CN106711747B - Composite cavity structure optical fiber oscillator based on same-band pumping technology - Google Patents
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/0675—Resonators including a grating structure, e.g. distributed Bragg reflectors [DBR] or distributed feedback [DFB] fibre lasers
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/094042—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a fibre laser
- H01S3/094046—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a fibre laser of a Raman fibre laser
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/0941—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a laser diode
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Abstract
The invention relates to a composite cavity structure high-power optical fiber oscillator system based on same-band pumping. The oscillator adopts the same-band pumping scheme, and utilizes the 1010 nm-1030 nm wave band ytterbium-doped fiber laser to pump the fiber oscillator with the composite cavity structure, so as to obtain high-power and high-efficiency fiber laser output. By the same-band pumping scheme, the brightness of the injected pumping light source is effectively improved, and the injection power of the pumping light is increased, so that the output power level of the oscillator is improved. Meanwhile, a composite cavity structure is formed by cascade connection of a plurality of pairs of gratings, nonlinear action intensity in the optical fiber is effectively reduced by introducing light with a plurality of wavelengths, the effective action length of nonlinear effect is shortened, and the nonlinear effect threshold is improved, so that higher output power level of the oscillator is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an optical fiber laser, in particular to a composite cavity structure optical fiber oscillator based on the same-band pumping technology.
Background
The fiber laser has the advantages of good beam quality, high conversion efficiency, stable and compact structure, convenient thermal management and the like, and has wide application prospect in the fields of laser medical treatment, bioengineering, industrial manufacturing, national defense construction and the like. Currently, high-power fiber lasers are usually realized by ytterbium-doped fibers, and single-fiber single-mode output power is up to 20kW, and multimode output power is up to 100kW. The above records are all created by the structure of the optical fiber amplifier, and the highest power of the optical fiber oscillator with simpler and more compact structure is in the order of thousands of watts, and the highest power in the 1 micrometer wave band long wave direction (> 1120 nm) is only hundreds of watts. With the improvement of manufacturing processes of devices such as double-clad optical fibers, optical fiber gratings and the like, the power of an optical fiber oscillator is continuously improved, but factors such as insufficient brightness of a pumping light source, nonlinear effect, optical fiber thermal lens effect and the like still become development bottlenecks. In order to break through the limitation of the brightness of the pumping light source on the power improvement, researchers in recent years propose a same-band pumping scheme, the scheme firstly utilizes the conventional semiconductor laser pumping to generate fiber laser with higher brightness, and then uses the generated laser to continuously pump to generate fiber laser with higher brightness, so that the brightness of the pumping light source is effectively improved through a secondary pumping process, and the injection power of the pumping light is increased. Meanwhile, the pump light and the emergent laser are in the same energy band of the doped ions, the wavelength difference is small, the quantum loss in the energy conversion process is reduced, and the thermal load in the optical fiber can be relieved. The co-band pumping scheme therefore represents a great advantage in terms of higher power output of the fiber laser.
Although the on-band pumping scheme has a large power boosting potential, oscillator power is still subject to nonlinear effects. In the structure of the optical fiber oscillator, when the laser power density in the optical fiber is high, nonlinear effects such as stimulated Raman scattering, stimulated Brillouin scattering and the like are easy to generate, so that most of energy is transferred to Stokes light, the increase of signal optical power in the oscillator is affected, and the Stokes light transmitted in the backward direction can threaten the safety of a front-stage system. If a plurality of pairs of gratings are used in the oscillator to form a composite cavity, the nonlinear action intensity in the optical fiber is effectively reduced by introducing light with a plurality of wavelengths, the effective action length of nonlinear effect is shortened, and the nonlinear effect threshold is improved, so that the higher output power level of the oscillator can be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite cavity structure high-power optical fiber oscillator based on same-band pumping.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a high-power optical fiber oscillator with a composite cavity structure based on the same-band pumping technology utilizes a semiconductor laser to pump to obtain an ytterbium-doped optical fiber laser with a wavelength band of 1010 nm-1030 nm, and then utilizes the optical fiber oscillator with the composite cavity structure formed by pumping two or more pairs of optical fiber gratings to effectively improve the nonlinear effect threshold value and realize the output of optical fiber laser with higher power.
