CN106924877A - A kind of cardiac pacing frequency self-adaption method based on right ventricle blood heat - Google Patents
A kind of cardiac pacing frequency self-adaption method based on right ventricle blood heat Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of cardiac pacing frequency self-adaption method based on right ventricle blood heat of the present invention, the step of execution according to following circulating repetitions, responds to right ventricle blood temperature signal, control tranquillization state, step response state and motion three kinds of switchings of state of a control of state；Step 1, gathers right ventricle blood temperature signal, and calculate right ventricle blood heat rate of change according to the right ventricle blood heat sampling period；Step 2, inquires about pacemaker current control state, if current control state is tranquillization state, is transferred to step 3；If step response state, then be transferred to step 4；If motion state, then be transferred to step 5；Step 3, when pacemaker current control state is tranquillization state, alignment processing is done to right ventricle blood temperature signal；Step 4, when pacemaker current control state is step response state, alignment processing is done to right ventricle blood temperature signal；Step 5, when pacemaker current control state is for motion state, alignment processing is done to right ventricle blood temperature signal.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biomedical engineering field, it is related to pacemaker pace-making frequency adaptive regulation method, specifically
It is a kind of cardiac pacing frequency self-adaption method based on right ventricle blood heat.
Background technology
Preferably with pace-making frequency adaptation function pacemaker for user's varying strength motion and
Other metabolism need as naturally as possible imitate the function of normal heart sinoatrial node when such as anxiety, stress and fever,
For body provides timely, appropriate blood supply.So as to adjust the cardiac output and the tolerance to motion of user, hence it is evident that change
Kind life quality.
Compared with the pace-making frequency Adaptable System of other parameters is perceived, the pacing frequency of right ventricle blood heat is perceived certainly
Adaptive system is reflected by the mixing temperature of temperature sensor detection whole body venous return blood everywhere by right ventricle blood heat
Information is produced with the heat that whole body metabolism is closely related, corresponding adjustment is made to cardiac pacing frequency accordingly, so as to reach
To the purpose of regulation cardiac output.But in conventional practical application, the pacing frequency for perceiving right ventricle blood heat is adaptive
Answering system using the electrode with special design temperature sensor, and must cannot use normal electrode wire, and this is greatly limited
Made perceive right ventricle blood heat pacing frequency Adaptable System clinical application range, cause it is several in the market can not
Perceive the pacing frequency Adaptable System of right ventricle blood heat.In recent years, with the appearance without wire pacemaker, perceive
Can be placed in without wire pacemaker inside temperature sensor no longer by the pacing frequency Adaptable System of right ventricle blood heat
The electrode system with additional designs temperature sensor is needed to use, the complexity and cost of system is not only reduced, and
Increased the reliability of system.Under the joint effect of above-mentioned factor, the pacing frequency self adaptation of right ventricle blood heat is perceived
System future may clinically obtain relatively broad application.
The principal element for determining the pacing frequency Adaptable System performance for perceiving right ventricle blood heat is to perceive right ventricle
The pacing frequency adaptive algorithm of blood heat.In history, William A.Cook et al. proposed Kelvin in 1985
500 serial pacing frequency adaptive algorithms, the method is provided with four right ventricle blood heat rate of change threshold values, i.e. motion frequency
Rate switching max-thresholds HX, motion frequency switching minimum threshold HN, tranquillization frequency error factor max-thresholds LX and tranquillization frequency are cut
Change minimum threshold LN.Determine pacing frequency in tranquillization with the relative size of above-mentioned threshold value with the rate of change of right ventricle blood heat
Frequency HR, mutually switches between intermediate frequency Hinc and motion frequency HE.Meanwhile, it is typical that the algorithm is also provided with the motion initial stage
Detection and response mechanism that right ventricle blood heat declines, once the motion initial stage is detected because of the relatively low environment of temperature and blood vessel
It is unexpected that diastole cause largely to flow through the temperature reduction caused by the blood backflow right ventricle of periphery, and algorithm does not reduce pace-making frequency not only
Rate, it is rapid in a stepped manner on the contrary to improve pacing frequency, to meet rapid demand of the body to blood.But the algorithm rise
Frequency of fighting is only limitted to tranquillization frequency, three values of intermediate frequency and motion frequency, and the conversion between different pacing frequencies and injustice
It is sliding, react and differ with the sinoatrial node under physiological situation, the convalescence particularly after stop motion, right ventricle blood heat
Normal reduction may be erroneously interpreted as the motion initial stage blood heat decline, cause algorithm continue improve pacing frequency so that
The normal recovery of pacing frequency and right ventricle blood heat is delayed.Limited by algorithm self structure simultaneously, Kelvin 500
The slowly varying generation response of the right ventricle blood heat that algorithm can not cause to factors such as circadian rhythms.
United States Patent (USP) 4,688,573 discloses Nova MR series pacing frequency adaptive algorithms.Pacing frequency in the algorithm
Controlled by tranquillization curve and a series of curve movement.Tranquillization curve K2 describes pace-making of the normal individual under non-athletic state
The relation of frequency-right ventricle blood heat.One group of curve movement K1 being parallel to each other, different motion have been superimposed on tranquillization curve
Slope of a curve is identical and is significantly higher than the slope of tranquillization curve K2, and curve movement controls pacemaker under motion state frequently
Rate.When user is in non-athletic state, the adjustment of pacing frequency is controlled by tranquillization curve K2, once right ventricle blood heat
The rate of changing with time meets or exceeds the slope threshold value of setting, and the control of pacing frequency is turned to originated in and be somebody's turn to do on tranquillization curve K2
The curve movement K1 of the absolute temperature correspondence operating point at moment.In motion process, persistently right ventricle blood heat is detected at any time
Between rate of change, if less than setting slope threshold value, and exceeding some cycles by curve movement control duration, then pacing frequency
Control will be increasingly turned to tranquillization curve K2.The algorithm, can be with because the pacing frequency under non-athletic state is by tranquillization curve controlled
The slowly varying of right ventricle blood heat that the factors such as the rhythm and pace of moving things cause is responded.But in motion initial stage right ventricle blood heat
Before decline reaches given threshold, pacing frequency still occurs of short duration decline, meanwhile, control by tranquillization curve turns corresponding sports
The process of curve is nor smooth.This 2 points is different from the sinoatrial node reaction under physiological situation.
