CN106848823A - A kind of 8 word chamber locked mode post vector optical fiber lasers based on model selection coupler - Google Patents
A kind of 8 word chamber locked mode post vector optical fiber lasers based on model selection coupler Download PDFInfo
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- CN106848823A CN106848823A CN201710128216.XA CN201710128216A CN106848823A CN 106848823 A CN106848823 A CN 106848823A CN 201710128216 A CN201710128216 A CN 201710128216A CN 106848823 A CN106848823 A CN 106848823A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/11—Mode locking; Q-switching; Other giant-pulse techniques, e.g. cavity dumping
- H01S3/1106—Mode locking
- H01S3/1112—Passive mode locking
- H01S3/1115—Passive mode locking using intracavity saturable absorbers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
- H01S3/06712—Polarising fibre; Polariser
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
- H01S3/081—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof comprising three or more reflectors
- H01S3/083—Ring lasers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of 8 word chamber locked mode post vector optical fiber lasers based on model selection coupler, including pumping source, wavelength division multiplexer, gain fibre, single-mode fiber, the first Polarization Controller, the second Polarization Controller, three-dB coupler, isolator, coupler and model selection coupler；The output end of pumping source is connected with short wavelength's input of wavelength division multiplexer, the output end of wavelength division multiplexer passes sequentially through gain fibre, single-mode fiber, the first Polarization Controller and is connected with 1 port input of three-dB coupler, 2 port inputs of three-dB coupler are connected with the long wave long port of wavelength division multiplexer, 4 ports of three-dB coupler pass sequentially through isolator, coupler, model selection coupler and are connected with 3 ports of three-dB coupler, a 8 word resonators are constituted, the second Polarization Controller is connected to the less fundamental mode optical fibre output end of model selection coupler.The present invention has the advantages that optical fiber laser output pulse is narrow, post vector laser polarization purity is high, small, low cost is lost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical fiber laser field, and in particular to a kind of 8 word chamber locked mode posts based on model selection coupler
Vector optical fiber laser.
Background technology
In the last few years, post vector laser, the post vector laser particularly with ultra-short pulse width is because of its symmetrical polarization
Characteristic and strength characteristics, and focus characteristics of the radial polarisation light under high-NA, have been a great concern, extensive
Material processing, optical tweezer, Fibre Optical Sensor, surface plasma is applied to excite and the field such as fiber optic communication.
At present, post vector laser is mainly by Spatial Phase Modulator, combination half-wave plate, birefringece crystal and sub-wavelength light
The body block formula free space device such as grid is obtained to the accuracy controlling of polarization state.But utilize above-mentioned device to produce post vector to swash
Light, strict requirements are suffered from for the measure of precision and sphere of action of these devices, and light path is easy of integration, cost of manufacture
It is high.
In recent years, excite high-order mode using the method for all -fiber and obtain post vector laser as study hotspot, main profit
The method for coupling that misplaced with optical fiber excites high-order mode, using less fundamental mode optical fibre grating as horizontal high-order mode modeling unit, with reference to locked mode
Technology obtains ultrashort pulse post vector laser, and such as notification number is CN102544999B, entitled " complete based on less fundamental mode optical fibre grating
The patent of invention of fiber axis symmetric polarized light beam laser and production method ".By all -fiber of misplace coupling and few mould grating
It is simple structure that method excites the advantage of post vector laser, it is easy to integrated, disadvantage thereof however is that：(1) optical fiber dislocation is coupled
The high-order mode loss that method is produced is larger, and post vector laser slope efficiency is low, power output is small, limits it in long-distance optical fiber
Application in communication and optical fiber sensing system；(2) while producing high-order mode by the method for the coupling that misplaces, it is necessary to use few mould
Grating carries out modeling operation, and few mould grating technology of preparing requirement is high, and the cycle is long, and expensive, practical performance is relatively low.Cause
This, purity is high, stability is high, structure is tight to obtain how to realize a kind of method of low-loss, high efficiency, all -fiber and low cost
The ultrashort pulse post vector laser for gathering is significant.
