CN106767213A - A kind of Roof Control blasting method of soft broken top board ore body back production - Google Patents
A kind of Roof Control blasting method of soft broken top board ore body back production Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106767213A CN106767213A CN201710035123.2A CN201710035123A CN106767213A CN 106767213 A CN106767213 A CN 106767213A CN 201710035123 A CN201710035123 A CN 201710035123A CN 106767213 A CN106767213 A CN 106767213A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- hole
- ore
- top board
- blasting
- ore body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Roof Control blasting method of soft broken top board ore body back production, using Controlled blasting technique, by short-delay blasting the ore avalanche below controlled blasting layer, ore shield top layer is reserved, to safeguard Stope roof safety.The method uses shallow bore hole rock drilling, there are controlled blasting hole and the class borehole of main blast hole two, controlled blasting hole is arranged on controlled blasting line, main armament hole is arranged perpendicular to rock drilling working face by vertical setting of types, it uses elementary errors detonator, along scope of freedom explosion main armament hole by row, last time guiding detonating controlling blast hole is pressed downward ore deposit.It is obvious that the present invention is applied to ore body boundary line, top board built on the sand and ore body is hard firm, and need to stay the orebody mining for setting ore shield top, ore shield top can effectively be reserved, prevent the stope ore losses caused by top board collapses, so as to improve the rate of extraction, while effectively reduce top board barren rock being mixed into, ore dilution rate is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Underground Mining Methods, and in particular to a kind of Roof Control of soft broken top board ore body back production
Blasting method.
Background technology
In recent years, as society is increasingly exhausted with easy fief table resource to being continuously increased for alum clay mineral products resource requirement, I
State enters underground mining by strip mining transformation.According to the occurrence condition of bauxite, bauxitic ore is hard firm, and its immediate roof
Layer is thin, the laminated structure of shale is developed, property is soft, frangible, and compression strength is extremely low, and top board is disclosed and is caving in production process, has a strong impact on stope peace
Entirely.The domestic breast stoping that alum clay mine down-hole is used at present, causes working face to work and causes because top board collapses
Ore losses amount it is very big, therefore, the ore shield top layer of reserved 200 ~ 300mm is needed in process of production, but traditional
Common shallow bore hole falls the blasting procedure of ore deposit, is not that to backbreak be exactly to owe to dig, it is difficult to reserved regular lean ore stone shield top layer is realized, even if reluctantly
Leave shield top layer and but often do not reach the intensity requirement of supporting roof because explosion is shattered.
The content of the invention
Ore shield top can be effectively reserved it is an object of the invention to provide one kind, Stope roof safety is safeguarded, ore is improved
The rate of extraction, it is adaptable to top board built on the sand and ore body is hard firm, it is necessary to stay the Roof Control blasting method for setting ore shield top.
The Roof Control blasting method of this soft broken top board ore body back production that the present invention is provided, using Controlled blasting technique,
By short-delay blasting the ore avalanche below controlled blasting layer, ore shield top layer is reserved, it is to safeguard Stope safty including following
Step：
（1）After determining explosion section, in the nearly lower section row's controlled blasting hole of lateral arrangement one in the boundary line of immediate roof and ore body,
Several columns main armament hole is longitudinally arranged below controlled blasting hole；
（2）According to step（1）The hole position of determination is punched, and the direction of each blast hole is parallel to each other, and the depth in main armament hole is big
In the depth in controlled blasting hole；
（3）Continuous charging structure powder charge is pressed by the degree of packing of design to main armament hole, spaced loading structure is pressed to controlled blasting hole
Powder charge；
（4）Blasthole is blocked after the completion of powder charge, detonation company is carried out using series system by detonator and elementary errors detonator
Net；
（5）Since the main armament hole at the nearly scope of freedom, main armament hole is ignited by column by longitudinal direction, last guiding detonating controlling blast hole is pressed downward
Ore deposit, makes the ore left after explosion shield top bottom surface smooth and leaves half blasthole eye trace.
