CN106793128B - A kind of channel wireless radio multi Mesh network TDMA resource allocation methods - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
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- H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
- H04W72/1263—Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of channel wireless radio multi Mesh network TDMA resource allocation methods, including control channel time slot allocation procedures and data channel time slot allocation procedures, wherein: control channel time slot allocation procedures: when node sends signaling in the fixation time slot of oneself, only this node is in transmission state, other nodes are in the state of listening to；Node can also be multiplexed other idle fixation time slots；Data channel time slot assigning process: node carries out reservation negotiation to data channel interface-free resources on a control channel, and the time domain initial position of transmitting-receiving node on a data channel is determined after the completion of reserving and negotiating.The present invention effectively increases channel resource utilization rate, reduces the collision rate of control channel signaling under traditional C/S MA mechanism, eliminates the waiting time that the carrier sense before data packet is sent and competition are sent, effectively improves system bandwidth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication fields, more particularly to a kind of resource allocation side channel wireless radio multi Mesh network TDMA
Method.
Background technique
Wireless Mesh network technology has the characteristic of self-organizing self-configuring, rapid deployment and flexible expansion, is next-generation wide
One of key technology with cordless communication network.Conventional wireless Mesh network is mostly used based on carrier sense/conflict avoidance
(CSMA/CA) access mechanism.The mechanism will generate serious conflict when node density is larger, cause system performance sharply under
Drop.And TDMA mechanism is reserved by the dynamic to data slot, it is possible to prevente effectively from due to the conflict of competition generation.
Wireless Mesh netword mac-layer protocol based on TDMA can improve to a greater extent under the network environment of height competition
Radio channel utilization efficiently distributes channel resource, therefore can provide higher network capacity.Especially protected in some QOS
Hindering in network that is more demanding and needing reserved resource has bigger advantage.
A kind of access mechanism for being based on carrier sense/conflict avoidance (CSMA/CA) is disclosed in the prior art.Control signaling
It needs to listen to channel before sending with user data, if the free time can send immediately, if channel is busy, when waiting one section
Between until channel in data information transfer after initiate again.It also needs to carry out rollback trial if data generation has conflicted, into
The re-transmission of row related data information.The mechanism will generate serious conflict when node density is larger, lead to system performance sharply
Decline.The communication situation of unsuitable high bandwidth requirements, and the signaling frame of some no feedbacks can only be lost after conflict；Separately
Outside, the problem of concealed terminal, it will also result in being greatly lowered for bandwidth.
A kind of TDMA mechanism based on fixed time slot allocation is also disclosed in the prior art, i.e., to node institutes all in network
The time-space distribution used carries out static time slot and divides.System is fixed as each according to factors such as node capacity and neighborhoods
Node device distributes its exclusive resource timeslot, and other nodes can be listened in the time slot.In the mechanism each node when
Gap resource is established initial stage in system and is allocated in advance, is difficult to be adjusted during the work time, does not adapt to dynamic topology change
The network characteristic of change, the variation that node sends data traffic for it is insensitive, will also result in a large amount of losses of bandwidth.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of multichannel for being able to solve defect existing in the prior art without
Line Mesh network TDMA resource allocation methods.
Technical solution: channel wireless radio multi Mesh network TDMA resource allocation methods of the present invention, including control channel
Time slot allocation procedures and data channel time slot allocation procedures, in which:
Control channel time slot allocation procedures: when node sends signaling in the fixation time slot of oneself, only this node is in
Transmission state, other nodes are in the state of listening to；Node can also be multiplexed other idle fixation time slots；
Data channel time slot assigning process: node carries out reservation negotiation to data channel interface-free resources on a control channel,
And the time domain initial position of transmitting-receiving node on a data channel is determined after the completion of reserving and negotiating.
Further, in the control channel time slot allocation procedures, node can be multiplexed consolidating for the neighbor node within double bounce
Timing gap.
Further, the multiplexing of the fixed time slot of neighbor node carries out by the following method within the double bounce: node passes through pre-
Mode about subscribes to fixed time slot, and is broadcasted within the scope of double bounce.
Further, the mode of the reservation is that reserve requests carrying is carried out periodic advertisement, Huo Zhe in broadcast frame
It is notified in negotiating frame when adjacent node discovery interface-free resources conflict.
Further, in the control channel time slot allocation procedures, node can be multiplexed consolidating for the neighbor node other than double bounce
Timing gap.
