CN106805940A - A kind of continuous wave bioradar sign detection means - Google Patents
A kind of continuous wave bioradar sign detection means Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of continuous wave bioradar sign detection means is related to a kind of detection means, more particularly to a kind of continuous wave bioradar sign detection means.Contactless vital sign detection technique can provide a kind of effective supplementary means for health supervision.Invention develops human body vital sign detection means using microwave radar technology.The detection of continuous wave radar circuit realiration human body micro-tremor signal is designed according to doppler principle；Human heart rate and respiratory rate parameter extraction are realized using Short Time Fourier Transform and interpolation algorithm；Introduce embedded platform and realize the Miniaturization Design of device and integrated；Establishment Embedded real-time signal processing software realizes real-time signal transacting, record and display.Experimental study and performance evaluating are carried out by using analogue means and human body, is as a result shown：Detecting system can the single static human body target of effective detection vital sign, operating distance scope reaches 90cm, and heart rate discrimination is up to 96%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detection means, more particularly to a kind of continuous wave bioradar sign detection means.
Background technology
Used as a kind of emerging bio-signal acquisition mode, microwave biological radar can detect the vital sign parameter signals such as human body cardiopulmonary activity.Compared with traditional electrocardio, pulse etc., it is not only contactless, and with good penetrability, the barriers such as clothes and bed clothes can be penetrated and detected, these advantages cause that microwave biological Radar Technology has application potential in fields such as medical diagnosis, health supervision, disaster reliefs.
At present, the existing correlation theory research of non-contact vital sign detection of applied microwave bioradar technology；The report of the existing Integration Design of bioradar transceiver circuit；More researchs are just being put into radar echo signal treatment, human motion or physiologic information and are being extracted, and how to make the aspects such as bioradar system compact.Towards application scenarios such as medical diagnosis, home health cares, the features such as microwave biological radar is needed with practical, good portability, low cost.
The content of the invention
Noncontact sign detection means the invention aims to develop good practicality, good portability, low cost, devises a kind of continuous wave bioradar sign detection means.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：Continuous wave bioradar sign detection means is made up of the part such as radar front end, ASP, ADC, signal processing unit, ancillary equipment.Continuous wave bioradar is designed as an independent system on hardware, and volume size is（12×6×17)cm3, User Interface is touch display screen, and the nonmetallic window in lower end is received and dispatched for antenna, and system uses lithium battery power supply, and cruising time of once charging is up to 12h.Continuous wave bioradar launches Electromagnetic Continuous ripple to human body target, while receiving the echo of body surface reflection, by the change of the frequency or phase of echo-signal, extracts and be calculated the fine motion information of body surface.Because wave frequency is higher, reflection on human body skin with Air Interface is stronger, but the reflection on the barriers such as clothes can also increase simultaneously, in order to obtain accuracy of detection higher, and reducing the power of clutter, usual bioradar selects (2.4~60)
The carrier frequency of GHz.In terms of physiology, body surface fine motion information can reflect some physiological activities of human body, such as detect that the vibration of the wall of the chest can be breathed, heartbeat cardiopulmonary activity relevant information.The body surface mechanical oscillation amplitude that the heart beat motion of normal human can cause is 0.6mm or so；By the amplitude of respiration generation in (4 ~ 12)
Mm or so.If detecting chest wall movement using the bioradar of 10GHz frequency ranges, the chest wall displacement of every 1 mm will cause maximum 25.2 ° phase offset, thus in theory, although chest wall oscillations amplitude very little, the phase pushing figure for being reflected in radar base band remains able to be resolved out when carrier frequency is sufficiently high.
Described radar front end is launched using constant amplitude sinusoid, zero intermediate frequency reciver structure, and radar carrier operation frequency range is 10GHz.
Antenna used by described transmitting-receiving is microstrip antenna, to save volume.
Described analog signal processing circuit (ASP) realizes amplification filtering and the voltage movement of signal, analog filter suppresses direct current offset and low-frequency noise using the lower-cut-off frequency of 0.1Hz, and sampling aliasing occurs using the upper cut-off frequency of 100Hz anti-stop signal.
Described analog-to-digital conversion uses 16bit high-precision adcs.