Canadian Patent 1,312,923 discloses Intermedics Circadia series pacing frequency adaptive algorithms.
In the algorithm, pacing frequency is made up of four pacing frequency components, pacing frequency component based on difference, natural response components,
Dynamic response component and step response component.Wherein basic pacing frequency component is default user rising under quiescent condition
Fight frequency, representative value is 70bpm；The heart of natural response components approximate descriptions normal work to by body rhythm, fever etc.
The response of the slow temperature change that factor is caused；Motor imagination component statement is fast by the right ventricle blood heat that motion etc. causes
The response of speed change；Step response component statement right heart caused by it detect the motion initial stage due to the backflow of a large amount of peripheral bloods
The quick pacing frequency step increments that room blood heat is provided when declining.The right ventricle that the algorithm can cause to factors such as the rhythm and pace of moving things
The slowly varying response of blood heat.But it is similar with Nova MR algorithms, the algorithm declines in motion initial stage right ventricle blood heat
When pacing frequency be likely to undesirable reduction occur.
United States Patent (USP) 5,005,574 discloses the serial pacing frequency adaptive algorithms of Kelvin 510.In the algorithm, target
Frequency is made up of five pacing frequency response components, respectively fundamental frequency component LR, draws with natural cause such as rhythm and pace of moving things, fever etc.
The response component DIU of the right ventricle blood change correlation for rising, the response point related to right ventricle blood heat rate of change absolute value
Amount DT, right ventricle blood temperature in the response component STX related to the right ventricle blood heat fall that motion causes, and motion
Spend the response component TXB related relative to the increment of local minimum.The algorithm will not be due to right ventricle blood at the motion initial stage
The of short duration decline of temperature causes the decline of pacing frequency, but with serial similar, the convalescences after exercise of Kelvin 500, the right heart
The blood heat that the normal reduction of room blood heat may be erroneously interpreted as the motion initial stage declines, and causes algorithm to continue to improve pace-making
Frequency, so as to delay the normal recovery of pacing frequency and right ventricle blood heat.
In sum, the existing frequency self-adaption method and preferable pace-making frequency self adaptation for perceiving right ventricle blood heat
Gap is still present between method, the right ventricle blood heat section by introducings such as rhythm and pace of moving things when can not respond tranquillization state is mainly manifested in
Rule etc. it is slowly varying, motion initial stage temperature drop, postexercise recovery phase blood heat decline equitemperature change correct explanation with
Response, and switching transition between pacing frequency does not meet the aspects such as the response of normal heart sinoatrial node.
The content of the invention
For problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of cardiac pacing based on right ventricle blood heat frequently
Rate adaptive approach, judges athletic load, and set by calculating the feature such as change slope of right ventricle blood heat
The adjustment speed of motion initial stage pacing frequency, motion platform phase pacing frequency and after motion pacing frequency regeneration rate with
Exercise load is directly related, controls pacemaker to be changed with reality between tranquillization state, step response state and motion state by algorithm
The pacing frequency adaptive approach of existing approximate ideal.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of pacemaker pacing frequency adaptive approach based on right ventricle blood heat, according to following circulating repetitions
The step of execution, right ventricle blood temperature signal is responded, control tranquillization state, the three kinds of controls of step response state and motion state
The switching of state processed；
Step 1, gathers right ventricle blood temperature signal, and calculate right ventricle blood according to the right ventricle blood heat sampling period
Liquid rate temperature change；
Step 2, inquires about pacemaker current control state, if current control state is tranquillization state, is transferred to step 3 and processes；
If current control state is step response state, it is transferred to step 4 and processes；If current control state is motion state, step 5 is transferred to
Treatment；
Step 3, when pacemaker current control state is tranquillization state, following treatment is done to right ventricle blood temperature signal；
If detection right ventricle blood heat declines, it is right that each threshold value in fall off rate and step response trigger condition is carried out
Than；Step response trigger condition is unsatisfactory for, then pacemaker maintains tranquillization state, satisfaction then triggers step response；
If detecting the rising of right ventricle blood heat, climbing speed is judged that right ventricle blood heat rises with motion starting
Rate-valve value is contrasted；Tranquillization state is no more than then maintained, is set to pacemaker current control state more than then to move state；
Step 4, when pacemaker current control state is step response state, following place is done to right ventricle blood temperature signal
Reason；By state and trend to default step response maximum maintenance phase right ventricle blood heat, judge right with motion starting
Myocardial blood temperature rate-of-rise threshold value carries out contrast judgement, then pacemaker current control state is set into tranquillization state or holding
For step response state or be set to move state；
Step 5, when pacemaker current control state is for motion state, following treatment is done to right ventricle blood temperature signal；Sentence
Disconnected right ventricle blood heat rapid decrease flag value, and right ventricle blood heat state is detected, fortune dynamic frequency is carried out
Maintain or adjust or be switched to tranquillization state.
Preferably, in the step 1, pacemaker uses collection with phase collection measurement right ventricle blood heat between fixation
The right ventricle blood heat value for arriving updates right ventricle blood heat caching array, and right ventricle blood temperature is calculated with element in the array
Degree rate of change, its unit for DEG C/sec.
