CN106590705A - Method for secondarily reforming tar by utilizing in-situ composite semicoke made from high alkaline coal and biomass - Google Patents

Method for secondarily reforming tar by utilizing in-situ composite semicoke made from high alkaline coal and biomass Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106590705A
CN106590705A CN201611001575.0A CN201611001575A CN106590705A CN 106590705 A CN106590705 A CN 106590705A CN 201611001575 A CN201611001575 A CN 201611001575A CN 106590705 A CN106590705 A CN 106590705A
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pyrolysis
semicoke
biomass
coal
tar
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郭飞强
王岩
郭成龙
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10BDESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/02Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J21/00Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
    • B01J21/18Carbon
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/08Heat treatment
    • B01J37/082Decomposition and pyrolysis
    • B01J37/084Decomposition of carbon-containing compounds into carbon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10BDESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/04Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of powdered coal
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10BDESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C10B57/02Multi-step carbonising or coking processes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10BDESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C10B57/08Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
    • C10B57/10Drying
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1011Biomass
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/40Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
    • C10G2300/4037In-situ processes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/70Catalyst aspects
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for carrying out secondary catalytic reforming on tar by using in-situ thermal-state composite semicoke made after high alkaline coal difficult to utilize industrially and biomass are pyrolyzed as a catalyst. According to the method, after being subjected to pretreatment, the biomass and the coal are uniformly mixed, the high alkaline coal is used as a provider of alkali metal ions of K, Na and the like, which play a main catalytic role, and has a mass ratio of approximately being 20 to 30 percent in a mixed sample. The well prepared mixed sample is added into a lower layer of a two-stage fixed bed pyrolysis reactor to carry out pyrolysis, so as to prepare a subsequently needed catalyst; after the pyrolysis on the lower layer is completed, the charging on an upper layer is started to carry out the pyrolysis; the in-situ thermal-state composite semicoke on the lower layer is used as a carbon bed; a tar-containing pyrolysis gas obtained through the pyrolysis on the upper layer is subjected to the secondary catalytic reforming through the carbon bed on the lower layer by utilizing a carrier gas. According to the method, the characteristics that the high alkaline coal is rich in alkaline-earth metals and the biomass is loose and porous are effectively utilized; by utilizing the preparation of composite semicoke, the shortage that the semicoke is separately pyrolyzed as the catalyst is made up; the catalytic efficiency is improved; the catalytic cost is decreased.

Description

It is a kind of to produce In-situ reaction semicoke secondary reformed tar using high-alkali coal and biomass Method
Technical field
The invention belongs to biomass energy Efficient Conversion utilizes field, and in particular to a kind of to utilize high-alkali coal and biomass thermal Solution produces hot compound semicoke catalytic reforming tar in situ to improve the catalytic reaction method of gas yield.
Background technology
As the continuous development of human society, conventional fossil fuel are day by day exhausted, seek fungible energy source imperative.It is raw Material can, source renewable due to which is wide, yield is big, the features such as easily store so that people gradually recognize which as alternative The broad prospect of application of the energy.China's biomass resource enriches, and currently only the yield of agricultural crop straw just has more than 800,000,000 tons every year, The 30% of world's straw total amount is accounted for, about 400,000,000 tons of equivalent standard coal.
But on the whole, China is relatively low to the utilization ratio of biomass energy, mainly based on directly burning, business Industryization development also only exists in the starting stage, need further to be lifted.It is mainly logical to the trans-utilization of biomass energy at present Cross the technological means such as conversion technology, thermochemical study technology and biomass energy is converted into into the combustion of heat energy, gaseous fuel and liquid The secondary energy sources such as material.Biomass pyrolytic gas is one of hot spot technology for wherein studying, and the technology has that adaptability to raw materials is wide, turns Change efficiency high, the features such as product is easily stored, be on the largest scaleization, the technology of commercialized development prospect.
Pyrolysis refers to that under conditions of starvation heating material makes Organic substance therein decompose, and removes volatility Material, forms the process of solid-state semicoke.Thermal decomposition product mainly includes three kinds of gas, liquid and solid, and wherein gas can be used for directly Burning is connect, liquid can further separate, extract and make fuel oil and industrial chemicals, and solid can be used to produce activated carbon.
Tar is unavoidable by-product in pyrolytic process, and tar can condense and be attached to pipeline wall in the duct, This can have a strong impact on the operation safety of equipment.After the materials such as tar viscous glutinous flying dust, water, blocking pipeline, etching apparatus are also resulted in A series of problems, such as, so the tar yield how reduced in pyrolytic process becomes a great problem of pyrolytic technique development.
The content of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned problem, the invention provides a kind of efficient, low cost is in situ hot using pyrolysis The method that compound semicoke catalytic reforming tar improves fuel gas quality and yield simultaneously.
The technical scheme is that:Biomass and coal such as are crushed, are dried and screened at the pretreatment first, then by two Person uniformly mixes, and uniform mixed raw material adds the lower floor of two stage fixed-bed reactor, carries out being catalyzed the system with compound semicoke It is standby.Treat that lower floor's pyrolysis terminates backward reactor upper strata and adds raw material, with the in situ hot compound semicoke for preparing as bed body, to upper The tar that layer pyrolysis is obtained carries out quadric catalysis reformation.
1st, a kind of in situ hot compound semicoke produced with after low-quality high-alkali coal and biomass pyrolytic is focused as catalyst The method that oil carries out quadric catalysis reformation, which comprises the following steps that:
1)Pretreatment of raw material:The pretreatment such as biomass material and coal are crushed, are dried and screened respectively, then by coal and life Material uniformly mixes;
2)Catalyst(Compound semicoke)Prepare:Mixed uniformly raw material is added into the lower floor of two stage fixed-bed pyrolysis reactor, with Noble gases are carrier gas, and in question response device, air is begun to warm up after draining.Temperature keeps final temperature after rising to setting value, is combined Semicoke, as the catalyst of follow-up tar catalytic reforming;
3)The quadric catalysis of tar are reformed:Treat step 2)After the completion of, biomass material is added into the upper of two stage fixed-bed reactor Layer, by step 2)The hot compound semicoke for obtaining is used as bed body, the pyrolysis gas containing tar obtained upper strata pyrolysis using carrier gas By lower floor's bed body, the quadric catalysis for carrying out tar are reformed.
2nd, method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described biomass material is that agriculture and forestry organic waste material is former Material, including one or more in rice husk, corn cob, straw, wood flour etc..
3rd, method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described feed coal is that calorific value is relatively low, easy coking and High-alkali coal rich in alkaline-earth metal.
4th, method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that mass ratio shared by high-alkali coal is about in biased sample 20-30%。
5th, method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 1)Described biomass material Li Jing≤2mm, High-alkali coal Yuan expects Li Jing≤0.5mm, 100-105 DEG C of baking temperature, Shui point of Han Liang≤2wt.% after being dried.
6th, method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2)Described lower floor's pyrolysis temperature is 500- 900℃。
7th, method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2)Middle inert gas flow is about 100- 500ml/min。
8th, method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2)Described in heating rate be 10-50 DEG C/ min。
9th, method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 3)The upper strata pyrolysis reaction temperature is 500- 1000 DEG C, in catalytic process, lower floor maintains step 2)In pyrolysis final temperature, carrier gas is noble gases.
10th, the method according to claim 1,7 or 9, it is characterised in that described carrier gas is argon, nitrogen, helium In one kind.
Compared with prior art, innovation of the invention is:
1st, the invention provides a kind of new high-alkali coal and biomass economy mode, the utilization for solving high-alkali coal with biomass is asked Topic, improves utilization ratio;
2nd, used catalyst of the present invention is the compound semicoke that high-alkali coal and biomass are produced, and high-alkali coal provides major catalytic effect Alkaline-earth metal ions, while using biomass constitute the characteristics of loose porous the charcoal bed with flourishing hole for alkaline-earth metal from Son attachment, improves catalytic efficiency;
3rd, present invention catalysis semicoke used is hot semicoke in situ, compared to currently used more cold conditions semicoke, in situ hot Semicoke has bigger specific surface area and more flourishing microcellular structure, and as through temperature-fall period, its activity is not higher, this So that hot semicoke has higher catalytic efficiency in catalytic process, while simplifying the technological process of catalysis pyrolysis, also save The portion of energy of catalyst reheating is saved.
Description of the drawings:
Fig. 1:Gas yield change before and after the compound semicoke catalysis of 600 DEG C of pine sawdust;
Fig. 2:Gas yield change under corn cob difference pyrolytical condition.
Specific embodiment:
The present invention is specifically described with reference to specific case study on implementation, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to This.
Case study on implementation 1
1)Sample pretreatment:20-30 mesh and the high-alkali coal of pine sawdust and Xinjiang after the drying of 60-100 mesh, crushing are filtered out respectively, Then the two is uniformly mixed, the wherein high-alkali coal in Xinjiang shared mass ratio in biased sample is 20%;
2)Catalyst(Compound semicoke)Prepare:By 1)In the 2g biased samples that prepare be added to double-deck pyrolysis fixed bed reactors Lower floor, nitrogen flow be 200ml/min, heating rate be 20 DEG C/min, pyrolysis final temperature be 800 DEG C under conditions of carry out heat Solution, to prepare catalyst needed for follow-up pyrolysis;
3)The quadric catalysis of tar are reformed:After being pyrolyzed in 2) and terminating, ready pine sawdust 4g is added on upper strata, carry out tar Catalytic reforming experiment, in pyrolytic process collect tar with pyrolysis synthesis gas.
Upper strata pyrolysis temperature is 600 DEG C, and pyrolysis gas pass through chromatographic each component content.
After the compound semicoke catalysis of addition, tar yield declines about 40%, H in gas2、CH4、The fuel gas yield such as CO is notable Increase, concrete outcome is as shown in Figure 1.
Case study on implementation 2
Similar with example 1, change upper strata pyrolysis feed is corn cob, and other operations are with example 1.With without catalytic phase ratio, tar is produced Rate reduces by 40%, and combustible gas components increase, and specific experiment result is as shown in Figure 2.
Case study on implementation 3
It is similar with example 1, upper strata pyrolysis feed is changed to into corn cob, while changing lower floor's pyrolysis temperature for 700 DEG C, other operations are same Example 1.With without catalytic phase ratio, it is as shown in Figure 2 that tar conversion reduces by 40% experimental result.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of in situ hot compound semicoke produced with after low-quality high-alkali coal and biomass pyrolytic enters as catalyst to tar The method that row quadric catalysis are reformed, which comprises the following steps that:1) pretreatment of raw material:Powder is carried out respectively to biomass material and coal Then coal is uniformly mixed by the pretreatment such as broken, dry and screening with biomass;2)Catalyst(Compound semicoke)Prepare:Will be uniform The raw material of mixing adds the lower floor of two stage fixed-bed pyrolysis reactor, and with noble gases as carrier gas, in question response device, air is drained After begin to warm up.Temperature keeps final temperature after rising to setting value, obtains compound semicoke, as the catalysis of follow-up tar catalytic reforming Agent;3)The quadric catalysis of tar are reformed:Treat step 2)After the completion of, biomass material is added into the upper of two stage fixed-bed reactor Layer, by step 2)The hot compound semicoke for obtaining is used as bed body, the pyrolysis gas containing tar obtained upper strata pyrolysis using carrier gas By lower floor's bed body, the quadric catalysis for carrying out tar are reformed.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described biomass material is agriculture and forestry organic waste material raw material, bag Include one or more in rice husk, corn cob, straw, wood flour etc..
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described feed coal is relatively low calorific value, easy coking and is rich in The high-alkali coal of alkaline-earth metal.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that mass ratio shared by high-alkali coal is about 20- in biased sample 30%。
5. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 1)It is described biomass material Li Jing≤2mm, high-alkali Coal Yuan expects Li Jing≤0.5mm, 100-105 DEG C of baking temperature, Shui point of Han Liang≤2wt.% after being dried.
6. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2)Described lower floor's pyrolysis temperature is 500-900 DEG C.
7. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2)Middle inert gas flow is about 100-500ml/ min。
8. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2)Described in heating rate be 10-50 DEG C/min.
9. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 3)The upper strata pyrolysis reaction temperature is 500-1000 DEG C, in catalytic process, lower floor maintains step 2)In pyrolysis final temperature, carrier gas is noble gases.
10. the method according to claim 1,7 or 9, it is characterised in that described carrier gas is argon, nitrogen, in helium It is a kind of.
CN201611001575.0A 2016-11-15 2016-11-15 Method for secondarily reforming tar by utilizing in-situ composite semicoke made from high alkaline coal and biomass Pending CN106590705A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107858167A (en) * 2017-12-21 2018-03-30 辽宁中电投电站燃烧工程技术研究中心有限公司 A kind of high-alkali coal combines pyrolysis installation and method with sludge
CN115254126A (en) * 2022-08-24 2022-11-01 云南大学 Preparation method of biochar-based bifunctional catalyst
CN115970645A (en) * 2022-12-27 2023-04-18 国家电投集团远达环保工程有限公司 Coal and biomass co-pyrolysis coke demercuration adsorbent and preparation method thereof

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107858167A (en) * 2017-12-21 2018-03-30 辽宁中电投电站燃烧工程技术研究中心有限公司 A kind of high-alkali coal combines pyrolysis installation and method with sludge
CN115254126A (en) * 2022-08-24 2022-11-01 云南大学 Preparation method of biochar-based bifunctional catalyst
CN115970645A (en) * 2022-12-27 2023-04-18 国家电投集团远达环保工程有限公司 Coal and biomass co-pyrolysis coke demercuration adsorbent and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20170426