Described signal processing unit is embedded platform, for the work of Digital Signal Processing and each concatenation unit of regulation and control；Synchronous signal processing unit is connected with various ancillary equipment, on the one hand realizes the output of vital sign result, including display, alarm, data storage and compunication etc.；On the other hand realize the control signal input of user, including control system operation, the function such as system various parameters is set.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Set forth herein a kind of vital sign detection method of use continuous wave bioradar technology, designed detection means is integrated with microwave radar circuit, analog signal processing circuit, ADC, Embedded real-time signal processing circuit and ancillary equipment, and Integration Design has been carried out to detection means, make battery powered portable equipment.Detection means can be to 90
The faint motion of target in the range of cm carries out contactless real-time monitoring.When being tested using single static human body target, in the distance of 30 cm compared with pulse transducer, recognition correct rate is 96.1%.In addition, be further experimental study this system improves the portability and ease of use of bioradar, and laid the first stone towards the research of the applications such as interference with respiration diseases diagnosis, sleep monitor, baby's detection.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is continuous wave bioradar front-end circuit schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is system principle diagram.
Specific embodiment
As shown in figure 1,
Microwave biological radar provides a kind of contactless, the means of the detection organism movable information with certain penetration capacity.Wherein, continuous wave radar detects the movable informations such as displacement, the speed of target using the Doppler effect of electromagnetic wave, and simple structure receives signal disposable.Continuous wave bioradar launches Electromagnetic Continuous ripple to human body target, while receiving the echo of body surface reflection, by the change of the frequency or phase of echo-signal, extracts and be calculated the fine motion information of body surface.Because wave frequency is higher, reflection on human body skin with Air Interface is stronger, but the reflection on the barriers such as clothes can also increase simultaneously, in order to obtain accuracy of detection higher, and reduce the power of clutter, carrier frequency of the usual bioradar from (2.4~60) GHz.In terms of physiology, body surface fine motion information can reflect some physiological activities of human body, such as detect that the vibration of the wall of the chest can be breathed, heartbeat cardiopulmonary activity relevant information.The body surface mechanical oscillation amplitude that the heart beat motion of normal human can cause is 0.6
Mm or so；By the amplitude of respiration generation in (4 ~ 12) mm or so.If detecting chest wall movement using the bioradar of 10GHz frequency ranges, the chest wall displacement of every 1 mm will cause maximum 25.2 ° phase offset, thus in theory, although chest wall oscillations amplitude very little, the phase pushing figure for being reflected in radar base band remains able to be resolved out when carrier frequency is sufficiently high.The front radio-frequency circuit of continuous wave bioradar generally uses Direct Conversion structure, including dual-mode antenna, match circuit, oscillator, frequency mixer, radio frequency and analog filter etc..Fig. 1 describes continuous wave bioradar radio-frequency front-end schematic diagram.Assuming that human body target is producing periodic motion x (t) at dual-mode antenna d0, the sinusoidal signal that oscillator is produced is used as radar emission signal T (t), and it is supplied to receiving path as local oscillation signal LO (t) simultaneously, it is changed into receiving signal R (t) after the distance of transmission signal propagation 2d (t).Signal is received to be mixed with LO (t) signals in radar receiver and obtain baseband signal output B (t) by LPF.In single channel receiver structure, total phase offset has highest phase demodulating precision when being the integral multiple of pi/2, and when the changes in amplitude of x (t) is smaller using small angle approximate condition, B (t) it is approximate be proportional to 4 π x (t)/λ
.The periodical information of the extraction more attention signal of bioradar vital sign herein, the distortion requirement to waveform is relatively low, therefore the need for meeting algorithm by directly carrying out the extraction of useful signal.
As shown in Fig. 2 continuous wave bioradar sign detection means is made up of the part such as radar front end, ASP, ADC, signal processing unit, ancillary equipment.Continuous wave bioradar is designed as an independent system on hardware, and volume size is（12×6×17)cm3, User Interface is touch display screen, and the nonmetallic window in lower end is received and dispatched for antenna, and system uses lithium battery power supply, and cruising time of once charging is up to 12h.The heart rate of this paper/respiratory rate detection method flow is as follows：First, detection algorithm is obtained to radar receiver pretreatment and the primary signal after quantifying carry out bandpass filtering and down-sampled.The purpose of bandpass filtering is that breathing is separated with heartbeat signal, has anti-aliasing effect simultaneously for down-sampled.It is (0.1 ~ 0.75) Hz and (0.75 ~ 10) that breathing and heartbeat signal band logical cut-off frequency are separately designed