Further, the multiplexing of the fixed time slot of neighbor node carries out by the following method other than the double bounce: node is based on two
The idle fixation time slot of hop neighbor list selection, is occupied with certain probability；If node is sent in a broadcast cycle
The number of signaling has been more than preset times, then re-multiplexing does not fix time slot；If node be more than 1/2 broadcast cycle in also not
Send opportunity is obtained, then can occupy not is fixation time slot 1 time for keeping for oneself；It, can be with if node is newly added
Occupancy is not fixation time slot 3 times for keeping for oneself.
Further, in the data channel time slot assigning process, if the data frame interval that reservation is negotiated spans broadcast
The sending cycle of frame, then judge current broadcast frame sending time slots whether be this node fixation time slot: if it is, node force
The transmission that control channel carries out broadcast frame is switched back into, the determining data channel of reservation negotiation is switched to after terminating again and continues data
The transmission of frame；Otherwise, then judge whether node is in transmission state, if it is, stopping transmission state and being converted to reception shape
State is listened to, if it is not, then node does not do any variation.
The utility model has the advantages that compared with prior art, the present invention have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
(1) in the present invention, the mode that the fixed time slot allocation of control channel and dynamic time slot allocation combine is to interface-free resources
It is divided, if demand of the node without transmission signaling in the fixation time slot of oneself, the time slot that can be fixed give other
Node uses, and efficiently solves the collision problem of broadcast frame under traditional C/S MA mechanism in this way, improves channel resource utilization rate, have
Help the routing of wireless Mesh netword and neighborhood convergence under mobile context；
(2) present invention effectively reduces the collision rate of control channel signaling under traditional C/S MA mechanism, eliminates data packet hair
The waiting time that carrier sense and competition before sending are sent, effectively improve system bandwidth.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the topological diagram of the Mesh network of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the running time-frequency resource of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the control channel time slot allocation figure of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the data channel time slot distribution diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, technical solution of the present invention is further introduced.
Present embodiment discloses a kind of channel wireless radio multi Mesh network TDMA resource allocation methods, including control letter
Road time slot allocation procedures and data channel time slot allocation procedures, in which:
Control channel time slot allocation procedures: this is a kind of semi-static assigning process, the entire running time-frequency resource quilt of control channel
It is divided into time slot one by one, each node determines this on the basis of the whole network is synchronous, according to node logical LID% number of nodes N
Node signaling frame time slot position.When signaling frame time slot position requires node to send signaling in the fixation time slot of oneself, only originally
Node is in transmission state, other nodes are in the state of listening to.Node can also be multiplexed other idle fixation time slots.
Data channel time slot assigning process: this is a kind of dynamic allocation procedure, and node is on a control channel according to scheduler
Reservation negotiation is carried out to data channel interface-free resources to the result of data packet dispatching, and determines transmitting-receiving section after the completion of reserving and negotiating
The time domain initial position of point on a data channel.The minimum unit of resource allocation is the integral multiple of time slot.Time slot refers to node sky
The minimum running time-frequency resource unit that mouth resource can be divided.
In present embodiment, each node has multiple physical channels, wherein a channel is logical as sending
Road, other channels are as receiving channel.Each channel can be only in a frequency range in the same time, and being in communication with each other between node is wanted
Ask transmitting-receiving both ends that must be maintained in identical frequency range in communication occasions, unless using control channel.Each channel in principle
Working channel can arbitrarily switch in entirely work frequency domain, will in view of the complexity realized in present embodiment
Control channel is fixed, and data channel can arbitrarily switch between multiple frequency ranges.Working channel can carry out dynamic instruction by software,
Initial stage progress static allocation can also be established in system by configuration file.
The whole network time synchronization can be used external clock reference and synchronize to the whole network node, and internal clock source, root can also be used
Select to net some interior node as clock source according to the Clock properties of node or other uniqueness characteristics, other nodes are with the clock
Source node synchronizes.
Node logical LID refers to the exclusive number of instruction node, is to be imported when node does not power on by configuration file
In node, node logical LID of the node in the same Mesh network is unique.Number of nodes N refers to a Mesh net
The maximum node number that can be accommodated in network.
Signaling frame includes two kinds of resources, i.e. broadcast frame resource and negotiation frame resource.Wherein, broadcast frame resource is without multiple
With negotiation frame resource is not multiplexed according to configuration parameter support, reserves multiplexing and seizes these three multiplex modes of multiplexing.
