CN106603192A - Adaptive FEC mechanism based on media content - Google Patents
Adaptive FEC mechanism based on media content Download PDFInfo
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- CN106603192A CN106603192A CN201510673091.XA CN201510673091A CN106603192A CN 106603192 A CN106603192 A CN 106603192A CN 201510673091 A CN201510673091 A CN 201510673091A CN 106603192 A CN106603192 A CN 106603192A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0041—Arrangements at the transmitter end
- H04L1/0042—Encoding specially adapted to other signal generation operation, e.g. in order to reduce transmit distortions, jitter, or to improve signal shape
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
- H04L1/0009—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the channel coding
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Detection And Prevention Of Errors In Transmission (AREA)
- Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)
- Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides an adaptive FEC (Forward Error Correction) mechanism based on the media content. The mechanism classifies the media content and gives different significances, and the mechanism dynamically regulate the degrees of importance of frames included in the media data and the corresponding encoding schemes according to the current channel state in the condition without performing shunt of the current media data stream and transmits a data packet to a corresponding FEC encoder to perform protection with different degrees and finally encode one source data flow to an FEC code stream. The adaptive FEC mechanism based on the media content reduces the great data bulk caused by the FEC while ensuring the quality of the media content to the utmost extent; the adaptive FEC mechanism based on the media content does not need the shunt of the source data stream to reduce the complexity of the FEC encoding of a sending terminal and improve the efficiency of the FEC encoding; one source data stream only can encode and generate one FEC code stream so as to greatly reduce the increasing of the data bulk caused by the FEC encoding; and the adaptive FEC mechanism based on the media content can dynamically regulate the encoding scheme according to the changing of the current network state so as to has higher adaptability for the time varying network.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to multimedia transport technology field, more particularly, to a kind of self adaptation based on media content
FEC (forward error correction) mechanism.
Background technology
In heterogeneous network media service system, content is distributed to terminal, the Internet by Internet Protocol or Radio Broadcasting Agreementss
Used in IP/TCP or UDP messages carry out transmission media data, broadcast by MPEG2-TS come transferring content.UDP
Message loses in the Ke energy Hui Chu Xian Lost after multiple network equipments, and broadcast TS streams are probably due to the impact of transmission environment, produces
Raw error code, so as to cause, the picture of end side is damaged or sound pauses.
FEC (Forward Error Correction, forward error correction) technology is a kind of coding being widely used in communication system
Technology.Error Correction of Coding is carried out to media data by server side, adds redundancy to send in the lump, end side is carried out instead
The message lost to fec decoder ， Dui Lost recovers.By taking typical block code as an example, its ultimate principle is：Sending
End, by being encoded kbit information as a packet, adds the redundancy check information of (n-k) bit, composition length
Spend for the code word of n bit.Code word is reached after receiving terminal, if mistake is within the scope of it can entangle, by translating through channel
Code can check and correct wrong bit, so as to resist the interference of channel strip, effectively reduce the bit error rate of system, improve
The reliability of communication system.
But FEC process, is the bit error rate that system is reduced with redundancy overhead cost, excessive FEC codings are real-time to system
Property and network state will also result in pressure.
In ISO-23008-1/10/13 standards, traditional FEC structures are encoded for all information unifications, for
User profile does not have discrimination.Be not suitable for for distributing under mixing content or hybrid network, therefore they propose two-layer
Structure.Double-layer structure, as shown in Figure 1.
Ground floor does respectively FEC protections by source packet block point for more fritter, and the second layer is a monoblock
Do FEC protections.Ground floor divide it is more careful less time delay can be provided, the second layer ensure that restorability and less
Redundancy.
For mixing content transmission, its content may be divided into timed and non-timed, therefore can be tied using this two-layer
Structure.Sequential content mode 1, it is ensured that time delay, non-sequential content is simultaneously by mode 1 and mode 2, it is ensured that accurate
True property.
For user is in different performance channel, the good user of channel performance only needs to FEC1 and ensures time delay and power consumption, right
FEC1 is in the user of channel performance difference simultaneously and FEC2 ensure that accuracy.
This to a certain extent solve problem, the user (GroupB) poor for channel performance, double-layer structure is certain
Restorability is improve, but great time delay can be introduced.For the preferable user of channel performance (GroupA), differ
Surely it is to be FEC1, less subpackage brings less time delay.The significance level such as or not information is not accounted for.For information
Or user will be classified according to double-layer structure, and for the specific strategy that big block is split as little blcok is
The problem of one complexity.
The content of the invention
For defect of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of adaptive FEC based on media content
Mechanism, so as to solve current FEC systems in real-time it is good, and accuracy is poor, and accuracy is good and poor real, and mistake
The data congestion problem that degree FEC codings are caused.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is employed the following technical solutions：
A kind of adaptive FEC mechanism based on media content, the mechanism is classified media content, and gives difference
Importance, in the case where not shunting to original media data flow, according to current channel conditions, dynamic adjustment matchmaker
The significance level of the frame included in volume data bag and corresponding encoding scheme, are sent to corresponding FEC and compile packet
Code device, carries out different degrees of protection, and a final source traffic can only be encoded as a FEC code stream.
Further, methods described adds not equal difference in the signaling information together transmitted with media processing units (MPU)
Error protection flag bit.
Further, methods described adds special indication field, can do the protection scheme of more personalizations.More enter one
Step, the special indication field is added in before MFU packet header.
Further, methods described is classified media content, and gives different importances, then using signaling and
Indication field is controlled, and is encoded using different FEC encoding strengths.
Further, methods described can dynamically change encoding scheme according to current network conditions, there is provided adaptive guarantor
Shield intensity.
Further, methods described adds not equal difference in the signaling information together transmitted with media processing units (MPU)
Error protection flag bit, while special indication field is added, to form the protection scheme of more personalizations.
More preferably, methods described is classified media content, and gives different importances, then using signaling and is referred to
Show field control, encoded using different FEC encoding strengths.
Further, methods described is directed to MMT AL-FEC transmitting terminal frameworks, and transmitting terminal flow process is：
A) server end generates MMTP streams and signaling according to media resource；
B) according to the difference of the importance in MMT streams per frame data, MMT bags are delivered to FEC encoder, it is right
Different priority, carries out FEC codings to MMT bags and generates corresponding FEC code using different FEC encoder matrixs；
C) FEC code of formation after FEC codings will be carried out in upper step to the MMT bags of the different priorities of same data flow
Carry out integrating and generate a FEC code stream；
D) after FEC has been encoded, corresponding character and the FEC data payloads mark of repairing is returned with former data payload mark；
E) all of reparation character is packaged into FEC and repairs bag, is sent to transport layer.
Further, the present invention recognizes the FEC coding structures and FEC code of FEC streams and employing by signaling, is
This mechanism of support, have modified the fec_flow_descriptor fields in signaling：It is existing in AL-FEC message
Three kinds of fec_coding_structure on the basis of increased a kind of new fec_coding_structure,
The function of fec_coding_structure be for describing currently employed FEC encoding schemes, including the encryption algorithm of selection,
Privately owned encoding scheme, the information such as the guard time window time of maximum and value, the field is whether adopted to be located at AL-FEC signalings
In be sent to receiving terminal；Model of the value of the flag bit of the fec_coding_structure for newly increasing in existing reserved
Enclose interior selection；
Signaling originally only supports the restoration information that multiple media resources are multiplexed in a FEC streams, and one kind is increased now
For the different importance parts of a media resource, the signaling control of FEC is carried out respectively, enable FEC mechanism more
Plus refine, service end can dynamically adjust the FEC intensity of media resource different piece according to user network state,
An equilibrium point is obtained between the network bandwidth and Consumer's Experience.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect：
Technical scheme is employed, can be directed in current FEC systems and excessively be encoded the data congestion for causing,
By to media content ratings, giving different importances, controlled using signaling and indicating bit, using different FEC
Encoding strength；While realizing ensureing media content quality to greatest extent, the great data volume that FEC is caused is reduced；
Due to shunting to source traffic, therefore the complexity that transmitting terminal FEC is encoded is reduced, improve FEC
The efficiency of coding；Due to can only encode one FEC code stream of generation to a source traffic, therefore can be significantly reduced
Because of the increase of the data volume that FEC coding-belts come；Simultaneously because can dynamically be adjusted according to the change of current network state
Encoding scheme, therefore there is higher adaptability to time-varying network.
Description of the drawings
By reading the detailed description made to non-limiting example with reference to the following drawings, other of the present invention are special
Levy, objects and advantages will become more apparent upon：
Fig. 1 is for the FEC double-layer structures of media resource in MMT；
Fig. 2 a- Fig. 2 b are each frame dependence graphs in an image sets；
Fig. 3 is the importance schematic diagram of a general MPU ingredient and each several part；
Fig. 4 is improved MMT AL-FEC transmitting terminal Organization Charts.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following examples will be helpful to those skilled in the art
Member further understands the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the common skill to this area
For art personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some deformations and improvement can also be made.These are belonged to
Protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1：For the FEC double-layer structures of media resource in MMT, ground floor is by source packet block
It is divided into more fritter and does FEC protections respectively, the second layer is that a monoblock does FEC protections.It is more careful that ground floor is divided
Less time delay can be provided, the second layer ensure that restorability and less redundancy, but this motility is inadequate.