Further, when updating the right ventricle blood heat caching array that length is 6；Abandon earliest right ventricle in the array
Blood heat measured value, and remaining element is sequentially moved up, newest measured value is stored in right ventricle blood heat caching number
The first place of group.
Further, shown in the calculation of right ventricle blood heat rate of change such as formula (1)；
TCS=[TB (6)+TB (5)+TB (4)-TB (3)-TB (2)-TB (1)]/(P*3) (1)
In above formula TCS be by DEG C/sec in units of right ventricle blood heat rate of change；TB is slow for right ventricle blood heat
Poke group, array length is 6；P is the right ventricle blood heat sampling period.
Preferably, the treatment conditions of step 3 and treatment action are described in detail below,
If 3.1 detect right ventricle blood heat decline, and fall off rate is right more than or equal to triggering step response
Myocardial blood temperature drop rate-valve value, while whether detection right ventricle blood heat fall is more than or equal to triggering respectively
Whether the duration of tranquillization state is more than or equal to triggering before step response right ventricle blood heat fall threshold value, with the point
Step response tranquillization state duration threshold；
If the condition of above-mentioned step response triggering has one not up to, pacemaker current control state is continuously maintained at
Tranquillization state；
If above-mentioned step response trigger condition reaches, above-mentioned step response trigger condition is met, then trigger step
Response, it is step response state to set pacemaker current control state, while step response increment is added in pacing frequency is expected,
Tranquillization state timing variable is reset, and step response triggering marking variable is put 1；
If 3.2 detect the decline of right ventricle blood heat, and fall off rate less than triggering step response right ventricle blood temperature
Fall off rate threshold value is spent, then pacemaker current control state maintains tranquillization state, and only pacing frequency is made adjustment；By right ventricle
Blood heat fall off rate is stored in right ventricle blood heat fall off rate array, until element number reaches setting in the array
Pacing frequency is adjusted during value, now, is expected shown in the calculating such as formula (2) of pacing frequency,
R=R-RD × (DS (1)+...+DS (MDSC)) × P (2)
Wherein, R represents the expectation pacing frequency that frequency adaptive algorithm determines according to current right ventricle blood heat；RD is
Corresponding to the expectation pacing frequency adjustment amount that every degree Celsius of right ventricle blood heat declines；DS represents that right ventricle blood heat declines
Speed array, MDSC is storage element maximum number in the default array；P is the right ventricle blood heat sampling period；
Updated with the expectation pacing frequency that obtains and adjust current pacing frequency and empty reduction of speed under right ventricle blood heat
Rate array；Hereafter formula (3) calculating that a right ventricle blood heat rate of change for meeting above-mentioned condition is used often is obtained
Expect pacing frequency：
R=R-RD × Abs (TCS) × P (3)
Updated with the expectation pace-making obtained by formula (3) and adjust current pacing frequency, TCS represents the right heart in formula (3)
Room blood heat rate of change, its unit for DEG C/sec；
Judge whether to reach tranquillization by tranquillization state right ventricle blood heat peak value reset cycle timing variable inspection simultaneously
The reset time of state right ventricle blood heat peak value；When the reset time of tranquillization state right ventricle blood heat peak value is reached by the right side
Myocardial blood temperature peak resets to current right ventricle blood heat average, while tranquillization state right ventricle blood heat is updated to
Current right ventricle blood heat average；
If 3.3 detect now right ventricle blood heat rise, and climbing speed judges right ventricle blood less than motion starting
Liquid temperature rate-of-rise threshold value, now state of a control maintain tranquillization state, only adjust pacing frequency；If under right ventricle blood heat
There is element in reduction of speed rate array, then corresponding expectation pacing frequency adjustment amount is first calculated with formula (4)：
Δ=RD × [DS (1)+...+DS (MDSC)] × P (4)
In above formula, Δ is the expectation pacing frequency adjustment corresponding to element in right ventricle blood heat fall off rate array
Amount；RD is the expectation pacing frequency adjustment amount declined corresponding to every degree Celsius of right ventricle blood heat；DS is right ventricle blood temperature
Degree fall off rate array, MDSC is the maximum number that element can be deposited in the default array；P samples for right ventricle blood heat
Cycle.
Expect that pacing frequency is calculated according to formula (5)：
R=R+RR × TCS × P- Δs (5)
The expectation pacing frequency that above formula is obtained updates and adjusts pacing frequency and preserve current pacing frequency for tranquillization state
Pacing frequency；
Right ventricle blood heat fall off rate array is emptied, judges whether to reach tranquillization state right ventricle blood heat peak value weight
The time is put, if so, right ventricle blood heat peak value and tranquillization state right ventricle blood heat then are reset into current right ventricle blood
Temperature average；Otherwise compare right ventricle blood heat peak value and current right ventricle blood heat average, if right ventricle blood heat
Peak value is less than current right ventricle blood heat average, then right ventricle blood heat peak value is updated into current right ventricle blood heat
Average；
If 3.4 detect the rising of right ventricle blood heat, and climbing speed judges right ventricle more than or equal to motion starting
Blood heat climbing speed threshold value, empties right ventricle blood heat rate of change array, and pacemaker current control state is set
It is set to motion state.