Reservation multiplex mode refers to that node can be multiplexed the resource of neighbours within double bounce, is ordered by way of reservation
It reads, and is broadcasted within the scope of double bounce；Reserve resource can keep single subframe, can also keep a certain number of subframes.Its
In, the mode of reservation can carry reserve requests carries out periodic advertisement in broadcast frame, can also work as adjacent node equipment
It was found that being notified in negotiating frame when interface-free resources conflict.
It seizes multiplex mode to refer to, node can be multiplexed the resource of neighbours other than double bounce, as discovery idling-resource Shi Yiyi
Determine probability to carry out seizing use；Each node can select idle broadcast resource based on two-hop neighbors list, with certain probability into
Row occupies；If node has had sent repeatedly in a broadcast cycle, resource is no longer additionally occupied.If node is being more than
There is no send opportunity in 1/2 broadcast cycle, then can occupy unreserved broadcast resource 1 time to increase transmitter
Meeting.It can be additional on unreserved broadcast resource to accelerate to allow other node perceived to its presence to the node being newly added
It sends 3 times.
The process that reservation is negotiated is specifically: service originating point is negotiated frame slot at it according to the data traffic of scheduling and is sent
RTS frame carries working channel and data traffic information in RTS frame, and business receiving node negotiates frame slot at it and responds CTS frame,
Confirmation message is carried in CTS frame.
The process for determining the time domain initial position of transmitting-receiving node on a data channel is specifically: transmitting-receiving node arranges data frame
The channel and data frame of transmission position shared in the running time-frequency resource under the channel and data length.Positional distance CTS
One fixed value of frame period.After delay, working channel is all switched to the number consulted by sending node and receiving node
It is believed that road, starts the transmission of data frame.Wherein, the fixed value at the interval CTS needs to consider frequency error factor time delay, propagation delay time, place
The physical layers such as time delay and transmitting-receiving conversion time delay are managed because usually being planned, can also be configured according to test empirical value.Data frame
Consistent length, can be more with Fd, and allocated length is longer, but may not exceed maximum frame length；And the length should be returned including receiving node
The discreet values such as time span, propagation delay time and the transmitting-receiving conversion time delay of multiple ACK/NACK.
After node is transmitted on a data channel namely sending node receive ACK/NACK feedback after, switch at once
Control channel is returned, to prepare channel booking negotiation next time.
Wherein, the maximum frame length refers to that node device data channel resource reservation got is eating dishes without rice or wine continuously to pass
The factors such as data resource, feedback information resource and channel guard interval can be considered in the maximum length of transmission of data, the length, can
Different business scene is adapted to dynamic configuration, can also be the minimum particle size of resource allocation with fixed allocation, unit.
In data channel time slot assigning process, if the data frame interval that reservation is negotiated spans the transmission week of broadcast frame
Phase, then judge current broadcast frame sending time slots whether be this node fixation time slot: if it is, node pressure switch back into control
Channel carries out the transmission of broadcast frame, is switched to reservation after terminating again and negotiates the transmission that determining data channel continues data frame；
Otherwise, then switch without channel, and judge whether node is in transmission state, if it is, stopping transmission state and converting
It is listened to for reception state, if it is not, then node does not do any variation.
In addition, method disclosed in present embodiment both can be applied in channel wireless radio multi network, can also apply
In single channel wireless network.
Technical solution of the present invention is further introduced below by one embodiment.
Fig. 1 is the topological structure of a wireless communication Mesh network, and the network capacity that system is supported is 8 nodes, dotted line
The node of connection neighbor node each other.
Fig. 2 is the video resource figure of node, and horizontal axis indicates time domain, and unit is OFDM symbol；The longitudinal axis indicates frequency domain, supports F1
To Fn working channel.
In the present embodiment, for node using double multi-channel models for receiving single-shots, i.e. it is logical that a node device gathers around that there are two radio frequencies
Road: one of radio-frequency channel only has receiving end not have transmitting terminal, and fixed work is on a control channel；Another radio-frequency channel was both
Can send also can receive, and can be only in a single frequency range in the same time, and node intercommunication then requires
Transmitting-receiving both ends must be maintained in identical frequency range in communication occasions, unless using control channel.Certainly, this method can also fit
For other multi-channel models for receiving single-shot, principle is similar, and details are not described herein again more.
