CN106546196B - A kind of optical axis real-time calibration method and system - Google Patents
A kind of optical axis real-time calibration method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106546196B CN106546196B CN201610892859.7A CN201610892859A CN106546196B CN 106546196 B CN106546196 B CN 106546196B CN 201610892859 A CN201610892859 A CN 201610892859A CN 106546196 B CN106546196 B CN 106546196B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B11/27—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes
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Abstract
The present invention, which discloses a kind of optical axis real-time calibration method and system, method, to be included:Step A, collecting device is initialized;Step B, the piece image of target sheet is obtained, includes square and rectangle pattern on the target sheet;Step C, space conversion is carried out to described image;Step D, binary conversion treatment is carried out to described image;Step E, the square and rectangle pattern in the image after acquisition processing;Step F, the centre coordinate of square pattern and the center abscissa of rectangle pattern are counted;Step G, offset angle and vertical off setting angle are calculated according to the center abscissa of the centre coordinate of the square pattern and rectangle pattern;Step H, real time calibration is carried out according to the offset angle and vertical off setting angle.The present invention is analyzed by target sheet, and using pattern algorithm real-time image acquisition, is obtained the horizontal and vertical deviation angle of optical axis, is drastically increased the uniformity of production efficiency and the system optical axis of product.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to imaging system field, more particularly to a kind of optical axis real-time calibration method and system.
Background technology
In the prior art, the Laser emission mirror in optical system is arranged on the angle of pitch and azimuth and accurate adjustment and can locked
Adjustment mechanism on;Received in Laser emission mirror and signal and retroreflection microscope group is set on the outside of optical element, in field stop with
After outside between microscope group, lighting source is set.Using the rear reflection characteristic of prism of corner cube in retroreflection microscope group, successively in generation
Table laser signal receives the field stop center of optical axis, the laser far field facula position for representing Laser emission optical axis is imaged onto
For in the CCD camera of detecting target image.Laser emission mirror is adjusted, makes described two positions overlap in CCD camera
Into optical axis calibrator.Because conventional calibration method all completes the calibration of a product using aids such as machinery, laser, and will
Operating personnel are asked by visually to estimate the departure degree of optical axis, cause production efficiency low, Product Precision is not high, uniformity
Difference.
Therefore, prior art has yet to be improved and developed.
The content of the invention
In view of above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of optical axis real-time calibration method and are
System, it is intended to solve the problems such as existing calibration method efficiency is low, precision is not high, uniformity is poor.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of optical axis real-time calibration method, wherein, including:
Step A, collecting device is initialized;
Step B, the piece image of target sheet is obtained, includes square and rectangle pattern on the target sheet;
Step C, space conversion is carried out to described image;
Step D, binary conversion treatment is carried out to described image;
Step E, the square and rectangle pattern in the image after acquisition processing;
Step F, the centre coordinate of square pattern and the center abscissa of rectangle pattern are counted;
Step G, level is calculated according to the center abscissa of the centre coordinate of the square pattern and rectangle pattern
Deviation angle and vertical off setting angle;
Step H, real time calibration is carried out according to the offset angle and vertical off setting angle.
Described optical axis real-time calibration method, wherein, the step G is specifically included:
G1, horizontal deviation angle is calculated as follows out:
(p2.x-p1.x)/2=(p1.x-pstarndard.x)/angx, wherein, pstandard.x is standard
The abscissa of point,(P1.x, p1.y)For the centre coordinate of square, p2.x is rectangular center abscissa;
G2, vertical off setting angle is calculated as follows out:
(p2.x-p1.x)/2=(p1.y-pstarndard.y)/angy, wherein, pstandard.y is standard point
Ordinate.
Described optical axis real-time calibration method, wherein, the step D is specifically included:
D1, medium filtering first is carried out to image;
D2, binary conversion treatment is carried out to image again.
Described optical axis real-time calibration method, wherein, the step E is specifically included:
The profile of the closed pattern in image after E1, acquisition binary conversion treatment;
E2, the ratio of width to height and area threshold according to the profile, obtain square and rectangle pattern in image.
Described optical axis real-time calibration method, wherein, in the step H, meet after calibration:abs(p2.y - p1.y) <
60 and abs (p2.x-p1.x)>125 and abs (p2.x-p1.x)<145,(P1.x, p1.y)To be square
Centre coordinate,(P2.x, p2.y)For rectangular centre coordinate.