The content of the invention
The present invention to be solved be overcome prior art produce ultrashort pulse post vector laser complex structure, loss greatly,
A kind of the shortcomings of efficiency is low expensive with cost of manufacture, there is provided method of new generation ultrashort pulse post vector laser, that is, be based on
8 word chamber locked mode post vector optical fiber lasers of model selection coupler, all devices of the laser are coupled using all -fiber
Mode, compact conformation is not disturbed by extraneous factor, can continuous-stable work, and the optical fiber laser be lost small, low cost,
Delivery efficiency is high.Nonlinear amplifying loop mirror is constituted by 8 word chambers, mode-lock operation is realized, the output of ultra-short pulse width laser is obtained；
Chamber is built into model selection coupler, realizes high-purity, the output of efficient ultrashort pulse post vector laser.
It is a kind of 8 word chambers based on model selection coupler to solve above-mentioned technical problem the technical solution adopted by the present invention
Locked mode post vector optical fiber laser, including：Pumping source, wavelength division multiplexer, gain fibre, single-mode fiber, the first Polarization Controller,
Second Polarization Controller, three-dB coupler, isolator, coupler and model selection coupler；Wherein, the output end of pumping source with
Short wavelength's input of wavelength division multiplexer is connected, and the output end of wavelength division multiplexer passes sequentially through gain fibre, single-mode fiber, first
Polarization Controller is connected with 1 port input of three-dB coupler, 2 port inputs and the length of wavelength division multiplexer of three-dB coupler
Wavelength port is connected, and 4 ports of three-dB coupler pass sequentially through isolator, coupler, model selection coupler and three-dB coupler
3 ports be connected, constitute a 8 word resonators, the less fundamental mode optical fibre that the second Polarization Controller is connected to model selection coupler is defeated
Go out end.
Further, above-mentioned model selection coupler can optionally export different moulds in different fiber-optic outputs
Formula, with two functions of patten transformation and model selection, and insertion loss is small.
Due to the effect of the nonlinear amplifying loop mirror in 8 word chambers, in the port output end output optical pulse of three-dB coupler 4, light
Pulse, into the input of model selection coupler, is realized from basic mode after isolator and coupler by model selection coupler
LP01 exports basic mode LP01 to high-order mode LP11 patten transformations in single-mode fiber output port, in the output of less fundamental mode optical fibre output end
High-order mode LP11.
Serving as saturable absorber using the nonlinear amplified loop mirror constituted in 8 word resonators carries out locked mode, works as regulation
During the first Polarization Controller, ultrashort light pulse is exported in output end.
By adjusting the second Polarization Controller, it will be annularly distributed in less fundamental mode optical fibre output end, polarization purity compared with
Ultrashort pulse post vector laser high.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following technique effect；
(1) Land use models selection coupler of the present invention is lost small, efficiency as laser resonator intracavity modal switching device
Height, the post vector light polarization purity of acquisition is high；Land use models select coupler as modeling device in laser resonant cavity, substitute
Few mould grating, economical convenient, cost performance is high.
(2) present invention realizes Mode-locking For Lasers, simple structure, output laser pulse pulsewidth using the word resonator of all -fiber 8
Narrow and stable performance.
(3) present invention uses all optical fibre structure, and laser delivery efficiency is high, and compact conformation is not disturbed by extraneous factor, can
Continuous-stable works.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of model selection coupler.
Fig. 2 is for the LP01 moulds in single-mode fiber with effective refractive index of the LP11 moulds under 1550 wavelength in less fundamental mode optical fibre with light
The change curve of fine radius.
Fig. 3 is in coupling using the LP11 patterns in the LP01 patterns in Rsoft software emulation single-mode fibers and less fundamental mode optical fibre
Close area's power cycle interchange graph.
Fig. 4 is high-order mode (LP11) the mould spot figure of model selection coupler in less fundamental mode optical fibre output end, is tested by CCD and obtained
.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the 8 word chamber locked mode post vector optical fiber lasers based on model selection coupler
Fig. 6 is the output light spectrogram of the 8 word chamber locked mode post vector optical fiber lasers based on model selection coupler.
Fig. 7 is the output time-domain oscillogram of the 8 word chamber locked mode post vector optical fiber lasers based on model selection coupler；Its
In (a) be that laser exports multiple time domain impulse oscillograms, (b) is that laser exports single time domain impulse oscillogram.
Fig. 8 is the post vector mode of laser spot figure that CCD detection is obtained and adds the mode of laser spot figure after the polarizer；Wherein, (a)
It is angular polarization optical mode spot, distribution annular in shape, (b), (c), (d), (e) are the output of angular polarization laser and add polarizer and change
Become the polarized light field distribution obtained after polarizer optical axis direction, (f) is radial polarisation optical mode spot, and light field is annularly distributed, (g),
H (), (i), (j) are the polarized light field point that radial polarisation laser adds polarizer and changes acquisition after polarizer optical axis direction
Cloth.
Fig. 9 is that laser exports the curve map that the mean power of pulse changes with pump power.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme is described in further detail in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The 8 word chamber locked mode post vector optical fiber lasers based on model selection coupler proposed by the present invention, including pumping source,
Wavelength division multiplexer, gain fibre, the first Polarization Controller, the second Polarization Controller, single-mode fiber, three-dB coupler, coupler,
Isolator, model selection coupler；Wherein, the output end of pumping source is connected with short wavelength's input of wavelength division multiplexer, wavelength-division
The output end of multiplexer passes sequentially through the 1 port input of gain fibre, single-mode fiber, the first Polarization Controller and three-dB coupler
End be connected, 2 port output ends of three-dB coupler are connected with the long wave long port of wavelength division multiplexer, 4 ports of three-dB coupler and
Isolator, coupler, model selection coupler are connected with 3 ports of three-dB coupler, constitute a 8 word resonators, the second polarization
Controller is connected with the less fundamental mode optical fibre output end of model selection coupler.
Model selection coupler changes the basic mode (LP01) in single-mode fiber to the high-order mode (LP11) in less fundamental mode optical fibre,
LP01 moulds are exported in single-mode fiber output port, LP11 moulds is exported in less fundamental mode optical fibre output port, in different fiber-optic outputs
The different patterns of selective output, with two functions of patten transformation and model selection, and insertion loss is small.
The present invention carries out mode locking pulse output using the nonlinear amplified loop mirror constituted in 8 word chambers, by regulation first
Polarization Controller, the pulse of output is in nanosecond rank.
The collective effect that the present invention passes through model selection coupler and 8 word chambers, the first Polarization Controller of regulation and second inclined
Shake controller, it will obtains polarization purity ultrashort pulse post vector laser higher in coupler output.
The present invention combines 8 word chamber mode-locking techniques, realizes a locked mode post vector optical fiber laser.Output spectrum stabilization, and
And small, pulse width is lost, post vector light polarization purity is high.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of model selection coupler, and its operation principle is as follows：
According to coupled mode theory and coupling mode equations:
In formula, z represents the distance of coupling, β1And β2Swashed in LP01 patterns and less fundamental mode optical fibre respectively in single-mode fiber
The propagation constant of a certain pattern for rising；A1And A2What is be ignited in LP01 moulds and less fundamental mode optical fibre respectively in single-mode fiber is a certain
The mould field amplitude of pattern；C11And C22It is from the coefficient of coup；C12And C21It is mutual coupling factor.From the coefficient of coup relative to mutual coupling
Coefficient very little, can be ignored, and approximately have C12=C21=C, two luminous powers of output port of coupler are tried to achieve through above formula
For：
Work as β2For in less fundamental mode optical fibre during the propagation constant of LP11 moulds, if now phase difference β=β1-β2Be zero, i.e. single mode
The LP11 moulds in LP01 moulds and less fundamental mode optical fibre in optical fiber reach the condition of phase matched, now,
P1(z)=cos2(cz),P2(z)=sin2(cz)。
Above formula shows, in the case of phase matched, two patterns carry out periodic power exchange, realize LP01 moulds to
The function of LP11 mould patten transformations；LP01 moulds are exported in single-mode fiber output end, LP11 moulds are exported in less fundamental mode optical fibre output end, led to
Cross in the different pattern of the output of different fiber-optic output selectivity, realize the function of model selection.