The position in the controlled blasting hole is at 200 ~ 300mm below immediate roof and the boundary line of ore body, adjacent
Controlled blasting hole is arranged that the quick-fried thickness degree of light is 800 ~ 900mm by the spacing of 400 ~ 600mm.
Spacing between main armament hole described in adjacent row is 1000mm or so, often arranges the spacing between the adjacent shot hole in main armament hole
It is 1200 ~ 1500mm.
The hole depth in the controlled blasting hole and main armament hole is controlled in 1800 ~ 2000mm, the depth ratio controlled blasting in main armament hole
The depth depth 200mm in hole or so.
The open eye position in the controlled blasting hole is allowed to make error along contour line on design section contour line and is not more than
The adjustment of 5cm, each borehole direction should be parallel to each other, and its offset error is no more than 5%.
Eye mouthful array pitch, the line-spacing error in the main armament hole are no more than 10cm.
The controlled blasting hole and main blast hole use powder charge bar powder charge.
The present invention in the nearly arranged beneath controlled blasting hole of ore body immediate roof Yu the boundary line of ore body, in controlled blasting hole
The main blast hole of arranged beneath, detonation networking is carried out by each blast hole using series system, using short-delay blasting technique, successively will be main
Blast hole and controlled blasting hole are ignited.Can so make excavation face smooth, reduce disturbance to country rock, rock without broken,
Crack is reduced, out break amount can be greatly reduced, realized that ore shield top layer is stayed and set, both protect top board, the rate of dilution is reduced again,
Realize effectively reserving ore shield top, safeguard Stope roof safety, prevent top board from collapsing, the rate of extraction is improved, while effectively reducing
Top board barren rock is mixed into, and reduces ore dilution rate.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that facade of the invention arranges schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the B-B schematic diagrames in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the C-C schematic diagrames in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the charge constitution schematic diagram in controlled blasting hole.
Fig. 5 is the charge constitution schematic diagram of main blast hole.
Each sequence number in figure：1- controlled blastings hole；2- main armaments hole；3- top boards；4- ores protect top layer；5- production ores；6- leads
Booster；7- stemmings；8- air columns；9-2 rock expanded ammonium nitrate explosives；10- elementary errors detonators.
Specific embodiment
By taking the bauxite of Henan as an example, the ore deposit ore body is in approximately EW strip spread, the continuous 3000m long of thing, north and south
200m~700m wide, mean breadth 350m, ore body area about 1.3km2.Ore bed thickness 0.43m~52.79m, average 5.70m, mainly
It is made up of bauxitic ore, at the top of it or middle local has paper clay ore deposit.Ore compression strength be 66.15MPa~
132.87MPa, average internal friction angle is 40 ° of 42 ˊ, and ore bed belongs to solid rock, and ore bed steadiness is good.
Ore bed immediate roof is bury, and layer is thin, laminated structure of shale development, property are soft, frangible, the characteristics of show water-swellable,
Compression strength is extremely low, and underground mining needs supporting, prevents roof fall slump.
Indirect top board is Taiyuan Forma-tion（C3t）Hypomere kern stone, is mainly made up of quartz, and closely, crack is or not silicious gangue
Development, according to surveying and determination, compression strength is more than 89.5MPa, belongs to solid rock, can make the firm top board of underground mining.Such as local crack
During development, supporting must be carried out.
Because ore body value is not high, and earth's surface does not allow to subside, and excludes filling and avalanche mining methods, suitable ore body
Mining methods are only barnyard mining methods.
