CN106772445A - A kind of ionosphere activity space observation system - Google Patents
A kind of ionosphere activity space observation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106772445A CN106772445A CN201611055384.2A CN201611055384A CN106772445A CN 106772445 A CN106772445 A CN 106772445A CN 201611055384 A CN201611055384 A CN 201611055384A CN 106772445 A CN106772445 A CN 106772445A
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- satellite
- ionosphere
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- activity space
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/03—Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers
- G01S19/07—Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers providing data for correcting measured positioning data, e.g. DGPS [differential GPS] or ionosphere corrections
Abstract
A kind of ionosphere activity space observation system of the invention, including：Low orbit mixed satellite constellation and the detector that is installed on it；At least 2 orbit altitudes, each orbit altitude at least one orbital plane, different height orbiter coordinates each other, including A classes satellite and B class satellites, constitutes the observation of solid space ionosphere；The A classes satellite is used to measure sun observation, the fallout particulate of terrestrial pole and magnetic field in place and to ionosphere remote sensing observations；The B classes satellite is detected in place for ionosphere.
Description
Technical field
Lived the present invention relates to space exploration and space weather monitoring technical field, more particularly to a kind of terrestrial space ionosphere
Dynamic spatial observation system.
Background technology
Under the radiation effects of solar ultraviolet and X-ray, planetary scale is ionized to free electron and ion, forms electricity
Absciss layer.Earth ionosphere is an important component of the near earth space environment of human survival.With mankind's activity constantly to
Space extends, and space has turned into the frontier of countries in the world business and military contention, scientifically awareness and understanding terrestrial space ring
Border, the change of accurate forecast space environment, becomes more and more important.Earth ionosphere can influence the propagation of radio wave, right
Radio wave produces the effects such as reflection, scattering, refraction and absorption.Irregular body in earth ionospheric disturbance and ionosphere, it is right
Short wave communication, satellite communication and satellite navigation positioning, produce material impact.Therefore, the detection to earth ionosphere and understanding, tool
There is important scientific meaning and application value.
Upper atmosphere around the earth, absorbs the radiation of solar ultraviolet and X-ray spectral coverage, ionization generation free electron and
Ion, forms ionosphere.Usually said ionosphere refers to the ionized atmosphere in about 60~1000km regions on ground.
In the range of this, in addition to free electron and ion, also substantial amounts of atmospheric molecule and atom are not ionized, thus electronics and from
The motion of son is significantly constrained also because of collision in addition to by earth magnetic effect by background neutral compound.Ionization composition with
When neutral compound is collided, portion of energy is passed into neutral compound.Because on height very high, air is very thin, thermal capacity
Very little, thus the temperature of neutral compound significantly improves, so, in the range of sustained height, ionization part is referred to as ionosphere, neutral
Background is referred to as thermosphere.Ionosphere and thermosphere are coupled strongly, are mainly manifested in photochemistry and dynamic process aspect.
Ionosphere observation can contemplate ground and the class method of satellite two, and a class is that, in ground observation, another kind of is in satellite
Observation.Two classes can also be divided into moonscope simultaneously, a class is to carry out remote sensing using radio or optics, is exactly in addition in place
Detection.Detection in place is exactly that the physical apparatus of special design is sent into layer height to carry out direct measurement, such as mass spectrograph, from
Daughter Langmuir probe, magnetometer, charge analysis device etc., obtain the parameter such as electron density and temperature, electric field, magnetic field.It is another kind of
Ionosphere is mainly used to the effect of radio wave propagation, by satellite launch beacon electric wave, ground receiver satellite beacon, beacon signal
Influenceed by ionosphere, produce the rotation of Doppler frequency shift or plane of polarization, this kind of measurement to obtain along the electronics of propagation path
Total content, and along path irregular body cause signal flicker etc..
The present invention is namely based on the aspects such as navigation, communication and trip of the ionosphere for human lives and is producing interference shadow
Ring, and due to people to satellite navigation and communication since constantly deepen, observed hence for the business in ionosphere and be
The navigation of people, communication and the trip service such as furnish a forecast provide safeguard.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to solve the navigation in people's life, communication and going on a journey because ionospheric interference is constituted
The technical problem that deviation, error signal are even interrupted, the invention provides a kind of ionosphere activity space observation system.