Specifically, the structure of the 1010 nm-1030 nm ytterbium-doped fiber laser comprises a pump laser, a front-stage power beam combiner, a 1010 nm-1030 nm high reflection fiber grating, a double-cladding ytterbium-doped fiber and a 1010 nm-1030 nm low reflection fiber grating which are connected in sequence.
The structure of the optical fiber oscillator with the composite cavity structure comprises a power beam combiner and a plurality of optical fiber oscillators which are sequentially connected and have the center wavelength lambda 1 、λ 2 、……λ n High-reflection fiber grating, double-cladding ytterbium-doped fiber, double-cladding passive fiber, and sequentially connected central wavelength lambda n 、……λ 2 、λ 1 Low reflection fiber gratings of (2). Wherein, the wavelength of the high-reflection fiber grating and the low-reflection fiber grating is in the range of 1 micrometer wave band, and the central wavelength lambda 1 、λ 2 、……λ n Sequentially increasing (n is more than or equal to 2), and the wavelength intervals of adjacent wavelengths are all in the Raman gain spectrum range.
The pump laser may be a semiconductor laser with an operating wavelength of 976nm or 915 nm.
The front-stage power combiner may be an n×1 combiner (n is a positive integer), and the pump arm fiber should be matched with the fiber at the output end of the front-stage pump laser.
The power beam combiner can be an n multiplied by 1 beam combiner (n is a positive integer), and the pumping arm optical fiber is matched with the optical fiber of the low reflection fiber grating of the 1010 nm-1030 nm ytterbium-doped fiber laser.
The center wavelength of the high-reflection fiber grating and the low-reflection fiber grating in the fiber oscillator with the composite cavity structure can be selected in a 1-micrometer wave band, and meanwhile, the emission spectrum range of ytterbium ions is satisfied; the number of the high reflection fiber gratings is the same as that of the low reflection fiber gratings, and the center wavelengths are in one-to-one correspondence; the number of the fiber gratings can be 2 pairs or more pairs of gratings; and the wavelength interval of the fiber gratings with adjacent wavelengths is in the Raman gain spectrum range. The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein Deltav is Raman frequency shift in the silicon substrate optical fiber, and the value is about 13.2THz; c is the speed of light.
The length of the passive optical fiber in the optical fiber oscillator with the composite cavity structure has a certain value, and can also be 0.
The working engineering of the invention is as follows:
firstly, semiconductor laser pumping is utilized to obtain high-power ytterbium-doped fiber laser with the center wavelength of 1010-1030 nm, and the laser is used as a pumping source to be injected into a fiber oscillator with a composite cavity structure. Taking a composite cavity structure formed by two pairs of fiber gratings as an example, due to the frequency selection effect of the fiber gratings, two wavelengths of laser, namely signal light and Raman light, can be generated in the ytterbium-doped fiber in the cavity. Due to the gain characteristic of ytterbium ions, the gain of the Raman light in the ytterbium-doped fiber is smaller, and the gain of the signal light in the ytterbium-doped fiber is larger. When the pump power is low, the signal light first starts to vibrate and obtains the main gain. In the passive optical fiber, under the effect of the Raman effect, the signal light is gradually converted into Raman light, so that high-power laser output is realized. And the structure of the composite cavity of the cascade connection of the plurality of fiber gratings is the same, and the high-power fiber laser output can be finally obtained through multiple Raman frequency shifts.