As shown in Fig. 2 a- Fig. 2 b：Each frame dependence in one image sets, this figure illustrates different frame in an image sets
Degree of dependence is different with importance, and I frames are most important, and P frames above are more important than P frames below, and B frames importance is most
It is low, therefore layering FEC can be carried out according to importance difference.This is also the basis for carrying out FEC.
Embodiment one：
The present embodiment is by taking MMT host-host protocols as an example
In MMT schemes, the MFU bags under MPU bags possess different importances, lack the protection of unequal error, this
Sample cannot setting individual transmission plan.In the bag of MMT, the frame (such as I frames and B frames) of different significance levels
Can be (the having Warning Mark) that distinguish such as accompanying drawing 2a- Fig. 2 b, accompanying drawing 3.But be not related to not in coding
Etc. the protection of mistake, although Two-stage organization plans and LA-FEC can realize that to a certain extent unequal error is protected
Shield, but motility is low, and complexity is high.Particularly with change channel conditions with different characteristic (as caching it is different)
Receive user, existing two ways can have that redundancy is big, and bad adaptability can only be directed to single situation, it is impossible to from user
The problems such as experience considers.
Settling mode：
1 according to the bag for belonging to different significance level frames, and its significance level has been distinguished, in combination with channel conditions and user
Experience sense is received, adaptive change encoding scheme.For example when channel conditions are very poor or user's storage capacity is limited,
Transmitting terminal will be protected more for I frame data so that user receives I frames with bigger probability, and B frames and P frames will
Greatly receive when give up, be so no longer to give up B in the follow-up process of receiving terminal, P frames, but from send out
Sending end just solves this problem, saves bandwidth resources, it is possible to use the more important frames of protection of resources.And in time-varying
In channel, can be according to the adaptive change FEC encoding schemes of the change of current network conditions, such as if there is net
The situation that network situation deteriorates, can change the encoder matrix of FEC codings by changing FEC seed, increase transmission number
According to protection intensity.
If 2 are added without special indication field, then can only be encoded according to existing situation, unequal error protection is only
Can arrange according to the significance level of affiliated frame.Unequal error protection flag bit is added in the signaling with MPU with transmission.
3 but if it is desired to more personalized scheme, as channel quality changes protection scheme, customizes according to user characteristicses,
So then need to add special indication field.Because different MFU has different importances, then in MFU packet header
It is front to add instruction, the protection schemes of more personalizations can be done.
As shown in figure 4, being improved MMT AL-FEC transmitting terminal frameworks, mainly have modified in MMT agreements and fluidize
Output afterwards, MMT packets are sent to FEC encoder according to priority carries out respectively FEC codings, according to MMT
The priority of bag is different, selects different encoder matrixs, and each priority is generated after FEC encoder process
FEC code be integrated into a FEC code stream.
Transmitting terminal framework is as shown in Figure 4.
Transmitting terminal flow process：
A) server end generates MMTP streams and signaling according to media resource.
B) according to the difference of the importance in MMT streams per frame data, MMT bags are delivered to FEC encoder,
To different priority, FEC codings are carried out to MMT bags using different FEC encoder matrixs and is generated
Corresponding FEC code.
C) what is formed after FEC codings will be carried out to the MMT bags of the different priorities of same data flow in upper step
FEC code is carried out integrating and generates a FEC code stream.
D) after FEC has been encoded, corresponding reparation character and FEC data payloads mark and former data payload are returned
Mark.
E) all of reparation character is packaged into FEC and repairs bag, is sent to transport layer.
The FEC coding structures and FEC code of FEC streams and employing are recognized by signaling, in order to support this mechanism,
The fec_flow_descriptor fields in signaling are have modified in the present embodiment.
Table 1:The explanation of fec_coding_structure
Signaling originally only supports the restoration information that multiple media resources are multiplexed in a FEC streams, and the present embodiment increases new
Fec_coding_structure, the function of fec_coding_structure is for describing currently employed FEC coding staffs
The information such as case, including the encryption algorithm of selection, if using privately owned encoding scheme, maximum guard time window time and value,
The field is located in AL-FEC signalings and is sent to receiving terminal.The flag bit of the fec_coding_structure for newly increasing
Value can be selected in the range of existing reserved, and suggestion in this programme is chosen for 0110.
Field semantics in table are as follows：
seed：Random seed, is as the initial condition for producing pseudo random number, for producing pseudo-random sequence to construct FEC
The generator matrix and check matrix of coding.The selection of seed has a many algorithms, conventional as obtained the current time in system, obtains
Take the methods such as current process ID.
num_of_priority_for_mmtps：The number of priority in one media resource.
priority_mapping：Priority mapping, for indicating media resource in different pieces of information bag and resource prioritization reflect
Penetrate relation.
private_fec_flag：Indicating bit, indicates whether to use privately owned FEC encoding schemes.
private_flag：Indicating bit, indicates whether to there is a private_field for describing the privately owned FEC for being used
Encoding scheme.
private_field_length：Length field, for describing the length of the field of privately owned FEC encoding schemes.
private_field：For describing the details of privately owned FEC schemes.
priority_id：Priority id, for indicating the priority of MMT bags.
fec_code_id_for_repair_flow：For describing used FEC encoding schemes.
repair_flow_id：8 integers, for the FEC repair flow for indicating to generate, the bag with FEC repair bags
Packet id in head have corresponding relation.
maximum_k_for_repair_flow：24 integers, are described in source in a source sysmbol block
The maximum number of symbol.
maximum_p_for_repair_flow：24 integers, are described in repair in a repair sysmbol block
The maximum number of symbol.
protection_window_time：Protection the window time, indicate FEC coding in send first source or
Repair bags and the maximum time difference between last source or repair bag is sent, unit is millisecond.
protection_window_size：Protection window values, indicate to send bearing for first FEC bag in FEC encoding streams
Carry and send the maximum count value between last FEC bags load.
Amended signaling is directed to the different importance parts of a media resource, using different encoder matrixs respectively to not
Same priority carries out the coding-control of FEC, for a media data flow finally only generates a FEC code stream, makes
FEC mechanism can be refined more, while reducing because the network traffics that excessive FEC coding-belts come increase, using the program
Service end can dynamically adjust the FEC intensity of media resource different piece according to user network state, and receiving end receives letter
After order, the priority of seed and each resource bag can be therefrom parsed, generating check matrix according to seed carries out FEC
Decoding recovers media resource.An equilibrium point is obtained between the network bandwidth and Consumer's Experience.
The advantage of above-mentioned settling mode：
The saving of 1 resource, if in receiving terminal, artificial according to circumstances gives up received frame (such as B frames) then
The waste of transfer resource is caused, such scheme makes undesired bag more general in transmitting procedure from source solve problem
Rate is lost, and greatly protects important bag.
The transmission plan of 2 personalizations.Transmission of video should, based on Consumer's Experience, do finer unequal error protection
The degree of the FEC protections of the design I frames such as user's situation, such as visual experience, cache condition and B frames can be just directed to.
3 can be carried out according to the mode of the adaptive change FEC codings of current network conditions in the data to different priorities
On the basis of the FEC protections of varying strength, in the case of deteriorating packet loss increase if there is network condition, can be adaptive
The seed of the adjustment FEC for answering, changes the generator matrix of FEC, increases FEC intensity to resist the shadow that network impairment is brought
Ring.
Existing AL-FEC schemes only support that the MMT bags to different priority generate different FEC in 4MMT
Code stream, the scheme that this programme is proposed is supported to only generate a FEC code stream to a media resource data stream, can be very big
The flows that bring of reduction FEC increase, reduce network pressure.
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited in
Particular implementation is stated, those skilled in the art can within the scope of the claims make various modifications or modification,
This has no effect on the flesh and blood of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of adaptive FEC mechanism based on media content, it is characterised in that the mechanism carries out media content
Classification, and different importances are given, in the case where not shunting to original media data flow, according to present channel
Situation, the significance level and corresponding encoding scheme of the frame included in dynamic adjustment media data packet, transmits packet
To corresponding FEC encoder, different degrees of protection is carried out, a final source traffic can only be encoded as a FEC
Code stream.
2. the adaptive FEC mechanism based on media content according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the side
Method adds unequal error protection flag bit in the signaling information together transmitted with media processing units (MPU).
3. the adaptive FEC mechanism based on media content according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the side
Method adds special indication field, to form the protection scheme of more personalizations.
4. the adaptive FEC mechanism based on media content according to claim 3, it is characterised in that it is described specially
The indication field of door is added in before MFU packet header.
5. the adaptive FEC mechanism based on media content according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the side
Method adds unequal error protection flag bit in the signaling information together transmitted with media processing units (MPU), while plus
Enter special indication field, to form the protection scheme of more personalizations.
6. the adaptive FEC mechanism based on media content according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the side
Method can be according to the change of network condition, adaptive change encoding scheme.
7. the adaptive FEC mechanism based on media content according to any one of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that
Methods described is classified media content, and gives different importances, is then controlled using signaling and indication field,
Encoded using different FEC encoding strengths.
8. the adaptive FEC mechanism based on media content according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the side
Method is directed to MMT AL-FEC transmitting terminal frameworks, and transmitting terminal flow process is：
A) server end generates MMTP streams and signaling according to media resource；
B) according to the difference of the importance in MMT streams per frame data, MMT bags are delivered to FEC encoder, it is right
Different priority, carries out FEC codings to MMT bags and generates corresponding FEC code using different FEC encoder matrixs；
C) FEC code of formation after FEC codings will be carried out in upper step to the MMT bags of the different priorities of same data flow
Carry out integrating and generate a FEC code stream；
D) after FEC has been encoded, corresponding character and the FEC data payloads mark of repairing is returned with former data payload mark；
E) all of reparation character is packaged into FEC and repairs bag, is sent to transport layer.
9. the adaptive FEC mechanism based on media content according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the side
Method recognizes the FEC coding structures and FEC code of FEC streams and employing by signaling, in order to support this mechanism,
Have modified the fec_flow_descriptor fields in signaling：Existing three kinds in AL-FEC message
A kind of new fec_coding_structure, fec_coding_structure are increased on the basis of fec_coding_structure
Function be for describing currently employed FEC encoding schemes, including the encryption algorithm of selection, if using privately owned volume
Code scheme, the information such as the guard time window time of maximum and value, field is located in AL-FEC signalings and is sent to reception
End；The value of the flag bit of the fec_coding_structure for newly increasing is selected in the range of existing reserved；
Signaling originally only supports the restoration information that multiple media resources are multiplexed in a FEC streams, and one kind is increased now
For the different importance parts of a media resource, the signaling control of FEC is carried out respectively, enable FEC mechanism more
Plus refine, service end can dynamically adjust the FEC intensity of media resource different piece according to user network state,
An equilibrium point is obtained between the network bandwidth and Consumer's Experience.
10. the adaptive FEC mechanism based on media content according to claim 9, it is characterised in that newly-increased
Plus the value of flag bit of fec_coding_structure be chosen for 0100.
Priority Applications (9)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510673091.XA CN106603192B (en) | 2015-10-16 | 2015-10-16 | A kind of adaptive FEC method based on media content |
| CN201910549405.3A CN110224793B (en) | 2015-10-16 | 2015-10-16 | Self-adaptive FEC method based on media content |
| JP2017536358A JP2018505597A (en) | 2015-01-08 | 2016-01-08 | FEC mechanism based on media content |
| KR1020197034659A KR102251278B1 (en) | 2015-01-08 | 2016-01-08 | Fec mechanism based on media contents |
| CA2998900A CA2998900C (en) | 2015-01-08 | 2016-01-08 | Fec mechanism based on media contents |
| PCT/CN2016/070525 WO2016110275A1 (en) | 2015-01-08 | 2016-01-08 | Fec mechanism based on media contents |
| US15/542,079 US10469202B2 (en) | 2015-01-08 | 2016-01-08 | Fec mechanism based on media content |
| KR1020177021722A KR102083302B1 (en) | 2015-01-08 | 2016-01-08 | FEC mechanism based on media content |
| JP2021069391A JP7343915B2 (en) | 2015-01-08 | 2021-04-15 | FEC mechanism based on media content |
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| WO2019011219A1 (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2019-01-17 | 上海交通大学 | Media content-based adaptive method, device and system for fec coding and decoding of systematic code, and medium |
| CN109245850A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2019-01-18 | 上海交通大学 | Adaptable System code FEC coding and decoding method based on media content |
| CN109687934A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2019-04-26 | 上海交通大学 | Adaptable System code FEC method, apparatus and system based on media content |
| CN110224793A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2019-09-10 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of adaptive FEC method based on media content |
| CN110299963A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-10-01 | 西安万像电子科技有限公司 | Data processing method and device |
| CN111385055A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-07-07 | 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 | Data transmission method and device |
| CN113179262A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2021-07-27 | 上海交通大学 | Method and system for transmitting media in heterogeneous network |
| CN115190080A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2022-10-14 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Congestion control method and device and communication equipment |
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| CN110224793B (en) | 2021-03-09 |
| CN110224793A (en) | 2019-09-10 |
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