Hz.The down-sampled amount of calculation for helping to reduce algorithm is carried out after filtering.It is after this to carry out Spectrum Conversion, in view of the demand detected to cardiopulmonary activity Changing Pattern, cardiopulmonary activity information is extracted from continuous wave bioradar signal using the method for time frequency analysis herein, the Time-Frequency Information of radar baseband signal is obtained by Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT).STFT carrys out intercept signal and does Fourier analysis using window function, and window function is moved then along signal time direction, obtains frequency and changes with time relation.The key issue for carrying out signal transacting using STFT methods is the rational window function of length to be selected, compromise consider frequency resolution and temporal resolution, to meet reality the need for.When length of window is too small, the recognition result of heart rate changes with time acutely, there is larger truncation noise (Truncation noise), and now frequency resolution is low, influences the accuracy rate of recognition result；Longer algorithm process can be caused to postpone when length of window is excessive, temporal resolution is low, and increases amount of calculation.By experiment, for heartbeat signal, length of window is ideal in 10 s or so.STFT is the analysis of spectrum based on DFT, and rapid computations are realized using FFT, thus is particularly suitable for real time signal processing.The frequency resolution that Spectrum Conversion is obtained is solely dependent upon the time span of signal in window function, and for the time delay for ensureing detection algorithm is smaller, the signal time length taken can not be long so as to limit frequency resolution.Therefore the bigness scale that Frequency Estimation realizes frequency is carried out using STFT herein, estimated accuracy is improved using interpolation method after this.Text carries out peak-seeking respectively using 1000 points of frequency spectrum interpolation computing in heartbeat and breathing frequency range, and available heart rate result calculating resolution is 0.005Hz, i.e. 0.3bpm（beat pear minute）.Finally, find spectrum peak and result is smoothed, calculate heart rate and respiratory rate.There is the complicated noise jamming of situation in actual signal, the spectrum peak of the heart rate obtained after each interpolation and breathing frequency range probably due to strong clutter and undergo mutation.To avoid this kind of very noisy from causing identification mistake, spectrum peak follow-up mechanism is introduced.Thinking the heart rate and respiratory rate of human body target will not be mutated, and following range be set accordingly, and correct in real time；Exceed the threshold value of setting, frequency of mutation point simultaneously for paroxysmal, mutation content in recognition result and may be considered high reject signal more than the point of set following range, rejecting treatment is done to this high reject signal.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of continuous wave bioradar sign detection means, is made up of the part such as radar front end, ASP, ADC, signal processing unit, ancillary equipment；Continuous wave bioradar is designed as an independent system on hardware, and volume size is（12×6×17)cm3, User Interface is touch display screen, and the nonmetallic window in lower end is received and dispatched for antenna, and system uses lithium battery power supply, and cruising time of once charging is up to 12h；Continuous wave bioradar launches Electromagnetic Continuous ripple to human body target, while receiving the echo of body surface reflection, by the change of the frequency or phase of echo-signal, extracts and be calculated the fine motion information of body surface；Because wave frequency is higher, reflection on human body skin with Air Interface is stronger, but the reflection on the barriers such as clothes can also increase simultaneously, in order to obtain accuracy of detection higher, and reduce the power of clutter, carrier frequency of the usual bioradar from (2.4~60) GHz；In terms of physiology, body surface fine motion information can reflect some physiological activities of human body, such as detect that the vibration of the wall of the chest can be breathed, heartbeat cardiopulmonary activity relevant information；The body surface mechanical oscillation amplitude that the heart beat motion of normal human can cause is 0.6mm or so；By the amplitude of respiration generation in (4 ~ 12)
Mm or so；If detecting chest wall movement using the bioradar of 10GHz frequency ranges, the chest wall displacement of every 1 mm will cause maximum 25.2 ° phase offset, thus in theory, although chest wall oscillations amplitude very little, the phase pushing figure for being reflected in radar base band remains able to be resolved out when carrier frequency is sufficiently high.
2. a kind of continuous wave bioradar sign detection means according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described radar front end is launched using constant amplitude sinusoid, zero intermediate frequency reciver structure, radar carrier operation frequency range is 10GHz.
3. a kind of continuous wave bioradar sign detection means according to claim 1, it is characterized in that antenna used by described transmitting-receiving is microstrip antenna, to save volume.
4. a kind of continuous wave bioradar sign detection means according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described analog signal processing circuit (ASP) realizes amplification filtering and the voltage movement of signal, analog filter suppresses direct current offset and low-frequency noise using the lower-cut-off frequency of 0.1Hz, and sampling aliasing occurs using the upper cut-off frequency of 100Hz anti-stop signal.
5. a kind of continuous wave bioradar sign detection means according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described analog-to-digital conversion uses 16bit high-precision adcs.
6. a kind of continuous wave bioradar sign detection means according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described signal processing unit is embedded platform, for the work of Digital Signal Processing and each concatenation unit of regulation and control；Synchronous signal processing unit is connected with various ancillary equipment, on the one hand realizes the output of vital sign result, including display, alarm, data storage and compunication etc.；On the other hand realize the control signal input of user, including control system operation, the function such as system various parameters is set.
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