CN106785469B - Double-frequency coaxial feed source and antenna with same - Google Patents

Double-frequency coaxial feed source and antenna with same Download PDF

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CN106785469B
CN106785469B CN201611093978.2A CN201611093978A CN106785469B CN 106785469 B CN106785469 B CN 106785469B CN 201611093978 A CN201611093978 A CN 201611093978A CN 106785469 B CN106785469 B CN 106785469B
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CN106785469A (en
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赵娜
宋珊
张楠
王孝卫
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Space Star Technology Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/02Waveguide horns
    • H01Q13/0208Corrugated horns
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/24Polarising devices; Polarisation filters 
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces

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Abstract

The invention discloses a double-frequency coaxial feed source and an antenna with the same, wherein the feed source comprises an inner conductor and an outer conductor which are coaxially arranged; the outer conductor is a coaxial horn working in an L frequency band, and the inner conductor is a dielectric rod horn working in an S frequency band; the medium rod horn is arranged in the inner cavity of the coaxial horn; the coaxial horn comprises a waveguide section, a transverse groove section and a choke groove section which are arranged in sequence; the radiuses of the waveguide section, the transverse groove section and the choke groove section are sequentially increased; the inner side of the transverse groove section, which is close to the waveguide section, is provided with a matching groove, and the waveguide section is connected with the transverse groove section through the matching groove. The feed source adopts a structure that a coaxial horn working at an L frequency band and a dielectric rod horn working at an S frequency band are coaxially nested, so that the feed source can work at the L frequency band and the S frequency band, the problems of wave beam equalization and impedance matching of the coaxial horn under the ultra-wideband condition are effectively solved, and the feed source becomes an ultra-wideband L/S dual-frequency feed source covering the navigation satellite frequency band.

Description

Double-frequency coaxial feed source and antenna with same
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a double-frequency coaxial feed source and an antenna with the same.
Background
The feed source is an important component of the reflector antenna system, and is used for radiating a signal from radio frequency to a reflector in the form of electromagnetic wave and receiving a signal from a satellite through the reflector. At present, antennas used in the field of satellite communication and measurement and control mainly have broadband, high-frequency, dual-frequency or multi-frequency sharing technologies. The dual-frequency or multi-frequency sharing technology solves the problem that one set of antenna multiplexes multiple frequency bands. The coaxial feed source is used as an embedded double-frequency feed source, so that L and S frequency band signals are transmitted through two channels, and the working bandwidth of the feed source is increased.
At present, most of the reported coaxial dual-frequency feed sources are C/Ku dual-frequency band, L/C dual-frequency band and S/X dual-frequency band coaxial feed sources, and the common characteristics of the coaxial dual-frequency feed sources are that the relative bandwidth is narrow and the two working frequency bands are far away from each other. In addition, because the irradiation half angle required by the ring focal antenna is about 40 degrees, the caliber of the coaxial feed source is required to be larger, so that the coaxial feed source is mostly applied to the feed-forward antenna at present, and the application on the double-reflector ring focal antenna is less. Therefore, the application range of the coaxial feed source is limited, and the coaxial feed source has certain limitation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the present invention provides a dual-frequency coaxial feed source to solve the problem that the application range of the conventional coaxial feed source is limited and has a certain limitation.
The double-frequency coaxial feed source is characterized by comprising an inner conductor and an outer conductor which are coaxially arranged;
the outer conductor is a coaxial horn working in an L frequency band, and the inner conductor is a dielectric rod horn working in an S frequency band;
the medium rod horn is arranged in the inner cavity of the coaxial horn;
the coaxial horn comprises a waveguide section, a transverse groove section and a choke groove section which are arranged in sequence; and is
The radiuses of the waveguide section, the transverse groove section and the choke groove section are sequentially increased;
the inner side of the transverse groove section, which is close to the waveguide section, is provided with a matching groove, and the waveguide section is connected with the transverse groove section through the matching groove.
In one embodiment, the transverse trough section is integrally formed with the choke trough section.
In one embodiment, a first medium ring and a second medium ring are arranged between the coaxial horn and the medium rod horn;
the first medium ring and the second medium ring are sleeved on the outer wall of the medium rod loudspeaker and are embedded in the inner wall of the coaxial loudspeaker.
In one embodiment, the choke groove section is provided with a plurality of choke grooves; and is
The depth of each choke groove is 1/4 of the working wavelength of the L frequency band, and the groove pitch of each choke groove is 1/5 of the working wavelength of the L frequency band.
