CN106785237B - Power battery thermal management method and system - Google Patents
Power battery thermal management method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106785237B CN106785237B CN201611082940.5A CN201611082940A CN106785237B CN 106785237 B CN106785237 B CN 106785237B CN 201611082940 A CN201611082940 A CN 201611082940A CN 106785237 B CN106785237 B CN 106785237B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a power battery thermal management method and a system, which are applied to a charging process or a discharging process of a battery pack, and comprise the following steps: in the discharging process of the battery pack, detecting the current temperature of each single battery in the battery pack in real time, and calculating the current temperature rise rate of each single battery in real time; if the highest current temperature of the single battery exceeds a preset first temperature threshold and the highest current temperature rise rate of the single battery exceeds a preset temperature rise threshold, entering a heat dissipation mode and starting heat dissipation; in the heat radiation mode, if the highest current temperature of the single battery is lower than a preset second temperature threshold value, stopping heat radiation; and if the highest current temperature of the single battery is higher than the third temperature threshold value, restarting heat dissipation. The invention can control the opening or closing of the heat dissipation module according to the temperature rise rate of the single battery under the discharging mode of the battery pack, so that the battery pack is kept in a relatively stable temperature range, and the safety of the battery pack is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power battery thermal management, in particular to a power battery thermal management method and system.
Background
Under the advocation of green energy, the power battery is used as a main power source of the new energy electric automobile, plays an irreplaceable role in the whole automobile system, and is popular with the masses. At the same time, it is a focus of attention how to maximize the more efficient use of the battery pack.
The batteries in the battery pack need to be heated to some extent. For example, when the batteries are charged, it is necessary to perform temperature detection for each battery. If the temperature of the battery is too low, the battery will have no way to fill because the capacity of the battery has a certain relationship with the temperature. The battery is calculated according to the standard temperature of 25 ℃, and when the temperature is reduced by 1 degree, the capacity of the relative battery is reduced by about 0.8%; the battery capacity also recovers as the temperature increases. If the outdoor environment conditions are severe in winter, the capacity of the battery is affected to a certain extent.
Meanwhile, the battery in the battery pack also needs to perform certain heat dissipation. For example, the temperature should not be too high when the battery is charged or discharged. After the temperature reaches a certain threshold, the battery needs to be subjected to heat dissipation; after the heat dissipation, the heat dissipation is stopped after the temperature is reduced to a certain threshold value. Although this process can control the temperature of the battery, judgment of the rising trend of the battery temperature is lacking.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a power battery thermal management method and system.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a thermal management method of a power battery is applied to a charging process or a discharging process of a battery pack, and comprises the following steps:
in the discharging process of the battery pack, detecting the current temperature of each single battery in the battery pack in real time, and calculating the current temperature rise rate of each single battery in real time;
if the highest current temperature of the single battery exceeds a preset first temperature threshold and the highest current temperature rise rate of the single battery exceeds a preset temperature rise threshold, entering a heat dissipation mode and starting heat dissipation;
in the heat radiation mode, if the highest current temperature of the single battery is lower than a preset second temperature threshold value, stopping heat radiation; and if the highest current temperature of the single battery is higher than the third temperature threshold value, restarting heat dissipation.
As a further preferable scheme, after detecting the current temperature of each single battery in the battery pack in real time, the method further comprises the steps of judging whether the current temperature of each single battery exceeds a preset temperature or not and eliminating invalid temperature values, wherein the step of judging whether the temperature of each single battery exceeds the preset temperature or not specifically comprises the following steps: if the current temperature of the single battery exceeds a preset fourth temperature threshold, judging that the temperature value is invalid.
As a further preferable scheme, in the heat dissipation mode, the process of dissipating heat from the battery pack further includes a step of adjusting heat dissipation power according to the highest temperature of the unit battery, and the process of adjusting heat dissipation power according to the highest temperature of the unit battery is as follows: and if the highest temperature of the single battery exceeds the fifth temperature threshold, the heat dissipation module performs full-power heat dissipation, otherwise, the heat dissipation module performs half-power heat dissipation.
As a further preferable scheme, after the battery pack enters a discharging mode and the battery pack is electrified at high voltage, detecting the current temperature of each single battery in real time; if the lowest current temperature of the single battery is lower than a sixth temperature threshold, a discharge heating mode is entered;
in the discharge heating mode, if the lowest current temperature of the single battery exceeds a seventh temperature threshold, the discharge heating mode is exited.