A kind of optical axis real-time calibration system, wherein, including:
Initialization module, for initializing collecting device;
Image collection module, for obtaining the piece image of target sheet, include square and rectangle pattern on the target sheet;
Space conversion module, for carrying out space conversion to described image;
Binary conversion treatment module, for carrying out binary conversion treatment to described image;
Pattern acquisition module, for the square and rectangle pattern in the image after acquisition processing;
Coordinate statistical module, for counting the centre coordinate of square pattern and the center abscissa of rectangle pattern;
Deviate computing module, for the centre coordinate according to the square pattern and the center abscissa of rectangle pattern
Calculate offset angle and vertical off setting angle;
Calibration module, for carrying out real time calibration according to the offset angle and vertical off setting angle.
Described optical axis real-time calibration system, wherein, the deviation computing module specifically includes:
Offset computing unit, for horizontal deviation angle to be calculated as follows out:
(p2.x-p1.x)/2=(p1.x-pstarndard.x)/angx, wherein, pstandard.x is standard
The abscissa of point,(P1.x, p1.y)For the centre coordinate of square, p2.x is rectangular center abscissa;
Vertical off setting computing unit, for vertical off setting angle to be calculated as follows out:
(p2.x-p1.x)/2=(p1.y-pstarndard.y)/angy, wherein, pstandard.y is standard point
Ordinate.
Described optical axis real-time calibration system, wherein, the binary conversion treatment module specifically includes:
Median filter unit, for first carrying out medium filtering to image;
Binarization unit, for carrying out binary conversion treatment to image again.
Described optical axis real-time calibration system, wherein, the pattern acquisition module specifically includes:
Profile acquiring unit, for obtaining the profile of the closed pattern in the image after binary conversion treatment;
Pattern acquiring unit, for the ratio of width to height and area threshold according to the profile, obtain square in image and
Rectangle pattern.
Described optical axis real-time calibration system, wherein, in the calibration module, meet after calibration:abs(p2.y -
p1.y) <60 and abs (p2.x-p1.x)>125 and abs (p2.x-p1.x)<145,(P1.x, p1.y)For
The centre coordinate of square,(P2.x, p2.y)For rectangular centre coordinate.
Beneficial effect:The present invention passes through target sheet(Optics target sheet), and analyzed using pattern algorithm real-time image acquisition,
The horizontal and vertical deviation angle of optical axis is obtained, precision can reach 0.05 degree.Drastically increase the light of production efficiency and product
Learn the uniformity of systematic optical axis.The calibration method precision of the present invention is high, simple to operate, and not against external auxiliary device, uses
It is convenient.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of optical axis real-time calibration method preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the image after binary conversion treatment in the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of optical axis real-time calibration method and system, to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and effect
Clearer, clear and definite, the present invention is described in more detail below.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only
To explain the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of optical axis real-time calibration method preferred embodiment of the present invention, as illustrated,
It includes:
Step S1, collecting device is initialized;
Step S2, the piece image of target sheet is obtained, includes square and rectangle pattern on the target sheet;
Step S3, space conversion is carried out to described image;
Step S4, binary conversion treatment is carried out to described image;
Step S5, the square and rectangle pattern in the image after acquisition processing;
Step S6, the centre coordinate of square pattern and the center abscissa of rectangle pattern are counted;
Step S7, level is calculated according to the center abscissa of the centre coordinate of the square pattern and rectangle pattern
Deviation angle and vertical off setting angle;
Step S8, real time calibration is carried out according to the offset angle and vertical off setting angle.
The present invention provides a set of tool calibrated and optics chart with a scale figure(That is optics target sheet, the present invention
Claim target sheet), the target sheet include one be used for identify center square pattern and one with this center deviation certain angle
Rectangle pattern, the pattern of other convenient identifications is may also set up certainly.Present invention identify that the square of central area, and return
This square centre coordinate, and the center abscissa with the rectangle of this center deviation special angle, unit are pixel.Assuming that
It is 2 degree of deviation angle, the pixel being then back to is 60.If present invention identify that centre coordinate and standard coordinate level partially
It is 30 from value(Pixel), then offset angle is exactly 1 degree.
Specifically, in the step S1, collecting device can be the video frequency collection card of a usb3.0 interface, and this is regarded
Frequency capture card provides the driver under windows environment, and VFW frameworks are called on upper strata(Video generates framework)API, i.e.,
The initialization of video frequency collection card can be completed and start the work of IMAQ.
In the step S2, a buffering is opened up in a program, the API for calling OpenCV to provide, such as
The grab interfaces of VideoCapture classes, or VideoCapture& operator>> (CV_OUT Mat& image);
Image can be got, the image got in the present embodiment is the Channel Colors of BGR888 3 of the sizes of 640 * 480
Image.
In the step S3, image space conversion is exactly that coloured image is changed into the single channel image of single color, example
As the present embodiment by the Channel Color images of BGR888 3, can be transformed into the single channel image of single color.The formula of conversion is as follows
Gray=0.299f * B+0.587f*G+0.114f*R, gray are gray value, so can obtain gray scale
Figure.
