CN106604212B - Mesh networking method based on BLE attribute and GATT - Google Patents
Mesh networking method based on BLE attribute and GATT Download PDFInfo
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- CN106604212B CN106604212B CN201611189929.9A CN201611189929A CN106604212B CN 106604212 B CN106604212 B CN 106604212B CN 201611189929 A CN201611189929 A CN 201611189929A CN 106604212 B CN106604212 B CN 106604212B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
- H04W16/18—Network planning tools
- H04W16/20—Network planning tools for indoor coverage or short range network deployment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/80—Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/24—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mesh networking method based on BLE attribute and GATT, comprising a plurality of BLE devices, wherein the BLE devices comprise GATT, mesh service is added in a mode of adding a mesh layer on the GATT, the mesh service accords with GATT protocol rules, and the mesh networking method comprises the following steps: starting networking; constructing a primary path; constructing a secondary path; and finishing networking. The invention can directly access the existing BLE equipment into the mesh network without any setting and change, realizes the mesh network of BLE, enables the equipment beyond the radio frequency distance of Bluetooth to realize communication interaction in a relay mode of other Bluetooth equipment, and enables a user to simultaneously control a large number of BLE equipment through one access point through the mesh network.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a mesh networking method based on BLE attribute and GATT.
Background
Ble (bluetooth low energy) defines a gatt (generic attribute profile) protocol, and realizes control and data transmission between direct connection bluetooth devices by means of client (client) discovery, configuration and various attributes (attributes) of a read-write server (server).
BLE is bluetooth 4.0 in 2010, and the latest version is bluetooth 4.2 in 12 months 2014. At present, a large number of peripheral devices such as a bracelet, a watch, a pedometer, an anti-lost device and an intelligent home with a BLE built in are arranged in the market, and all basic smart phones are configured with Bluetooth. The user can directly utilize the BLE-supporting handheld device to interact with the Bluetooth peripherals through the GATT protocol, but the BLE protocol in the prior art does not support the mesh network.
The above-mentioned drawbacks are worth solving.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a mesh networking method based on BLE attribute and GATT.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a mesh networking method based on BLE attributes and GATT is characterized by comprising a plurality of BLE devices, wherein the BLE devices comprise the GATT, mesh service is added in a mode of adding a mesh layer on the GATT, and the mesh service accords with GATT protocol rules.
Further, the method comprises the following steps:
a. and (3) starting networking: the method comprises the steps that the network-accessing equipment is started and enters a connectable mode, broadcasting is periodically sent, a user selects a certain BLE equipment with a mesh protocol stack as a mesh networking root node through keys, a touch screen and a command man-machine interaction, networking is initiated, and other equipment id and PIN code network authentication parameters are input and recorded at the root node through the keys, the touch screen, the command and a two-dimensional code mode;
b. constructing a primary path: the root node scans nearby BLE equipment, selects a plurality of neighbor BLE equipment, preferentially selects equipment which is not added into the network and is provided with a mesh protocol stack, binds authentication according to authentication parameters, establishes GATT connection, and records the GATT connection as a next-level routing node in a routing table;
c. constructing a secondary path: recording the mesh equipment newly added into the network as a level 1, scanning and connecting a next-level routing node, simultaneously recording and uploading a routing table to the next-level routing node, and recording BLE equipment without a mesh protocol as leaf nodes by the routing node;
d. networking is completed: and c, recursing until all the connectable devices nearby join the mesh network.
Further, the entry in the routing table includes an address, a gateway, a default gateway, and a rank value, the previous node of the routing node is the default gateway, other neighboring nodes are ordinary gateways, and node routing information reported by the neighboring nodes is recorded as the ordinary gateway.
Further, the route selection mode is to query a destination address from the routing table, if the destination address exists, the gateway to which the destination address belongs is selected as a relay address, and if the destination address does not exist, the destination address is forwarded to a default route, that is, the destination address is forwarded to the upper-level node.
Further, when the mesh network adds new equipment, the routing node scans the new equipment and establishes connection authentication with the new equipment successfully, and then adds the new equipment to the routing table and reports the path; when the mesh network deletes the equipment, the routing node detects that the neighbor node is unavailable, the routing node deletes the routing information of the neighbor node, the routing node is used as the routing information of other nodes of the gateway, if the node is the default gateway, the downlink network of the node is dispersed, and the route is reconstructed and added into the mesh.