Preferably, the treatment conditions of step 4 and treatment action are described in detail below,
If 4.1 maintain end of term right ventricle blood heat continuous decrease until default step response is maximum, or rise and on
Rise speed and judge right ventricle blood heat climbing speed threshold value less than motion starting always, then set pacemaker current control state
Tranquillization state is set to, correspondingly, adjustment expects that pacing frequency subtracts step response increment for current pacing frequency, and resets step sound
Answer state duration timing variable and step response triggering marking variable；
If the 4.2 right ventricle blood heat reductions within the default step response maximum maintenance phase, or right ventricle blood heat
Climbing speed judges right ventricle blood heat climbing speed threshold value less than motion starting, then remain in that pacemaker currently controls shape
State is step response state, does not adjust pacing frequency；
If 4.3 detect the rising of right ventricle blood heat, and climbing speed judges right ventricle more than or equal to motion starting
Blood heat climbing speed threshold value, then empty right ventricle blood heat rate of change array and set pacemaker current control state
It is set to motion state.
Preferably, the treatment conditions of step 5 and treatment action are described in detail below,
5.1 judge right ventricle blood heat rapid decrease flag value, right ventricle blood heat rapid decrease flag
For identifying whether the moment front right myocardial blood temperature lives through rapid decrease；
If right ventricle blood heat rapid decrease flag is 1, show that the moment detects before this section fortune is dynamic
By the rapid decrease of right ventricle blood heat caused by stop motion, current time is in post exercise convalescence；
If right ventricle blood heat rapid decrease flag is 0, judge current time still in the motion phase；
If detecting, right ventricle blood heat rises and right ventricle blood heat rapid decrease flag value is 0, first
Judge whether to have determined that fortune dynamic stability frequency；
If not determining, first with a fixed pacing frequency increment, increase adjustment pacing frequency, until increasing to predetermined
Value；The right ventricle blood heat rate of change that the phase is calculated between each temperature sampling is stored in the motion early stage right heart during this period
Room blood heat climbing speed array；When expecting that pacing frequency increases to preset value on motion early stage right ventricle blood heat
Rise speed array in right ventricle blood heat rate of change counted, according to right ventricle blood heat rate of change average with
The relative size of right ventricle blood heat climbing speed separation judges athletic load grade, so as to select corresponding motion
State stabilization frequency；
If it has been determined that if with corresponding to athletic load grade pacing frequency adjustment speed adjust pacing frequency until
Corresponding fortune dynamic stability frequency；
If 5.2 detect the decline of right ventricle blood heat, and fall off rate less than motion stop technology right ventricle blood temperature
Degree fall off rate threshold value, while it is 0 to inquire about right ventricle blood heat rapid decrease flag this moment, does not then adjust pacing frequency,
It is motion state to maintain pacemaker current control state；
If 5.3 detect the decline of right ventricle blood heat, and fall off rate more than motion stop technology right ventricle blood temperature
Degree fall off rate threshold value, or inquiry this moment right ventricle blood heat rapid decrease flag be 1, then with fortune dynamic stability frequency
Related pacing frequency adjustment rate reduction pacing frequency is until the tranquillization state pacing frequency preserved under tranquillization state；
If right ventricle blood heat has already decreased to ± 0.2 DEG C of the tranquillization state right ventricle blood heat preserved under tranquillization state
In the range of, then pacemaker current control state is converted into tranquillization state, while step response is triggered into marking variable, motion state is steady
Determine the marking variable such as frequency and right ventricle blood heat rapid decrease flag and return to initial value.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial technique effect：
The present invention in response slowly varying to right ventricle blood heat, with right ventricle blood heat amplitude of variation into just
The expectation pacing frequency adjustment amount adjustment pacing frequency of ratio, therefore in right ventricle blood heat because rhythm and pace of moving things and emotional change etc. occur
During fluctuation, the property of can adapt to pacing frequency is adjusted；The present invention quickly changes in the right ventricle blood heat to being caused by motion
During response, there is provided multiple optional fortune dynamic stability frequencies, can be by moving early stage right ventricle blood heat climbing speed
After the right ventricle blood heat rate of change stored in array distinguishes athletic load, and provide related to athletic load
Pacing frequency；Meanwhile, during the recovery after the climbing speed of motion initial stage pacing frequency and stop motion under pacing frequency
Reduction of speed rate is all directly related to the athletic load distinguished；The present invention possesses what motion initial stage right ventricle blood heat was fallen
Detection and step response mechanism, can avoid of short duration decline occur in motion initial stage pacing frequency.These characteristics cause to be based on
The pacemaker pacing frequency adaptive approach of right ventricle blood heat more meets the physiological responses of normal sinoatrial node.
The present invention is conducive to the popularization and application of the frequency adaptive algorithm for perceiving right ventricle blood heat, is conducive to being to use
Person provides and more meets physiological property, pacing frequency Automatic adjusument function closer to normal sinus node function, is conducive to
Medical treatment cost is reduced, increases the reliability of Implanted cardiac pacemaker, be conducive to improving the life quality of user.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the state transition graph described in present example.
Fig. 2 is that the underload exercise intensity bottom right myocardial blood temperature described in present example is imitative with pacing frequency change
True figure.
Fig. 3 is that the middle load exercise intensity bottom right myocardial blood temperature described in present example is imitative with pacing frequency change
True figure.
Fig. 4 is that the multiple moving condition bottom right myocardial blood temperature described in present example changes emulation with pacing frequency
Figure.
Fig. 5 be present example described in motion latter stage temperature increase rate reduction under the conditions of right ventricle blood heat with
Pacing frequency changes analogous diagram.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, it is described be explanation of the invention and
It is not to limit.
The present invention is in order to solve present in the existing pacemaker frequency self-adaption method based on right ventricle blood heat not
It is extensive after being changed and moved initial stage temperature drop slowly, moved by the right ventricle blood heat of the introducings such as the rhythm and pace of moving things when responding tranquillization state
The problems such as multiple phase blood heat declines the correct explanation of equitemperature change with response, it is proposed that one kind is based on right ventricle blood heat
Pacemaker pacing frequency adaptive approach.