In the step S4, it is specifically included:
S41, medium filtering first is carried out to image;
S42, binary conversion treatment is carried out to image again.
Specifically, median filter process first is carried out to gray-scale map, such as first does the medium filtering of one 3 × 3.Progress in
Value filtering processing is to reduce noise, can also use mean filter to handle certainly, but it can retain more than mean filter
Details.After median filter process, binary conversion treatment can be carried out, binary conversion treatment is by the gray value of the pixel on image
0 or 255 is arranged to, that is, whole image is showed into obvious black and white effect.
In the step S5, it is specifically included:
The profile of the closed pattern in image after S51, acquisition binary conversion treatment;
S52, the ratio of width to height and area threshold according to the profile, obtain square and rectangle pattern in image.
Specifically, first find out the profile of each high brightness closed pattern from the later image of binaryzation, this profile by
The x that number differs, y coordinate pair are enough at least 3 coordinate pairs, to form closed pattern.Rectangle(Including square and length
It is square)Profile have individual feature, if with the width of profile be multiplied by height obtain the area of this profile boundary rectangle, with this face
Product subtracts the area of profile encirclement, then its difference can very little, if profile parcel is an irregular pattern, this difference
Can be bigger.So according to the ratio of width to height and area threshold of profile, square and the rectangle pattern, such as Fig. 2 in image are obtained
It is shown.Described area threshold refers to that the width of profile is multiplied by the upper limit that the value that height obtains subtracts the area of profile encirclement, i.e.,
The width of profile, which is multiplied by the obtained value of height and subtracts the area of profile encirclement, to be needed to be less than or equal to the area threshold, can just be sentenced
The fixed profile is square or rectangular.In addition, the profile should have certain size, such as the width of profile and height should
At least 100 pixels, and be at most 1500 pixels.In the present invention, heart position is square pattern in the picture, and side has
There is a rectangle pattern, rectangle pattern is vertical bar shape.
In the step S6, the centre coordinate of square and rectangular center abscissa are counted;According to aforesaid profile
Position, can calculate square centre coordinate(P1.x, p1.y)With rectangular centre coordinate(P2.x, p2.y), its
Middle p2.x is rectangular center abscissa.
In the step S7, it is specifically included:
S71, horizontal deviation angle is calculated as follows out:
(p2.x-p1.x)/2=(p1.x-pstarndard.x)/angx, wherein, pstandard.x is standard
The abscissa of point;Wherein, angx is the offset number of degrees that will be shown, that is, wants the offset degree asked for
Number, deviateing the number of degrees vertically in addition can be indicated with angy.Standard point therein is the product calibrated by traditional optical,
After IMAQ, the square center coordinate that gets, this coordinate can be by software records into file, and software starts
Afterwards, this coordinate value can be read.
S72, vertical off setting angle is calculated as follows out:
(p2.x-p1.x)/2=(p1.y-pstarndard.y)/angy, wherein, pstandard.y is standard point
Ordinate.
In the step S8, learnt by the image debugging result at scene, the rectangle of vertical bar and central square
Coordinate must is fulfilled for following condition:
abs(p2.y - p1.y) <60 and abs (p2.x-p1.x)>125 and abs (p2.x-p1.x)
<145;Unit is pixel in above-mentioned formula, and image size is 640*480.
Wherein,(P1.x, p1.y)For square centre coordinate,(P2.x, p2.y)For rectangular centre coordinate.According to
This condition, can obtain the high coordinate value of accuracy, the centre coordinate of the big vertical bar rectangle on central square and side.
Illustrate, it is assumed that L be picture centre square A central point to the elongated rectangle B in side center line it
Between distance, L calculation formula is, wherein=2, r=8.7m, L=0.30368728m is thus calculated, such as
This decile of distance 20 is drawn high scale line by fruit, then the precision that visually reading to get is 0.1 degree, passes through algorithm
Image is analyzed, the corresponding number of pixels of L in the graphic is 135, but during actual production, the bounce amplitude of pixel is 4
It is individual, then scaled next precision is 0.05 degree.By way of visually reading and recording, manual setting product during this period
Optical axis, probably need that a product could be handled within 4 minutes, and after using the method for the present invention, one can be handled within about 1 minute
Platform, and the pressure of worker is substantially reduced.Worker only needs manual setting optical axis to be changed into until the square central point recognized
Blue dot, then scans bar code, and information can record automatically.
