CN106836243B - A kind of sponge greenery patches of suitable mountain topography and its building method - Google Patents
A kind of sponge greenery patches of suitable mountain topography and its building method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106836243B CN106836243B CN201611228018.2A CN201611228018A CN106836243B CN 106836243 B CN106836243 B CN 106836243B CN 201611228018 A CN201611228018 A CN 201611228018A CN 106836243 B CN106836243 B CN 106836243B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B11/00—Drainage of soil, e.g. for agricultural purposes
- E02B11/005—Drainage conduits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
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Abstract
The present invention provides sponge greenery patches and its building method of a kind of suitable mountain topography, different earth layer structures are built according to the different gradient of mountain topography, 3 ° of -8 ° of gentle slopes and 8 ° of -15 ° of abrupt slopes are built with different earth layer structures respectively, it is distributed drainage pipeline networks, to to 3 ° of -8 ° of gentle slope Overall Reconstructions at 6% stairstepping slope section, energy dissipating ditch is set up to 8 ° of -15 ° of abrupt slopes and sets up fixed energy dissipating stake in energy dissipating ditch.Sponge greenery patches in the present invention meets mountain topography geomorphologic characteristics, make hillside fields that can have the function of quickly descending infiltration, purifying rainwater, buffering runoff, water and soil conservation, and safety factor is considered in the design on abrupt slope, by setting up energy dissipating spud pile, the kinetic energy after rainwater formation runoff can not only be weakened, slow down its speed, reduce a part of run-off, hillside fields can be made to have safety guarantee when fulfiling its " sponge effect " with fixture construction layer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Mountainous City sponge Green Space Construction technical fields, and in particular to a kind of sponge of suitable mountain topography
Greenery patches and its building method.
Background technique
Currently without the sponge Green Space Construction method under mountain environment, mountainous region sponge Green Space Construction can only reference《Sponge city
City's construction technique guide》It carries out, but the guide is the regulation of the general provisions to orient towards the whole country, not specifically for Mountainous City
Feature is researched and analysed, and cannot effectively instruct the sponge Green Space Construction of mountain environment, and for the mountainous region of different gradient, sea
Whether a large amount of sponge facilities in continuous city are used directly for building, and only build when groping, and operability is not strong.
Existing sponge urban construction method is mostly used for Plain and Basin Cities, solves the problems, such as its urban waterlogging, common
Greenery patches sponge facility have sunk type greenery patches, biological stranded belt, vegetation buffer strip, grass planting ditch etc., these facilities have the gradient
It is required that and have aquifer mostly, be unable to the changeable Mountainous City of adaptation to the ground.The research blank of mountainous region sponge urban construction method
The construction in mountainous region sponge city is seriously affected, Mountainous City rainfall is big in addition, and hillside fields forms a large amount of runoffs, due to diameter flow velocity
Quickly, secondary disaster easy to form causes life security hidden danger and economic asset to lose to degree.Currently, although having can be used for putting down
The sponge facility in slow area, but its total amount be for Mountainous City it is very little, hillside fields is still in occupation of big in city
The land area of amount builds into the greenery patches with sponge facility effect if these hillside fields are used, can greatly increase city
City's rain penetration efficiency, reduces a large amount of rainfall runoff, probability that is total and reducing urban waterlogging；And in view of Rainwater Quality is pacified
Total factor, layering system is by the rain penetration by purification to underground, and if things go on like this, Urban Underground water level can also be mended
It fills.