The present invention judges athletic load by calculating the feature such as change slope of right ventricle blood heat, and sets
The adjustment speed of motion initial stage pacing frequency, motion platform phase pacing frequency and after motion pacing frequency regeneration rate with
Exercise load is directly related, controls pacemaker to be changed with reality between tranquillization state, step response state and motion state by algorithm
The pacing frequency adaptive approach of existing approximate ideal.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of pacemaker pacing frequency adaptive approach based on right ventricle blood heat of the present invention, bag
Include following three kinds of states：Tranquillization state, step response state and motion state.Wherein, pacemaker only generates heat the rhythm and pace of moving things under tranquillization state
Deng the gradual temperature signal response of low frequency；Pacemaker perceives the temperature drop at motion initial stage under step response state, with step response
Mode improve pacing frequency rapidly, to meet rapid demand of the body to blood；In the case where state is moved, pace-making frequency is negative with motion
Lotus is directly related.Pacemaker updates right ventricle with phase collection measurement right ventricle blood heat between the fixation of several seconds to ten several seconds
Blood heat caches array, and preferred length is 6：Earliest right ventricle blood heat measured value in the array is abandoned, and will be remaining
Lower each element sequentially upward displacement, right ventricle blood heat caching array is placed in by the newest measured value of right ventricle blood heat
It is the first.Calculate on this basis by DEG C/sec in units of right ventricle blood heat rate of change, inquiry pacemaker currently control shape
State, if pacemaker current control state is tranquillization state, is processed according to following (1)；If pacemaker current control state
It is step response state, then is processed according to following (2)；If pacemaker current control state is motion state, according to following
(3) processed.Treatment under current control state to right ventricle blood heat variable signal can be carried out according to following entry：
(1) treatment under tranquillization state；
I. treatment conditions：The decline of right ventricle blood heat, and fall off rate are detected more than or equal to triggering step response
Right ventricle blood heat fall off rate threshold value, and right ventricle blood heat fall with tranquillization state before that moment when continuing
Length respectively reaches triggering step response right ventricle blood heat fall threshold value and triggering step response tranquillization state duration threshold
Requirement.
Treatment is acted：Triggering step response, pacemaker current control state is set to step response state, is correspondingly expecting
Step response increment is added in pacing frequency, while resetting the step response triggering marking variable of tranquillization state timing variable juxtaposition 1；
II. treatment conditions：The decline of right ventricle blood heat, and fall off rate are detected less than triggering step response right ventricle
Blood heat fall off rate threshold value.
Treatment is acted：Pacemaker current control state is continuously maintained at tranquillization state, while adjusting pacing frequency：By right ventricle
Blood heat rate of change is stored in right ventricle blood heat fall off rate array, until element number reaches setting in the array
Value, it is preferable that for 10 when, calculate and adjust pacing frequency, computing formula such as formula (1) institute of expectation pacing frequency now
Show,
R=R-RD × (DS (1)+...+DS (MDSC)) × P (1)
R is expectation pacing frequency now in above formula；RD is corresponding to every degree Celsius of phase of decline of right ventricle blood heat
Pacing frequency adjustment amount is hoped, 6bpm/ DEG C is typically may be set to；DS is right ventricle blood heat fall off rate array, and MDSC is pre-
If right ventricle blood heat fall off rate array length；P is the right ventricle blood heat sampling period for using.Calculating and adjusting
It is whole now to expect that tranquillization state pacing frequency is updated while pacing frequency to be current pacing frequency and empty right ventricle blood heat
Fall off rate array.If the new right ventricle blood heat fall off rate for hereafter often obtaining meet the treatment conditions of the entry i.e. by
Illuminated (2) is calculated and adjustment pacing frequency,
R=R-RD × Abs (TCS) × P (2)
R is expectation pacing frequency now in formula (2)；RD is the phase declined corresponding to every degree Celsius of right ventricle blood heat
Pacing frequency adjustment amount is hoped, 6bpm/ DEG C is typically may be set to；TCS be by DEG C/sec in units of right ventricle blood heat change speed
Rate；P is the right ventricle blood heat sampling period for using.It is current pacing frequency also to need to update tranquillization state pacing frequency simultaneously.
Now judge whether the reset time of arrival tranquillization state right ventricle blood heat peak value.Preferably, tranquillization state is set
The reset cycle of right ventricle blood heat peak value is 2 minutes, and tranquillization state is updated while right ventricle blood heat peak value is reset
Right ventricle blood heat is the average of nearest 3 measured temperatures in current right ventricle blood heat caching array；
III. treatment conditions：The rising of right ventricle blood heat is detected, and climbing speed judges the right heart less than motion starting
Room blood heat climbing speed threshold value.
Treatment is acted：Pacemaker current control state maintains tranquillization state, only adjusts pacing frequency：If now right ventricle blood
Element is retained in temperature drop speed array, then calculates that element in the array is corresponding to expect pacing frequency adjustment amount by formula (3),
Δ=RD × [DS (1)+...+DS (MDSC)] × P (3)
Δ is the expectation pacing frequency adjustment amount corresponding to element in right ventricle blood heat fall off rate array in above formula；
RD is the expectation pacing frequency adjustment amount declined corresponding to every degree Celsius of right ventricle blood heat, typically may be set to 6bpm/ DEG C；
DS is right ventricle blood heat fall off rate array, and MDSC is the maximum number that element can be deposited in the default array；P is the right side
The myocardial blood temperature sampling cycle.Then formula (4) is utilized to calculate expectation pacing frequency this moment,
R=R+RR × TCS × P- Δs (4)
R represents expectation pacing frequency now in above formula；RR is to rise corresponding to every degree Celsius of right ventricle blood heat
Expect pacing frequency adjustment amount, typically may be set to 12bpm/ DEG C；TCS represent by DEG C/sec in units of right ventricle blood heat
Rate of change, P is the right ventricle blood heat sampling period.Δ is formula (3) calculating corresponding to reduction of speed under right ventricle blood heat
The expectation pacing frequency adjustment amount of element in rate array.The expectation pacing frequency for being calculated using above formula simultaneously is updated tranquillization state and paced
Frequency simultaneously judges whether to reach the time for resetting tranquillization state right ventricle blood heat peak value, if then resetting tranquillization state right ventricle blood
Liquid temperature peak and update tranquillization state right ventricle blood heat for current right ventricle blood heat caching array in nearest 3 right hearts
The average of room temperature measured value；
IV. treatment conditions：The rising of right ventricle blood heat is detected, and climbing speed judges more than or equal to motion starting
Right ventricle blood heat climbing speed threshold value.
Treatment is acted：Right ventricle blood heat fall off rate array is emptied, and pacemaker current control state is set to
Motion state.
(2) treatment under step response state；
V. treatment conditions：Right ventricle blood heat is detected until step response is maximum when maintaining the end of term still continuous decrease,
Or climbing speed judges right ventricle blood heat climbing speed threshold value less than motion starting always.
Treatment is acted：Pacemaker current control state is set to tranquillization state, correspondingly, is subtracted from expectation pacing frequency
Step response increment, and reset step response duration timing variable and step response triggering marking variable.
VI. treatment conditions：The right ventricle blood heat within the step response maximum maintenance phase is detected to decline, or right ventricle
Blood heat rises but climbing speed judges right ventricle blood heat climbing speed threshold value less than motion starting
Treatment is acted：Pacemaker current control state continues to be step response state, does not adjust pacing frequency.
VII. treatment conditions：Detect the rising of right ventricle blood heat and climbing speed judges more than or equal to motion starting
Right ventricle blood heat climbing speed threshold value.
Treatment is acted：Empty right ventricle blood heat rate of change array and pacemaker current control state is set to fortune
Dynamic.
(3) treatment under motion state；
VIII. treatment conditions：Right ventricle blood heat is detected to rise and right ventricle blood heat rapid decrease flag
Value is 0.
Treatment is acted：It is first determined whether fortune dynamic stability frequency is had determined that,
If not determining, with a fixed pacing frequency increasing amount adjustment pacing frequency, until pacing frequency increases to pre-
Definite value, wherein fixed pacing frequency increment is smaller, preferably 1bpm/ measure the cycles.During this period by each temperature sampling
Between the phase calculate right ventricle blood heat rate of change be stored in motion early stage right ventricle blood heat climbing speed array.Work as expectation
To the right ventricle blood heat in motion early stage right ventricle blood heat climbing speed array when pacing frequency increases to preset value
Rate of change is counted, according to right ventricle blood heat rate of change average and right ventricle blood heat climbing speed separation
Relative size judge athletic load grade so that select it is corresponding fortune dynamic stability frequency.
If fortune dynamic stability frequency it has been determined that if with corresponding to athletic load grade pacing frequency adjustment speed adjust
Whole pacing frequency is until corresponding fortune dynamic stability frequency.
IX. treatment conditions：Detect the decline of right ventricle blood heat and fall off rate is less than motion stop technology right ventricle
Blood heat fall off rate threshold value, and right ventricle blood heat rapid decrease flag value now is 0.
Treatment is acted：Pacing frequency is not adjusted, it is motion state to maintain pacemaker current control state；
X. treatment conditions：The decline of right ventricle blood heat, and fall off rate are detected more than or equal to motion stop technology
Right ventricle blood heat fall off rate threshold value or right ventricle blood heat rapid decrease flag value now are 1.
Treatment is acted：With the fixed pacing frequency fall off rate reduction pacing frequency with exercise load rank correlation until protecting
The tranquillization state pacing frequency deposited, if right ventricle blood heat has already decreased to ± 0.2 DEG C of model of tranquillization state right ventricle blood heat
In enclosing, then pacemaker current control state is converted into tranquillization state, while step response is triggered into marking variable, transports dynamic stability
The marking variable such as frequency and right ventricle blood heat rapid decrease flag returns to initial value.
Fig. 2 is that underload exercise intensity bottom right myocardial blood temperature changes analogous diagram with pacing frequency, and Fig. 3 is transported for middle load
Fatigue resistance bottom right myocardial blood temperature changes analogous diagram with pacing frequency.It can be seen that pacing frequency of the present invention and athletic load phase
Close.Fig. 4 is that the multiple moving condition bottom right myocardial blood temperature of middle load changes analogous diagram with pacing frequency.It can be seen that present invention pace-making
Frequency is related to athletic load, unrelated with times of exercise.Fig. 5 is the right ventricle blood heat climbing speed reduction of motion latter stage
Under the conditions of right ventricle blood heat and pacing frequency change analogous diagram.It can be seen that the shadow that pacing frequency is not slowed down by temperature rate-of-rise
Ring, still remain related to exercise load.Above-mentioned diagram show the present invention have more meet physiological property, closer to normal
The pacing frequency Automatic adjusument function of sinus node function.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of pacemaker pacing frequency adaptive approach based on right ventricle blood heat, it is characterised in that under
The step of stating circulating repetition and perform, right ventricle blood temperature signal is responded, control tranquillization state, step response state and fortune
Three kinds of switchings of state of a control of dynamic；
Step 1, gathers right ventricle blood temperature signal, and calculate right ventricle blood temperature according to the right ventricle blood heat sampling period
Degree rate of change；
Step 2, inquires about pacemaker current control state, if current control state is tranquillization state, is transferred to step 3 and processes；If working as
Preceding state of a control is step response state, then be transferred to step 4 and process；If current control state is motion state, step 5 place is transferred to
Reason；
Step 3, when pacemaker current control state is tranquillization state, following treatment is done to right ventricle blood temperature signal；
If detection right ventricle blood heat declines, fall off rate is contrasted with each threshold value in step response trigger condition；
Step response trigger condition is unsatisfactory for, then pacemaker maintains tranquillization state, satisfaction then triggers step response；
If detecting the rising of right ventricle blood heat, climbing speed is judged into right ventricle blood heat climbing speed with motion starting
Threshold value is contrasted；Tranquillization state is no more than then maintained, is set to pacemaker current control state more than then to move state；
Step 4, when pacemaker current control state is step response state, following treatment is done to right ventricle blood temperature signal；It is logical
The state and trend to default step response maximum maintenance phase right ventricle blood heat are crossed, right ventricle blood is judged with motion starting
Liquid temperature rate-of-rise threshold value carries out contrast judgement, then pacemaker current control state is set into tranquillization state or remains step
Response state is set to move state；
Step 5, when pacemaker current control state is for motion state, following treatment is done to right ventricle blood temperature signal；Judge right
Myocardial blood temperature rapid decrease flag value, and right ventricle blood heat state is detected, fortune dynamic frequency is maintained
Or adjust or be switched to tranquillization state.
2. a kind of pacemaker pacing frequency adaptive approach based on right ventricle blood heat as claimed in claim 1,
Characterized in that, in the step 1, pacemaker with phase collection measurement right ventricle blood heat between fixation, and using collecting
Right ventricle blood heat value updates right ventricle blood heat caching array, and calculating right ventricle blood heat with element in the array becomes
Change speed, its unit for DEG C/sec.
3. a kind of pacemaker pacing frequency adaptive approach based on right ventricle blood heat as claimed in claim 2,
Characterized in that, when updating the right ventricle blood heat caching array that length is 6；Abandon earliest right ventricle blood in the array
Measured temperature, and remaining element is sequentially moved up, newest measured value is stored in right ventricle blood heat caching array
It is the first.
4. a kind of pacemaker pacing frequency adaptive approach based on right ventricle blood heat as claimed in claim 2,
Characterized in that, shown in the calculation such as formula (1) of right ventricle blood heat rate of change；
TCS=[TB (6)+TB (5)+TB (4)-TB (3)-TB (2)-TB (1)]/(P*3) (1)
In above formula TCS be by DEG C/sec in units of right ventricle blood heat rate of change；TB is that right ventricle blood heat caches number
Group, array length is 6；P is the right ventricle blood heat sampling period.
5. a kind of pacemaker pacing frequency adaptive approach based on right ventricle blood heat as claimed in claim 1,
Characterized in that, the treatment conditions of step 3 and treatment action are described in detail below,
If 3.1 detect right ventricle blood heat decline, and fall off rate is more than or equal to triggering step response right ventricle
Blood heat fall off rate threshold value, while whether detection right ventricle blood heat fall is more than or equal to triggering step respectively
Whether the duration of tranquillization state is more than or equal to triggering step before response right ventricle blood heat fall threshold value, with the point
Response tranquillization state duration threshold；
If the condition of above-mentioned step response triggering has one not up to, pacemaker current control state is continuously maintained at tranquillization
State；
If above-mentioned step response trigger condition reaches, above-mentioned step response trigger condition is met, then trigger step response,
It is step response state to set pacemaker current control state, while adding step response increment in pacing frequency is expected, is reset
Tranquillization state timing variable, and step response triggering marking variable is put 1；
If 3.2 detect the decline of right ventricle blood heat, and fall off rate less than under triggering step response right ventricle blood heat
Rate-valve value drops, then pacemaker current control state maintains tranquillization state, and only pacing frequency is made adjustment；By right ventricle blood
Temperature drop speed is stored in right ventricle blood heat fall off rate array, until when element number reaches setting value in the array
Adjustment pacing frequency, now, expects shown in the calculating such as formula (2) of pacing frequency,
R=R-RD × (DS (1)+...+DS (MDSC)) × P (2)
Wherein, R represents the expectation pacing frequency that frequency adaptive algorithm determines according to current right ventricle blood heat；RD is correspondence
In the expectation pacing frequency adjustment amount that every degree Celsius of right ventricle blood heat declines；DS represents right ventricle blood heat fall off rate
Array, MDSC is storage element maximum number in the default array；P is the right ventricle blood heat sampling period；
Updated with the expectation pacing frequency for obtaining and adjust current pacing frequency and empty right ventricle blood heat fall off rate number
Group；Hereafter formula (3) the calculating expectation that a right ventricle blood heat rate of change for meeting above-mentioned condition is used often is obtained
Pacing frequency：
R=R-RD × Abs (TCS) × P (3)
Updated with the expectation pace-making obtained by formula (3) and adjust current pacing frequency, TCS represents right ventricle blood in formula (3)
Liquid rate temperature change, its unit for DEG C/sec；
Judge whether to reach the tranquillization state right side by tranquillization state right ventricle blood heat peak value reset cycle timing variable inspection simultaneously
The reset time of myocardial blood temperature peak；When the reset time of tranquillization state right ventricle blood heat peak value is reached by right ventricle
Blood heat peak value resets to current right ventricle blood heat average, while tranquillization state right ventricle blood heat is updated to currently
Right ventricle blood heat average；
If 3.3 detect now right ventricle blood heat rise, and climbing speed judges right ventricle blood temperature less than motion starting
Climbing speed threshold value is spent, now state of a control maintains tranquillization state, only adjusts pacing frequency；If reduction of speed under right ventricle blood heat
There is element in rate array, then corresponding expectation pacing frequency adjustment amount is first calculated with formula (4)：
Δ=RD × [DS (1)+...+DS (MDSC)] × P (4)
In above formula, Δ is the expectation pacing frequency adjustment amount corresponding to element in right ventricle blood heat fall off rate array；RD
It is the expectation pacing frequency adjustment amount declined corresponding to every degree Celsius of right ventricle blood heat；DS declines for right ventricle blood heat
Speed array, MDSC is the maximum number that element can be deposited in the default array；P is the right ventricle blood heat sampling period；
Expect that pacing frequency is calculated according to formula (5)：
R=R+RR × TCS × P- Δs (5)
The expectation pacing frequency that above formula is obtained updates and adjusts pacing frequency and preserve current pacing frequency for tranquillization state is paced
Frequency；
Right ventricle blood heat fall off rate array is emptied, when judging whether that reaching tranquillization state right ventricle blood heat peak value resets
Between, if so, right ventricle blood heat peak value and tranquillization state right ventricle blood heat then are reset into current right ventricle blood heat
Average；Otherwise compare right ventricle blood heat peak value and current right ventricle blood heat average, if right ventricle blood heat peak value
Less than current right ventricle blood heat average, then right ventricle blood heat peak value is updated to current right ventricle blood heat equal
Value；
If 3.4 detect the rising of right ventricle blood heat, and climbing speed judges right ventricle blood more than or equal to motion starting
Temperature rate-of-rise threshold value, empties right ventricle blood heat rate of change array, and pacemaker current control state is set to
Motion state.
