CN106652483B - The method for laying traffic information test point in regional highway network using detection device - Google Patents
The method for laying traffic information test point in regional highway network using detection device Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G08G1/042—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled using inductive or magnetic detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
- G08G1/0108—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data
- G08G1/0116—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data from roadside infrastructure, e.g. beacons
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for laying traffic information test point in regional highway network using detection device, comprising: establishes highway network modeling；Satisfying the need using important intersection and cities and towns entrance as node, network section progress is overall for the first time to be divided, and combining road administration especially administrative division divides relevant road segments progress for second；Selecting index node position importance, node institute link road segment number are given a mark；First to node according to importance sorting, then sort to node relevant road segments according to weight size；Successively guarantee there is a video detector in section that each node is connected according to the height of pitch point importance.The present invention improves the spatial coverage of detection and the representativeness of survey data conscientiously；The data for being able to reflect network of highways entirety traffic information are obtained with least test point, reduce the construction investment and later period operation investment of dynamic transport data gathering and processing system to greatest extent；Guarantee the scientific rationality of distribution method and layout scheme.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to traffic information detector layout technical fields more particularly to a kind of utilization detection device in region public affairs
The method of road network laying traffic information test point.
Background technique
For highway in China based on coil checker, coil is embedded in underground at present, can not acquire, and can not identify license plate,
Also turning flow information can not accurately be collected.The method of traffic information detector layout mainly has random choice method, master at present
Want the methods of section back-and-forth method, check line back-and-forth method and magnitude of traffic flow method.But these methods are all empirical methods, do not pass through section
Demonstration calculates, because cloth sets up an office incomplete, the information of acquisition is not complete, can not be accurately analyzed comprehensively all highways
With consideration weight, usually there is the problems such as detection data is repeated or omitted in the test point of laying.
It can not be accurately to institute in conclusion current traffic information test point device category is single, the method for laying exists
There is highway to be analyzed and considered weight comprehensively, the test point of laying usually has the problems such as detection data is repeated or omitted.
Summary of the invention
Traffic information test point is laid in regional highway network using detection device the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of
Method, it is intended to which the method for solving current traffic information detector layout exists and can not be accurately analyzed comprehensively all highways
With consideration weight, the test point of laying usually has that detection data is repeated or omitted.
The invention is realized in this way a kind of side for laying traffic information test point in regional highway network using detection device
Method, it is described using detection device regional highway network lay traffic information test point method the following steps are included:
Step 1 obtains network of highways map and land used includes small towns population, GDP information along the line；
Step 2 determines highway node and section, satisfies the need network using important intersection and cities and towns entrance as node
Duan Jinhang is overall for the first time to be divided, and combining road administration especially administrative division carries out second to relevant road segments and divides, according to
The length in section and the requirement of observation mileage carry out last segmentation road section length to the too long section in part and are no more than 15 kilometers；
Step 3, calculate node different degree and section weight；Pitch point importance selecting index node position importance
(containing two villages and towns rank, category of roads aspects), two aspects of node institute link road segment number respectively beat by ten grades of progress, Pyatyi
Point, pitch point importance value=position importance score value * 5+ node link road segment number score value；Section weight cij=road row
Political affairs grade score value+number of track-lines score value+road section length score value；Road administrative hierarchy score value is 10 score values；Number of track-lines score value is 5 points
Value；Road section length score value is 5 score values；
Step 4 establishes highway network modeling, and using vital point as node, using section as side, and it is corresponding to assign each section
Weight is established and assigns power road network topology structure chart；
Step 5 first sorts to node according to different degree score value, then sorts to node relevant road segments according to weight size,
First lay video detector, method is successively guarantees to have in section that each node is connected according to the height of pitch point importance
Then one video detector lays line to other sections according to the size of the size of pitch point importance and its connection section weight
Enclose detector；
Step 6, one video of every laying or coil checker calculate one-time detection coverage rate, until all devices are uniformly distributed
If finishing or until coverage rate reaches expected coverage rate, to obtain layout scheme.Same available different coverage rate mesh
Detection device quantity needed for mark is lower or the coverage rate under certain amount detection device, to formulate layout scheme by stages.
Further, the method that the building of the road network models uses graph theory；Figure in graph theory is point v and directed edge e
Set, point be side connection object, while reflecting the relationship between a little；Figure be some objects of description and its between relationship mould
Type；
It is G=(V, E) by seal, wherein V represents the set of point, V={ vi}；E represents the set of directed edge, E=
{eij}；Given figure G=(V, E), for the oriented e in each side in Gij, corresponding power is cij, then G is known as together with the power on side
Weighted graph；
Using road junction as node, using oriented section as side, and assigns each section corresponding weight, establish weighted graph；
Scheme the incidence matrix A=(a of G=(V, E)ij) it is following m*n matrix:
In formula: cij--- side eijWeight, it is related with category of roads, number of track-lines, road section length and flow；viReij——
viWith eijBetween there are incidence relations.
Further, which section setting video detector that specific node is connected, then carry out according to section weight size
Sequence；It is other then cloth is set as coil checker.
Further, all standing object module for laying the method for traffic information test point in road network using detection device
Are as follows:
In formula: X --- detection points；
N --- node total number；
cij--- oriented section eijOn when having equipment, the weight or weight in the covered section of the equipment and；
When detector layout covering section weight reached all sections weight and when, just reach 100% covering.
Further, the method differentiation two for laying traffic information test point in road network using detection device is substantially oriented
Similarity degree between road section traffic volume flow, uses related coefficientDescription, whereinIn formula, X represents the volume of traffic array of section X, and Y is represented
The volume of traffic array of section Y；ρ (X, Y) represents the related coefficient between X, Y magnitude of traffic flow of section；And the flow number of section X, Y
According to the corresponding data that must be same time phase.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of utilization detection devices to lay traffic information in regional highway network
The detection device of the method for test point, the detection device include:
Induction coil detector causes at the variation of electromagnetic induction to by coil or the vehicle being present on coil
It manages and reaches testing goal；The traffic parameter of acquisition includes: acquisition flow, occupation rate, speed；
Video detector, shooting and record for traffic condition identify traffic event information by video identification technology,
Obtain flow, occupation rate, speed, queue length, license plate.
The method provided by the invention for laying traffic information test point in regional highway network using detection device, covers comprehensively
Lid, detector layout should realize comprehensive covering to road network, and utilization is that the model of science covers to screen Important Sections and calculate
Lid rate, with the representativeness of the practical spatial coverage for improving detection and survey data；Rational deployment, detector layout should be noted that with
Highway network arrangement form and technical characteristic are mutually coordinated, and are able to reflect network of highways entirety traffic information with the acquisition of least test point
Data, combine the traffic condition of Important Sections, realize the rational deployment of test point；Moderate scale, detector layout are answered
The optimal balance of realization scale and efficiency reduces the construction investment and later period fortune of dynamic transport data gathering and processing system to greatest extent
Row investment；For example, a crossroad is connected with 8 sections, 7 sets of equipment are laid rather than 8 sets can obtain all flow informations,
It is wherein a set of for video, in addition to being used to traffic monitoring as far as possible, the functions such as Car license recognition candid photograph can also be carried out
It is specific as shown in figure 3, for 8 sections that node 2 connects, 4 exit ramps of totally 4 entrance driveway can be with wherein one
A direction section such as e12 does not lay detection device, and opposite direction section e21 is laid video detecting device.The road that node 3 is connected
Section is also similarly.14 sections of 8 nodes connection in road network lay 12 sets equipment can all standing, without 14 sets of laying
Equipment.Quantitative analysis is combined with qualitative analysis, the method that detector layout should take quantitative analysis to combine with qualitative analysis,
Guarantee the scientific rationality of distribution method and layout scheme.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the side provided in an embodiment of the present invention for laying traffic information test point in regional highway network using detection device
Method flow chart.