Further, the BLE mesh data processing flow comprises data writing, data reading and data reading returning.
Further, the step of writing data is as follows:
a. a request to write data;
b. judging whether the destination address is self or not, if so, writing the target service data; if not, continuing to move downwards;
c. judging whether the destination address is directly adjacent, if so, writing target service data into the adjacent; if not, continuing to move downwards;
d. routing a next-stage relay node;
e. writing mesh forwarding service data into the relay node;
f. the writing of the data is completed.
Further, the step of reading the data is as follows:
a. a data reading request;
b. judging whether the destination address is self or not, if so, reading the target service data; if not, continuing to move downwards;
c. judging whether the destination address is directly adjacent, if so, reading target service data from the adjacent; if not, continuing to move downwards;
d. routing a next-stage relay node;
e. writing read data parameters into the relay node;
f. receiving a read data return result of the relay node;
g. the read data is complete.
Further, the read data return step is as follows:
a. returning read data;
b. judging whether the request comes from the mesh service, if not, returning the result to the application layer; if yes, continuing to move downwards;
c. the next-stage relay node of the route selection request source;
d. writing read data return parameters into the relay node;
e. the read data is complete.
The invention according to the scheme has the advantages that the existing BLE equipment can be directly accessed into the mesh network without any setting and change, the BLE mesh network is realized, the equipment beyond the Bluetooth radio frequency distance can realize communication interaction in a relay mode of other Bluetooth equipment, and a user can simultaneously control a large number of BLE equipment through one access point through the mesh network.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention;
figure 2 is a framework diagram of BLE mesh primary services of the present invention;
figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a data writing flow in BLE mesh data processing according to the present invention;
figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a data reading flow in BLE mesh data processing according to the present invention;
figure 5 is a schematic view of a read data return flow in BLE mesh data processing according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the open networking of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a primary path of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a two-level path according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the networking completion of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments:
as shown in fig. 1-5, a mesh networking method based on BLE attributes and GATT includes a plurality of BLE devices, where a BLE device includes a GATT, and a mesh service is added in a manner of adding a mesh layer on the GATT, and the mesh service conforms to GATT protocol rules. Therefore, for the remote device, the mesh device and the ordinary BLE device have no other difference except for the additional mesh service function, so that the compatibility of the device is ensured.
According to the invention, a BLE intelligent terminal requests data service of a remote BLE sensor through a mesh network proxy, wherein the mesh network is composed of a plurality of BLE devices with mesh protocols, the devices are also data service providing devices, but all devices capable of accessing the mesh network are not required to support the mesh protocols. Therefore, in an application scene with a plurality of BLE devices, only one part of the BLE devices supports the mesh protocol, and all the BLE devices can be accessed into the mesh network.
The BLE mesh application interface comprises:
public BLEmeshInterface{
void init(param)；
void broadcast(data)；
addrList* neighborList()；
svc* serviceFind(addr)；
int serviceRead(addr,svcUuid,charaUuid,param,data)；
int serviceWrite(addr,svcUuid,charaUuid,data)；
}；
init initializes mesh network;
broadcast is used for data broadcast;
the neighbor list is used for obtaining neighbor equipment information of the mesh network;
the serviceFind is used for obtaining the GATT service function of the remote equipment;
the serviceRead reads service data and can perform operations such as data acquisition;
the serviceWrite writes service data, and can perform operations such as parameter configuration.
The BLE MESH SERVICE comprises MESH _ WRITE, MESH _ READ _ REQ, MESH _ READ _ RSP, MESH _ SERVICE _ FIND, MESH _ ROUTINE _ REPORT, MESH _ BROADCAST and MESH _ PING;
MESH _ WRITE: writing data through a mesh network;
MESH _ READ _ REQ: the data can be read and written, and the parameters of the data are read through a mesh network;
MESH _ READ _ RSP: the data can be read and written, and the data is read through a mesh network to return a result;
MESH _ SERVICE _ FIND: the device can be read and written, and service discovery is initiated to the non-direct-connected device through the mesh network;
MESH _ ROUTINE _ REPOR: writable, for mesh network maintenance;
MESH _ BROADCAST: writable, broadcast data;
MESH _ PING: readable, network connection testing.
The BLE mesh data processing flow comprises data writing, data reading and data reading returning.