Fig. 3 is the time slot allocation figure of control channel in node interface-free resources.As it can be seen that system is reserved according to the number of nodes of support
Video resource of all nodes for broadcast.The wherein frequency point that Fc characterization control channel uses, broadcast frame resource period carry out
Distribution (its period is configurable, can also determine through consultation).In addition to broadcast frame, other time slots are distributed on negotiation frame, wherein x
Broadcast frame/negotiation frame resource of x-th of node occupancy is characterized, wherein the grid of each band number is an occupancy time slot, number
Characterize node serial number.
After node 1,8 powers on, one's own broadcast frame slot shown in Fig. 3 periodically sends broadcast frame, in other sections
The broadcast frame slot of point is monitored, to complete the work being initially accessed.Hereafter, the neighbor node each other of node 1 and 8.
When there is Business Stream to initiate from node 1, node classifies to operation layer data message, into different priority
Token bucket, token bucket are divided into according to priority corresponding to control signaling/broadcast/multi broadcast/unicast, are provided again unicast service additional
3 kinds of priority token buckets.Scheduler carries out periodic scheduling according to token bucket priority.
According to scheduling result, the working frequency points that this transmission needs the data packet length sent and recommendation are can be obtained in node 1,
And by the content encapsulate RTS frame, sent on control channel Fc, corresponding to the time slot such as corresponding association of Fig. 3 interior joint 1
Shown in quotient's frame slot, in this time slot, other nodes can only be monitored.
If other nodes listen to the RTS frame of the transmission of node 1, the destination node of the frame data non-is known from frame information
Node carries out discard processing.
If node 8 listens to the RTS frame of the transmission of node 1, know that the destination node of the frame data is this section from frame information
Point, then extract the information such as data length and the working frequency points in outbound message, encapsulates CTS frame together with confirmation message, is controlling
It is sent on channel Fc.Time slot corresponding to it is as shown in the corresponding negotiation frame slot of Fig. 3 interior joint 1, in this time slot, other
Node can only be monitored.
Node 8 is immediately switched to the data frame to be received such as data channel consulted after being sent completely.
If other nodes listen to the CTS frame of the transmission of node 8, the destination node of the frame data non-is known from frame information
Node carries out discard processing.
If node 1 listens to the CTS frame of the transmission of node 8, know that the destination node of the frame data is this section from frame information
Point, then basis makes following processing to the parsing of frame information:
1) negotiate successfully
The time slot start-stop position of data frame is determined according to negotiation result, i.e. delay one time slot of distance CTS frame period starts,
Until data frame end.It is then switched to the data channel consulted, starts the transmission of data frame.
Fig. 4 indicates the resource allocation conditions of the data channel time slot of different nodes, as shown in figure 4, first resource item is
The time-frequency resource allocating result once dispatched of the Business Stream between node 1 and node 8 in the present embodiment.It can be seen that association
The channel distributed after quotient is Fd1, and two nodes arrange the time slot by CTS frame is received apart from node 1 as initial position, by distance
Starting position of the deviation post of this one time slot in initial position as data frame time domain.
The processing of the deviation post is intended merely to simplified embodiment, in practical application, need to consider frequency error factor time delay,
Propagation delay time, processing delay and transmitting-receiving conversion time delay, need to provide the deviant according to specific physical layer.As shown,
First resource item is node 1 and node 8 negotiates obtained Fd resource item, and initial position is the starting position of Fd time domain, length
For degree to negotiate obtained resource size, unit is OFDM symbol.
2) channel negotiation fails
After 1 frame of node hears the CTS frame that node 8 is sent, it is the discovery that channel number negotiates failure, illustrates that the channel is unavailable,
It then needs to re-start channel distribution, above-mentioned negotiations process is then re-initiated according to new allocation result.
So far, negotiations process terminates, if node device needs to dispatch there are also data, is repeated according to new scheduling result
State negotiation and time slot allocation procedures.
After data frame is sent each time, sending node equipment and receiving node equipment must be by working channel switchback controls
Channel processed.
If node 1 does not all listen to the CTS frame of reply in primary overtime duration, negotiations process is re-initiated, if
After attempting for several times, then it is assumed that the channel resource negotiated is unavailable.It needs to re-start channel resource allocation at this time, then basis
Channel distribution result re-initiates above-mentioned negotiation and resource allocation process.
In addition, as shown in first resource item in Fig. 4, according to above-mentioned negotiation result, a data frame of node 1 and node 8
The long transmission interval for spanning broadcast frame, if the broadcast frame slot belongs to the sending time slots of node 1, node 1 must will be broadcasted
Frame sending time slots, which reserve, to be come, and stops the transmission work of current data frame in broadcast frame sending time slots initial position, by work
Channel switches to control channel Fc, carries out the transmission work of broadcast frame；Negotiate before being switched back into again after frame slot to be broadcast
Good data channel Fd1 continues the transmission of data frame.Node 7 then haves no need to change state, can proceed with and listens to, because it is more
The structure in channel can be such that it is listened on data channel and control channel simultaneously.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of channel wireless radio multi Mesh network TDMA resource allocation methods, it is characterised in that: including control channel time slot allocation
Process and data channel time slot allocation procedures, in which:
Control channel time slot allocation procedures: when node sends signaling in the fixation time slot of oneself, only this node, which is in, is sent
State, other nodes are in the state of listening to；Node can also be multiplexed other idle fixation time slots；
Data channel time slot assigning process: node carries out reservation negotiation to data channel interface-free resources on a control channel, and
Reservation determines the time domain initial position of transmitting-receiving node on a data channel after the completion of negotiating；
In the data channel time slot assigning process, if the data frame interval that reservation is negotiated spans the transmission week of broadcast frame
Phase, then judge current broadcast frame sending time slots whether be this node fixation time slot: if it is, node pressure switch back into control
Channel carries out the transmission of broadcast frame, is switched to reservation after terminating again and negotiates the transmission that determining data channel continues data frame；
Otherwise, then judge whether node is in transmission state, if it is, stopping transmission state and being converted to reception state and detectd
It listens, if it is not, then node does not do any variation.
2. channel wireless radio multi Mesh network TDMA resource allocation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the control
In channel time slot assigning process processed, node can be multiplexed the fixation time slot of the neighbor node within double bounce.
3. channel wireless radio multi Mesh network TDMA resource allocation methods according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described two
The multiplexing of the fixed time slot of neighbor node carries out by the following method within jump: node subscribes to fixed time slot by way of reservation,
And it is broadcasted within the scope of double bounce.
4. channel wireless radio multi Mesh network TDMA resource allocation methods according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described pre-
Mode about is reserve requests carrying to be carried out to periodic advertisement in broadcast frame, or rush in adjacent node discovery interface-free resources
It is notified in negotiating frame when prominent.
5. channel wireless radio multi Mesh network TDMA resource allocation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the control
In channel time slot assigning process processed, node can be multiplexed the fixation time slot of the neighbor node other than double bounce.
6. channel wireless radio multi Mesh network TDMA resource allocation methods according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described two
The multiplexing of the fixed time slot of neighbor node carries out by the following method other than jump: node is consolidated based on the two-hop neighbors list selection free time
Timing gap is occupied with certain probability；If the number that node sends signaling in a broadcast cycle has been more than default time
Number, then re-multiplexing does not fix time slot；If node be more than 1/2 broadcast cycle in do not obtain send opportunity also, can account for
With not being fixation time slot 1 time for keeping for oneself；If node is newly added, can occupy not is to keep for consolidating for oneself
Timing gap 3 times.
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| CN107360611A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-11-17 | 重庆金美通信有限责任公司 | The method for routing of TDMA wireless network time slot collisions is avoided in the range of a kind of wide area network |
| WO2019047201A1 (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2019-03-14 | 海能达通信股份有限公司 | Wireless transmission resource configuration method and device in wireless mesh network, and communication equipment |
| CN112291859B (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2022-07-08 | 上海酷芯微电子有限公司 | Node device of wireless self-organizing network, scheduling control method and medium |
| CN109936875B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2022-10-04 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | Dual-channel medium access control method based on priority |
| CN108990157B (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2022-03-18 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十研究所 | Conflict buffer-based link time slot allocation method for self-organizing TDMA network |
| CN109714812B (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2021-04-27 | 西安电子科技大学 | Low-power-consumption distributed medium access control method based on TDMA |
| CN109561513B (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2022-03-08 | 四川九洲电器集团有限责任公司 | Distributed conflict-free ad hoc network multiple access protocol |
| CN110167099B (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2021-01-08 | 南京大学 | Ad hoc network routing method and system suitable for narrow-band condition |
| CN112203236B (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2022-03-11 | 华为技术有限公司 | Data transmission method and device |
| CN111405520B (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2022-03-18 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十研究所 | Network addressing mechanism and time slot scheduling method for two-hop access and terminal direct connection |
| CN112634659A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-09 | 大连海事大学 | Embedded-based multi-ship positioning information acquisition and transmission system |
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