6. a kind of pacemaker pacing frequency adaptive approach based on right ventricle blood heat as claimed in claim 1,
It is characterized in that：The treatment conditions of step 4 and treatment action are described in detail below,
If 4.1 maintain end of term right ventricle blood heat continuous decrease until default step response is maximum, or rise and upper raising speed
Rate judges right ventricle blood heat climbing speed threshold value less than motion starting always, then be set to pacemaker current control state
Tranquillization state, correspondingly, adjustment expects pacing frequency for current pacing frequency subtracts step response increment, and resets step response state
Duration timing variable and step response triggering marking variable；
If the 4.2 right ventricle blood heat reductions within the default step response maximum maintenance phase, or right ventricle blood heat rises
Speed judges right ventricle blood heat climbing speed threshold value less than motion starting, then remain in that pacemaker current control state is
Step response state, does not adjust pacing frequency；
If 4.3 detect the rising of right ventricle blood heat, and climbing speed judges right ventricle blood more than or equal to motion starting
Temperature rate-of-rise threshold value, then empty right ventricle blood heat rate of change array and be set to pacemaker current control state
Motion state.
7. a kind of pacemaker pacing frequency adaptive approach based on right ventricle blood heat as claimed in claim 1,
It is characterized in that：The treatment conditions of step 5 and treatment action are described in detail below,
5.1 judge right ventricle blood heat rapid decrease flag value, and right ventricle blood heat rapid decrease flag is used for
Identify whether the moment front right myocardial blood temperature lives through rapid decrease；
If right ventricle blood heat rapid decrease flag is 1, show that the moment is detected by stopping before this section fortune is dynamic
The rapid decrease of right ventricle blood heat caused by only moving, current time is in post exercise convalescence；
If right ventricle blood heat rapid decrease flag is 0, judge current time still in the motion phase；
If detecting, right ventricle blood heat rises and right ventricle blood heat rapid decrease flag value is 0, first determine whether
Whether fortune dynamic stability frequency is had determined that；
If not determining, first with a fixed pacing frequency increment, increase adjustment pacing frequency, until increasing to predetermined value；
The right ventricle blood heat rate of change that the phase is calculated between each temperature sampling is stored in motion early stage right ventricle during this period
Blood heat climbing speed array；Motion early stage right ventricle blood heat is risen when expecting that pacing frequency increases to preset value
Right ventricle blood heat rate of change in speed array is counted, according to right ventricle blood heat rate of change average and the right side
The relative size of myocardial blood temperature rate-of-rise separation judges athletic load grade, so as to select corresponding motion state
Stabilization frequency；
If it has been determined that if with the pacing frequency adjustment speed adjust pacing frequency corresponding to athletic load grade until corresponding
Fortune dynamic stability frequency；
If 5.2 detect the decline of right ventricle blood heat, and fall off rate less than under motion stop technology right ventricle blood heat
Drop rate-valve value, while it is 0 to inquire about right ventricle blood heat rapid decrease flag this moment, does not then adjust pacing frequency, maintains
Pacemaker current control state is motion state；
If 5.3 detect the decline of right ventricle blood heat, and fall off rate more than under motion stop technology right ventricle blood heat
Drop rate-valve value, or inquiry this moment right ventricle blood heat rapid decrease flag be 1, then with fortune dynamic stability frequency dependence
Pacing frequency adjustment rate reduction pacing frequency until tranquillization state under preserve tranquillization state pacing frequency；
If right ventricle blood heat has already decreased to ± 0.2 DEG C of scope of the tranquillization state right ventricle blood heat preserved under tranquillization state
It is interior, then pacemaker current control state is converted into tranquillization state, while step response is triggered into marking variable, fortune dynamic stability is frequently
The marking variable such as rate and right ventricle blood heat rapid decrease flag returns to initial value.
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| CN108577816A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-09-28 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of compound right ventricular electrode of multisensor and fusion cardiac pacing frequency adaptive regulation method |
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Cited By (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108577816A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-09-28 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of compound right ventricular electrode of multisensor and fusion cardiac pacing frequency adaptive regulation method |
| CN108577816B (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2020-04-28 | 西安交通大学 | Multi-sensor composite right ventricular electrode and fusion cardiac pacing frequency self-adaptive adjustment method |
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