The invention has the technical effects that:
the invention utilizes 1010 nm-1030 nm wave band ytterbium-doped fiber laser to pump the composite cavity structure mixed gain fiber oscillator to obtain high-power and high-efficiency fiber laser output. By the same-band pumping scheme, the brightness of the injected pumping light source is effectively improved, and the injection power of the pumping light is increased, so that the output power level of the laser is improved. Meanwhile, a composite cavity structure is formed by cascading a plurality of pairs of fiber gratings, nonlinear action intensity in the optical fiber is effectively reduced by introducing light with a plurality of wavelengths, the effective action length of nonlinear effect is shortened, and the nonlinear effect threshold is improved, so that higher output power level of the oscillator is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ytterbium-doped fiber laser of 1010nm to 1030nm for in-band pumping according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fiber laser of a composite cavity structure based on in-band pumping according to the present invention;
wherein each reference numeral denotes:
1-1: a 1# pump laser; 1-2: a 2# pump laser; 1-3: a 3# pump laser; 1-4: a # 4 pump laser; 1-5: a # 5 pump laser; 1-6: a 6# pump laser; 1-7: a 7# pump laser; 1-8: a front stage power combiner; 1-9:1010 nm-1030 nm high reflection fiber grating; 1-10: double-clad ytterbium-doped optical fiber; 1-11:1010 nm-1030 nm low reflection fiber grating; 1-a: ytterbium-doped fiber laser with 1#1010 nm-1030 nm; 1-b:2#1010 nm-1030 nm ytterbium doped fiber laser; 1-c: ytterbium-doped fiber laser with 3#1010 nm-1030 nm; 1-d: ytterbium-doped fiber laser with the wavelength of 4#1010 nm-1030 nm; 1-e: ytterbium-doped fiber laser with the wavelength of 5#1010 nm-1030 nm; 1-f:6#1010 nm-1030 nm ytterbium doped fiber laser; 1-g:7#1010 nm-1030 nm ytterbium doped fiber laser; 2: a power combiner; 3: wavelength lambda 1 Is a high reflection fiber grating: 4: wavelength lambda n High reflection fiber gratings; 5: double-clad ytterbium-doped optical fiber; 6: double-clad passive optical fiber; 7: wavelength lambda n Low reflection fiber gratings of (2); 8: wavelength lambda 1 Low reflection fiber gratings of (2). Wherein the number of gratings can be 2 or more pairs, i.e. n.gtoreq.2.
Detailed Description
The invention utilizes 1010 nm-1030 nm wave band ytterbium-doped fiber laser to pump the composite cavity structure mixed gain fiber oscillator to obtain high-power and high-efficiency fiber laser output. By the same-band pumping scheme, the problem of insufficient brightness of the pumping light source is effectively solved, and the injection power of the pumping light is increased, so that the output power level of the oscillator is improved. Meanwhile, a composite cavity structure is formed by cascade connection of a plurality of pairs of gratings, nonlinear action intensity in the optical fiber is effectively reduced by introducing light with a plurality of wavelengths, the effective action length of nonlinear effect is shortened, and the nonlinear effect threshold is improved, so that higher output power level of the laser is realized.
Referring to FIG. 1, the structure of the 1010 nm-1030 nm ytterbium-doped fiber laser for in-band pumping in the invention is schematically shown, and the structure based on the 1010 nm-1030 nm ytterbium-doped fiber laser comprises a pumping laser, a front-stage power beam combiner 1-8, a 1010 nm-1030 nm high-reflection fiber grating 1-9, a double-cladding ytterbium-doped fiber 1-10 and a 1010 nm-1030 nm low-reflection fiber grating 1-11 which are sequentially connected. The number of the pump lasers is 7, and the pump lasers are respectively 1# pump laser 1-1, 2# pump laser 1-2, 3# pump laser 1-3, 4# pump laser 1-4, 5# pump laser 1-5, 6# pump laser 1-6 and 7# pump laser 1-7.
Referring to fig. 2, the structure of the optical fiber oscillator with the composite cavity structure based on the same-band pump in the invention is schematically shown, and the structure of the optical fiber oscillator with the composite cavity structure based on the same-band pump comprises a 1010 nm-1030 nm ytterbium-doped optical fiber laser, a power beam combiner 2 and a wavelength lambda which are connected in sequence 1 High reflection fiber grating 3 with wavelength lambda n High reflection fiber grating 4, double-cladding ytterbium-doped fiber 5, double-cladding passive fiber 6, wavelength lambda n Low reflection fiber grating 7 of lambda wavelength 1 Low reflection fiber grating 8 of (2). Wherein 7 ytterbium-doped fiber lasers of 1010nm to 1030nm are used, namely, 1-a, 1-b, 1-c, 1-d, 1-e, 1-g, 1-f and 1-g, respectively, 1-c, 4-1030 nm-ytterbium-doped fiber lasers of 1-c, 1-e, 6-1030 nm-ytterbium-doped fiber lasers of 1-f, 7-1010 nm-1030 nm-ytterbium-doped fiber lasers of 1-g. The high reflection/low reflection fiber gratings can be two or more pairs of gratings, namely n is more than or equal to 2.