Fig. 2 is laying flow chart provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the section cell schematics that detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention is laid.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Application principle of the invention is explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
It is provided in an embodiment of the present invention to be adopted using detection device in the method that regional highway network lays traffic information test point
With the acquisition equipment complex acquisition of visual and not visible two kinds of fixed points；The not visible coil for referring to highway and generally using, acquisition flow,
Occupation rate, speed；Visually refer to video monitor, then it can be with flow, occupation rate, speed, queue length, license plate etc..
As shown in Figure 1, provided in an embodiment of the present invention lay traffic information detection in regional highway network using detection device
Point method the following steps are included:
S101: being exactly using section as side, and to assign using vital points such as intersection, entrances as node to road network modeling
The corresponding weight in each section is given, establishes and assigns power road network topology structure chart；
S102: when carrying out detector layout to highway, using important intersection and cities and towns entrance as node to road network
Section carries out overall division for the first time, carries out second stroke to relevant road segments then in conjunction with section administration especially administrative division
Point, finally according to the requirement of the length in section and observation mileage, last segmentation road section length is carried out to the too long section in part and is not surpassed
Cross 15 kilometers；
S103: two selecting index node position importance, node institute link road segment number aspects carry out ten respectively
Grade, Pyatyi marking, pitch point importance value=position importance score value * 5+ node link road segment number score value；Section weight
cij=road administrative hierarchy score value+number of track-lines score value+road section length score value；Road administrative hierarchy score value is 10 score values；Number of track-lines
Score value is 5 score values；Road section length score value is 5 score values；
S104: it first to node according to importance sorting, then sorts to node relevant road segments according to weight size；According to section
The height of point different degree successively guarantees there is a video detector in section that each node is connected.
The method packet provided in an embodiment of the present invention for laying traffic information test point in regional highway network using detection device
Include following steps:
Step 1 obtains network of highways map and land used includes small towns population, GDP information along the line；
Step 2 determines highway node and section, satisfies the need network using important intersection and cities and towns entrance as node
Duan Jinhang is overall for the first time to be divided, and combining road administration especially administrative division carries out second to relevant road segments and divides, according to
The length in section and the requirement of observation mileage carry out last segmentation road section length to the too long section in part and are no more than 15 kilometers；
Step 3, calculate node different degree and section weight；Pitch point importance selecting index node position importance
(containing two villages and towns rank, category of roads aspects), two aspects of node institute link road segment number respectively beat by ten grades of progress, Pyatyi
Point, pitch point importance value=position importance score value * 5+ node link road segment number score value；Section weight cij=road row
Political affairs grade score value+number of track-lines score value+road section length score value；Road administrative hierarchy score value is 10 score values；Number of track-lines score value is 5 points
Value；Road section length score value is 5 score values；
Step 4 establishes highway network modeling, and using vital point as node, using section as side, and it is corresponding to assign each section
Weight is established and assigns power road network topology structure chart；
Step 5 first sorts to node according to different degree score value, then sorts to node relevant road segments according to weight size,
First lay video detector, method is successively guarantees to have in section that each node is connected according to the height of pitch point importance
Then one video detector lays line to other sections according to the size of the size of pitch point importance and its connection section weight
Enclose detector；
Step 6, one video of every laying or coil checker calculate one-time detection coverage rate, until all devices are uniformly distributed
If finishing or until coverage rate reaches expected coverage rate, to obtain layout scheme.Same available different coverage rate mesh
Detection device quantity needed for mark is lower or the coverage rate under certain amount detection device, to formulate layout scheme by stages.
The detection device includes:
Induction coil detector causes at the variation of electromagnetic induction to by coil or the vehicle being present on coil
It manages and reaches testing goal；The traffic parameter of acquisition includes: acquisition flow, occupation rate, speed；
Video detector, shooting and record for traffic condition identify traffic event information by video identification technology,
Obtain flow, occupation rate, speed, queue length, license plate.
Fixed detector common are following several, and retrievable parameter and advantage and disadvantage are as follows:
1 fixed detector technology comparison of table
For highway, most widely used also generally the least expensive is annular detection coil.And it is most visually to obtain information
It is then video detector.So combining acquisition enriched data using both equipment here, data branch is provided for traffic administration
Support.
Lower mask body introduces the working principle of both equipment.
(1) ring coil detector
Ring coil detector is most common wagon detector, is generally made of three parts: the annular as sensor
Coil, detection unit and feeder line.Road surface need to be cut when installation and is put into 3 circle left and right conducting wires, and coil dimension generally uses 2m*2m, so
Feeder line is drawn by conduit afterwards, detection unit is connected to by junction box.
Working principle is: detection unit leads to loop coil and feeder line constitutes an inductance-capacitance tuning circuit, electric current
When passing through loop coil, an electromagnetic field is formed in its attachment.When vehicle enters this magnetic field, whirlpool is induced in vehicle body metal
Galvanic electricity stream is to make magnetic field change, i.e., vehicle passes through or be parked in the inductance that can change coil on coil, and energizing circuit generates one
A output, to detect by or be parked in the vehicle on coil.So such detector not only can detecte the volume of traffic, but also can examine
Survey a variety of traffic parameters such as occupation rate and rough speed.If longitudinal parallel lay of two groups of coils is that twin coil is laid, also
Average speed, vehicle commander can be accurately calculated.
When vehicle forward position enters one side of loop coil, detector, which is triggered, generates signal output, and works as vehicle tail
When sailing out of loop coil another side, signal strength is lower than activation threshold value, output level zero.The arteries and veins that vehicle passing detection device generates
Signal is rushed after the disposal of gentle filter, forms square-wave signal output.One square-wave signal can indicate passing through for a vehicle；
The width ti of square-wave signal is the time that vehicle occupies detector.
(a) volume of traffic q=N/T
Wherein, q is the unit time volume of traffic；T is sampling time interval；N is the vehicle in sampling interval T by loop coil
Number, i.e., the umber of pulse of one loop coil.
(b) time occupancy:
Wherein, ti is using the time for being spaced i-th vehicle occupancy detector；T is sampling time interval；N is sampling interval T
The interior vehicle number by loop coil.
(c) the ground spot speed of i-th vehicle: vi=(L1+Li)/ti
Wherein, L1 is loop coil length；Li is the length of wagon of i-th vehicle.
But since the length of wagon of i-th vehicle is unknown, often calculated using average length of wagon, so, the meter of speed
It is inaccurate.
Coil Detector technology maturation is easy to grasp, counts very accurate, performance stabilization.The disadvantage is that traffic flow data is more single
One, installation process is very big on reliability and aging effects, repair or installation need to suspend traffic, influence pavement life, easily heavy
The damage such as vehicle, road surface repair.In addition high latitude thaw phase and low latitudes summer road surface and pavement quality it is bad place it is right
The maintenance workload of coil is bigger.But also have an improved coil checker, the speciality plastic catheter outside coil, reduce by
Environment, road surface breakage, extraneous important influence.
(2) video detecting device
Video detecting device is that one kind for being combined by television video video camera and computer mould Prosthetic Hand identification technology is new
Type detection technique.Video camera shoots lane vehicle, and the image taken is carried out digitlization storage with hardware, uses image
The mode of processing extracts necessary vehicle characteristic information to image preliminary treatment.According to characteristic information carry out vehicle flowrate, speed,
The traffic informations such as vehicle classification, occupation rate, queuing statistics；Reality also can be carried out for abnormal traffic stream information such as congestion, accident etc.
When monitor, this is that other detection techniques are not accomplished.With the rapid development of video detection technology, the essence detected using this technology
Degree and reliability pass through practical application and have obtained the highly recognition of domestic and international expert and users.
Its working principle is that passing through analysis video camera shooting by video camera and computer simulation human eye vision technology
Traffic image, virtual coil delimited in range of video, moving object, which enters detection zone, causes background gray scale to change,
To perceive the presence of moving target, realization the movement of the traffic targets such as vehicle, pedestrian is detected, is positioned, is identified and with
Track, and the traffic behavior of the movement of traffic target of detection, tracking and identification is analyzed and judged, to both complete various friendships
The acquisition of logical data information.
Common three kinds of Video Detection Algorithms have their own advantage and disadvantage:
(1) background subtraction: video camera is fixed, and algorithm is simply easily achieved, and in situation known to background, is capable of providing
Most complete characteristic, and can completely detect moving target.Since background modeling is to illumination, Changes in weather and burst
The external dynamics scene changes such as event are extremely sensitive, so undoubtedly will when context update cannot well adapt to scene change
Influence the detection of target.
(2) neighbor frame difference point-score: using fixed video camera, have to the moving object detection in dynamic change environment stronger
Adaptivity.Superiority is shown in terms of real-time, since two continuous frames time interval is short, is trembled by light variation, camera
Dynamic influence very little.But this method cannot extract all relevant feature pixels completely on the whole, and obtained background is not
It is pure background image, therefore testing result is not exactly accurate, and cavitation is also easy to produce inside movement entity, is unfavorable for further
Target analysis and identification.
(3) optical flow: the advantages of this method can also detect independent fortune under the premise of being existing for the camera motion
Moving-target.However, most of optical flow computation method is considerably complicated, operand is very big, and noiseproof feature is poor, unless there are special
Otherwise hardware supported is difficult to realize the real-time detection of moving-target.
The advantages of detection device, is installed and is easily serviced, can provide for Incident Management can without destroying road surface
Visible image can provide the detectable multilane of a large amount of traffic management informations, separate unit video camera and processor.Its shortcomings that be precision not
Height is easy to be influenced by environment, weather, illumination, chaff interferent etc., has certain difficulty to the detection and capture of high-speed mobile vehicle.Cause
For shooting high-speed mobile vehicle needs sufficiently fast shutter (at least 1/3000S), the pixel of enough numbers and good figure
As the support of detection algorithm, video detection can not often capture high-speed moving object due to being calculated.Usually suggest
Using background subtraction.
Application principle of the invention is further described combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1:
The overall of highway communication test point provided in an embodiment of the present invention lays principle are as follows:
(1) should to detect based on backbone, take into account road network structure and in the form of, reasonable layout equipment.
(2) Immediate And Long Term combines, the primary system plan, time phasing.The primary system plan refers to from consideration system at a specified future date, perform it is pre-buried,
It is reserved, pay attention to the scalability of system.Time phasing refers in the recent period mainly flow is big, equivalent aera is big, different degree is big, has generation
Equipment is installed on the section of table, after running a period of time, then is gradually extended.
(3) be conducive to the control of road network totality traffic condition.
(4) be conducive to estimate the traffic condition of other roads.Some representational sections are selected, and establish same
Relationship on road between adjacent segments estimates the traffic information without equipment section by the traffic information for having equipment section to obtain.
(5) be conducive to give full play to the effect of equipment.Limited set equipment is reasonably distributed in road network, them is allowed to obtain
Get traffic information as much as possible, i.e., coverage rate is maximum, or allows in device distribution to most representative section, to i.e. by cloth
If the section of equipment is wanted on-the-spot investigation and proved, unnecessary section and unreasonable section are excluded, avoids the letter of acquisition
Breath repeats, and causes the waste of resource, gives full play to the effect of equipment.
(6) the setting position of detector
The critical positions in section such as bridge tunnel, crossing inlet road upstream are set, near important entrance.
In addition, the laying of detection device is due to by road specifically when test point is laid in the section for needing test point to cover
Condition is affected, such as the problems such as power supply, administrative ownership, so specifically periodically to need synthesis actually to examine really in position
Consider, as the installation position of test point should be at 300-500 meters of interchange interwoven region or more, city entrance, Frequent Accidents
Test point etc. is preferably arranged in section and node.
Detector layout object module is solved on the basis of highway network structural model can be obtained detector layout side
Case.
(1) it models
The building of highway pessimistic concurrency control be carry out mathematical modeling analysis basis, to road network modeling be exactly with intersection,
The vital points such as entrance are node, using section as side, and assign each section corresponding weight, establish and assign power road network topology structure
Figure.
The method that the building of road network models can use graph theory.Figure in graph theory is the set of point v and side e, and point is
The object of side connection, while reflecting the relationship between a little.Figure be some objects of description and its between relationship model.
It is usually G=(V, E) by seal, wherein V represents the set of point, V={ vi}；E represents the set of directed edge, E=
{eij}.In practical problem, relationship the presence or absence of is not only indicated between two objects sometimes, also to analyze the quantity of relationship, this
Kind quantitative index related with side can assign different meanings, such as distance, time, expense according to the needs of practical problem
Deng referred to as weight.Given figure G=(V, E), for each side e in Gij, corresponding power is cij, then G is together with the power on side
Referred to as weighted graph.
It is exactly using section as side, and to assign each section corresponding weight using road junction as node, build to road network modeling
Vertical weighted graph.
Scheme the incidence matrix A=(a of G=(V, E)ij) it is following m*n matrix:
In formula: cij--- side eijWeight, it is related with category of roads, number of track-lines, road section length and flow；
viReij——viWith eijBetween there are incidence relations.
(2) determination of node and section
In distribution method, the determination of node and section division methods will have a direct impact on the validity of distribution method and lay knot
Fruit only carries out omission or repetition that reasonable section correlation analysis is just avoided that test point setting, plays detection device
Greatest benefit.
In various experience distribution methods, section, which divides, mainly administers segmentation using ready-made section, and in city road
In the distribution method on road, section, which divides, mainly carries out section division by node of intersection, and both methods does not all account for
Difference to highway section length leads to the gap for observing mileage and accuracy.
Comprehensively consider factors above, when carrying out detector layout to highway, important intersection and cities and towns entrance are made
For node satisfy the need network section carry out it is overall for the first time divide, then in conjunction with section administration especially administrative division to relevant road segments into
Row divides for the second time, finally according to the requirement of the length in section and observation mileage, carries out finally segmentation road to the too long section in part
Segment length is no more than 15 kilometers.Such division methods convenient for lay when model solution, and can guarantee implementation validity and
The accuracy of data.
(3) calculating of weight
Node ViPitch point importance DiIt is mainly reflected in the importance such as intersection or the adjacent grade in cities and towns of entrance.
Two selecting index node position importance, node institute link road segment number aspects carry out ten grades and give a mark with Pyatyi.
The different degree c in sectionijThe status function of major embodiment road and effect, administrative hierarchy, number of track-lines including road,
The factors such as size, the road section length of the volume of traffic.It is given a mark according to the Pyatyi that marking table carries out 10 points or 5 points systems to each factor.
Section weight cij=road administrative hierarchy score value+number of track-lines score value+road section length score value.
(4) algorithm
First to node according to importance sorting, then sort to node relevant road segments according to weight size.
Successively guarantee there is a video detector in section that each node is connected according to the height of pitch point importance.
Which section setting video detector that specific node is connected, then be ranked up, weight is big to be set according to section weight size
It is other then cloth is set as coil checker for video detector.
(5) model
All standing object module
There are two types of the laying targets of highway test point: reaching maximal cover rate, the entire road of covering with fixed test number of devices
The minimum number of devices needed when net.It is to obtain the minimum for covering entire road network and needing in the target laid to overall all standing
Number of devices, i.e. object module are as follows:
In formula: X --- detection points；
N --- node total number；
cij--- oriented section eijOn when having equipment, the weight or weight in the covered section of the equipment and.
When detector layout covering section weight reached all sections weight and when, just reached 100% and covered
Lid.At this point, being further added by equipment, overlay capacity will be invariable, needs minimum number of devices when available 100% covering accordingly
Arrangement.
The constraint condition and calculating process for the minimum target model built in view of front are complex, thus using it
Veneziano model comes model solution, object module are as follows:
In formula: Z --- overlay capacity, the controllable region of test point, i.e. test point can control section weight and；
N --- section sum；
cij--- oriented section eijOn when having equipment, the weight or weight in the covered section of the equipment and.
This model means Zero-one integer programming model, and operating to the incidence matrix of road net model can solve.From power
The maximum section of weight starts to lay, and often arranges a set of equipment, seeks a covering total amount, nets interior all roads when covering total amount is equal to
Section weight and when, just reached 100% covering.Wherein road is first considered in conjunction with the status function of road the considerations of specific weight
Administrative hierarchy, the length and number of track-lines in section are considered further that in the identical situation of grade, not use overall merit calculating method.
Meanwhile considering that the spacing of detector layout is no more than 15 kilometers when laying.
(6) coverage rate explanation
As shown in figure 3,4 exit ramps of totally 4 entrance driveway can one of side for 8 sections that node 2 connects
Detection device is not laid to section such as e12, opposite direction section e21 is laid into video detecting device.The section that node 3 is connected
It is similarly.
14 sections in road network lay 12 sets equipment can all standing, without 14 sets of equipment of laying.
(7) flow correlation analysis
Although the volume of traffic in each section due to shunting of the vehicle at each node and it is different, it is certain to close on
Flow affirmative between section is related.And since resident trip rule has certain identical property, so network of highways section
Upper magnitude of traffic flow variation has the characteristics that similar.So there is the similarity relationships of traffic parameter between certain basic roads,
Need to determine according to traffic flow analysis need in the region layouted between which section there is similitude, there are much degree
Similitude.
Differentiate the similarity degree between two substantially oriented section magnitudes of traffic flow, uses related coefficient
Description, whereinIn formula, X represents the volume of traffic number of section X
Group, Y represent the volume of traffic array of section Y.ρ (X, Y) represents the related coefficient between X, Y magnitude of traffic flow of section.And section X, Y
Data on flows must be same time phase corresponding data.
The calculating of related coefficient must have enough samples and support, if sample is very little, calculated phase relation
Number does not have representativeness.And do not illustrate that they have causality with correlativity between two groups of samples, so true
It has to be needed with caution with the data on flows of multiple groups different periods of history when the related coefficient in fixed two sections to this phase relation
Several stability are verified.
(8) principle is laid by stages
In order to which under existing equipment quantity and economic factor restrictive condition, greatest benefit makes full use of test point, in fact
Qingdao City's traffic information of highway network is now more fully obtained, the laying of time phasing automatic detection system is needed.It influences by stages
The element of solution formulation be it is various, be embodied in object module, flow correlations and comprehensive parameter etc. of layouting.
Fully consider the influence factor that layout scheme is formulated by stages, on the basis of analyzing link flow similitude, foundation
The weight in section, that is, different degree parameter (containing category of roads, number of track-lines, the volume of traffic, node degree etc.), uniformity index are (as averagely often
Highway the points of measurement, hundred kilometers of distance the points of measurement etc.) and data reliability factor (such as road section length, flowed fluctuation system
Number etc.) time phasing scheme is formulated, the acquisition section dynamic letter of as accurate as possible maximum magnitude under conditions of guaranteeing benefit
Breath.The main principle of the basis for selecting in test point section has the following:
(1) benefit is maximum.Unnecessary section and unreasonable section are excluded as far as possible, are avoided the information of acquisition from repeating, are made
The effect of equipment is given full play to using the relationship between adjacent segments at the waste of resource.
(2) emphasis is laid.Selection Important Sections and key node are laid, and the traffic condition of key road segment node is obtained
Information, to solve the key contradiction of highway communication operation.
(3) it is uniformly distributed.So that the section chosen is uniformly distributed in each counties and cities as far as possible, Loop detector layout is avoided excessively to concentrate.
(4) data are reliable.Points for investigation, which should be located at more stable traffic flow, flow and characteristic, can represent the friendship of some section section
The place of through-current capacity and characteristic.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method for laying traffic information test point in regional highway network using detection device, which is characterized in that the benefit
With detection device road network lay traffic information test point method the following steps are included:
Step 1 obtains network of highways map and land used includes small towns population, GDP information along the line；
Step 2 determines highway node and section, using important intersection and cities and towns entrance as node satisfy the need network section into
Row is overall for the first time to be divided, and combining road administration especially administrative division carries out second to relevant road segments and divides, according to section
Length and observation mileage requirement, the too long section in part is finally divided, road section length is no more than 15 kilometers；
Step 3, calculate node different degree and section weight；Pitch point importance selecting index node position importance contains township
Two town grade, two aspects of category of roads, node institute link road segment number aspects carry out ten grades, Pyatyi marking, node respectively
Importance value=position importance score value * 5+ node link road segment number score value；Section weight cij=road administrative hierarchy
Score value+number of track-lines score value+road section length score value；Road administrative hierarchy score value is 10 score values；Number of track-lines score value is 5 score values；Section
Length score value is 5 score values；
Step 4 establishes highway network modeling, using vital point as node, using section as side, and assigns each section corresponding weight,
It establishes and assigns power road network topology structure chart；
Step 5 first sorts to node according to different degree score value, then sorts to node relevant road segments according to weight size, first cloth
Setting video detector, method is successively guarantees there is one in section that each node is connected according to the height of pitch point importance
Then video detector lays coil inspection to other sections according to the size of pitch point importance and its size of connection section weight
Survey device；
Step 6, one video of every laying or coil checker calculate one-time detection coverage rate, until all devices have been laid
Finish or until coverage rate reaches expected coverage rate, to obtain layout scheme；Needed for being similarly obtained under different coverage rate targets
Coverage rate under detection device quantity or certain amount detection device, to formulate layout scheme by stages；
The method that the building of the road network models uses graph theory；Figure in graph theory is the set of point v and side e, and point is side connection
The object of system, while reflecting the relationship between a little；Figure be some objects of description and its between relationship model；
It is G=(V, E) by seal, wherein V represents the set of point, V={ vi}；The set of E representative edge, E={ eij}；Given figure G
=(V, E), for each directed edge e in Gij, corresponding power is cij, then G is known as weighted graph together with the power on side；
Using road junction as node, using all directions section as side, and each side i.e. corresponding weight in all directions section is assigned, established
Weighted graph；
Scheme the incidence matrix A=(a of G=(V, E)ij) it is following m*n matrix:
In formula: cij--- side eijWeight, it is related with category of roads, number of track-lines, road section length and flow；
viReij——viWith eijBetween there are incidence relations.
2. the method for laying traffic information test point in regional highway network using detection device as described in claim 1, special
Sign is which section setting video detector that specific node is connected then is ranked up according to section weight size, chooses
The carry out video detector laying of maximum weight；It is other then cloth is set as coil checker.
3. the method for laying traffic information test point in regional highway network using detection device as described in claim 1, special
Sign is, all standing object module for laying the method for traffic information test point in road network using detection device are as follows:
In formula: X --- detection points；
N --- node total number；
cij--- oriented section eijOn when having equipment, the weight or weight in the covered section of the equipment and；
When detector layout covering section weight reached all sections weight and when, just reach 100% covering.
4. the method for laying traffic information test point in regional highway network using detection device as described in claim 1, special
Sign is, described to differentiate two substantially oriented road section traffic volumes in the method that road network lays traffic information test point using detection device
Similarity degree between flow, uses related coefficientDescription, wherein In formula, X represents the volume of traffic array of section X, and Y represents the volume of traffic array of section Y；ρ(X,Y)
Represent the related coefficient between X, Y magnitude of traffic flow of section；And the data on flows of section X, Y must be the phases of same time phase
Corresponding data.
5. a kind of inspection for laying the method for traffic information test point in regional highway network using detection device as described in claim 1
Measurement equipment, which is characterized in that the detection device includes:
Induction coil detector causes the variation of electromagnetic induction to handle to by coil or the vehicle being present on coil
Reach testing goal；The traffic parameter of acquisition includes: acquisition flow, occupation rate, speed；
Video detector, shooting and record for traffic condition identify traffic event information by video identification technology, obtain
Flow, occupation rate, speed, queue length, license plate.
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