In one embodiment, the inner wall of the transverse groove section is provided with a plurality of identical transverse corrugated grooves;
the length of the transverse corrugated groove is 1/8-1/4 of the working wavelength of the L frequency band.
In one embodiment, the radius of the waveguide segment is smaller than
Figure BDA0001169104350000021
Wherein b is the radius of the outer conductor and a is the radius of the inner conductor.
In one embodiment, the dielectric rod horn comprises a circular waveguide section and a dielectric rod;
the dielectric rod part is inserted in the circular waveguide section and is positioned at the same side of the transverse groove section of the coaxial horn.
In one embodiment, the dielectric rod is connected with the circular waveguide section through a dielectric screw.
In one embodiment, the dielectric rod horn further comprises a metal matching ring and a second choke groove;
the metal matching ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the circular waveguide section;
the second choke groove is provided at a position where the circular waveguide section is connected to the medium rod.
In one embodiment, the radius of the circular waveguide section is less than 1/1.64 of the maximum working wavelength of the dielectric rod horn.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides an antenna which comprises the dual-frequency coaxial feed source.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention can at least obtain the following technical effects:
it is through setting up a dual-frenquency coaxial feed source, this feed source includes coaxial inner conductor and the outer conductor that sets up to adopt the coaxial loudspeaker of work in the L frequency channel as the outer conductor, the dielectric rod loudspeaker of work in the S frequency channel is as the inner conductor, sets up the coaxial setting of inner conductor and outer conductor in order to realize with the dielectric rod loudspeaker in coaxial loudspeaker' S inner chamber, has finally realized the coaxial nested structure of dual-frenquency coaxial feed source. Therefore, the coaxial feed source adopts the coaxial horn working at the L frequency band and the dielectric rod horn working at the S frequency band to form a coaxial nested structure, so that the dual-frequency coaxial feed source can work at the L frequency band and the S frequency band, the broadband receiving of the L frequency band and the uplink measurement and control, the downlink measurement and control and the broadband receiving of the S frequency band are realized, and finally the feed source can be applied to the broadband application of the dual-reflector ring focal antenna, thereby effectively solving the problem that the application range of the traditional coaxial feed source is limited and has certain limitation.
Meanwhile, the coaxial horn serving as the outer conductor is provided with the waveguide section, the transverse groove section and the choking groove section, the radius of the waveguide section, the transverse groove section and the choking groove section are sequentially increased, the inner side, close to the waveguide section, of the transverse groove section is provided with the matching groove, the waveguide section and the transverse groove section are connected through the matching groove, and therefore the transverse groove section is arranged on the coaxial horn and serves as the public section.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dual reflector ring focal antenna according to the present embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-frequency coaxial feed according to the present embodiment;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a dual-frequency coaxial feed according to the present embodiment;
fig. 4 is a feed source pattern of 40 degrees in the L-band illumination angle in the dual-frequency coaxial feed source according to this embodiment;
fig. 5 is a feed pattern of 40 degrees of radiation angle of the S-band in the dual-frequency coaxial feed according to this embodiment;
fig. 6 is a gain pattern diagram of an L-band antenna in a dual-frequency coaxial feed according to the present embodiment;
fig. 7 is a gain pattern of the S-band antenna in the dual-frequency coaxial feed according to this embodiment.
Throughout the drawings, it should be noted that like reference numerals are used to depict the same or similar elements, features and structures.
Detailed Description
The following description with reference to the accompanying drawings is provided to assist in a comprehensive understanding of various embodiments of the disclosure as defined by the claims and their equivalents. The following description includes various specific details to aid understanding, but these details are to be regarded as illustrative only. Accordingly, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications of the various embodiments described herein can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. In addition, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions may be omitted for clarity and conciseness.
The terms and words used in the following description and claims are not limited to literature meanings, but are used only by the inventor to enable the disclosure to be clearly and consistently understood. Accordingly, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the following descriptions of the various embodiments of the present disclosure are provided for illustration only and not for the purpose of limiting the disclosure as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
It is to be understood that the singular forms also include the plural reference unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to a "component surface" includes reference to one or more such surfaces.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-reflector ring-focus antenna 100 according to this embodiment. Referring to fig. 1, the dual reflector ring focal antenna according to the present embodiment is composed of a shaped main reflector 110, a sub-reflector 120, and a dual-frequency coaxial feed 130. The main reflecting surface 110 is a paraboloid of revolution, the sub-reflecting surface 120 is an ellipsoid of revolution, one focus of the ellipse coincides with the focus of the main reflecting surface, and the other focus coincides with the phase center of the dual-frequency coaxial feed 130. The dual-frequency coaxial feed 130 is the front-end device of the 13-meter antenna system and provides a radio frequency path for communication signals. The signal from the satellite is reflected by the reflecting surface and then converged to the focal point of the reflecting surface, and is received by the double-frequency coaxial feed source 130; the signal sent by the dual-frequency coaxial feed source 130 is reflected by the reflecting surface and then is emitted to the satellite.
Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, an overall structural schematic diagram and a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the dual-frequency coaxial feed 130 according to this embodiment are respectively shown. Specifically, in the dual-frequency coaxial feed 130 according to the present embodiment, it mainly includes an inner conductor and an outer conductor that are coaxially disposed. Wherein the outer conductor is a coaxial horn 131 working in the L-band. The inner conductor is a dielectric rod horn 132 operating in the S-band. The dielectric rod horn 132 working in the S-band is disposed in the inner cavity of the coaxial horn 131 working in the L-band, thereby realizing a structure in which the inner conductor and the outer conductor are coaxially nested.
More specifically, referring to fig. 3, in the dual-frequency coaxial feed 130 according to the present embodiment, the coaxial horn 131 serving as the outer conductor includes a waveguide segment 1311, a transverse slot segment 1312, and a choke slot segment 1313, which are sequentially disposed. Wherein the waveguide section 1311, the transverse groove section 1312 and the choke groove section 1313 have radii that increase in this order. That is, the radius of the choke groove segment 1313 is greater than the radius of the transverse groove segment 1312, and the radius of the transverse groove segment 1312 is greater than the radius of the waveguide segment 1311. Furthermore, the transverse groove segment 1312 is opened with a matching groove 13120 near the inner side of the waveguide segment 1311, so that the waveguide segment 1311 is connected to the transverse groove segment 1312 via the matching groove 13120. The transverse channel section 1312 is integral with the choke channel section 1313.
Further, a plurality of lateral corrugated grooves 13121 are formed inside the lateral groove sections 1312. The plurality of transverse corrugated grooves 13121 are identical, and the length of each transverse corrugated groove 13121 is 1/8-1/4 of the working wavelength of the L-band. The reason for this is that by opening a plurality of identical transverse corrugated troughs 13121 in the transverse trough section 1312 is that the coaxial horn 131 operating in the L band transmits the higher order TE11 mode, so the E-plane and H-plane of the feed pattern are not equalized, and thus equalization is achieved by loading the transverse corrugated troughs 13121. And, it can effectively restrain the high order mode from being excited when transmitting the L-band signal by loading the transverse corrugated slot 13121 as the common section on the coaxial horn 131 of the L-band. Meanwhile, high-order modes radiated and excited by the S-band circular waveguide are subjected to effective model transformation and converted into rotationally symmetric HE modes to be radiated, and a symmetric directional diagram is realized.
Meanwhile, referring to fig. 3, in the dual-band coaxial feed 130 according to this embodiment, in the coaxial horn 131 operating in the L-band, the choke groove section 1313 is correspondingly provided with a plurality of first choke grooves 13130. The depth of each first choke groove 13130 is 1/4 of the L-band operating wavelength, and the groove pitch of each first choke groove 13130 is 1/5 of the L-band operating wavelength. Here, it should be noted that, as can be understood by those skilled in the art, the choke section 1313 is disposed on the coaxial horn 131 operating in the L band, and the plurality of first choke grooves 13130 are formed on the inner wall of the choke section 1313, and the effect of this is also to achieve uniformity of the directional pattern.
In addition, it should be noted that the radiation mode of the coaxial horn 131 operating in the L band in this embodiment is the TE11 mode, which is a higher order mode of the coaxial waveguide. The main mode of the coaxial waveguide is a TEM mode, as shown in fig. 3, a is the radius of the coaxial inner conductor, i.e. the outer diameter of the S-band circular waveguide; b is the radius of the coaxial outer conductor. The cut-off wavelengths of the higher-order mode TE11 and the higher-order mode TE21 of the coaxial waveguide are as follows:
TE11 mode cutoff wavelength: lambda [ alpha ]cTE11=π(b+a);
TE21 mode cutoff wavelength:
Figure BDA0001169104350000061
the radius value range of the L-band coaxial waveguide can be calculated through the formula. That is, the waveguide segment 1311 has a radius smaller than
Figure BDA0001169104350000062
In addition, since the input end of the L-band needs 50 ohm impedance matching, the L-band is obtained by the formula
Figure BDA0001169104350000063
The radius of the L-band coaxial waveguide can be calculated.
Further, referring to fig. 2 and 3, in the dual-frequency coaxial feed 130 according to the present embodiment, the radiation modes of the dielectric rod horn 132 operating in the S-band as the inner conductor are a TE21 mode and a TE11 mode. Which specifically includes a circular waveguide segment 1321 and a dielectric rod 1322.
Because the dielectric rod horn working in the S-band needs to satisfy the self-tracking requirement, the radius of the circular waveguide segment 1321 is smaller than 1/1.64 of the maximum working wavelength of the dielectric rod horn 132. The dielectric rods 1322 are preferably made of polytetrafluoroethylene having a dielectric constant of 2.1. The dielectric rod 1322 is partially inserted into the circular waveguide 1321, and the portion exposed outside the circular waveguide 1321 is on the same side as the transverse slot 1312 and the choke slot 1313 of the coaxial horn 131.
Note that, referring to fig. 3, the portion of the dielectric rod 1322 connected to the circular waveguide 1321 is connected by a dielectric screw 1323. And, a portion of the dielectric rod 1322 inserted into the circular waveguide 1321 (i.e., a portion of the dielectric rod 1322 connected to the circular waveguide 1321) is a matching section, and the matching section is configured to be step-shaped, so that a good standing wave characteristic is achieved through step transition.
Meanwhile, referring to fig. 3, since the length of the dielectric rod 1322 affects the gain of the dielectric rod horn 132 and the edge level value corresponding to the radiation angle, and the L-band and the S-band are closer to each other, coupling is easily caused, in the dielectric rod horn 132 described in this embodiment, it is improved by loading the second choke groove 1325. Specifically, the second choke groove 1325 is loaded at a position where the medium rod 1322 is connected to the circular waveguide section 1321, and is provided on the outer wall of the medium rod 1322.
In addition, referring to fig. 2 and 3, a metal matching ring 1324 is further provided around the outer wall of the circular waveguide 1321, and the L standing wave characteristic is further improved by the metal matching ring 1324. Note that the number of the metal matching rings 1324 may be plural. Preferably, in this embodiment, it provides further improvement of the standing wave by providing three metal matching rings 1324. And, the three metal matching rings 1324 are sequentially arranged and sleeved on the outer wall of the circular waveguide section 1321.
Meanwhile, since the dielectric rod horn 132 operating in the S-band is designed with consideration of the need for single pulse tracking, the radius of the circular waveguide segment 1321 is large. The radiation modes of the S-band dielectric rod horn 132 are a main mode TE11 mode and a higher-order mode TE21 mode. As shown in fig. 3, R is the radius of the circular waveguide 1321, i.e. the inner diameter of the S-band dielectric rod horn 132, and the cutoff wavelengths of the main mode TE11, the high-order modes TM01, TE21 and TE01/TM11 are as follows:
TE11 mode cutoff wavelength: lambda [ alpha ]cTE11=3.41R;
TM01 mode cutoff wavelength: lambda [ alpha ]cTM01=2.62R;
TE21 mode cutoff wavelength: lambda [ alpha ]cTE21=2.06R;
TE01/TM01 mode cutoff wavelength: lambda [ alpha ]cTE01/TM01=1.64R;
The inner diameter R of the S-band dielectric rod horn can be calculated through the formula.
Further, referring to fig. 2 and 3, when the dielectric rod horn 132 operating in the S-band as the inner conductor is nested in the inner cavity of the coaxial horn 131 operating in the L-band as the outer conductor, it is realized by the support and matching of the first dielectric ring 133 and the second dielectric ring 134 in particular, in view of the stability of the phase center.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the first dielectric ring 133 and the second dielectric ring 134 are both sleeved on the outer wall of the dielectric rod horn 132 (specifically, on the outer wall of the circular waveguide section 1321) and are embedded on the inner wall of the coaxial horn 131 (specifically, on the inner wall of the waveguide section 1311 and the inner wall of the transverse groove section 1312), and the structure is simple and easy to implement. And, it also plays an improving role to the L standing wave at the same time by sleeving the first medium ring 133 and the second medium ring 134 on the outer wall of the medium rod horn 132.
Note that the first dielectric ring 133 and the second dielectric ring 134 are respectively located on both sides of the metal matching ring 1324. That is, metal matching ring 1324 is disposed between first dielectric ring 133 and second dielectric ring 134, and second dielectric ring 134 is disposed immediately adjacent to matching slot 13120.
Further, the dual-frequency coaxial feed 130 of this embodiment adopting any of the above structures is an L/S dual-frequency coaxial feed with an irradiation angle of 40 degrees, is applied to a 13-meter large-aperture dual-reflector ring focal antenna, and is an ultra-wideband dual-frequency feed that satisfies the requirements of a system for L-band navigation reception, S-band uplink measurement and control, S-band downlink measurement and control, and S-band broadband reception. Wherein, fig. 4 and 5 show the direction diagram of the feed source, the abscissa is the theta value, and the unit is degree; the ordinate is the amplitude value, in dB values. FIGS. 6 and 7 show antenna gain patterns with theta values on the abscissa in degrees; the ordinate is the gain in dB values.
Therefore, the dual-frequency coaxial feed source 130 according to the embodiment can be applied to a dual-reflector ring focal antenna, and adopts a structure that the coaxial horn 131 working in the L frequency band and the dielectric rod horn 132 working in the S frequency band are coaxially nested, so that the feed source can work in the L frequency band and the S frequency band, the problems of beam equalization and impedance matching of the coaxial horn under the ultra wide band condition are effectively solved, and the L/S dual-frequency feed source has an equalized directional pattern and a consistent phase center at an irradiation angle of 40 degrees, so that the L/S dual-frequency feed source becomes an ultra wide band L/S dual-frequency feed source covering the frequency band of a navigation satellite.
Moreover, the L-band coaxial horn 131 adopts the design of an L-band broadband corrugated horn and a transverse corrugated groove 13121 to realize the equalization of beams in the L-band, and the groove depth of a first choke groove 13130 is 1/8-1/4 of the working wavelength; the S-band loudspeaker 132 adopts a medium rod form, and can meet the requirement of the S-band broadband by optimizing the size of the medium rod 1322 and the lower end matching section; meanwhile, the L-band coaxial horn 131 and the S-band dielectric rod horn 132 are supported by the first dielectric ring 133 and the second dielectric ring 134, so that standing wave characteristics of the L-band are improved. The three metal matching rings 1324 on the outer wall of the S-band dielectric rod horn 132 also improve standing waves in the L-band.
While the disclosure has been shown and described with reference to various embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (9)

1. A double-frequency coaxial feed source is characterized by comprising an inner conductor and an outer conductor which are coaxially arranged;
the outer conductor is a coaxial horn working in an L frequency band, and the inner conductor is a dielectric rod horn working in an S frequency band;
the medium rod horn is arranged in the inner cavity of the coaxial horn;
the coaxial horn comprises a waveguide section, a transverse groove section and a choke groove section which are arranged in sequence; and is
The radiuses of the waveguide section, the transverse groove section and the choke groove section are sequentially increased;
the inner side of the transverse groove section, which is close to the waveguide section, is provided with a matching groove, and the waveguide section is connected with the transverse groove section through the matching groove;
the medium rod horn comprises a circular waveguide section, a medium rod, a metal matching ring and a second choke groove,
the dielectric rod part is inserted in the circular waveguide section and is positioned at the same side as the transverse groove section of the coaxial horn;
the metal matching ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the circular waveguide section;
the second choke groove is provided at a position where the circular waveguide section is connected to the medium rod.
2. The dual-frequency coaxial feed of claim 1, wherein said transverse slot segment is integrally formed with said choke slot segment.
3. The dual-frequency coaxial feed source of claim 1, wherein a first dielectric ring and a second dielectric ring are disposed between the coaxial horn and the dielectric rod horn;
the first medium ring and the second medium ring are sleeved on the outer wall of the medium rod loudspeaker and are embedded in the inner wall of the coaxial loudspeaker.
4. The dual-frequency coaxial feed source according to claim 1, wherein the choke groove section is provided with a plurality of choke grooves; and is
The depth of each choke groove is 1/4 of the working wavelength of the L frequency band, and the groove pitch of each choke groove is 1/5 of the working wavelength of the L frequency band.
5. The dual-frequency coaxial feed source according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the transverse groove section is provided with a plurality of identical transverse corrugated grooves;
the length of the transverse corrugated groove is 1/8-1/4 of the working wavelength of the L frequency band.
6. The dual-frequency coaxial feed of claim 1, wherein the waveguide segment has a radius less than
Figure FDA0002702863590000021
Wherein b is the radius of the outer conductor and a is the radius of the inner conductor.
7. The dual-frequency coaxial feed according to claim 1, wherein the portion of the dielectric rod connected to the circular waveguide segment is connected by a dielectric screw.
8. The dual-frequency coaxial feed according to claim 1, wherein the radius of the circular waveguide segment is less than 1/1.64 of the maximum operating wavelength of the dielectric rod horn.
9. An antenna comprising a dual-frequency coaxial feed as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
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