As a further preferable aspect, in the discharge heating mode, the method further includes a fault detection step of the discharge heating circuit:
detecting the current of the discharge heating loop in real time, judging the fault of the discharge heating loop and reporting the fault if the current of the discharge heating loop is zero or exceeds a preset first current threshold after a first preset time period; and/or
After entering the discharge heating mode, if the lowest current temperature of the single battery is still lower than a preset seventh temperature threshold after a second preset time period, judging that the discharge heating loop is faulty, and reporting the fault.
As a further preferable scheme, before the battery pack enters the charging mode, the method further comprises the following steps:
detecting the current temperature of each single battery in the battery pack, and entering a charging heating mode if the lowest current temperature of the single battery is lower than a preset eighth temperature threshold and the highest current temperature of the single battery is lower than a preset ninth temperature threshold;
and in the charging heating mode, detecting the current temperature of each single battery in real time, and if the lowest current temperature of the single battery exceeds a preset tenth temperature threshold or the highest current temperature of the single battery exceeds a preset eleventh temperature threshold, exiting the charging heating mode and entering the charging mode.
As a further preferable aspect, in the charging heating mode, the method further includes a fault detection step of the charging heating circuit:
detecting the current of the charging heating circuit in real time, judging the fault of the charging heating circuit and reporting the fault if the current of the charging heating circuit is zero or exceeds a preset second current threshold after a third preset time period; and/or
After entering the charging heating mode, if the lowest current temperature of the single battery is still lower than a preset eighth temperature threshold after a fourth preset time period, judging that the charging heating loop is faulty, and reporting the fault.
The invention provides a power battery thermal management method, which can control whether a heat dissipation mode is entered according to the highest current temperature and the highest current temperature rise rate of a single battery in a discharging process, so that the temperature of the single battery is controlled within a certain range, adverse effects on the single battery due to overhigh temperature are reduced, and the safety of a battery pack is improved.
The invention also provides a power battery thermal management system, which comprises:
the temperature detection unit is used for detecting the current temperature of each single battery in the battery pack in real time;
the temperature processing unit is used for judging whether the current temperature of each single battery exceeds a preset temperature and eliminating invalid temperature values;
the temperature rise rate calculation unit calculates the current temperature rise rate of each single battery according to the current temperature of each single battery after invalid temperature values are removed;
the heat dissipation control unit is used for controlling the working state of the heat dissipation module according to the current temperature of each single battery after invalid temperature values are removed and the current temperature rise rate of each single battery;
and the heat radiation module is used for carrying out corresponding operation according to the control instruction of the heat radiation control unit.
As a further preferable aspect, the power battery thermal management system further includes:
the heating control unit is used for controlling the operation of the heating module according to the current temperature of the single battery after the invalid temperature value is removed;
and the heating module is used for performing corresponding operation according to the control instruction of the heating control unit.
As a further preferable aspect, the power battery thermal management system further includes:
the first current detection unit detects the current of the discharge heating loop in real time in a discharge heating mode;
the second current detection unit is used for detecting the current of the charging heating loop in real time in a charging heating mode;
the fault diagnosis unit judges whether the discharge heating circuit is faulty according to the current of the discharge heating circuit and/or the current temperature of the single battery after invalid temperature values are removed in the discharge heating mode, and reports fault information; judging whether the charging heating circuit is faulty or not according to the current of the charging heating circuit and/or the current temperature of the single battery after invalid temperature values are removed in a charging heating mode, and reporting fault information;
the heat dissipation control unit, the heating control unit and the fault diagnosis unit are arranged in the control center.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention relates to a power battery thermal management method and a system, which can heat a single battery at a lower temperature; in the discharging process of the battery pack, whether the heat dissipation module is started for heat dissipation can be controlled according to the current temperature of each single battery and the temperature rise rate of the single battery; finally, the battery pack is kept in a relatively stable temperature range, the single batteries in the battery pack are protected, and the safety of the battery pack is improved.
2. The power battery thermal management system also comprises a first current detection unit, a second current detection unit and a fault diagnosis unit, can monitor the real-time current of the heating loop in a charging heating mode or a discharging heating mode, and when the current of the heating loop is not detected, the heating loop is in fault, and fault information is reported, so that the safety of the system is improved.
3. The fault diagnosis unit of the power battery thermal management system can detect the temperature of the single battery in real time, judge whether the charging heating circuit or the discharging heating circuit is faulty according to the current temperature of the single battery after invalid temperature values are removed, and consider that the heating circuit is faulty and report fault information when the temperature of the single battery cannot rise, so that the safety of the system is further improved.
4. In the power battery thermal management system, in the charging heating mode, the current of the charging heating loop does not flow through the first current detection unit, so that the calculation of the electric quantity of the battery pack is not counted.
5. According to the power battery thermal management method, in the heat dissipation mode, the heat dissipation module can conduct full-power heat dissipation or half-power heat dissipation according to whether the highest temperature of the single battery exceeds the fifth temperature threshold, so that heat dissipation efficiency is improved, and when the highest temperature of the single battery is too high, the heat dissipation of the heat dissipation module to the battery pack can be accelerated by adopting full-power heat dissipation, so that the temperature of the battery pack is in a controllable range, and the situation that the temperature of the single battery is too high is avoided.
6. According to the power electric heating management method, the current temperature of the single battery is monitored in real time, invalid temperature values, exceeding the fourth temperature threshold, in the single battery are removed, and the temperature effectiveness of the single battery is ensured, so that the accuracy of temperature control of the battery pack is ensured, and the heat management efficiency of the power battery is further improved.
7. According to the power thermal management method, the heat dissipation power is adjusted in real time according to the temperature of the single battery of the battery pack, so that the temperature of the single battery is effectively reduced, the heat dissipation power is effectively controlled, the single battery is reasonably utilized to dissipate heat, the resource waste is avoided, and the utilization rate of the resource is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a control method for power battery thermal management according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of a power cell thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a heating module according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be readily understood, a more complete description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. The drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only and are not meant to be the only embodiment.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a thermal management method 20 of a power battery is applied to a charging process or a discharging process of a battery pack, and includes the following steps:
step S1, detecting the current temperature of each single battery in the battery pack in real time in the discharging process of the battery pack, and calculating the current temperature rise rate of each single battery in real time.
And S2, entering a heat dissipation mode and starting heat dissipation when the highest current temperature of the single battery exceeds a preset first temperature threshold and the highest current temperature rise rate of the single battery exceeds a preset temperature rise threshold. Specifically, the first temperature threshold is preferably 28 ℃ to 32 ℃. In this example, 30℃is used as an example; the temperature rise threshold is preferably 1-3 ℃/min. In this example, 2 ℃/min is used as an example.
Step S3, in a heat radiation mode, if the highest current temperature of the single battery is lower than a preset second temperature threshold value, stopping heat radiation; the temperature of the single battery may rise slowly, and if the highest current temperature of the single battery is higher than the third temperature threshold, heat dissipation is restarted, so that the temperature rise rate of the single battery is slowed down. Specifically, the second temperature threshold is preferably 26 ℃ to 30 ℃. In this example, 28℃was selected as an example; the third temperature threshold is preferably 30-40 ℃. In this example, 35℃was used as an example.
The method further comprises the steps of judging whether the current temperature of each single battery exceeds the preset temperature or not and eliminating invalid temperature values after detecting the current temperature of each single battery in the battery pack in real time, wherein the step of judging whether the temperature of each single battery exceeds the preset temperature or not specifically comprises the following steps: if the current temperature of the single battery exceeds a preset fourth temperature threshold, judging that the temperature value is invalid. And eliminating invalid temperature of the single battery with the temperature exceeding the fourth temperature threshold, improving the temperature effectiveness of the single battery and improving the temperature treatment efficiency of the single battery. Specifically, the fourth temperature threshold is preferably 180 ℃ to 220 ℃. In this example, 200℃is used as an example.
In the heat dissipation mode, the process of dissipating heat of the battery pack further comprises the step of adjusting heat dissipation power according to the highest temperature of the single battery, wherein the process of adjusting heat dissipation power according to the highest temperature of the single battery is as follows: and if the highest temperature of the single battery exceeds the fifth temperature threshold, the heat dissipation module performs full-power heat dissipation, otherwise, the heat dissipation module performs half-power heat dissipation. Specifically, the fifth temperature threshold is preferably 35 ℃ to 45 ℃. In this example, 40℃is used as an example. After the heat radiation module is started, the heat radiation force can be adjusted in real time according to the highest temperature of the single battery; when the temperature of the single battery is higher than 40 ℃, full-power heat dissipation can be performed; when the temperature of the single battery is reduced, half-power heat dissipation can be performed, and the heat dissipation strength is slowed down. The heat dissipation power is adjusted in real time according to the temperature of the single battery of the battery pack, the temperature of the single battery is effectively reduced, the heat dissipation power is effectively controlled, the single battery is reasonably utilized to dissipate heat, the resource waste is avoided, and the utilization rate of the resource is improved.
It is to be noted that, after the battery pack enters a discharging mode and the battery pack is electrified at high voltage, the current temperature of each single battery is detected in real time; if the lowest current temperature of the single battery is lower than a sixth temperature threshold, a discharge heating mode is entered; in the discharge heating mode, if the lowest current temperature of the single battery exceeds a seventh temperature threshold, the discharge heating mode is exited. Specifically, the sixth temperature threshold is preferably-2 ℃ to 1 ℃. In this example, 0℃is used as an example; the seventh temperature threshold is preferably 2-4 ℃. In this example, 2℃is used as an example. The battery pack is heated by the voltage output by the battery pack.
In the discharge heating mode, the method further comprises a fault detection step of the discharge heating circuit: in one embodiment, the current of the discharge heating circuit is detected in real time, if the current of the discharge heating circuit is zero or exceeds a preset first current threshold after a first preset time period, and meanwhile, if the lowest current temperature of the single battery is still lower than a preset seventh temperature threshold after a second preset time period after the discharge heating mode is entered, the fault of the discharge heating circuit is judged, and the fault is reported.
In another embodiment, the current of the discharge heating circuit is detected in real time, and if the current of the discharge heating circuit is zero or exceeds a preset first current threshold after a first preset period of time, the fault of the discharge heating circuit is determined, and the fault is reported.
In yet another embodiment, if the lowest current temperature of the unit cell is still lower than the preset seventh temperature threshold after the second preset period of time after entering the discharge heating mode, a failure of the discharge heating circuit is determined, and the failure is reported.
The first preset time is preferably 1s to 3s. In this embodiment, 2s is taken as an example; the second preset time is preferably 40-80 min. In this embodiment, 60min is taken as an example. The first current threshold is preferably 15A-25A. In this embodiment, 20A is taken as an example; the seventh temperature threshold is preferably 2-4 ℃. In this example, 2℃is used as an example. Wherein, the current is zero, namely the circuit is broken, and the current is overlarge, namely the circuit is short-circuited.
Before the battery pack enters the charging mode, the method further comprises the following steps: detecting the current temperature of each single battery in the battery pack, and entering a charging heating mode if the lowest current temperature of the single battery is lower than a preset eighth temperature threshold and the highest current temperature of the single battery is lower than a preset ninth temperature threshold. Preferably, the eighth temperature threshold is preferably-2 ℃ to 1 ℃. In this example, 0℃is used as an example; the ninth temperature threshold is preferably 15-25 ℃. In this example, 20℃is used as an example.
And in the charging heating mode, detecting the current temperature of each single battery in real time, and if the lowest current temperature of the single battery exceeds a preset tenth temperature threshold or the highest current temperature of the single battery exceeds a preset eleventh temperature threshold, exiting the charging heating mode and entering the charging mode. Preferably, the tenth temperature threshold is 2 ℃; the eleventh temperature threshold is 20 ℃. And heating by using the high voltage output by the charger.
In the charging heating mode, the method further comprises a fault detection step of the charging heating loop: in one embodiment, the current of the charging heating circuit is detected in real time, if the current of the charging heating circuit is zero or exceeds a preset second current threshold after a third preset time period, and meanwhile, after entering the charging heating mode, if the lowest current temperature of the single battery is still lower than a preset eighth temperature threshold after a fourth preset time period, the charging heating circuit is judged to be faulty, and the fault is reported.
In another embodiment, the current of the charging heating circuit is detected in real time, and if the current of the charging heating circuit is zero or exceeds a preset second current threshold after a third preset period of time, the charging heating circuit is determined to be faulty, and the fault is reported.
In yet another embodiment, after entering the charging heating mode, if the lowest current temperature of the single battery is still lower than the preset eighth temperature threshold after the fourth preset period of time, determining that the charging heating circuit is faulty, and reporting the fault.
The third preset time is preferably 1s to 3s. In this embodiment, 2s is taken as an example; the fourth preset time is preferably 40-80 min. In this embodiment, 60min is taken as an example. The second current threshold is preferably 15A-25A. In this embodiment, 20A is taken as an example; the eighth temperature threshold is preferably-2-1 ℃. In this example, 0℃is used as an example.
The invention provides a power battery thermal management method, which can control whether a heat dissipation mode is entered according to the highest current temperature and the highest current temperature rise rate of a single battery in a discharging process, so that the temperature of the single battery is controlled within a certain range, adverse effects on the single battery due to overhigh temperature are reduced, and the safety of a battery pack is improved.
Example two
Referring to fig. 2, the present invention further provides a power battery thermal management system 10, which includes: the temperature detection unit 110 detects the current temperature of each unit cell in the battery pack in real time. The temperature processing unit 120 determines whether the current temperature of each unit cell exceeds a preset temperature, and eliminates invalid temperature values. The temperature rise rate calculation unit 130 calculates the current temperature rise rate of each unit cell according to the current temperature of each unit cell after the invalid temperature value is removed. The heat dissipation control unit 210 controls the working state of the heat dissipation module according to the current temperature of each single battery after the invalid temperature value is removed and the current temperature rise rate of each single battery. The heat dissipation module 220 performs corresponding operations according to the control instruction of the heat dissipation control unit.
The power battery thermal management system further includes: the heating control unit 310 controls the operation of the heating module according to the current temperature of the single battery after the invalid temperature value is removed; the heating module 320 performs a corresponding operation according to a control instruction of the heating control unit.
The power battery thermal management system further includes: a first current detection unit 410 for detecting a current of the discharge heating circuit in real time in the discharge heating mode; the second current detecting unit 420 detects the current of the charging heating circuit in real time in the charging heating mode, and is used for detecting the current of the heating circuit in real time. The first current detection unit 410 is a first current sensor; the second current detecting unit 420 is a second current sensor.
In the discharge heating mode or in the charge heating mode, the fault diagnosis unit 510 judges whether the discharge heating circuit is faulty or not, and reports fault information; in one embodiment, according to the current of the discharge heating circuit and the current temperature of the single battery after the invalid temperature value is removed, judging whether the discharge heating circuit is faulty or not, and reporting fault information. In another embodiment, according to the current of the discharge heating circuit, whether the discharge heating circuit is faulty is judged, and fault information is reported. In yet another embodiment, according to the current temperature of the single battery after the invalid temperature value is removed, judging whether the discharge heating loop is faulty or not, and reporting fault information.
The heat dissipation control unit 210, the heating control unit 310, and the fault diagnosis unit 510 are disposed in the control center 700.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a heating module according to an embodiment of the invention. In this schematic circuit diagram, a battery pack 100 is included in which a plurality of unit cells are connected in series. A heater 321 for heating the battery pack 100. A first current sensor 410 for detecting a total current of the battery pack and calculating an amount of electricity of the battery; a second current detection unit 420 for detecting the current of the heating circuit in real time. In this schematic circuit diagram, a first heater contactor 323 is also included for controlling the powering up of the charger in the charging mode. And a second heating contactor 322 for controlling on or off of the heater 321.
The first heating contactor 323, the second heating contactor 322, the second current sensor 420, the heater 321 and the first current sensor 410 are sequentially connected in series between the total positive terminal and the total negative terminal of the battery pack 100.
The power battery thermal management system also comprises a discharging total positive relay and a discharging total negative relay; the total positive end of the battery pack 100 is connected with the positive end of the load through a discharging total positive relay, and the total negative end of the battery pack 100 is connected with the negative end of the load through a total negative relay.
The power battery thermal management system also comprises a charging relay and a total negative relay; the positive end of the charger is connected with the common node of the first heating contactor 323 and the second heating contactor 322 through the charging relay, and the negative end of the charger is connected with the common node of the heater 321 and the total negative end of the battery pack 100 through the total negative relay.
The charging relay, the second heating contactor 322, the second current sensor 420, the heater 321 and the total negative relay form a charging heating loop; the first heating contactor 323, the second heating contactor 322, the second current sensor 420, the heater 321 and the first current sensor 410 form a discharge heating circuit.
The working process comprises the following steps:
before the battery pack enters a charging mode, the temperature detection unit detects the current temperature of each single battery of the battery pack, the temperature processing unit rejects invalid temperature values, and if the lowest current temperature of the single battery is lower than a preset eighth temperature threshold value and the highest current temperature of the single battery is lower than a preset ninth temperature threshold value, the charging relay, the total negative relay and the first heating contactor are closed to charge, and the charger is started. And 5s later, closing the second heating contactor, after 2s later, opening the first heating relay, and enabling the battery pack to enter a charging heating mode and heating by utilizing high voltage output by the charger. Specifically, the eighth temperature threshold is preferably-2 ℃ to 1 ℃. In this example, 0℃is used as an example; the ninth temperature threshold is preferably 15-25 ℃. In this example, 20℃is used as an example.
In the charging heating mode, the temperature detection unit detects the current temperature of each single battery in real time, and if the lowest current temperature of the single battery exceeds a preset tenth temperature threshold or the highest current temperature of the single battery exceeds a preset eleventh temperature threshold, the second heating relay is disconnected, and the charging heating mode is exited; and the first heating relay is turned on to enter a charging mode. Preferably, the tenth temperature threshold is 2 ℃; the eleventh temperature threshold is 20 ℃.
In the charging heating mode, the method further comprises a fault detection step of the charging heating loop: in one embodiment, the current of the charging heating circuit is detected in real time, if the current of the charging heating circuit is zero or exceeds a preset second current threshold after a third preset time period, and meanwhile, after entering the charging heating mode, if the lowest current temperature of the single battery is still lower than a preset eighth temperature threshold after a fourth preset time period, the charging heating circuit is judged to be faulty, and the fault is reported.
In another embodiment, the current of the charging heating circuit is detected in real time, and if the current of the charging heating circuit is zero or exceeds a preset second current threshold after a third preset period of time, the charging heating circuit is determined to be faulty, and the fault is reported.
In yet another embodiment, after entering the charging heating mode, if the lowest current temperature of the single battery is still lower than the preset eighth temperature threshold after the fourth preset period of time, determining that the charging heating circuit is faulty, and reporting the fault. The third preset time is preferably 1s to 3s. In this embodiment, 2s is taken as an example; the fourth preset time is preferably 40-80 min. In this embodiment, 60min is taken as an example. The second current threshold is preferably 15A-25A. In this embodiment, 20A is taken as an example; the eighth temperature threshold is preferably-2-1 ℃. In this example, 0℃is used as an example.
After the battery pack enters a discharging mode and the battery pack is electrified at high voltage, the temperature detection unit detects the current temperature of each single battery in real time; if the lowest current temperature of the single battery is lower than a sixth temperature threshold, the heating control unit controls the first heating contactor and the second heating contactor to be closed, the battery pack enters a discharge heating mode, and the battery pack is heated by utilizing the voltage output by the battery pack. In the discharging heating mode, if the lowest current temperature of the single battery exceeds a seventh temperature threshold, the first heating contactor and the second heating contactor are disconnected, the discharging heating mode is exited, and the discharging mode is entered. Specifically, the sixth temperature threshold is preferably-2 ℃ to 1 ℃. In this example, 0℃is used as an example; the seventh temperature threshold is preferably 2-4 ℃. In this example, 2℃is used as an example.
In the discharge heating mode, the method further comprises a fault detection step of the discharge heating circuit: in one embodiment, the current of the discharge heating circuit is detected in real time, if the current of the discharge heating circuit is zero or exceeds a preset first current threshold after a first preset time period, and meanwhile, if the lowest current temperature of the single battery is still lower than a preset seventh temperature threshold after a second preset time period after the discharge heating mode is entered, the fault of the discharge heating circuit is judged, and the fault is reported.
In another embodiment, the current of the discharge heating circuit is detected in real time, and if the current of the discharge heating circuit is zero or exceeds a preset first current threshold after a first preset period of time, the fault of the discharge heating circuit is determined, and the fault is reported.
In yet another embodiment, if the lowest current temperature of the unit cell is still lower than the preset seventh temperature threshold after the second preset period of time after entering the discharge heating mode, a failure of the discharge heating circuit is determined, and the failure is reported.
The first preset time is preferably 1s to 3s. In this embodiment, 2s is taken as an example; the second preset time is preferably 40-80 min. In this embodiment, 60min is taken as an example. The first current threshold is preferably 15A-25A. In this embodiment, 20A is taken as an example; the seventh temperature threshold is preferably 2-4 ℃. In this example, 2℃is used as an example. Wherein, the current is zero, namely the circuit is broken, and the current is overlarge, namely the circuit is short-circuited.
In the discharging process of the battery pack, the temperature detection unit detects the current temperature of each single battery in the battery pack in real time, and the temperature rise rate calculation unit calculates the current temperature rise rate of each single battery in real time. And if the highest current temperature of the single battery exceeds a preset first temperature threshold and the highest current temperature rise rate of the single battery exceeds a preset temperature rise threshold, the heat dissipation control unit controls to enter a heat dissipation mode and starts heat dissipation. Specifically, the first temperature threshold is preferably 28 ℃ to 32 ℃. In this example, 30℃is used as an example; the temperature rise threshold is preferably 1-3 ℃/min. In this example, 2 ℃/min is used as an example. And in the heat radiation mode, if the highest current temperature of the single battery is lower than a preset second temperature threshold value, stopping heat radiation. The temperature of the single battery may be slowly increased, and if the temperature detection unit detects that the highest current temperature of the single battery is higher than the third temperature threshold value in real time, heat dissipation is restarted, so that the temperature rise rate of the single battery is slowed down. Specifically, the second temperature threshold is preferably 26 ℃ to 30 ℃. In this example, 28℃was selected as an example; the third temperature threshold is preferably 30-40 ℃. In this example, 35℃was used as an example.
It should be noted that after detecting the current temperature of each single battery in the battery pack in real time, the temperature processing unit further includes determining whether the current temperature of each single battery exceeds a preset temperature, and rejecting invalid temperature values, specifically: if the current temperature of the single battery exceeds a preset fourth temperature threshold value, the temperature processing unit judges that the temperature value is invalid. And eliminating invalid temperature of the single battery with the temperature exceeding the fourth temperature threshold, improving the temperature effectiveness of the single battery and improving the temperature treatment efficiency of the single battery. Specifically, the fourth temperature threshold is preferably 180 ℃ to 220 ℃. In this example, 200℃is used as an example.
In the heat dissipation mode, the process of dissipating heat of the battery pack further comprises the step of adjusting heat dissipation power according to the highest temperature of the single battery, wherein the process of adjusting heat dissipation power according to the highest temperature of the single battery is as follows: and if the highest temperature of the single battery exceeds the fifth temperature threshold, the heat dissipation control unit controls the heat dissipation module to conduct full-power heat dissipation, otherwise, the heat dissipation control unit controls the heat dissipation module to conduct half-power heat dissipation. Specifically, the fifth temperature threshold is preferably 35 ℃ to 45 ℃. In this example, 40℃is used as an example. After the heat radiation module is started, the heat radiation force can be adjusted in real time according to the highest temperature of the single battery; when the temperature of the single battery is higher than 40 ℃, full-power heat dissipation can be performed; when the temperature of the single battery is reduced, half-power heat dissipation can be performed, and the heat dissipation strength is slowed down.
The above embodiments represent only a few embodiments of the present invention, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A thermal management method for a power battery, which is applied to a charging process or a discharging process of a battery pack, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
in the discharging process of the battery pack, detecting the current temperature of each single battery in the battery pack in real time, and calculating the current temperature rise rate of each single battery in real time;
if the highest current temperature of the single battery exceeds a preset first temperature threshold value and the highest current temperature rise rate of the single battery exceeds a preset temperature rise threshold value, entering a heat dissipation mode and starting heat dissipation, wherein the first temperature threshold value is 28-32 ℃, and the temperature rise threshold value is 1-3 ℃/min;
in the heat radiation mode, if the highest current temperature of the single battery is lower than a preset second temperature threshold value, stopping heat radiation; if the highest current temperature of the single battery is higher than a third temperature threshold value, restarting heat dissipation; the second temperature threshold is 26-30 ℃, and the third temperature threshold is 30-40 ℃;
detecting the current temperature of each single battery in real time after the battery pack enters a discharging mode and the battery pack is electrified at high voltage; if the lowest current temperature of the single battery is lower than a sixth temperature threshold, a discharge heating mode is entered; in the discharge heating mode, if the lowest current temperature of the single battery exceeds a seventh temperature threshold, exiting the discharge heating mode; the sixth temperature threshold is-2-1 ℃, and the seventh temperature threshold is 2-4 ℃;
the method comprises the steps of detecting the current temperature of each single battery in the battery pack in real time, judging whether the current temperature of each single battery exceeds the preset temperature or not, and eliminating invalid temperature values, wherein the step of judging whether the current temperature of each single battery exceeds the preset temperature or not specifically comprises the following steps: if the current temperature of the single battery exceeds a preset fourth temperature threshold, judging that the temperature value is invalid, wherein the fourth temperature threshold is 180-220 ℃.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the heat dissipation mode, the process of dissipating heat from the battery pack further comprises a step of adjusting heat dissipation power according to a highest temperature of the unit battery, and the process of adjusting heat dissipation power according to the highest temperature of the unit battery is as follows: and if the highest temperature of the single battery exceeds a fifth temperature threshold, the heat dissipation module performs full-power heat dissipation, otherwise, the heat dissipation module performs half-power heat dissipation, and the fifth temperature threshold is 35-45 ℃.
3. The power cell thermal management method according to claim 1, further comprising a failure detection step of the discharge heating circuit in the discharge heating mode:
detecting the current of the discharge heating loop in real time, judging the fault of the discharge heating loop and reporting the fault if the current of the discharge heating loop is zero or exceeds a preset first current threshold after a first preset time period, wherein the first current threshold is 15A-25A;
and/or
After entering the discharge heating mode, if the lowest current temperature of the single battery is still lower than a preset seventh temperature threshold after a second preset time period, judging a fault of the discharge heating loop, and reporting the fault, wherein the seventh temperature threshold is 2-4 ℃.
4. The method of thermal management of a power battery of claim 1, further comprising the steps of, prior to the battery pack entering a charging mode:
detecting the current temperature of each single battery in a battery pack, and entering a charging heating mode if the lowest current temperature of the single battery is lower than a preset eighth temperature threshold and the highest current temperature of the single battery is lower than a preset ninth temperature threshold, wherein the eighth temperature threshold is-2-1 ℃, and the ninth temperature threshold is 15-25 ℃;
in a charging heating mode, detecting the current temperature of each single battery in real time, and if the lowest current temperature of the single battery exceeds a preset tenth temperature threshold or the highest current temperature of the single battery exceeds a preset eleventh temperature threshold, exiting the charging heating mode and entering the charging mode, wherein the tenth temperature threshold is 2 ℃; the eleventh temperature threshold is 20 ℃.
5. The power cell thermal management method according to claim 4, further comprising a failure detection step of the charge heating circuit in the charge heating mode:
detecting the current of the charging heating circuit in real time, if the current of the charging heating circuit is zero or exceeds a preset second current threshold after a third preset time period, judging the fault of the charging heating circuit, and reporting the fault, wherein the second current threshold is 15A-25A;
and/or
After entering the charging heating mode, if the lowest current temperature of the single battery is still lower than a preset eighth temperature threshold after a fourth preset time period, judging that the charging heating loop is faulty, and reporting the fault.
6. A power cell thermal management system for implementing the power cell thermal management method of any one of claims 1-5, comprising:
a temperature detection unit (110) for detecting the current temperature of each single battery in the battery pack (100) in real time;
the temperature processing unit (120) is used for judging whether the current temperature of each single battery exceeds the preset temperature or not and eliminating invalid temperature values, wherein the judgment on whether the current temperature of each single battery exceeds the preset temperature or not specifically comprises the following steps: if the current temperature of the single battery exceeds a preset fourth temperature threshold, judging that the temperature value is invalid, wherein the fourth temperature threshold is 180-220 ℃;
a temperature rise rate calculation unit (130) for calculating the current temperature rise rate of each single battery according to the current temperature of each single battery after the invalid temperature value is removed;
the heat radiation module (220) performs corresponding operation according to the control instruction of the heat radiation control unit;
and the heat dissipation control unit (210) is used for controlling the working state of the heat dissipation module (220) according to the current temperature of each single battery after the invalid temperature value is removed and the current temperature rise rate of each single battery.
7. The power cell thermal management system of claim 6, further comprising:
a heating control unit (310) for controlling the operation of the heating module according to the current temperature of the single battery after the invalid temperature value is removed;
and the heating module (320) performs corresponding operation according to the control instruction of the heating control unit (310).
8. The power cell thermal management system of claim 7, further comprising:
a first current detection unit (410) for detecting the current of the discharge heating circuit in real time in a discharge heating mode;
a second current detection unit (420) for detecting the current of the charging heating circuit in real time in the charging heating mode;
the fault diagnosis unit (510) judges whether the discharge heating circuit is faulty according to the current of the discharge heating circuit and/or the current temperature of the single battery after invalid temperature values are removed in the discharge heating mode, and reports fault information; judging whether the charging heating circuit is faulty or not according to the current of the charging heating circuit and/or the current temperature of the single battery after invalid temperature values are removed in a charging heating mode, and reporting fault information;
the heat dissipation control unit (210), the heating control unit (310) and the fault diagnosis unit (510) are arranged in the control center (700).
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