The present embodiment using the Roof Control blasting method of soft broken top board ore body back production come this mine of safety coal extraction, using control
Blasting technique processed, by short-delay blasting the ore avalanche below controlled blasting layer, reserves the ore shield top layer of 200 ~ 300mm,
To safeguard Stope safty.Comprise the following steps that：
（1）Spray painting hole placing
First determine explosion section, the boundary line further according to immediate roof and ore body offsets downward 200 ~ 300mm and by 400 ~ 600mm
The row's controlled blasting hole 1 of spacing lateral arrangement one, then by controlled blasting line by 800 ~ 900mm distance arrangement main armament hole 2, it is main
Blasthole 2 is arranged that row's spacing 1000mm or so, 1200 ~ 1500mm of blasthole spacing or so are arranged perpendicular to rock drilling working face by vertical setting of types,
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3.Design parameter can determine according to live section situation；
（2）Rock drilling
By step（1）Position perforating determined by spray painting, the severity control of each blast hole is in 1800 ~ 2000mm.Wherein, control quick-fried
The open eye position of holes 1 allows to be adjusted along contour line on design section contour line, but its error cannot be greater than 5cm, borehole side
To that should be parallel to each other, its offset error is no more than 5%；The depth in main armament hole 2 preferably than controlled blasting hole depth 200mm, eye mouthful array pitch,
Line-spacing error is no more than 10cm；
（3）Powder charge and detonation network connecting mode
Main armament hole 2 uses continuous charging structure, carries out powder charge by the degree of packing of design, as shown in Figure 5.The master of the present embodiment is quick-fried
The degree of packing in hole is 0.6kg/m.
Controlled blasting hole 1 is spaced loading structure, and the degree of packing in the controlled blasting hole of the present embodiment is a 0.3kg/m left sides
It is right.Air-isolation post is formed between adjacent powder stick, shown in Fig. 4.Interval between adjacent powder stick is very crucial, has been spaced small up to not
To the requirement of controlled blasting, it has been spaced big and has been likely to result in propagation of explosion failure and explosive below cannot be ignited, it is therefore desirable to strict control
System.The present embodiment using powder charge bar come the interval between adjacent explosive cartridge in precise control controlled blasting hole, in controlled blasting hole
Powder charge process using powder charge bar is as follows：During dress first volume explosive, by powder charge bar top to the end, its aperture position is marked on powder charge bar
Put, made marks by explosive length and Air space length sum on powder charge bar, volume Two explosive powder charge bar pushes to mark
Place, the rest may be inferred for the push of remaining explosive cartridge.
When using powder charge bar powder charge in main armament hole, each powder stick is pushed successively by powder charge bar, note feeling latter
Stop exerting oneself when individual powder stick contacts previous powder stick, in order to avoid the susceptibility of explosive is reduced because of compacting, so as to influence bursting property.
After the completion of all of blast hole projectile filling, all blastholes are used into series winding side after each blasthole is blocked using stemming
Formula carries out detonation networking：Each hole is connected using a detonator per artillery salvo hole, the cloth at last blasthole in every artillery salvo hole
Put an elementary errors detonator for detonator connection.The mode of each series hole connection can be detonated with ensureing all blastholes, to avoid because individual
Other blasthole is miss-fired the potential safety hazard brought；
（4）Detonation
By elementary errors detonator since the nearly scope of freedom longitudinal direction explosion main armament hole 2 by column, ignite the last time of controlled blasting hole 1
It is pressed downward ore deposit.
The ore shield top layer 4 of 200mm or so is left after explosion, top board is smooth and leaves half blasthole eye trace, and broken ore breaks
Broken, boulder yield is less.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of Roof Control blasting method of soft broken top board ore body back production, using Controlled blasting technique, by short-delay blasting handle
Ore avalanche below controlled blasting layer, reserves ore shield top layer, to safeguard Stope safty, comprises the following steps：
（1）After determining explosion section, in the nearly lower section row's controlled blasting hole of lateral arrangement one in the boundary line of immediate roof and ore body,
Several columns main armament hole is longitudinally arranged below controlled blasting hole；
（2）According to step（1）The hole position of determination is punched, and the direction of each blast hole is parallel to each other, and the depth in main armament hole is big
In the depth in controlled blasting hole；
（3）Continuous charging structure powder charge is pressed by the degree of packing of design to main armament hole, spaced loading structure is pressed to controlled blasting hole
Powder charge；
（4）Blasthole is blocked after the completion of powder charge, detonation company is carried out using series system by detonator and elementary errors detonator
Net；
（5）Since the main armament hole at the nearly scope of freedom, main armament hole is ignited by column by longitudinal direction, last guiding detonating controlling blast hole is pressed downward
Ore deposit, makes the ore left after explosion shield top bottom surface smooth and leaves half blasthole eye trace.