When receiving read-write request service, the mesh protocol firstly judges whether the destination address is a direct neighbor of the destination address, and if so, the mesh protocol is used as a GATT client to directly carry out data read-write request to the corresponding service attribute of the GATT server of the target equipment according to the interaction mode of the common BLE equipment. If not, the next-level relay node is addressed through the mesh route, and the read-write request is used as a parameter and sent to the corresponding mesh service attribute. After receiving the mesh service request, the relay node recurses the previous addressing process until the destination address of the service request is the direct neighbor or the routing fails, thereby completing a complete data transmission process. The steps of writing data are as follows:
a. a request to write data;
b. judging whether the destination address is self or not, if so, writing the target service data; if not, continuing to move downwards;
c. judging whether the destination address is directly adjacent, if so, writing target service data into the adjacent; if not, continuing to move downwards;
d. routing a next-stage relay node;
e. writing MESH forwarding service data (MESH _ WRITE) into the relay node;
f. the writing of the data is completed.
The steps of reading data are as follows:
a. a data reading request;
b. judging whether the destination address is self or not, if so, reading the target service data; if not, continuing to move downwards;
c. judging whether the destination address is directly adjacent, if so, reading target service data from the adjacent; if not, continuing to move downwards;
d. routing a next-stage relay node;
e. writing a READ data parameter (MESH _ READ _ REQ) into the relay node;
f. receiving a READ data return result (MESH _ READ _ RSP) of the relay node;
g. the read data is complete.
The read data return steps are as follows:
a. returning read data;
b. judging whether the request comes from the mesh service, if not, returning the result to the application layer; if yes, continuing to move downwards;
c. the next-stage relay node of the route selection request source;
d. writing a READ data return parameter (MESH _ READ _ RSP) into the relay node;
e. the read data is complete.
As shown in fig. 6-9, the specific steps of the present invention are as follows:
1. the network access equipment is started and enters a connectable mode, and broadcasts are periodically sent. A user selects a BLE device with a mesh protocol stack as a mesh networking root node to initiate networking through man-machine interaction such as key pressing, touch screen and command, and network authentication parameters such as other device id and PIN code are input and recorded in the root node through the modes such as key pressing, touch screen, command and two-dimensional code.
2. And scanning nearby BLE equipment by the root node, selecting a plurality of neighbor BLE equipment, preferentially selecting equipment which is not added into the network and is provided with a mesh protocol stack, binding authentication according to authentication parameters, establishing GATT connection, and recording the GATT connection as a next-level routing node in a routing table.
3. And recording the mesh equipment newly added into the network as a level 1, scanning and connecting a next-level routing node, simultaneously recording and uploading a routing table to the previous-level node, and recording the BLE equipment without the mesh protocol as leaf nodes by the mesh node.
4. Recursion step 3 until all connectable devices in the vicinity have joined the mesh network.
The storage mode of the routing table of the invention is as follows: the record items in the routing table comprise addresses and gateways, the upper-level node of the mesh node is a default gateway, other neighbor nodes are ordinary gateways, and node routing information reported by the neighbor nodes is recorded into the gateway. The routing table information of the node B is as follows:
| address | Gateway | Default gateway | Rank value | Length of road force | |
| A | A | A | 0 | 0 | |
| | C | A | 1 | 1 | |
| | D | A | 2 | 1 | |
| | E | A | 2 | 1 | |
| F | E | A | 3 | 2 | |
| G | E | A | 3 | 2 |
The routing mode of the invention is as follows: inquiring a destination address from the routing table, if the destination address exists, selecting the gateway to which the destination address belongs as a relay address, and if the destination address does not exist, forwarding the destination address to a default route (a node at the upper level), for example: the routing node B directly sends the data to the common node C to transmit the data to the common node C through the routing node B; and transmitting data to the common node G through the routing node B, and selecting the gateway E as a relay node for forwarding.
The network updating mode of the invention is as follows: when the mesh network adds new equipment, the routing node scans the new equipment and establishes connection authentication with the new equipment successfully, and then adds the new equipment to a routing table and reports a path; when the mesh network deletes the equipment, the routing node detects that the neighbor node is unavailable, then deletes the routing information of the neighbor node and other node routing information taking the neighbor node as a gateway, if the node is a default gateway, the node is disassembled from the downlink network, and a route is reconstructed and added into the mesh network.
According to the invention, the existing BLE equipment can be directly accessed into the mesh network without any setting and change, so that the mesh network of BLE is realized, the equipment beyond the Bluetooth radio frequency distance can realize communication interaction in a relay mode of other Bluetooth equipment, and through the mesh network, a user can simultaneously control a large number of BLE equipment through one access point, and the number of the BLE equipment is controlled to be theoretically more than 10000.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
The invention is described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative, and it is obvious that the implementation of the invention is not limited in the above manner, and it is within the scope of the invention to adopt various modifications of the inventive method concept and technical solution, or to apply the inventive concept and technical solution to other fields without modification.
Claims (8)
1. A mesh networking method of a wireless mesh based on a low-power-consumption Bluetooth BLE attribute and a generic attribute protocol GATT is characterized by comprising a plurality of BLE devices, wherein one part of the BLE devices comprise a GATT, a mesh service is added in a mode of adding a mesh layer on the GATT, and the mesh service accords with the rule of the GATT protocol; the method comprises the following steps:
a. and (3) starting networking: the method comprises the steps that the network-accessing equipment is started and enters a connectable mode, broadcasting is periodically sent, a user selects a BLE equipment with a mesh protocol stack as a mesh networking root node through keys, a touch screen and a command man-machine interaction mode, networking is initiated, and other equipment identity identification numbers (IDs) and personal identification codes (PIN) network authentication parameters are input and recorded in the root node through keys, the touch screen, the command and a two-dimensional code mode;
b. constructing a primary path: the root node scans nearby BLE equipment, selects a plurality of neighbor BLE equipment, preferentially selects equipment which is not added into the network and is provided with a mesh protocol stack, binds authentication according to authentication parameters, establishes GATT connection, and records the GATT connection as a next-level routing node in a routing table;
c. constructing a secondary path: recording the mesh equipment newly added into the network as a level 1, scanning and connecting a next-level routing node, simultaneously recording and uploading a routing table to the next-level routing node, and recording BLE equipment without a mesh protocol as leaf nodes by the routing node;
d. networking is completed: and c, recursing until all the connectable devices nearby join the mesh network.
2. The mesh networking method according to claim 1, wherein the entries in the routing table include addresses, gateways, default gateways, and rank values, the node at the upper level of the routing node is the default gateway, other neighboring nodes are normal gateways, and the node routing information reported by the neighboring nodes is recorded as a normal gateway.
3. The mesh networking method according to claim 1, wherein the routing is selected by querying a destination address from a routing table, and if the destination address exists, the gateway to which the routing belongs is selected as a relay address, and if the destination address does not exist, the routing is forwarded to a default route, that is, to a node at the previous stage.
4. The mesh networking method based on BLE attribute and GATT according to claim 1, wherein when a new device is added to the mesh network, the routing node scans the new device and establishes connection authentication with the new device successfully, and then adds the new device to a routing table and reports the path; when the mesh network deletes the equipment, the routing node detects that the neighbor node is unavailable, the routing node deletes the routing information of the neighbor node, the routing node is used as the routing information of other nodes of the gateway, if the node is the default gateway, the downlink network of the node is dispersed, and the route is reconstructed and added into the mesh.
5. The mesh networking method based on BLE attribute and GATT of claim 1, wherein BLE mesh data processing flow comprises write data, read data and read data return.
6. The mesh networking method based on BLE attribute and GATT according to claim 5, wherein the step of writing data is as follows:
a. a request to write data;
b. judging whether the destination address is self or not, if so, writing the target service data; if not, continuing to move downwards;
c. judging whether the destination address is directly adjacent, if so, writing target service data into the adjacent; if not, continuing to move downwards;
d. routing a next-stage relay node;
e. writing mesh forwarding service data into the relay node;
f. the writing of the data is completed.
7. The mesh networking method based on BLE attribute and GATT according to claim 5, wherein the step of reading data is as follows:
a. a data reading request;
b. judging whether the destination address is self or not, if so, reading the target service data; if not, continuing to move downwards;
c. judging whether the destination address is directly adjacent, if so, reading target service data from the adjacent; if not, continuing to move downwards;
d. routing a next-stage relay node;
e. writing read data parameters into the relay node;
f. receiving a read data return result of the relay node;
g. the read data is complete.
8. The mesh networking method based on BLE attribute and GATT of claim 5, wherein the step of reading data return is as follows:
a. returning read data;
b. judging whether the request comes from the mesh service, if not, returning the result to the application layer; if yes, continuing to move downwards;
c. the next-stage relay node of the route selection request source;
d. writing read data return parameters into the relay node;
e. the read data is complete.
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