Technical scheme can live constantly smart for navigation, communication and trip using the system people are ensured
Spend under the requirement for improving, so as to need to cause interference with ionosphere activity forecast, early warning and the specific need estimating and correct
Ask down, the method combined using remote sensing and observation in place, magnetic field, electric field and electron density to ionosphere etc. measure, from
And provide data supporting for ionosphere activity prediction is ensured.
To achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of ionosphere activity space observation system, and described device includes：It is low
Track mixed satellite constellation and the detector that is installed on it；
The satellite constellation includes at least 2 orbit altitudes, each orbit altitude at least one orbital plane, different height rail
Road satellite coordinates each other, including A classes satellite and B class satellites, constitutes the observation of solid space ionosphere；It is right that the A classes satellite is used for
Sun observation, the fallout particulate of terrestrial pole and magnetic field measure and to ionosphere remote sensing observations in place；The B classes satellite is used for
Ionosphere detects in place；
Described is that the sun optical imagery of the extreme ultraviolet waveband of the sun and the flow of Soft X-Ray Region are seen to sun observation
Survey；Observation is to utilize particle detector in place for the fallout particulate of the terrestrial pole, to along terrestrial pole magnetic field magnetic line by
High-altitude measures to the charged particle that terrestrial pole flies；The magnetic field measures in place, is to satellite flight using magnetometer
The magnetic field of route area measures；The ionosphere remote sensing observations is using Seeds of First Post-flight Occultation receiver and three frequency beacons
Machine, Occultation receiver receives the navigation electric wave by ionosphere effect that GNSS satellite is emitted, so as to special to ionosphere
Property measure, three frequency Radio Beacons earthward launch 3 electric wave signals of frequency range, surface deployment receiver receive beacon；
Detection is carried out using Seeds of First Post-flight electric field measuring apparatus, Langmuir probe and particle mass spectrometer in place in the ionosphere
Measurement；The electric field instrument is mounted in satellite for ionospheric electric field ionization meter；The Langmuir probe is mounted in be defended
It is used for measuring the electron density and temperature in ionosphere on star；The particle mass spectrometer is mounted on satellite to ionosphere
Neutral particle composition and charged ion drift velocity measure.
The A classes satellite orbital altitude is not less than 300km, it is to avoid Occultation receiver and three frequency Radio Beacons pass through ionosphere mistake
It is thin；The height of the B classes satellite is not higher than 800km, it is to avoid the feature in Seeds of First Post-flight apparatus measures ionosphere is not obvious.
The A classes satellite orbital altitude should be higher than the track of B class satellites, it is to avoid the ionization layer segment for observing in place
Not within remote sensing observations ionization layer segment.
Every track of the constellation is no less than 1 satellite, it is to avoid cause measurement data amount mistake because satellite is excessively sparse
Businessization is unfavorable to be ensured to ionosphere less.
The A classes satellite and B class satellites are three-axis stabilization absolute orientation gesture stability, and pointing accuracy is no worse than 5 °, refers to
It is better than 1 °/s to stability, it is to avoid imaging observation picture quality is too low.
The orbit measurement degree of accuracy of the constellation satellite is not less than 50km, it is to avoid because orbit measurement is forbidden to cause occultation to be surveyed
Graded effect is not obvious.
The sun observation instrument of the A classes satellite is arranged on satellite towards terrace, the Instrument sensor opening portion alignment sun
To flow, pointing accuracy is better than 5 °, and instrument Star Simulator can observe the sun to flow the cover time no less than 10%.
The extreme ultraviolet of the sun observation instrument at least covers 121.1nm wavelength, X-ray flow measurement and at least covers
Two wave bands of 0.1-0.8nm and 0.05-0.4nm, to obtain solar flare action message.
The fallout particulate detector of the A classes satellite includes electronics installed in satellite towards terrace, the charged particle of measurement
And proton, measure minimum initial energy and be not more than 2MeV, it is to avoid low-side energy particle information is lost.