Mountainous City is seated on the ecotone in inside large-scale mountain area or mountain area and Plain more；Topography and geomorphology has larger
Absolute or relative altitude, cutting is deep, cut capacity is big, and geologic structure is complicated.Complicated Geographical environment is pregnant with abundant
Colorful mountainous region pattern, resources characteristic, spatial distribution, ecology service and in terms of be all different from plain city：
Water resource relative abundance but be unevenly distributed, space is full of variety but land used is broken, the ecosystem is abundant but relatively fragile, landscape is more
Sample but hide more disasters.Since there are massif, greenery patches, water system and the wetland of large area in Mountainous City, be conducive to rainfall infiltration,
It is detained and stores, this is that building is accumulated, infiltration and the Mountainous City cavernous body purified bring greater advantage.While and plains region
It compares, mountainous region sponge urban construction has disadvantage outstanding：First is that soil aquifer is thin since terrain slope is steeper, it is unfavorable for
Cavernous body infiltration and water conservation；Second is that especially during heavy rain, mountainous region crest discharge is big under extreme weather conditions, flow velocity is fast, flood
Calamity risk is high, and local low laying areas easily forms effectiveness factors；Third is that seismic survey in mountainous area is intensive, severe water and soil erosion, stony desert
The problems such as change, falling zone cavernous body reparation and improvement, is also than more prominent；Fourth is that Mountainous City ecological niche is high, the ecosystem is relatively brittle
It is weak, it is subject to city development construction and destroys, restoration of the ecosystem difficulty is very big.Previous hillside fields or massif, heavy rain period generate a large amount of
Runoff, rainwater may be carried a large amount of silts, cause soil erosion, even by runoff after potential energy transformation in slope accelerates
It causes soil to loosen, causes the disasters such as landslide, mud-rock flow.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of sponge greenery patches of suitable mountain topography, in conjunction with the hillside fields of mountainous region complexity
Shape builds the sponge greenery patches of different earth layer structures for different gradient, has filled up sponge city in Mountainous City in the prior art
The blank of construction, solves that Mountainous City flood hazard is high, low laying areas easily forms effectiveness factors, the ecosystem is subject to for part
The technical issues of floods destroy.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that：
Including 3 ° of -8 ° of gentle slopes greenery patchess or 8 ° of -15 ° of abrupt slopes greenery patches, wherein：
3 ° of -8 ° of gentle slopes greenery patchess have the following earth layer structure successively built from the earth's core to earth's surface：
First gravel layer, first gravel layer is with a thickness of 250mm-300mm, along slope surface transverse direction in first gravel layer
It is equipped with the first perforated drain pipe；
First coarse sands layer, first gross sand thickness are 200mm；
First kind of plant soil horizon, it is described first kind plant soil horizon with a thickness of 500mm-1200mm, first planting soil
The piece-wise step shape hillside fields that earth layer earth's surface is 6% plants in first kind of plant soil horizon slope surface and is implanted with green vegetation；
There is the following earth layer structure successively built from the earth's core to earth's surface with 8 ° of -15 ° of abrupt slopes greenery patchess：
Second gravel layer, second gravel layer spread with a thickness of 250mm-300mm, second gravel layer along water (flow) direction
Equipped with the second perforated drain pipe；
Second coarse sands layer, second gross sand thickness are 250mm；
Second kind of plant soil horizon, it is described second kind plant soil horizon with a thickness of 200mm-700mm, second planting soil
Kind is implanted with green vegetation in layer slope surface；
It is separately equipped with through second gravel layer, the second coarse sands layer and second kind of plant soil horizon along slope surface lateral separation several
Energy dissipating ditch is vertically arranged with fixed energy dissipating stake in the energy dissipating ditch, is equipped with perforated drain pipe along bottom of trench.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages that：
The present invention passes through the earth layer knot with infiltration, water retention by the landform construction for mountainous region different gradient
Structure, it is sufficiently lower to seep the rainwater in heavy rain season and be retained in rainfall less season sufficiently to adjust the water resource in mountainous region,
Sponge greenery patches in the present invention has the advantages that penetration is strong, moisture-holding capacity is big.
It is a further object to provide a kind of sponge Green Space Construction methods of suitable mountain topography, specially according to
The different gradient of mountain topography carries out Green Space Construction to corresponding region respectively, including：
The following implement sequence on 3 ° of -8 ° of gentle slopes：
Step 1：Excavation transformation, cutting depth 850mm-1800mm are integrally carried out to former slope surface；
Step 2：Improved slope surface is excavated to step 1 and is laid with the first gravel layer, first gravel layer with a thickness of
250mm-300mm is laterally laid with the first perforated drain pipe along slope surface in the gravel layer；
Step 3：The first coarse sands layer, first gross sand thickness are laid in the first gravel layer slope surface described in step 2
For 200mm；
Step 4：First kind of plant soil horizon is backfilled and tamped in the first coarse sands layer slope surface described in step 3, backfills thickness
For 500mm-1200mm, described first kind is planted soil horizon backfill into 6% piece-wise step shape hillside fields；
Step 5：Green vegetation is planted in first kind of plant soil horizon slope surface described in step 4.
With the following implement sequence on 8 ° of -15 ° of abrupt slopes：
Step I：Excavation transformation, cutting depth 700mm-1300mm are integrally carried out to former slope surface, and laterally opened along slope surface
Several energy dissipating ditches at interval are dug, the cutting depth of the energy dissipating ditch is more than former slope surface entirety cutting depth, and in the energy dissipating
It is vertically arranged fixed energy dissipating stake in ditch, is laid with perforated drain pipe along bottom of trench；
Step II：To the region other than the energy dissipating ditch, improved slope surface is excavated in step I and is laid with the second gravel layer,
Second gravel layer is laid with the second perforation row along water (flow) direction in second gravel layer with a thickness of 250mm-300mm
Water pipe；
Step III：It is thick that second is laid with to the region other than the energy dissipating ditch, in the second gravel layer slope surface described in step II
Layer of sand, second gross sand thickness are 250mm；
Step IV：To the region other than the energy dissipating ditch, is backfilled and rammed in the second coarse sand level described in step III
Real second kind of plant soil horizon, backfills with a thickness of 200mm-700mm；
Step V：Green vegetation is planted in second kind of plant soil horizon slope surface described in step IV.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages that：
The present invention carries out Green Space Construction construction by the region to mountainous region different gradient respectively, with the mountainous region to different gradient
Region forms the sponge greenery patches structure to suit the requirements.Working procedure is in perfect order in the building method, the sponge greenery patches pair of construction
The mountainous region in different gradient region can give full play to unique sponge greenery patches effect, solve Mountainous City flood hazard height, office
Portion low laying areas easily forms effectiveness factors, the ecosystem is subject to the technical issues of floods destroy.
Further advantage, target and feature of the invention will be partially reflected by the following instructions, and part will also be by this
The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the cross-section structure in 3 ° of -8 ° of hillside fields in the sponge greenery patches of the suitable mountain topography of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the cross-section structure in 8 ° of -15 ° of hillside fields in the sponge greenery patches of the suitable mountain topography of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the present invention realize technological means, creation characteristic, reach purpose and effect more clearly and be apparent to,
The present invention is further elaborated with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description：
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, attached drawing 1 and attached drawing 2 are please referred to：
Including 3 ° of -8 ° of gentle slopes greenery patchess or 8 ° of -15 ° of abrupt slopes greenery patches, wherein：
3 ° of -8 ° of gentle slopes land have the following earth layer structure successively built from the earth's core to earth's surface, such as Fig. 1：
First gravel layer 10, first gravel layer is with a thickness of 250mm-300mm, along slope surface cross in first gravel layer
To being equipped with the first perforated drain pipe 11；
First coarse sands layer 12, first gross sand thickness are 200mm；
First kind of plant soil horizon 13, first kind of plant soil horizon with a thickness of 500mm-1200mm, first kind of plant
The piece-wise step shape hillside fields that soil horizon earth's surface is 6% plants in first kind of plant soil horizon slope surface and is implanted with green vegetation 15；
There is the following earth layer structure successively built from the earth's core to earth's surface, such as Fig. 2 with 8 ° of -15 ° of abrupt slopes greenery patchess：
Second gravel layer 20, second gravel layer is with a thickness of 250mm-300mm, and second gravel layer is along water (flow) direction
It is equipped with the second perforated drain pipe 21；
Second coarse sands layer 22, second gross sand thickness are 250mm；
Second kind of plant soil horizon 23, it is described second kind plant soil horizon with a thickness of 200mm-700mm, second planting soil
Kind is implanted with green vegetation 28 in earth layer slope surface；
Separately set through second gravel layer 20, the second coarse sands layer 22 and second kind of plant soil horizon 23 along slope surface lateral separation
There are several energy dissipating ditches 26, fixed energy dissipating stake 27 is vertically arranged in the energy dissipating ditch, is equipped with the second perforation draining along bottom of trench
Pipe 25.
In the sponge greenery patches of above-mentioned suitable mountain topography, the width of energy dissipating ditch 26 is 500mm, and partial size is used in fixed energy dissipating stake 27
The cobble of 40mm-80mm is mixed with concrete formation；The piercing aperture of perforated drain pipe 11 and 21 is 10mm-25mm, and uniform cloth
It sets in pipe circumferential surface.
The sponge greenery patches slope surface gradient of above structure is 6%, and such as Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the α gradient is that 6%, the β gradient is 15%,
Heavy rain season is encountered, due to bottom the first gravel layer 10 and the huge infiltration ability of the second gravel layer 20, so that along earth layer
Lower milliosmolarity reaches 80% or so, and the rainwater of lower infiltration is discharged along the first perforated drain pipe 11 and the second perforated drain pipe 21, finally
Along slope runoff displacement only 8% or so, run-off is substantially reduced, while the slope surface gradient transform 6% gentle slope as, adds
The solid native energy dissipating effect of the green vegetation of upper slope surface, through flow velocity also to reducing, energy dissipating ditch 26 and fixed energy dissipating stake 27 sufficiently rise
To the effect for eliminating water flow dynamic energy, the slope soil flow that adequately protects is lost, while guaranteeing bottom of slope installation security；When encountering arid season,
The coarse sands layer 12 and 22 of bottom sufficiently plays water retention, and the moisture in Soil Surrounding can be quickly through resistance lesser first
Gravel layer 10 and the second gravel layer 20 reach hillside fields region, carry out moisturizing to hillside fields region.
The sponge Green Space Construction method of above-mentioned suitable mountain topography is：
A kind of sponge Green Space Construction method of suitable mountain topography, specially according to the different gradient of mountain topography to corresponding
Region carries out Green Space Construction respectively, including：
The following implement sequence on 3 ° of -8 ° of gentle slopes：
Step 1：Excavation transformation, cutting depth 850mm-1800mm are integrally carried out to former slope surface；
Step 2：Improved slope surface is excavated to step 1 and is laid with the first gravel layer 10, first gravel layer with a thickness of
250mm-300mm is laterally laid with the first perforated drain pipe 11 along slope surface in first gravel layer；
Step 3：The first coarse sands layer is laid in the gravel layer slope surface described in step 2, first gross sand thickness is
200mm；
Step 4：First kind of plant soil horizon 13 is backfilled and tamped in the first coarse sands layer slope surface described in step 3, and backfill is thick
Degree is 500mm-1200mm, and described first kind is planted soil horizon backfill into 6% piece-wise step shape hillside fields；
Step 5：Green vegetation 15 is planted in first kind of plant 13 slope surface of soil horizon described in step 4.
With the following implement sequence on 8 ° of -15 ° of abrupt slopes：
Step I：Excavation transformation, cutting depth 700mm-1300mm are integrally carried out to former slope surface, and laterally opened along slope surface
Several energy dissipating ditches 26 at interval are dug, the cutting depth of the energy dissipating ditch 26 is more than former slope surface entirety cutting depth, and described
It is vertically arranged fixed energy dissipating stake 27 in energy dissipating ditch 26, is laid with the second perforated drain pipe 25 along bottom of trench；
Step II：To the region other than the energy dissipating ditch 26, improved slope surface is excavated in step I and is laid with the second gravel layer
20, second gravel layer is laid with the second perforation along water (flow) direction in second gravel layer with a thickness of 250mm-300mm
Drainpipe 21；
Step III：To the region other than the energy dissipating ditch 26, second is laid in the second gravel layer slope surface described in step II
Coarse sands layer 22, second coarse sands layer 22 is with a thickness of 250mm；
Step IV：To the region other than the energy dissipating ditch 26, backfilled on second coarse sands layer, 22 face described in step III
And second kind of plant soil horizon 23 is tamped, it backfills with a thickness of 200mm-700mm；
Step V：Green vegetation 28 is planted in second kind of plant 23 slope surface of soil horizon described in step IV.
In above-mentioned building method, first perforated drain pipe 11 and the second perforated drain pipe 21 are plus lateral in energy dissipating ditch
The perforated drain pipe 25 of arrangement constitutes drainage pipeline networks, so that the draining of slope surface is rapider, can quickly adjust water percolating capacity；?
In 3 ° -8 ° of gentle slope, the effect of 11 lateral arrangement of perforated drain pipe is：The rainwater flow velocity on gentle slope is low, lateral arrangement perforation
Drainpipe 11 collides when rainwater flows down along slope surface with perforated drain pipe 11, and rainwater on perforated drain pipe 11 by setting
The hole set, which enters in pipe, to be collected, and then is discharged along pipeline；In 8 ° of -15 ° of abrupt slopes, the perforated drain pipe 21 along
Water flow arrangement effect be：In abrupt slope, rainwater flow velocity is larger, and perforated drain pipe 21 is played Quick drainage along water flow arrangement
Effect, prevent rain drop erosion slopes from slopes being caused to be destroyed.
Finally, it is stated that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting, although referring to compared with
Good embodiment describes the invention in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that, it can be to skill of the invention
Art scheme is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departing from the objective and range of technical solution of the present invention, should all be covered at this
In the scope of the claims of invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of sponge greenery patches of suitable mountain topography, it is characterised in that：It is green including 3 ° of -8 ° of gentle slopes greenery patchess or 8 ° of -15 ° of abrupt slopes
Ground, wherein：
3 ° of -8 ° of gentle slopes greenery patchess have the following earth layer structure successively built from the earth's core to earth's surface：
First gravel layer, first gravel layer are laterally laid with a thickness of 250mm-300mm along slope surface in first gravel layer
There is the first perforated drain pipe；
First coarse sands layer, first gross sand thickness are 200mm；
First kind of plant soil horizon, it is described first kind plant soil horizon with a thickness of 500mm-1200mm, first kind of plant soil horizon
The piece-wise step shape hillside fields that earth's surface is 6% plants in first kind of plant soil horizon slope surface and is implanted with green vegetation；
8 ° of -15 ° of abrupt slopes greenery patchess have the following earth layer structure successively built from the earth's core to earth's surface：
Second gravel layer, second gravel layer are equipped with a thickness of 250mm-300mm, second gravel layer along water (flow) direction
Second perforated drain pipe；
Second coarse sands layer, second gross sand thickness are 250mm；
Second kind of plant soil horizon, it is described second kind plant soil horizon with a thickness of 200mm-700mm, second kind of plant soil horizon slope
Kind is implanted with green vegetation on face；
Separately several are equipped with along slope surface lateral separation through second gravel layer, the second coarse sands layer and second kind of plant soil horizon to disappear
Can ditch, be vertically arranged with fixed energy dissipating stake in the energy dissipating ditch, be equipped with perforated drain pipe along bottom of trench.
2. a kind of sponge greenery patches of suitable mountain topography as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that by first coarse sands layer
It is substituted for the double-deck permeable geotextiles of 250g/ ㎡.
3. a kind of sponge greenery patches of suitable mountain topography as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the width of the energy dissipating ditch
Not less than 400mm.
4. a kind of sponge Green Space Construction method of suitable mountain topography, it is characterised in that：According to the different gradient pair of mountain topography
Corresponding region carries out Green Space Construction respectively, including：
The following implement sequence on 3 ° of -8 ° of gentle slopes：
Step 1：Excavation transformation, cutting depth 850mm-1800mm are integrally carried out to former slope surface；
Step 2：Improved slope surface is excavated to step 1 and is laid with the first gravel layer, first gravel layer is with a thickness of 250mm-
300mm is laterally laid with the first perforated drain pipe along slope surface in first gravel layer；
Step 3：The first coarse sands layer is laid in the first gravel layer slope surface described in step 2, first gross sand thickness is
200mm；
Step 4：Backfill and tamp first kind of plant soil horizon in the first coarse sands layer slope surface described in step 3, backfill with a thickness of
500mm-1200mm, described first kind is planted soil horizon backfill into 6% piece-wise step shape hillside fields；
Step 5：Green vegetation is planted in first kind of plant soil horizon slope surface described in step 4；
With the following implement sequence on 8 ° of -15 ° of abrupt slopes：
Step I：Excavation transformation integrally carried out to former slope surface, cutting depth 700mm-1300mm, and between laterally excavating along slope surface
Every several energy dissipating ditches, the cutting depth of the energy dissipating ditch is more than former slope surface entirety cutting depth, and in the energy dissipating ditch
It is vertically arranged fixed energy dissipating stake, is laid with perforated drain pipe along bottom of trench；
Step II：To the region other than the energy dissipating ditch, improved slope surface is excavated in step I and is laid with the second gravel layer, it is described
Second gravel layer is laid with the second perforated drain pipe along water (flow) direction in second gravel layer with a thickness of 250mm-300mm；
Step III：To the region other than the energy dissipating ditch, it is laid with the second coarse sands layer in the second gravel layer slope surface described in step II,
Second gross sand thickness is 250mm；
Step IV：To the region other than the energy dissipating ditch, is backfilled and tamped second in the coarse sand level described in step III
Soil horizon is planted, is backfilled with a thickness of 200mm-700mm；
Step V：Green vegetation is planted in second kind of plant soil horizon slope surface described in step IV.
5. a kind of sponge Green Space Construction method of suitable mountain topography as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the energy dissipating
The width of ditch is not less than 400mm.
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| CN109629630A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-04-16 | 广西科技大学 | A kind of massif rainwater cavernous body method of construction preventing waterlogging |
| CN111173110A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-05-19 | 江苏省东台中等专业学校 | Method for building mountain flood control drainage system |
| CN111691527A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-09-22 | 中国一冶集团有限公司 | System for greening and irrigating by using river water and rainwater |
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| JPH08338027A (en) * | 1995-06-13 | 1996-12-24 | Ohbayashi Corp | Construction of slope of embankment |
| CN2770315Y (en) * | 2004-12-27 | 2006-04-12 | 河海大学 | Landscape type multi-step artificial wet-land slope protection system |
| KR100958119B1 (en) * | 2009-09-21 | 2010-05-19 | (주)경동기술공사 | A protection system for slope with vegetation mats |
| CN203393676U (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2014-01-15 | 江苏山水环境建设集团股份有限公司 | Cast-in-situ inverted filtration vegetative concrete ecological slope protection system |
| CN104496110B (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2016-09-07 | 北京建筑大学 | Soil filtration device |
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