All the devices are all optical fibers, and all the devices are integrated through optical fiber fusion. The optical fiber laser with the composite cavity structure of the 1 micron wave band is pumped by the 976nm semiconductor laser to obtain the high-power optical fiber laser output of 1010nm to 1030nm, and the optical fiber oscillator with the composite cavity structure of the 1 micron wave band is pumped by the optical fiber laser to obtain the high-power optical fiber laser output of the 1 micron wave band.
Examples of embodiments:
the optical fiber oscillator with the composite cavity structure based on the same-band pumping and formed by two pairs of optical fiber gratings is taken as an example for illustration. Firstly pumping an ytterbium-doped fiber laser with the center wavelength of 1018nm by using a 976nm semiconductor laser, wherein: the output power of a single 976nm semiconductor laser can reach 200W, and the output tail fiber is a multimode fiber with the fiber core diameter of 105 mu m and the inner cladding diameter of 125 mu m (105/125 mu m); using 7 976nm semiconductor lasers as pump sources, injecting pump light into 1018nm ytterbium-doped fiber lasers via a 7×1 front-stage power combiner; 1018nm high reflective grating reflectivity is 99%, effective bandwidth is 2nm, low reflective grating reflectivity is 15%, and effective bandwidth is 0.7nm; the double-cladding ytterbium-doped fiber uses a 20/130 mu m double-cladding fiber, and the absorption coefficient at 976nm is 6dB/m, and the length is 4 meters; the output power of the 1018nm ytterbium-doped fiber laser can reach 1000W. 7 1018nm fiber lasers were combined into one output by a 7X 1 power combiner, and the output fiber was a 200/220 μm fiber. The output power of a single laser can reach 1000W, and the single-path fiber laser output of 7000W can be obtained through beam combination. Finally, high-power 1018nm fiber laser output by the beam combination is injected into a 1070nm/1120nm composite cavity fiber laser, wherein the 1070nm high-reflection fiber grating reflectivity is 99%, the bandwidth is 2nm, the low-reflection fiber grating reflectivity is 50%, and the bandwidth is 1nm;1120nm high reflection fiber grating reflectivity 99%, bandwidth 2nm, low reflection fiber grating reflectivity 50%, bandwidth 1nm; the ytterbium-doped optical fiber is a double-clad optical fiber with the length of 20/400 mu m and the length of 15m; the passive fiber was 20/400 μm long with a length of 30m. According to the conversion efficiency of 60%, 1120nm fiber laser output of about 4200W can be obtained.
In contrast to the scheme of pumping with a 976nm semiconductor laser pump source: assuming that 976nm semiconductor lasers with output powers up to about 200 watts (105/125 microns pigtails) are also used, a total of about 1400 watts of pump power can be achieved by the 7 x 1 power combiner described above, and the resulting 976nm pump light is used to inject 1070nm single wavelength fiber oscillators. Even at 60% conversion efficiency (theoretical calculations indicate that the output power and efficiency of the pump-in-band laser is higher than that of 976nm pump), only 1070nm power output of about 800 watts can be obtained, which is only about a fifth of the output power obtained with 1018nm pump scheme. The obvious advantage of the invention in obtaining high-power ytterbium-doped fiber laser output can be seen by comparison.
In contrast to standard fiber oscillator architecture based on in-band pumping: assuming that a beam output is synthesized by a 7 x 1 power combiner, again using 7 1018nm fiber lasers, a pump power of about 7000W can be obtained. The high power 1018nm optical fiber laser output by the beam combination is injected into the optical fiber oscillator with single 1070nm wavelength, because the nonlinear effect in the optical fiber will generate Raman light when the pumping power is about 4000W, even according to the conversion efficiency of 70%, the 1070nm power output of about 2800W can be obtained, and then the increasing of the pumping power Shi Laman optical power is continuously improved, and the continuous increase of 1070nm laser power is limited. For the 1070nm/1120nm composite cavity structure fiber laser, since light with multiple wavelengths is introduced, the raman action intensity of the laser with different wavelengths is reduced under the condition that the total power is the same. On the other hand, the longer the laser wavelength is, the smaller the raman gain coefficient is, and thus the raman threshold will be higher. Theoretical calculation results show that when the pump laser power in the same band is about 7000W, the fiber oscillator with the composite cavity structure can obtain about 4200W 1120nm fiber laser output, and the output power of the fiber oscillator with the single 1070nm wavelength is about 1.5 times. From this result, it can be seen that the composite cavity structure improves stimulated raman scattering threshold, realizing the advantage of power promotion.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a compound cavity structure fiber oscillator based on with taking pumping technique which characterized in that: the semiconductor laser is used for pumping to obtain an ytterbium-doped fiber laser with the wavelength of 1010-1030 nm, and then a composite cavity structure fiber oscillator formed by pumping a plurality of fiber gratings is used for effectively improving the nonlinear effect threshold value and realizing the output of fiber laser with higher power;
the structure of the 1010 nm-1030 nm ytterbium-doped fiber laser comprises a pump laser, a front-stage power beam combiner, 1010 nm-1030 nm high-reflection fiber gratings, double-cladding ytterbium-doped fibers and 1010 nm-1030 nm low-reflection fiber gratings which are connected in sequence;
the structure of the optical fiber oscillator with the composite cavity structure comprises a power beam combiner and a plurality of optical fiber oscillators which are sequentially connected and have the center wavelength lambda 1 、λ 2 、……λ n High-reflection fiber grating, double-cladding ytterbium-doped fiber, double-cladding passive fiber, and sequentially connected central wavelength lambda n 、……λ 2 、λ 1 Wherein the wavelength of the high-reflection fiber grating and the low-reflection fiber grating is in the range of 1 micrometer wave band, and the central wavelength lambda 1 、λ 2 、……λ n Sequentially increasing n is more than or equal to 2, and the wavelength intervals of adjacent wavelengths are all in the Raman gain spectrum range;
the pump laser is a semiconductor laser with the working wavelength of 976nm or 915 nm;
the front-stage power beam combiner is an m multiplied by 1 beam combiner, m is a positive integer, and the optical fiber of the pumping arm is matched with the optical fiber of the output end of the pumping laser.
2. The composite cavity structure fiber oscillator based on the in-band pumping technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the power beam combiner of the optical fiber oscillator with the composite cavity structure is an m 'x 1 beam combiner, m' is a positive integer, and the pumping arm optical fiber is matched with the optical fiber of the low-reflection fiber grating of the 1010-1030 nm ytterbium-doped optical fiber laser.
3. The composite cavity structure fiber oscillator based on the in-band pumping technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the center wavelength of the high-reflection fiber grating and the low-reflection fiber grating in the fiber oscillator with the composite cavity structure is selected in a 1-micrometer wave band, and meanwhile, the emission spectrum range of ytterbium ions is satisfied; the number of the high reflection fiber gratings is the same as that of the low reflection fiber gratings, and the center wavelengths are in one-to-one correspondence; the number of the fiber gratings is a plurality of pairs of gratings; and the wavelength interval of the gratings with adjacent wavelengths is in the Raman gain spectrum range, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein Δν is raman shift in the silicon substrate fiber, which is approximately 13.2THz; c is the speed of light.
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| CN112400260A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2021-02-23 | Ipg光子公司 | High power ytterbium with 1.02-1.06 μm cladding pumping scheme: erbium (Yb: Er) fiber laser system |
| CN114300943B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-10-18 | 北京工业大学 | Electro-absorption active modulation spontaneous pulse type photon cascade semiconductor laser and preparation method thereof |
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