2. the Roof Control blasting method of soft broken top board ore body back production as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The control
The position of blast hole is in the 200 ~ 300mm places below immediate roof and the boundary line of ore body, and adjacent controlled blasting hole presses 400 ~
The spacing arrangement of 600mm, the quick-fried thickness degree of light is 800 ~ 900mm.
3. the Roof Control blasting method of soft broken top board ore body back production as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Adjacent row institute
The spacing between main armament hole is stated for 900 ~ 1100mm, it is 1200 ~ 1500mm often to arrange the spacing between the adjacent shot hole in main armament hole.
4. the Roof Control blasting method of soft broken top board ore body back production as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The control
The hole depth control in blast hole and main armament hole in 1800 ~ 2000mm, the depth deep 150 in the depth ratio controlled blasting hole in main armament hole ~
200mm。
5. the Roof Control blasting method of soft broken top board ore body back production as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The control
The open eye position of blast hole allows to make the error no more than adjustment of 5cm, each borehole along contour line on design section contour line
Direction should be parallel to each other, and its offset error is no more than 5%.
6. the Roof Control blasting method of soft broken top board ore body back production as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The main armament
Eye mouthful array pitch, the line-spacing error in hole are no more than 10cm.
7. the Roof Control blasting method of soft broken top board ore body back production as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The control
Blast hole and main blast hole use powder charge bar powder charge.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710035123.2A CN106767213B (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2017-01-18 | A kind of Roof Control blasting method of soft broken top plate ore body back production |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710035123.2A CN106767213B (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2017-01-18 | A kind of Roof Control blasting method of soft broken top plate ore body back production |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106767213A true CN106767213A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
| CN106767213B CN106767213B (en) | 2018-06-19 |
Family
ID=58947136
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710035123.2A Active CN106767213B (en) | 2017-01-18 | 2017-01-18 | A kind of Roof Control blasting method of soft broken top plate ore body back production |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106767213B (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108132005A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-06-08 | 长春黄金研究院 | A kind of method of short-delay blasting in medium-length hole upward hole |
| CN110170350A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-08-27 | 太原钢铁(集团)有限公司 | Improve the method that jaw crusher breaks mine efficiency |
| CN110173247A (en) * | 2019-05-19 | 2019-08-27 | 中铁十九局集团矿业投资有限公司 | A kind of Roof Control fracturing process of soft broken top plate ore body back production |
| CN110185447A (en) * | 2019-05-19 | 2019-08-30 | 中铁十九局集团矿业投资有限公司 | A kind of vertical well fracturing control top plate method of the soft broken hard ore body back production of top plate in deep |
| CN110530219A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-12-03 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 | A kind of control blasting method reducing loss and dilution |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1047362A (en) * | 1989-05-19 | 1990-11-28 | 冶金工业部马鞍山矿山研究院 | Freeing mineral method by horizontally and vertically alternative control of blasting |
| RU2472931C1 (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2013-01-20 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Санкт-Петербургский государственный горный университет" | Control method of poorly caving roof at mining of gas-bearing formations in faces with mechanised complexes |
| CN104213918A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2014-12-17 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 | Multilayer gently-inclined extremely-narrow vein stoping blasting technology |
| CN105626072A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-06-01 | 林立荣 | Metal mine transverse drift four-mining one-reserving retreat mining structure and method |
| CN104453899B (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2016-08-24 | 大同煤矿集团有限责任公司 | Complex condition island working face safety coal extraction method |
-
2017
- 2017-01-18 CN CN201710035123.2A patent/CN106767213B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1047362A (en) * | 1989-05-19 | 1990-11-28 | 冶金工业部马鞍山矿山研究院 | Freeing mineral method by horizontally and vertically alternative control of blasting |
| RU2472931C1 (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2013-01-20 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Санкт-Петербургский государственный горный университет" | Control method of poorly caving roof at mining of gas-bearing formations in faces with mechanised complexes |
| CN104213918A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2014-12-17 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 | Multilayer gently-inclined extremely-narrow vein stoping blasting technology |
| CN104453899B (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2016-08-24 | 大同煤矿集团有限责任公司 | Complex condition island working face safety coal extraction method |
| CN105626072A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-06-01 | 林立荣 | Metal mine transverse drift four-mining one-reserving retreat mining structure and method |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108132005A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-06-08 | 长春黄金研究院 | A kind of method of short-delay blasting in medium-length hole upward hole |
| CN108132005B (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2019-09-17 | 长春黄金研究院 | A kind of method of short-delay blasting in medium-length hole upward hole |
| CN110170350A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-08-27 | 太原钢铁(集团)有限公司 | Improve the method that jaw crusher breaks mine efficiency |
| CN110173247A (en) * | 2019-05-19 | 2019-08-27 | 中铁十九局集团矿业投资有限公司 | A kind of Roof Control fracturing process of soft broken top plate ore body back production |
| CN110185447A (en) * | 2019-05-19 | 2019-08-30 | 中铁十九局集团矿业投资有限公司 | A kind of vertical well fracturing control top plate method of the soft broken hard ore body back production of top plate in deep |
| CN110530219A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2019-12-03 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 | A kind of control blasting method reducing loss and dilution |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106767213B (en) | 2018-06-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106767213B (en) | A kind of Roof Control blasting method of soft broken top plate ore body back production | |
| CN102808622B (en) | Method for recovering ore pillar by medium-length hole and deep hole combined blasting technology | |
| CN108661643B (en) | It a kind of coal working face end adopts return channel and cuts top release shield lane method | |
| CN110779403B (en) | Hole-by-hole initiation and presplitting blasting crack forming method for open deep hole step presplitting hole under complex environment | |
| AU2012250274B2 (en) | Method of blasting multiple layers or levels of rock | |
| CN103306679B (en) | " ︱ type " scope of freedom slotting simultaneous shaft sin king technique | |
| CN106091848B (en) | It is a kind of to realize overlength, the method for high inclination-angle tunnel anchorage top bar explosion | |
| CN105674816A (en) | Medium-length hole blasting one-time shaft-forming method used for non-coal mine mountain | |
| CN106440981B (en) | Improve the deep hole blasting method of bulk yield in developmental joint fissure granite mine | |
| CN112161534B (en) | One-step mining control blasting method for mine underground upward access | |
| CN104948190B (en) | Method for caving top surrounding rock to form covering layer recovery stud | |
| CN109372509A (en) | Arrangement method for double-hollow-hole rhombic cut holes in access filling mining | |
| CN104790950B (en) | Optimized mining middle-deep blasthole millisecond blasting slot cutting method | |
| CN117307169A (en) | Reinforced blasting roof cutting pressure relief method for high-level roadway hard roof | |
| CN108413822A (en) | To fan shaped medium length hole Shock reducing blasting method in one kind | |
| CN111595213A (en) | Application of non-cutting raise grooving method in blasting stope | |
| CN110671979A (en) | Controlled blasting method for forming cutting well by deep hole extrusion blasting | |
| US4025115A (en) | Method of enhancing recovery of oil from pillars adjacent in situ oil shaft retort | |
| CN110530222B (en) | Blasting treatment method for double-layer overlapped goaf | |
| CN113338930B (en) | Mining method for preventing gas from exceeding limit in initial mining period of group head mining surface of short-distance coal seam | |
| CN106767210A (en) | Surface drilling overhead caving method | |
| CN115046443B (en) | Construction method for breaking blasting in upper section and lower section of roof-cutting entry retaining of thick coal seam | |
| CN108661638B (en) | A kind of method of ring holes recycling ore pillar | |
| KR100447286B1 (en) | Tunnel long hole blasting 2 row explosive blasting method | |
| Wright et al. | Blasting Research at the Bureau of Mines Oil-shale Mine |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |