes agricultural crop straw and/or fruit tree beta pruning；The butt quality of mixed material is 1 with the mass ratio of charcoal：0.06~0.24.The present invention can not only consume substantial amounts of villages and small towns production and living discarded object, be the organic fertilizer for the raw high-quality of agricultural；The yield and quality of crops are improved, negative effect of the fertilizer to environment is reduced, and improvement for soil and the sustainable utilization in soil have buddhist benefit very much；With carbon sequestration effect, greenhouse gas emission can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of charcoal base organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof, belong to technical field of agricultural fertilizers.
Background technology
Rural area production and living offal treatment Utilizing question is increasingly highlighted.But from terms of resource view, in these discarded objects
Containing nutriments such as substantial amounts of organic matter, N P and Ks, recycling is carried out by developing organic fertilizer, can turned harm into good, become
Waste be changed into values, can not only reduce the pollution to environment, can also be utilized by organic fertilizer and realize that soil productivity is lifted and agricultural product product
The raising of matter.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of charcoal base organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof；The present invention can utilize villages and small towns organic waste
Thing, lifts organic fertilizer quality, reduces the pollution to environment, and energy improved soil when using, preparation method is simple.
The charcoal base organic fertilizer that the present invention is provided, aerobic fermentation is made after being mixed by mixed material and charcoal；
The mixed material is organic waste and the mixed material of conditioner；
The organic waste includes at least one in feces of livestock and poultry, rubbish from cooking, vegetables waste dish and domestic sludge；
The conditioner includes at least one in agricultural crop straw, wood chip and the rice husk crushed；
The raw material of the charcoal includes agricultural crop straw and/or fruit tree beta pruning；
The butt quality of the mixed material is 1 with the mass ratio of the charcoal：0.06~0.24.
In the present invention, the butt quality refers to representing wet on the basis of the anhydrous solid by unit mass well known in the art
During moisture in solid, referred to as butt quality；
The organic waste is derive specifically from villages and small towns.
In above-mentioned charcoal base organic fertilizer, add the conditioner to adjust the moisture content of the organic waste, make described mixed
The moisture content of compound material can be 60%~70%, concretely 65%；
The carbon nitrogen content of the mixed material can be 25~30；
The raw material for preparing the charcoal includes agricultural crop straw and/or fruit tree beta pruning；
The moisture content of the charcoal can be 10%~20%；
The particle diameter of the charcoal can be 5~10mm.
In the present invention, the moisture content refers to aqueous weight/mass percentage composition in material；
The charcoal is prepared according to method well known in the art, and the carbonization temperature of above-mentioned charcoal can be 200~600
DEG C, carbonization time can be 30min~2h.
In above-mentioned charcoal base organic fertilizer, the organic waste includes the feces of livestock and poultry, the rubbish from cooking, the vegetable
Dish waste dish and the domestic sludge；
The feces of livestock and poultry, the rubbish from cooking, the vegetables waste dish can be with the weight in wet base mass ratio of the domestic sludge
1：0.6~0.7：0.35~0.5：0.35~0.5, concretely 1:0.66:0.41:0.42.
In the present invention, the feces of livestock and poultry includes at least one in pig manure, chicken manure and cow dung；
The rubbish from cooking refers to villages and small towns residents daily life, catering service and unit and serves the meals etc. what is produced in activity
Organic waste, including surplus soup meal, pericarp and tea grounds；
The vegetables waste dish refers to vegetables in the discarded residual leaf of operation such as results, cleaning；
The domestic sludge refers to semisolid or the solid matter that sanitary sewage is produced during focusing on, and not
Including grid slag, scum silica frost and sand setting.
In above-mentioned charcoal base organic fertilizer, the process of the aerobic fermentation is as follows：Every half an hour blast aeration once, divulge information
Time can be 5~7min, and ventilation can be 0.3~0.4 (Lkg-1·min-1), every turning in 5~7 days once, the aerobic hair
The time of ferment is 20~30 days, concretely 30 days.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of above-mentioned charcoal base organic fertilizer, comprise the following steps：By the organic waste
Thing and the conditioner are mixed to get the mixed material, and the mixed material mixes with the charcoal, then carry out aerobic
Fermentation, that is, obtain the charcoal base organic fertilizer.
In preparation method of the present invention, the organic waste first determines its moisture content and carbon nitrogen content, then uses the tune
Reason agent adjusts its moisture content and carbon nitrogen content, makes the moisture content of the mixed material being mixed to get be 60%~70%, carbon nitrogen
Content (C/N) is adjusted to 25~30.
In above-mentioned preparation method, in methods described also include by after the aerobic fermentation product granulation, drying the step of.
The outward appearance of product is brown in the present invention, after the aerobic fermentation, short texture.
In above-mentioned preparation method, the operation of the granulation is：By product natural air drying after the aerobic fermentation to aqueous
Rate is less than 35%, crushes powdering, and extruding granulation obtains cylindrical particle, then is spherical particle by the particle shaping.
In above-mentioned preparation method, the temperature of the drying can be 60~80 DEG C；
After carrying out the drying, the moisture content of the charcoal base organic fertilizer can be 10%~18%.
In above-mentioned preparation method, the process of the aerobic fermentation is as follows：Every half an hour blast aeration once, during ventilation
Between can be 5~7min, ventilation can be 0.3~0.4 (Lkg-1·min-1), every turning in 5~7 days once, the aerobic fermentation
Time be 20~40 days, concretely 30 days.
The charcoal base organic fertilizer prepared by the above method falls within protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention has advantages below：
1st, the present invention is using villages and small towns organic wastes such as feces of livestock and poultry, rubbish from cooking, vegetables waste dish, domestic sludge, stalks
For raw material carries out aerobic fermentation, produce organic fertilizer, can not only consume substantial amounts of villages and small towns production and living discarded object, at the same obtain for
Agricultural production provides a kind of organic fertilizer of high-quality, lifts overall efficiency of agriculture.
2nd, charcoal is added in aerobic fermentation raw material and is conducive to compost maturity, by the use of charcoal as fertilizer synergistic carrier
(for the controlled-release material of fertilizer nutrient slow/controlled release), organic fertilizer is prepared by primary raw material of organic waste, can improve crops
Yield and quality, improved soil simultaneously reduces negative effect of the fertilizer to environment.
3rd, the present invention, without chemical fertilizer, is a kind of pure organic fertilizer.The present invention can improve the yield and matter of crops
Amount, reduces negative effect of the fertilizer to environment, and improvement for soil and the sustainable utilization in soil have buddhist benefit very much.
4th, stalk and fruit tree beta pruning, through charing production charcoal base organic fertilizer, are capable of achieving reduction of greenhouse gas discharge in the present invention, use
When help to slow down greenhouse effects.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is Technology Roadmap of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the aerobic fermentation tank schematic diagram of secondary aerobic fermentation of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Experimental technique used in following embodiments is conventional method unless otherwise specified.
Material used, reagent etc. in following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, commercially obtain.
Embodiment 1,
1st, pig manure, kitchen garbage, waste dish, the C/N of sludge are respectively 15.58,17,2.72,6.29, and moisture content is respectively
70%th, 62.35%, 94.72%, 72.68%, by feces of livestock and poultry, rubbish from cooking, vegetables waste dish, the ratio of domestic sludge 1:
0.66:0.41:0.42 mixing；
2nd, straw straw (the moisture content 10% or so) chopping that will be dried, chopping degree is 1-3cm, used as conditioner and step
Material is well mixed in rapid 1, and it is 25-30 that mixed material moisture content is adjusted to 65% or so, C/N；(raw material is agriculture to add charcoal
Crop material and/or fruit tree beta pruning are (specific to use maize straw and apple branch 1:1), carbonization temperature can be 400 DEG C, carbonization time
Can be 1h) 12%, mixture composting is placed in aerobic fermentation tank (as shown in Figure 2), supplied with small blast fan, every half an hour
Once, ventilation time is 5min for blast aeration, and ventilation is 0.4 (Lkg-1·min-1), every turning in 7 days once, by 30 days
Aerobic fermentation, organic waste product appearance is in dark brown, short texture.Outer natural air drying to the moisture content of dislocation tank is less than
35%, after be ground into loose powdery with chain type pulverizer.Granulation is extruded in the material input Squeezinggranulator that will be crushed.To squeeze
It is spherical particle by particle shaping in the cylindrical particle input disk trimmer of pressing formation.By spherical particle put into dryer in,
Drying to moisture is less than 18%, then is cooled to less than 35 DEG C through cooler, is packed after the particle after above-mentioned cooling is sieved
Storage, that is, obtain charcoal base organic fertilizer.
Charcoal base organic fertilizer obtained in the present invention is used to plant rape, 3 kinds has been done and has been processed and contrast.At the first
Reason：Chemical fertilizer (urea) is only applied, amount of application is 30kg/ mus；Second treatment：Using only the charcoal base organic fertilizer that the present invention is made,
Amount of application 150kg/ mus；The third treatment：Using chemical fertilizer (urea)+charcoal base organic fertilizer of the present invention, amount of application is chemical fertilizer 30kg/
Mu, organic fertilizer 75kg/ mus；Result is as shown in table 1.From table 1 below, although using charcoal base organic fertilizer yield of the present invention less than change
Fertilizer, but soil organic matter content raising；Chemical fertilizer volume increase 9.7% is administered alone using the pattern ratio of charcoal base organic fertilizer+chemical fertilizer.From length
From the point of view of phase, charcoal base organic fertilizer of the present invention has enhancing fertilizer efficiency, slows down the effect of nutriment loss.
The effect of the different fertilizer application of table 1
Claims (9)
1. a kind of charcoal base organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that：Aerobic fermentation is made after it is mixed by mixed material and charcoal；
The mixed material is organic waste and the mixed material of conditioner；
The organic waste includes at least one in feces of livestock and poultry, rubbish from cooking, vegetables waste dish and domestic sludge；
The conditioner includes at least one in agricultural crop straw, wood chip and the rice husk crushed；
The butt quality of the mixed material is 1 with the mass ratio of the charcoal：0.06~0.24.
2. charcoal base organic fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The moisture content of the mixed material be 60%~
70%；
The carbon nitrogen content of the mixed material can be 25~30；
The raw material for preparing the charcoal includes agricultural crop straw and/or fruit tree beta pruning；
The moisture content of the charcoal is 10%~20%；
The particle diameter of the charcoal is 5~10mm.
3. charcoal base organic fertilizer according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：The organic waste includes the livestock and poultry
Excrement, the rubbish from cooking, the vegetables waste dish and the domestic sludge；
The feces of livestock and poultry, the rubbish from cooking, the vegetables waste dish are 1 with the beginning weight in wet base mass ratio of the domestic sludge：0.6
~0.7：0.35~0.5：0.35~0.5.
4. the charcoal base organic fertilizer according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that：The process of the aerobic fermentation is such as
Under：Every half an hour blast aeration once, ventilation time is 5~7min, and ventilation is 0.3~0.4 (Lkg-1·min-1),
Once, the time of the aerobic fermentation is 20~30 days for every turning in 5~7 days.
5. the preparation method of the charcoal base organic fertilizer any one of claim 1-4, comprises the following steps：By the organic waste
Gurry and the conditioner are mixed to get the mixed material, and the mixed material mixes with the charcoal, then enters to act charitably
Aerobe fermentation, that is, obtain the charcoal base organic fertilizer.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Also include after the aerobic fermentation in methods described
The step of product granulation, drying.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The operation of the granulation is：By the aerobic fermentation
Product natural air drying to moisture content is less than 35% afterwards, crushes powdering, and extruding granulation obtains cylindrical particle, then by the particle
It is shaped as spherical particle.
8. the preparation method according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterised in that：The temperature of the drying is 60~80 DEG C；
After carrying out the drying, the moisture content of the charcoal base organic fertilizer is 10%~18%.
9. according to any one of claim 5-8 to described preparation method, it is characterised in that：The process of the aerobic fermentation is such as
Under：Every half an hour blast aeration once, ventilation time is 5~7min, and ventilation is 0.3~0.4 (Lkg-1·min-1),
Once, the time of the aerobic fermentation is 20~40 days for every turning in 5~7 days.
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Cited By (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107721676A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-02-23 | 定远县权达新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of carbon-based fertilizer of composite highly effective |
| CN108002954A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-05-08 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | A kind of agricultural wastes anaerobic-aerobic balances fermentation process |
| CN108046855A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-05-18 | 中信重工机械股份有限公司 | A kind of hot fermentation is preposition to strengthen organic fertilizer production technique |
| CN108101648A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-01 | 安徽蒙特尔肥业有限公司 | A kind of family planting organic fertilizer and its preparation process |
| CN108284115A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-07-17 | 周萍 | A kind of method and apparatus rapidly and efficiently handling organic waste |
| CN108329133A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-07-27 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of charcoal soil conditioner and preparation method thereof of kitchen garbage processing |
| CN108383579A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-08-10 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | A kind of biogas residue quick aerobic fermentation method |
| CN108863679A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2018-11-23 | 鞍钢集团矿业有限公司 | A kind of iron tailings soil organism modifying agent and its application |
| CN108911847A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-11-30 | 北京三聚绿能科技有限公司 | A kind of biomass carbon base organic composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN109369287A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-02-22 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of charcoal base synergy compost and its production method and application |
| CN109384602A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2019-02-26 | 临沂清春高蛋白植物研究院 | A kind of vegetables gurry organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN109608282A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-04-12 | 南昌工程学院 | A kind of biomass carbon base organic fertilizer compost and its preparation method and application |
| CN109608289A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-04-12 | 邯郸市农业科学院 | A kind of corn special-purpose fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN110496853A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-11-26 | 杭州楠溪生态环境科技有限公司 | A method of improving Soil self-purification |
| CN110627574A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2019-12-31 | 西北农林科技大学 | Biochar organic compound soil curing modifier and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112830836A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-05-25 | 新疆河润水业有限责任公司 | Preparation method of microbial agent fermented and decomposed organic fertilizer |
| CN113582780A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-11-02 | 中国科学院城市环境研究所 | Phosphorus-rich and silicon-rich compost product prepared by adding yellow phosphorus slag and production method thereof |
| CN113678711A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-11-23 | 台州市农业科学研究院 | Treatment method and application of high-water-content agricultural waste |
| CN114057516A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-02-18 | 海南大学 | Method for preventing and treating insect pests by composting fallen leaves and waste branches of large-leaf peach blossom heartwood |
| CN114532168A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-05-27 | 南京市蔬菜科学研究所(南京市花卉科学研究所) | Method for producing watermelon and melon seedling raising substrate by using kitchen garbage |
| CN115141054A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2022-10-04 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Preparation method and application of double-fermentation type biochar-based organic fertilizer |
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| CN107721676A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-02-23 | 定远县权达新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of carbon-based fertilizer of composite highly effective |
| CN108284115A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-07-17 | 周萍 | A kind of method and apparatus rapidly and efficiently handling organic waste |
| CN108002954A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-05-08 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | A kind of agricultural wastes anaerobic-aerobic balances fermentation process |
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| CN108046855A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-05-18 | 中信重工机械股份有限公司 | A kind of hot fermentation is preposition to strengthen organic fertilizer production technique |
| CN108383579A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-08-10 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | A kind of biogas residue quick aerobic fermentation method |
| CN108329133A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-07-27 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of charcoal soil conditioner and preparation method thereof of kitchen garbage processing |
| CN110627574A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2019-12-31 | 西北农林科技大学 | Biochar organic compound soil curing modifier and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN108863679A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2018-11-23 | 鞍钢集团矿业有限公司 | A kind of iron tailings soil organism modifying agent and its application |
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| CN110496853A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-11-26 | 杭州楠溪生态环境科技有限公司 | A method of improving Soil self-purification |
| CN112830836A (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2021-05-25 | 新疆河润水业有限责任公司 | Preparation method of microbial agent fermented and decomposed organic fertilizer |
| CN114532168A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-05-27 | 南京市蔬菜科学研究所(南京市花卉科学研究所) | Method for producing watermelon and melon seedling raising substrate by using kitchen garbage |
| CN115141054A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2022-10-04 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Preparation method and application of double-fermentation type biochar-based organic fertilizer |
| CN113582780A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-11-02 | 中国科学院城市环境研究所 | Phosphorus-rich and silicon-rich compost product prepared by adding yellow phosphorus slag and production method thereof |
| CN113678711A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-11-23 | 台州市农业科学研究院 | Treatment method and application of high-water-content agricultural waste |
| CN114057516A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-02-18 | 海南大学 | Method for preventing and treating insect pests by composting fallen leaves and waste branches of large-leaf peach blossom heartwood |
| WO2023092791A1 (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-06-01 | 海南大学 | Method for controlling insect pests by means of composting fallen leaves and waste branches of swietenia macrophylla |
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Application publication date: 20170707 |