The magnetometer boom size of the A classes satellite is not less than 50mm, avoids satellite body magnetic field to do measurement as far as possible
Disturb.
The Occultation receiver antenna of the A classes satellite is arranged on satellite side, the scope of measurement at least need covering GPS and
The navigation electric wave signal of BDS satellites, so that measurement occultation data as much as possible.
Three frequency Radio Beacon antennas of the A classes satellite are arranged on satellite to ground, and three beacons are respectively L-band, very high
Frequently (UHF) wave band and very high frequency(VHF) (VHF) wave band, ground configuration receive beacon no less than 1 receiving station.
The Langmuir probe that the ionosphere of the B classes satellite detects in place is constituted installed in satellite boom, at least installs 1
Pair, boom at least 10mm, it is to avoid satellite surface interferometry.
The electric field measuring apparatus that the ionosphere of the B classes satellite detects in place are by two boom structures for being arranged on satellite both sides
Into at least installation 1 pair, every boom at least 10mm, it is to avoid satellite surface interferometry.
The mass spectrograph that the ionosphere of the B classes satellite detects in place is arranged on the flight advance face of satellite.
The A classes satellite and B class passing of satelline stationary orbit trunking traffic satellites and earth station carry out down-transmitting data, as far as possible
Observation data are improved to ensureing the real-time support of business.
A kind of advantage of ionosphere activity space observation system of the invention is：
Activity observation system in ionosphere of the invention is under constellation total arrangement, it is possible to achieve for the industry that ionosphere is observed
Businessization is applied, so that relative single satellite improves the data precision of ionosphere activity prediction；Whole ionosphere observation system
It is made up of the satellite constellation including at least two tracks, and A classes satellite complexity ionosphere remote sensing observations, B in constellation in constellation
Class satellite is responsible for ionosphere and is measured in place；Can be used for ionospheric disturbance and its to ground electricity for the observation data in ionosphere
The forecast and amendment of the systems such as power, communication.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of space ionosphere observation procedure schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is A classes satellite and its detector schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is B classes satellite and its detector schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the occultation schematic diagram between B classes satellite and GNSS satellite；
Fig. 5 is relation schematic diagram between the frequency beacon of B classes satellite launch three and grounded receiving station；
Reference
1st, A classes satellite 2, B classes satellite 3, space ionosphere
4th, A classes satellite orbit 5, terrestrial equator 6, B class satellite orbits
7th, the earth 8, fallout particulate detector 9, sun observation device
10th, GNSS Occultation receivers 11, solar panel 12, magnetometer
13rd, the ultraviolet observer 14 of aurora and ionosphere, three frequency beacons 15, Langmuir probe
16th, neutral compound and ion mass-spectrometer 17, electric field instrument 18, GNSS satellite
19th, three frequency beacon ground receiver
Specific embodiment
A kind of ionosphere activity space observation system of the present invention is carried out in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples
Explanation.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of constellation of ionosphere activity space observation system of the invention is in Earth's orbit running orbit
Schematic diagram.A case study on implementation of the invention, the A classes that constellation contains 2 900km height circular orbits of orbital plane are defended
Star, 4 B class satellites of the 300km height circular orbits of orbital plane, each orbital plane is uniform in identical height track.Satellite refers to
It is 0.5 ° to precision, points to 0.001 °/s of stability, the orbit measurement degree of accuracy is 1km.
As shown in Fig. 2 a kind of ionosphere activity space observation system of the invention, the extreme ultraviolet of the sun observation instrument
Imaging covering 121.1nm wavelength, X-ray flow measurement covering two wave bands of 0.1-0.8nm and 0.05-0.4nm.Fallout particulate is visited
Device is surveyed installed in satellite towards terrace, electronics and proton is measured, electronic surveying energy is 50keV~10MeV, proton measurement range
It is 50keV~300MeV.Magnetometer boom size is 4m.The heading that Occultation receiver antenna is arranged on, measurement includes
The navigation electric wave signal of GPS, Galileo, GLONASS and the Big Dipper (BDS) satellite.Three frequency Radio Beacon antennas are arranged on satellite over the ground
Face, three beacons are respectively L-band, very high frequency(VHF) (UHF) wave band and very high frequency(VHF) (VHF) wave band, and ground configures 100 receiving stations and connects
By beacon.
As shown in figure 3, a kind of ionosphere activity space observation system of the invention, the Lang Miao that the ionosphere detects in place
You are constituted probe installed in satellite flight direction both sides boom, install 2 secondary, boom 50mm；The electric field that ionosphere detects in place is surveyed
Amount instrument is made up of two booms for being arranged on satellite both sides, installs 1 pair, and every is stretched 50mm；The mass spectrograph that ionosphere detects in place
Installed in the flight advance face of satellite.
A case study on implementation of the invention, is illustrated in figure 4 wherein one Occultation receiver of satellite and receives and pass through
The navigation electric wave schematic diagram of the GNSS satellite of ionosphere deviation.
A case study on implementation of the invention, is illustrated in figure 53 A classes satellites and successively flies over 4 surface beacons receptions
Stand, receive the schematic diagram of the beacon electric wave by the transmitting of 3 frequency Radio Beacons.
It should be noted last that, the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and it is unrestricted.Although ginseng
The present invention has been described in detail according to embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, to technical side of the invention
Case is modified or equivalent, and without departure from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should cover in the present invention
Right in the middle of.
Claims (16)
1. a kind of ionosphere activity space observation system, it is characterised in that described device includes：Low orbit mixed satellite constellation and
Be installed on it detector；
The satellite constellation includes at least 2 orbit altitudes, and each orbit altitude at least one orbital plane, different height track is defended
Star coordinates each other, including A classes satellite and B class satellites, constitutes the observation of solid space ionosphere；The A classes satellite is used for the sun
Observation, the fallout particulate of terrestrial pole and magnetic field measure and to ionosphere remote sensing observations in place；The B classes satellite is used to ionize
Layer detection in place；
Described is the sun optical imagery and the Flow Observation of Soft X-Ray Region to the extreme ultraviolet waveband of the sun to sun observation；
Observation is to utilize particle detector in place for the fallout particulate of the terrestrial pole, to along terrestrial pole magnetic field magnetic line by high-altitude
The charged particle flown to terrestrial pole is measured；The magnetic field measures in place, is to satellite flight route using magnetometer
The magnetic field in region measures；The ionosphere remote sensing observations is, using Seeds of First Post-flight Occultation receiver and three frequency Radio Beacons, to cover
Star receiver receives the navigation electric wave by ionosphere effect that GNSS satellite is emitted, so as to be carried out to ionosphere characteristic
Measurement, three frequency Radio Beacons earthward launch 3 electric wave signals of frequency range, and beacon is received in surface deployment receiver；
Detection is surveyed using Seeds of First Post-flight electric field measuring apparatus, Langmuir probe and particle mass spectrometer in place in the ionosphere
Amount；The electric field instrument is mounted in satellite for ionospheric electric field ionization meter；The Langmuir probe is mounted in satellite
It is upper to be used for measuring the electron density and temperature in ionosphere；The particle mass spectrometer is mounted on satellite to ionosphere
Neutral particle composition and charged ion drift velocity are measured.
2. activity space observation system in ionosphere according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the A classes satellite orbit is high
Degree is not less than 300km, it is to avoid it is excessively thin that Occultation receiver and three frequency Radio Beacons pass through ionosphere；The height of the B classes satellite is not high
In 800km, it is to avoid the feature in Seeds of First Post-flight apparatus measures ionosphere is not obvious.
3. activity space observation system in ionosphere according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the A classes satellite orbit is high
Degree should be higher than the track of B class satellites, it is to avoid the in place ionization layer segment for observing not remote sensing observations ionize layer segment with
It is interior.
4. activity space observation system in ionosphere according to claim 1, it is characterised in that every track of the constellation is not
Less than 1 satellite, it is to avoid cause measurement data amount very few because satellite is excessively sparse and ensure that businessization is unfavorable to ionosphere.
5. activity space observation system in ionosphere according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the A classes satellite and B classes are defended
Star is three-axis stabilization absolute orientation gesture stability, and pointing accuracy is no worse than 5 °, points to stability and is better than 1 °/s, it is to avoid imaging is seen
Altimetric image quality is too low.
6. activity space observation system in ionosphere according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the track of the constellation satellite
Accuracy of measurement is not less than 50km, it is to avoid because orbit measurement is forbidden to cause occultation measuring effect unobvious.
7. activity space observation system in ionosphere according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the sun of the A classes satellite
Observation instrument is arranged on satellite towards terrace, and Instrument sensor opening portion is directed at the sun to flow, and pointing accuracy is better than 5 °, and instrument is complete
Track can observe the sun to flow the cover time no less than 10%.
8. activity space observation system in ionosphere according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the sun observation instrument
Extreme ultraviolet at least covers 121.1nm wavelength, X-ray flow measurement and at least covers 0.1-0.8nm and 0.05-0.4nm two
Wave band, to obtain solar flare action message.
9. activity space observation system in ionosphere according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the sedimentation of the A classes satellite
Installed in satellite towards terrace, measurement charged particle includes electronics and proton to particle detector, and the minimum starting of measurement energy is not
More than 2MeV, it is to avoid low-side energy particle information is lost.
10. activity space observation system in ionosphere according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the magnetic field of the A classes satellite
Meter boom size is not less than 50mm, and interference of the satellite body magnetic field to measuring is avoided as far as possible.
11. activity space observation systems in ionosphere according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the occultation of the A classes satellite
Receiver antenna is arranged on satellite side, and the scope of measurement at least needs to cover the navigation electric wave signal of GPS and BDS satellites, from
And measurement occultation data as much as possible.
12. activity space observation systems in ionosphere according to claim 1, it is characterised in that three frequencies of the A classes satellite
Radio Beacon antenna is arranged on satellite to ground, and three beacons are respectively L-band, very high frequency(VHF) (UHF) wave band and very high frequency(VHF) (VHF) ripple
Section, ground configuration receives beacon no less than 1 receiving station.
13. activity space observation systems in ionosphere according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the ionization of the B classes satellite
The Langmuir probe of layer detection in place is constituted installed in satellite boom, at least installs 1 secondary, boom at least 10mm, it is to avoid satellite table
Face interferometry.
14. activity space observation systems in ionosphere according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the ionization of the B classes satellite
The electric field measuring apparatus of layer detection in place are made up of two booms for being arranged on satellite both sides, at least install 1 pair, and every boom is at least
10mm, it is to avoid satellite surface interferometry.
15. activity space observation systems in ionosphere according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the ionization of the B classes satellite
The mass spectrograph of layer detection in place is arranged on the flight advance face of satellite.
16. activity space observation systems in ionosphere according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the A classes satellite and B classes
Passing of satelline stationary orbit trunking traffic satellite and earth station carry out down-transmitting data, and observation data are improved as far as possible to ensureing business
Real-time is supported.
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| CN107390233A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2017-11-24 | 武汉大学 | A kind of low orbit satellite navigation enhancing Ionospheric delay correcting parametric technique |
| CN109358352A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-19 | 天津讯联科技有限公司 | A kind of spaceborne real-time occultation forecasting procedure |
| CN110275184A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-09-24 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | A kind of GNSS occultation Ionosphere Residual Error modification method, system, equipment and storage medium |
| CN112638776A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2021-04-09 | B-太空公司 | Method for observing planets by using observation satellites running around planets |
| CN112782730A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-05-11 | 中国电波传播研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所） | Three-frequency beacon machine measurement simulation method |
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| CN107390233A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2017-11-24 | 武汉大学 | A kind of low orbit satellite navigation enhancing Ionospheric delay correcting parametric technique |
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| CN110275184A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-09-24 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | A kind of GNSS occultation Ionosphere Residual Error modification method, system, equipment and storage medium |
| CN112782730A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-05-11 | 中国电波传播研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所） | Three-frequency beacon machine measurement simulation method |
| CN112782730B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2022-03-04 | 中国电波传播研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所） | Three-frequency beacon machine measurement simulation method |
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Application publication date: 20170531 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |