CN106556966A - Point to projection screen in a kind of ultraphotic angle containing nanometer grating dot structure - Google Patents
Point to projection screen in a kind of ultraphotic angle containing nanometer grating dot structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN106556966A CN106556966A CN201611024810.6A CN201611024810A CN106556966A CN 106556966 A CN106556966 A CN 106556966A CN 201611024810 A CN201611024810 A CN 201611024810A CN 106556966 A CN106556966 A CN 106556966A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
- G03B21/54—Accessories
- G03B21/56—Projection screens
- G03B21/60—Projection screens characterised by the nature of the surface
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
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Abstract
The invention discloses projection screen is pointed at a kind of ultraphotic angle containing nanometer grating dot structure, which includes at least one sensing screen, and the exiting surface for pointing to screen is provided with multigroup pel array, and the light sent with the pixel in group pel array points to same visual angle.Sensing projection screen containing nanometer grating is combined by the present invention with Display Technique, realizes that ultraphotic angle bore hole 3D shows.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to bore hole 3D display field, and in particular to point to and throw in a kind of ultraphotic angle containing nanometer grating dot structure
Shadow screen.
Background technology
Hologram is a kind of image for carrying amplitude and phase information, can true reappearance three-dimensional information, do not produce vision tired
Labor, stereoeffect are unrelated with the distance of observer.The holographic principle for showing can be summarized as：Hologram can be three-dimensional empty in spatial reproduction
Picture or three-dimensional real image, the every bit on hologram is to space all directions transmission information, each point of observation in space
It can be seen that the image of view picture.In other words, image information is focused on point of observation by light field transmission.Therefore, it is different in space
Point of observation, it should be seen that the entire image of different visual angles, does not mutually interfere with each other.But, recent decades, by hologram recording material, letter
The restriction of breath amount and technical matters, holographic display fail to become the main flow that bore hole 3D shows.
Principle of parallax invention more than 100 years, although enterprise constantly has the model machine that 3D shows to show both at home and abroad, but due to image
The restriction of the problems such as resolution and visual fatigue, bore hole 3D show.
Traditional multi-view angle three-dimensional shows based on geometric optical theory have cylindrical lens array and projected array method, but hold
Be also easy to produce influx adjust contradiction, make one to observe and see unnatural, for example patent CN20101058659.4 (switchable display modes
LED naked-eye display device) propose to realize that 2D/3D switches using flexible slit grating, but its display effect is affected by viewing location
It is larger.Ultraphotic angle bore hole 3D Display Technique can weaken influx and adjust contradiction, realize more natural view transformation process.It is based on
The ultraphotic angle 3 D displaying method light control accuracy of cylindrical lens array is poor, is also easy to produce interference, and projected array method structure is very multiple
Miscellaneous, volume is larger, is not suitable for the display terminal of portable.Therefore need the method for a more rational three dimensional display to solve
Problems above.
It is improvement based on the basis of various visual angles bore hole 3D that ultraphotic angle bore hole 3D shows.Its it is main difference be, ultraphotic
Angle three dimensional display shortens the distance between two neighboring visual angle, allows an eyes of people while seeing plural regarding
Angle.Therefore, human eye is observed that continuous parallax, it is ensured that the three dimensional display effect of image.Show in common bore hole 3D
In technology, simple eye focussing distance is polymerized with eyes apart from mismatching, and easily makes eyestrain, after the method using ultraphotic angle,
Can achievement solve influx adjust contradiction, be more suitable for human eye and view and admire.
It is a kind of good ultraphotic angle 3 D displaying method based on the ultraphotic angle 3D Display Techniques of diffraction optics, which adopts receives
Controlling each visual angle, light control accuracy is high, and is not likely to produce crosstalk, simple structure, small volume, fits for rice optical grating construction
Preferably as portable display terminal.It is the effective ways for ensureing 3D display effects.
Existing bore hole 3D displaying scheme disadvantage is that parallax is discontinuous, affects 3D display effects.Meanwhile, at present from various visual angles
During bore hole 3D shows, simple eye focussing distance is polymerized with eyes apart from mismatching, and is produced influx and is adjusted contradiction, easily makes eye tired
Labor.
The content of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of ultraphotic angle containing nanometer grating dot structure is pointed to and is thrown
Shadow screen, the sensing projection screen containing nanometer grating is combined with Display Technique, realizes that ultraphotic angle bore hole 3D shows.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme is as follows：
Projection screen is pointed at a kind of ultraphotic angle containing nanometer grating dot structure, and which includes at least one sensing screen, refers to
Multigroup pel array is provided with to the exiting surface of screen, the light sent with the pixel in group pel array points to same visual angle.It is logical
Reduction is crossed with nanometer grating periodic inequality in group pel array, so as to reduce the distance between adjacent view.
Further, between above-mentioned adjacent view, distance is less than pupil size, when between adjacent view, distance is less than pupil size
When obtain periodic inequality further according to grating equation.
Further, respective pel array is fitted together to mutually according to holographic imaging principle between above-mentioned each group pel array,
It is distributed on the exiting surface for pointing to screen.The pel array of different groups has the convergence viewpoint of different positions, collectively constitutes super
Visual angle viewpoint distribution.
Further, inside above-mentioned pixel, the cycle of nanometer grating, the mutual relation of orientation meet principle of holography.
Further, the behind of above-mentioned sensing screen or dead ahead are provided with three monochromatic point sources, the light that point source sends
The behind for pointing to screen is incided from top to down or from below to up.
Further, after screen is pointed in above-mentioned point source diffused illumination, the pixel of various visual angles composograph is shielded with pointing to
Nanometer grating pixel correspondence on curtain, after the propagation of space length, forms the outgoing light field of different points of view, multiple views light field
Form ultraphotic.
Further, it is red, green and blue that above three is monochromatic.
Further, the above three monochrome incident angle of point source meets optical grating diffraction equation with the relation of wavelength.This
Projection screen is pointed at a kind of ultraphotic angle containing nanometer grating dot structure that invention is proposed, the sensing containing nanometer grating is projected
Screen is combined with Display Technique, realizes that ultraphotic angle bore hole 3D shows.The advantage of the invention is, first, the image of observation is in sky
Between there is in viewpoint convergence effect, while carrying amplitude and phase information, between different visual angles image, there is no crosstalk.Second, profit
Regulate and control each visual angle with nanometer grating, an eyes are made it can be seen that plural visual angle, realizes continuous parallax, it is ensured that from
Right three dimensional display effect.3rd, make simple eye focussing distance be polymerized with eyes apart from matching, reduce eye strain.4th, use
LCD coordinates the refreshing of image, realizes that ultraphotic angle bore hole 3D video shows.Therefore, present invention nanometer grating projection screen is to going out
Penetrate light direction to be regulated and controled, coordinate LCD Display Techniques, be capable of achieving ultraphotic angle bore hole 3D and show, the image resolution ratio for obtaining is high, subtracts
Little crosstalk, it is ensured that the seriality of parallax, reduces influx and adjusts contradiction, make viewing effect more natural, it is ensured that 3D display effects.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is human eyes structure figure involved in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is cone cell scattergram involved in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 be the embodiment of the present invention in structure dimension Nano grade diffraction grating in X/Y plane and XZ planes
Under structure chart.
Fig. 5 is various nanometer grating dot structure schematic diagrams in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the nanostructured scattergram of the directivity function film of existing single viewpoint convergence in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a kind of ultraphotic angle displaying scheme figure in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is display screen structure schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is display screen structure schematic diagram during colored ultraphotic angle bore hole 3D shows in the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 a-b are light source lighting schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Two visual angle picture element density scattergrams that Figure 11 a-c are shown for various visual angles bore hole 3D in the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 12 is the involved coordinate system schematic diagram of directional light reproduction null tone calculating in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Describe the preferred embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in detail.
The present embodiment essentially describes a kind of ultraphotic angle containing nanometer grating dot structure and points to projection screen, uses liquid crystal
Show that device laminating type provides multi-view image, corresponding with nanostructured pel array on screen, each width multi-view image is by one
Group nanostructured pel array spatially produces convergence light field (viewpoint) in screen periphery, allows an eyes of people to see two
Viewpoint more than individual, the parallax distribution between two neighboring viewpoint are as continuous as possible, make the third dimension of image closer to truth.
The technical scheme is that：By the sensing screen containing nanometer grating pixel, by each multi-view image from projection
Converge near projection arrangement position, viewpoint closer to the distance is produced in space, realize monocular parallax effect.Ultraphotic angle screen
Pixel includes the sub-pix corresponding to each multi-view image, and its sub-pix contains the nanometer grating combination designed according to principle of holography,
The function of its nanometer grating pel array is to carry out wave-front conversion to incident multi-view image, by parallel or point-like illumination light field,
Form the convergence viewpoint within adjacent pupil (2mm) size.Substantially, this is holographic wave-front conversion imaging, by regarding that LCD is provided
Angle information is transformed into a phase viewpoint, as visual angle interval is less than pupil diameter size, therefore realizes monocular parallax effect, so as to subtract
Little influx adjusts contradiction, it is ensured that parallax distribution in adjacent view intermediate area is continuous, strengthens 3D display effects.
Purpose of the invention, a kind of ultraphotic angle 3D display devices of proposition, including at least one sensing screen.It is described
The exiting surface for pointing to screen is provided with multigroup pel array, according to holographic imaging principle by respective pixel between each group pel array
Array is fitted together to mutually, is distributed on the exiting surface for pointing to screen.The light sent with the pixel in group pel array points to same
One visual angle, reduces the distance between adjacent view, enables single eyes while seeing multiple visual angles；The pel array tool of different groups
There is the convergence viewpoint of different positions, collectively constitute the viewpoint distribution of ultraphotic angle.Wherein, tie containing nanometer grating inside the pixel
Structure, inside pixel, the cycle of nanometer grating, the mutual relation of orientation meet principle of holography.
The behind (or dead ahead) for pointing to screen is provided with three monochrome (red, green, blue) point sources, what light source sent
(or from below to up) incides sensing screen back to light from top to down.Sensing screen is fitted in using by liquid crystal display (LCD)
Above, various visual angles plane composograph is provided by LCD, after screen is pointed in point source diffused illumination, by various visual angles composograph
Pixel is corresponding with the nanometer grating pixel pointed on screen, after the propagation of space length, forms the emergent light of different points of view
, multiple views light field forms ultraphotic angle, and image is without crosstalk, and when human eye transverse shifting is observed, light distribution is uniform, without dark
Shadow, it is seen that 3D stereoeffects true to nature.
Here, point to screen to modulate there is provided spatial information (position phase), liquid crystal display provides multi-view image information and (shakes
Width) modulation, both combine, and possess the full detail of holographic display.The pel array being made up of nanometer grating, substantially plays
The effect of wavefront transform imaging.The wavefront with convergence function, correspondence different visual angles figure will be converted in screen multi-view image
Picture, forms in space and separates viewpoint (directivity light field), as the position phase (visual angle) and the amplitude (image) that carry before space wave are believed
The independent propagation of breath, mutual not crosstalk between each wavefront (viewpoint).During eye-observation, visual fatigue, the three-dimensional effect of observation will not be produced
Fruit is unrelated with the position of observer.
The pixel of the multi-view image of liquid crystal display must be aligned with the nanometer grating pixel matching for pointing to projection screen.
Referring to accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 2, accompanying drawing 1 is human eyes structure figure.The eyes approximate spheres of people, with optical imagery function
Tissue be cornea and crystalline lenses.Retina is located at eyes rear end, is the first stop of the nerve information transmission that vision is formed.View
The primary photosensitive neuron that cone cell on film is, in the optical axis just to terminal.Accompanying drawing 2 is cone cell scattergram, can by figure
Know, cone cell distributed pole is uneven, it is most intensive at central fovea of macula, it is distributed in retina other positions on a small quantity.Therefore, in
It is the most sharp region of vision that the heart is recessed, and its diameter is about 1～3mm.The visual field of human eye is up to 150 °, but clearly can observe simultaneously
The scope of object is only 6 °～8 ° around the optical axis.The present invention will take into full account cone cell characteristic distributions, design each visual angle pixel
Distribution, reaches visual experience optimization.
The present invention is adopted and constructs new light field based on the nanostructured of diffraction effect.Single nanostructured is interacted with light,
Change its phase place.Referring to accompanying drawing 3 and accompanying drawing 4, accompanying drawing 3 and accompanying drawing 4 are that structure dimension is flat in XY in the diffraction grating of Nano grade
Structure chart under face and XZ planes.According to grating equation, the cycle of diffraction grating pixel 101, the angle of orientation meet following relation：
(1)tanφ1=sin φ/(cos φ-n sin θs (Λ/λ))
(2)sin2(θ1)=(λ/Λ)2+(n sinθ)2-2n sinθcosφ(λ/Λ)
Wherein, light incides X/Y plane, 1 Hes of θ at an angleRepresent that the angle of diffraction of diffraction light 202 (is spread out successively
Penetrate light and z-axis positive direction angle) and diffraction light 202 azimuth (diffracted ray and x-axis positive direction angle), θ and λ tables successively
Show the angle of incidence (incident ray with z-axis positive direction angle) and wavelength of light source 201, Λ andNanometer diffraction grating is represented successively
101 cycle and the angle of orientation (grooved direction and y-axis positive direction angle), n represents light wave refractive index in media as well.In other words,
After incident ray wavelength, angle of incidence and the diffracted ray angle of diffraction and diffraction azimuth is provided, it is possible to by above-mentioned
Two formula calculate cycle and the angle of orientation of required nanometer grating.For example, 650nm wavelength HONGGUANG is with 60 ° of angle incidences, light
The angle of diffraction be 10 °, diffraction azimuth be 45 °, by calculate, the corresponding nanometer diffraction grating cycle be 550nm, the angle of orientation
For -5.96 °.
According to above-mentioned principle, each nanometer grating is considered as into a pixel.The orientation of the grating determines light field angle
Modulating characteristic, its cycle determine spectral filtering characteristic.In the method, the cycle (null tone) of nanostructured and orientation are in each sub- picture
Change between element is continuous, you can realize the regulation and control and conversion of light field.Therefore, produce on nanostructured directivity phase-plate
After multiple different orientation angles for setting on demand and the nanometer grating in cycle, it is obtained with theory enough with difference
Viewpoint, coordinate color, between gray scale and each viewpoint distance control, just can real ultraphotic angle bore hole 3D show.
Referring to accompanying drawing 5, accompanying drawing 5 is various nanometer grating dot structure schematic diagrams.Optical grating construction can be made up of single material,
Can also be made of a variety of materials.Also be able to can be embedded in inside directivity functional lens on directivity functional lens surface.Its essence is
Light refractive index micro-nano-scale space periodically change and can with light action generation diffraction effect, it is proposed by the present invention on
Directivity functional lens are stated, wherein nanometer grating pixel can be entered using ultraviolet continuous change null tone photoetching technique and nano impression
Row makes, the ultraviolet continuous Chinese patent application record for becoming null tone photoetching technique with reference to Application No. CN201310166341.1
Lithographic equipment and photoetching method.It is pointed out that in the present invention, can be made in smooth surface etching using photoetching method
Each nanometer grating being differently directed is made, then makes the template that can be used in imprinting, then imprinted by nano impression batch
Go out the pel array of nanometer optical grating constitution.
Referring to accompanying drawing 6, accompanying drawing 6 is the nanostructured scattergram of the directivity function film for realizing that single viewpoint is converged.It is excellent
Selection of land, its nanostructured can make image converge at viewpoint 1 equivalent to single off-axis Fresnel lens structure.N × m sub- picture
Element constitutes n × m not confocal off-axis Fresnel lens structure.Additionally, by designing single pixel complexity nanostructured,
Emergent ray can be made insensitive to lambda1-wavelength, i.e., by gradual change nanostructured, multi-wavelength incident illumination can be made to obtain identical meeting
Poly- effect.On figure, pixel is not limited to the pixel structure composition such as rectangular pixels, or circle, rhombus, hexagon.Pixel on figure
Also can be discrete mutually, appropriately designed pel spacing can be allowed to meet the requirement of illumination space.Additionally, by adjusting the upper each pixel of figure
Pixel size, the structural parameters such as structure or groove depth according to changes in spatial distribution, each pixel can be made to obtain preferable diffraction efficiency,
Reach the purpose of Uniform Illumination.
Referring to accompanying drawing 7, Fig. 7 is a kind of ultraphotic angle displaying scheme figure under embodiment of the present invention.The displaying scheme passes through
Each multi-view image is separated and is converged near screen by display screen, and visual angle is smaller than human eye pupil size, makes one simple eye and just can
Two width above multi-view images (visual angle 1 and visual angle 2) are seen, is focused on by human lenses and be imaged on retina, simple eye focusing
Position be located at show three-dimensional body on (position 1), can so realize simple eye focusing function.Display screen structure on Fig. 7
As shown in figure 8, at least including one layer of directivity projection screen, liquid crystal panel and a light source.Project to directivity projection screen
Nanometer grating modulation outgoing of the light on curtain on directivity projection screen, by several multi-view images shown in liquid crystal surface
Separate, form the distribution of space different visual angles, single visual angle can form convergence function, its corresponding single visual angle nanometer grating structure
As shown in fig. 6, different visual angles nanometer grating pixel is fitted together to mutually, it is distributed on the exiting surface for pointing to screen, as shown in Figure 8
The corresponding nanometer grating pixel in three visual angles is gone out, while each visual angle on the nanometer grating pixel at each visual angle and LCD screen
Image pixel is aligned, it is to avoid visual angle crosstalk occurs.
Display screen structure schematic diagram during colored ultraphotic angle bore hole 3D shows is illustrated in figure 9, at least including one layer of directivity
Projection screen, liquid crystal panel, colored filter and light source.Incident light source is after directivity projection screen by nanometer grating picture
Element modulation exit direction, modulates outgoing color through colored filter, the color viewing angle image provided on liquid crystal panel is separated
Different points of view is converged at, viewpoint spacing meets above-mentioned ultraphotic angle bore hole 3D display condition.The different nanometer of rgb three coloured lights correspondence
Grating pixel, makes rgb three coloured light exit directions identical, forms white or colored display.The sub-pix of same liquid crystal panel
It is corresponding with directivity projection screen nanometer grating pixel.It can also be rgb three coloured lights that light source can be white light.
Light source lighting need with certain inclination angle from top to down (such as Figure 10 (a)) or from below to up illumination (such as Figure 10
(b))。
Referring to accompanying drawing 11 (a), it is two visual angle picture element density scattergrams that various visual angles bore hole 3D shows, due to two visual angles
It is distributed relatively far away from, more than the oculopupillary width of people (5mm), so an eyes cannot observe two visual angles simultaneously, therefore
Cannot realize that simple eye inspection shows.In this case, simple eye focussing distance is polymerized with eyes apart from mismatching, and causes influx to be adjusted
Section contradiction, easily makes eye strain.The effect of the discontinuous impact three dimensional display of parallax.Referring to accompanying drawing 11 (b), it is that ultraphotic angle is naked
The visual angle picture element density scattergram that eye 3D shows, the distance between three visual angles is sufficiently small, so that an eyes of people can be same
When observe plural visual angle, realize that ultraphotic angle bore hole 3D shows.Referring to accompanying drawing 11 (c), it is accompanying drawing 11 (b) picture element density
Approximate pixel density profile after superposition, as three viewing angle distributions are near enough, can approximately regard the scattergram of Figure 11 (c) as
Sample.Under which, time difference distribution is continuous, it is ensured that the verity of image.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments, enables professional and technical personnel in the field to realize or using the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent for those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention
Embodiment illustrated herein is not intended to be limited to, and is to fit to consistent with principles disclosed herein and features of novelty
Most wide scope.
The present invention proposes, using holographic imaging and wave-front conversion principle, by the sensing projection screen containing nanometer grating with
Display Technique is combined, and realizes that ultraphotic angle bore hole 3D shows.The advantage of the invention is, first, the image of observation is on spatial aspect
With convergence effect, while carrying amplitude and phase information, between different visual angles image, there is no crosstalk.Second, point source projection
To on directivity screen, the nanometer grating pixel on directivity screen meets principle of holography, to passing through its light with diffraction
Mode realizes the wave-front conversion imaging of light, and the interval between two neighboring visual angle is less than pupil size, enables an eyes of people
See plural visual angle, form the effect of monocular parallax.3rd, the position of simple eye focusing is located at and shows on object, and double
The position of eye polymerization is identical, reduces influx and adjusts contradiction, makes viewing effect more natural.4th, it is trichroism using red, green, blue
Point source is projected on three groups of pel arrays, using any regulating and controlling effect of the nanometer grating to light, by the visual angle of red, green, blue
Image is synthesized together in exit facet, realizes that colored ultraphotic angle bore hole 3D shows.5th, the refreshing of image is coordinated using LCD, can
Realize that ultraphotic angle bore hole 3D video shows.
Therefore, the present invention is regulated and controled to outgoing light direction using nanometer grating projection screen, coordinates LCD Display Techniques,
Ultraphotic angle bore hole 3D for being capable of achieving low cost shows that the image resolution ratio for obtaining is high, viewing no visual fatigue, and viewing image is more
It is good.
Heretofore described pixelation points to screen, and single pixel size can adjust according to the resolution of screen, can
Realize that 2D/3D switches.Several (n) visual angles figure is corresponded to and directivity pixel (n) respectively, is formed 3D rendering and is shown.If not
Multi-view image, but single-view figure, then form 2D and show that the Pixel Dimensions of 2D images are equal to (n* directivitys here
Pixel Dimensions).As Pixel Dimensions can accomplish very little, such as 20 microns, if 9 viewpoints, so, 2D Pixel Dimensions are just
60 microns, display screen 2D image resolution ratios are not interfered with.
Heretofore described various visual angles pixel is pointed to screen, the trichroism lasing light emitter of extending type (or white light) and provides regard more
The liquid crystal display of angle image is combined, and is capable of achieving stereo-picture and is shown.The amplitude information that image is provided is modulated by liquid crystal display, by referring to
Position phase (visual angle) information is provided to screen, by trichroism laser beam expanding light field provide backlighting for, constitute of the present invention super
Visual angle 3D laser display modules.Show that stereo-picture has and hologram identical characteristic, in other words, from of the present invention
In the bore hole 3D display device of ultraphotic angle, there is no long-time viewing in the 3-D view watched as the 3-D view of reality
The ocular vision fatigue for producing afterwards, is conducive to sight protectio.
Shown in Figure 12, it is assumed that (x, y, 0) point is the arbitrary point coordinates on phase board to A, and (h, 0, z) point is that viewpoint position is sat to B
Mark, c (x, y-tan θ * z, z) points are interfered with vector BA (x-h, y, z) for incident ray space coordinatess vector CA (0, ztan θ ,-z)
Striped is formed, waveguide index is n according to grating equation：
In the space frequency that x directions are formed
In the space frequency that y directions are formed
Null tone on xoy faces
The angle of orientation (angle of groove vertical direction and x-axis) φ on xoy faces
Then
Wherein cos α 1, cos β 1 are cosine of the vector CA in x and y directions, and cos α 2, cos β 2 are vector BA in x and y directions
Cosine
Above formula is obtained in substituting into equation (1) and (2)
Hypothesis 1 coordinate B1 of viewpoint (h1,0, z), 2 coordinate B2 of viewpoint (h2,0, the z) space frequency obtained according to above-mentioned formula
Respectively：
To meet super visual requirement：D=| h1-h2 | ＜ pupil sizes, can obtain periodic inequality according to above-mentioned formula.
In the present invention, both directivity nanometer grating can be produced in film surface etching using nano-photoetching method,
Also can first be produced by the nano-photoetching method to be used for impression block, then by nano impression batch duplicating, to reduce screen
Curtain cost.And the price and cost of red, green, blue laser instrument (LD or DPSSL) has reached application requirement.
In summary, the invention has the characteristics that：
1) the ultraphotic angle laser display scheme combined with LCD Panel by screen will be pointed to；
2) point to screen and contain nanometer grating pel array, it is corresponding with ultraphotic angle images match.According to image presentation mode,
It can be transmission-type, or reflection-type to point to screen；
3) at the rear or front of screen, by three monochromaters of red, green, blue, with certain incident angle and position
Project on screen, make red, green, blue light beam be closed and in same exit direction and same space viewpoint by pointing to screen,
Form the accurately image of coloured image；
4) point to screen and there is to each multi-view image convergence imaging function, it is big at intervals of pupil between the convergence viewpoint of formation
Within little, an eyes of people are enable while seeing plural visual angle, form continuous parallax, solve the influx lance of human eye
Shield；
5) point to screen and contain nanometer grating, its screen periods, orientation and azimuth can be according to principle of holography and grating sides
Journey is calculated and is obtained.Red, green, blue wavelength is projected on the diverse location of screen, by the spatial reuse of nanometer grating, forms 3D figures
The colored synthesis of picture.Incident angle can be calculated according to grating equation, and position can be calculated according to holographic imaging formula；
6) nanometer grating for pointing to projection screen is embossment structure, by nano impression mode, for the batch system of screen
Make, reduce screen manufacturing cost.
Above-described is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for one of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the concept of the premise of the invention, some deformations and improvement can also be made, these belong to the present invention
Protection domain.
Claims (8)
1. projection screen is pointed at a kind of ultraphotic angle containing nanometer grating dot structure, it is characterised in that pointed to including at least one
Screen, the exiting surface of the sensing screen are provided with multigroup pel array, and the light sent with the pixel in group pel array is pointed to
Same visual angle.
2. projection screen is pointed at a kind of ultraphotic angle containing nanometer grating dot structure according to claim 1, and its feature exists
In between the adjacent view, distance is less than pupil size, when between adjacent view, distance is less than pupil size further according to grating side
Journey obtains periodic inequality.
3. projection screen is pointed at a kind of ultraphotic angle containing nanometer grating dot structure according to claim 1, and its feature exists
In respective pel array being fitted together to mutually according to holographic imaging principle between each group pel array, is distributed in the sensing
On the exiting surface of screen, the pel array of different groups has the convergence viewpoint of different positions, collectively constitutes ultraphotic angle viewpoint point
Cloth.
4. projection screen is pointed at a kind of ultraphotic angle containing nanometer grating dot structure according to claim 1, and its feature exists
In inside the pixel, the cycle of nanometer grating, the mutual relation of orientation meet principle of holography.
5. projection screen is pointed at a kind of ultraphotic angle containing nanometer grating dot structure according to claim 1, and its feature exists
Be provided with three monochromatic point sources in, the behind for pointing to screen or dead ahead, the light that the point source sends from top to down or
The behind for pointing to screen is incided from below to up.
6. projection screen is pointed at a kind of ultraphotic angle containing nanometer grating dot structure according to claim 5, and its feature exists
In after pointing to screen described in the point source diffused illumination, by the nanometer in the pixel of various visual angles composograph and sensing screen
Grating pixel correspondence, after the propagation of space length, forms the outgoing light field of different points of view, and multiple views light field forms ultraphotic
7. projection screen is pointed at a kind of ultraphotic angle containing nanometer grating dot structure according to claim 5, and its feature exists
In three monochromes are red, green and blue.
8. projection screen, its feature are pointed in a kind of ultraphotic angle containing nanometer grating dot structure according to claim 4 or 6
It is that the described three monochromatic incident angles of point source meet optical grating diffraction equation with the relation of wavelength.
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| CN110727115A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-01-24 | 华东交通大学 | Super-multi-viewpoint near-to-eye display device based on diffractive optics |
| CN110869834A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2020-03-06 | 伊奎蒂公司 | Fixed focus image light guide with zoned diffraction grating |
| CN111175975A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-19 | 华东交通大学 | Near-to-eye display device for realizing large focal depth imaging |
| CN114167620A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-11 | 苏州大学 | Naked eye 3D display device |
| CN114167621A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-11 | 苏州大学 | Naked eye 3D display device |
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