The method for realizing phase matched is：Because phase beta=neff k0, wherein k0It is the propagation constant in vacuum, neffFor
The effective refractive index of pattern, and the effective refractive index of pattern changes with the diameter change of optical fiber, so when single-mode fiber
During the diameter matches of diameter and less fundamental mode optical fibre, the phase of the LP11 moulds in LP01 moulds and less fundamental mode optical fibre in single-mode fiber is also just
Match somebody with somebody.It is illustrated in figure 2 in the single-mode fiber obtained using COMSOL software emulations that LP11 moulds exist in LP01 moulds and less fundamental mode optical fibre
Effective refractive index under 1550 wavelength with fiber core radius variation relation.It is illustrated in figure 3 based on beam propagation method (BPM), profit
The fibre diameter parameter for realizing phase matched for obtaining is emulated with Rsoft carries out the LP01 moulds and LP11 mould work(of simulation calculation acquisition
The analogous diagram of rate periodical exchange.Coupler is selected according to Fig. 3 simulation parameters making pattern using fused biconical taper method, using CCD
The mould spot of less fundamental mode optical fibre output end is observed, as shown in figure 4, obtaining the height of model selection coupler less fundamental mode optical fibre output end through measurement
The purity of rank mould (LP11) more than 96%, and model selection coupler insertion loss in below 1dB.
It is illustrated in figure 5 structural representation of the invention, a kind of 8 word chamber locked mode post vectors based on model selection coupler
Optical fiber laser.Including pumping source, wavelength division multiplexer, gain fibre, single-mode fiber, the first Polarization Controller, the second polarization control
Device processed, three-dB coupler, isolator, coupler, model selection coupler；Wherein,
The output end of pumping source is connected with short wavelength's input of wavelength division multiplexer, and the output end of wavelength division multiplexer is led to successively
Cross gain fibre, single-mode fiber, the first Polarization Controller to be connected with 1 port input of three-dB coupler, 2 ends of three-dB coupler
Mouth output end is connected with the long wave long port of wavelength division multiplexer, 4 ports and isolator, coupler, the model selection of three-dB coupler
Coupler is connected with 3 ports of three-dB coupler, constitutes a 8 word resonators, and the second Polarization Controller is connected on model selection coupling
The less fundamental mode optical fibre output end of device.
Operation principle of the invention is as follows：Pumping source as 8 word resonators driving source, for exporting pump light to wavelength-division
Short wavelength's input of multiplexer, wavelength division multiplexer is used for will be with the different pump light of wavelength and defeated by its long wavelength's input
The feedback laser for entering is multiplexed into fiber resonance cavity, and gain fibre (er-doped) is used to provide light amplification, and the single-mode fiber of standard increases
Plus the nonlinear effect of optical fiber, first polarization state of Polarization Controller control light, three-dB coupler is used for the beam splitting of light, by light
It is divided into two-way, the long wavelength end of first via light connects wavelength division multiplexer, the second road light is connected to optoisolator and (ensures the unidirectional biography of light
It is defeated), connect a coupler again afterwards, a small amount of light detects that most light stays in resonance in resonator, afterwards as output end
By a model selection coupler, high-order mode is exported in the less fundamental mode optical fibre output end of model selection coupler, in model selection
The single-mode fiber output end of coupler connects another input of three-dB coupler again, constitutes a 8 word resonators.Wherein, 8 word
Due to gain fibre in one resonator on the resonator left side, single-mode fiber, the first Polarization Controller, three-dB coupler will be formed
The non-linear amplifying ambient of optical fiber realizes the locked mode to light, forms a mode locked fiber laser, and in 8 word resonators due to
The presence of model selection coupler, laser will export high-order mode in less fundamental mode optical fibre output end, by adjusting the second Polarization Control
Device, realizes the polarization state precise control to mould field, swashs in the post vector that output end is annularly distributed, polarization purity is higher
Light.Whole 8 word resonator can realize that mode locking pulse is exported, and can realize that post vector laser is exported again.
It is illustrated in figure 6 the output spectrum of the 8 word chamber locked mode post vector optical fiber lasers based on model selection coupler, band
A width of 5.5nm, centre wavelength is 1556nm, and side mode suppression ratio is 35dB.
It is illustrated in figure 7 the output waveform figure of the 8 word chamber locked mode post vector optical fiber lasers based on model selection coupler；
Wherein (a) is that laser exports multiple time domain beamformers, and (b) is that laser exports single time domain beamformer, pulse can be obtained by figure
Width is about 20ns, and pulse recurrence frequency is 0.66MHz.
Fig. 8 show the post vector mode of laser spot figure of CCD detection acquisition and adds the mode of laser spot figure after the polarizer；Its
In, (a) is angular polarization optical mode spot, distribution annular in shape, and (b), (c), (d), (e) are the output of angular polarization laser and add polarization
Piece simultaneously changes the polarized light field distribution obtained after polarizer optical axis direction, and (f) is radial polarisation optical mode spot, and light field is annularly divided
Cloth, (g), (h), (i), (j) are the polarization that radial polarisation laser adds polarizer and changes acquisition after polarizer optical axis direction
Optical field distribution.Test result shows that the polarization purity of obtained column vector beam is more than 91.3%.
Fig. 9 is that laser exports the curve map that the mean power of pulse changes with pump power.Experiment test obtains laser
The slope efficiency of device is 1.5%.
Specific embodiments described above, has been carried out further to the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect
Detailed description.It should be noted that the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the present invention, this hair is not limited to
Bright scope, any those skilled in the art, what is made on the premise of design of the invention and principle is not departed from is equal to
Change and modification, all should belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of 8 word chamber locked mode post vector optical fiber lasers based on model selection coupler, it is characterised in that including：Pumping
Source, wavelength division multiplexer, gain fibre, single-mode fiber, the first Polarization Controller, the second Polarization Controller, three-dB coupler, isolation
Device, coupler and model selection coupler；Wherein,
The output end of pumping source is connected with short wavelength's input of wavelength division multiplexer, and the output end of wavelength division multiplexer passes sequentially through increasing
Beneficial optical fiber, single-mode fiber, the first Polarization Controller are connected with 1 port input of three-dB coupler, and 2 ports of three-dB coupler are defeated
Enter end to be connected with the long wave long port of wavelength division multiplexer, 4 ports of three-dB coupler pass sequentially through isolator, coupler, pattern choosing
Select coupler to be connected with 3 ports of three-dB coupler, constitute a 8 word resonators, the second Polarization Controller is connected to model selection
The less fundamental mode optical fibre output end of coupler.
2. a kind of 8 word chamber locked mode post vector optical fiber lasers based on model selection coupler according to claim 1, its
It is characterised by, described model selection coupler can optionally export different patterns in different fiber-optic outputs having
There are two functions of patten transformation and model selection, and insertion loss is small.
3. a kind of 8 word chamber locked mode post vector optical fiber lasers based on model selection coupler according to claim 2, its
It is characterised by, due to the effect of the nonlinear amplifying loop mirror in 8 word chambers, in the port output end output optical pulse of three-dB coupler 4,
Light pulse, into the input of model selection coupler, is realized from base after isolator and coupler by model selection coupler
Mould LP01 exports basic mode LP01 to high-order mode LP11 patten transformations in single-mode fiber output port, defeated in less fundamental mode optical fibre output end
Go out high-order mode LP11.
4. a kind of 8 word chamber locked mode post vector optical fiber lasers based on model selection coupler according to claim 1, its
It is characterised by, serving as saturable absorber using the nonlinear amplified loop mirror constituted in 8 word resonators carries out locked mode, works as regulation
During the first Polarization Controller, ultrashort light pulse is exported in output end.
5. a kind of 8 word chamber locked mode post vector optical fiber lasers based on model selection coupler according to claim 4, its
Be characterised by, by adjusting the second Polarization Controller, it will be annularly distributed in less fundamental mode optical fibre output end, polarization purity compared with
Ultrashort pulse post vector laser high.
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