The present invention also provides a kind of optical axis real-time calibration system, and it includes:
Initialization module, for initializing collecting device;
Image collection module, for obtaining the piece image of target sheet, include square and rectangle pattern on the target sheet;
Space conversion module, for carrying out space conversion to described image;
Binary conversion treatment module, for carrying out binary conversion treatment to described image;
Pattern acquisition module, for the square and rectangle pattern in the image after acquisition processing;
Coordinate statistical module, for counting the centre coordinate of square pattern and the center abscissa of rectangle pattern;
Deviate computing module, for the centre coordinate according to the square pattern and the center abscissa of rectangle pattern
Calculate offset angle and vertical off setting angle;
Calibration module, for carrying out real time calibration according to the offset angle and vertical off setting angle.
Further, the deviation computing module specifically includes:
Offset computing unit, for horizontal deviation angle to be calculated as follows out:
(p2.x-p1.x)/2=(p1.x-pstarndard.x)/angx, wherein, pstandard.x is standard
The abscissa of point,(P1.x, p1.y)For the centre coordinate of square, p2.x is rectangular center abscissa;
Vertical off setting computing unit, for vertical off setting angle to be calculated as follows out:
(p2.x-p1.x)/2=(p1.y-pstarndard.y)/angy, wherein, pstandard.y is standard point
Ordinate.
Further, the binary conversion treatment module specifically includes:
Median filter unit, for first carrying out medium filtering to image;
Binarization unit, for carrying out binary conversion treatment to image again.
Further, the pattern acquisition module specifically includes:
Profile acquiring unit, for obtaining the profile of the closed pattern in the image after binary conversion treatment;
Pattern acquiring unit, for the ratio of width to height and area threshold according to the profile, obtain square in image and
Rectangle pattern.
Further, in the calibration module, meet after calibration:abs(p2.y - p1.y) <60 and abs (p2.x-
p1.x) >125 and abs (p2.x-p1.x)<145,(P1.x, p1.y)For square centre coordinate,(P2.x,
p2.y)For rectangular centre coordinate.
Ins and outs on above-mentioned modular unit have been described in detail in method above, therefore are repeated no more.
In summary, the present invention passes through target sheet(Optics target sheet), and analyzed using pattern algorithm real-time image acquisition,
The horizontal and vertical deviation angle of optical axis is obtained, precision can reach 0.05 degree.Drastically increase the light of production efficiency and product
Learn the uniformity of systematic optical axis.
It should be appreciated that the application of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned citing, for those of ordinary skills, can
To be improved or converted according to the above description, all these modifications and variations should all belong to the guarantor of appended claims of the present invention
Protect scope.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. optical axis real-time calibration method, it is characterised in that including:Step A, collecting device is initialized;Step B, the piece image of target sheet is obtained, includes square and rectangle pattern on the target sheet;Step C, space conversion is carried out to described image;Step D, binary conversion treatment is carried out to described image;Step E, the square and rectangle pattern in the image after acquisition processing;Step F, the centre coordinate of square pattern and the center abscissa of rectangle pattern are counted;Step G, offset is calculated according to the center abscissa of the centre coordinate of the square pattern and rectangle pattern Angle and vertical off setting angle;Step H, real time calibration is carried out according to the offset angle and vertical off setting angle.
- 2. optical axis real-time calibration method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step G is specifically included:G1, horizontal deviation angle is calculated as follows out:(p2.x-p1.x)/2=(p1.x-pstarndard.x)/angx, wherein, pstandard.x is standard point Abscissa,(P1.x, p1.y)For the centre coordinate of square, p2.x is rectangular center abscissa, and angx is offset The number of degrees;G2, vertical off setting angle is calculated as follows out:(p2.x-p1.x)/2=(p1.y-pstarndard.y)/angy, wherein, pstandard.y is the vertical of standard point Coordinate, angy deviate the number of degrees to be vertical.
- 3. optical axis real-time calibration method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step D is specifically included:D1, medium filtering first is carried out to image;D2, binary conversion treatment is carried out to image again.
- 4. optical axis real-time calibration method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step E is specifically included:The profile of the closed pattern in image after E1, acquisition binary conversion treatment;E2, the ratio of width to height and area threshold according to the profile, obtain square and rectangle pattern in image.
- 5. optical axis real-time calibration method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step H, meet after calibration: abs(p2.y - p1.y) <60 and abs (p2.x-p1.x)>125 and abs (p2.x-p1.x)<145, (P1.x, p1.y)For square centre coordinate,(P2.x, p2.y)For rectangular centre coordinate.
- A kind of 6. optical axis real-time calibration system, it is characterised in that including:Initialization module, for initializing collecting device;Image collection module, for obtaining the piece image of target sheet, include square and rectangle pattern on the target sheet;Space conversion module, for carrying out space conversion to described image;Binary conversion treatment module, for carrying out binary conversion treatment to described image;Pattern acquisition module, for the square and rectangle pattern in the image after acquisition processing;Coordinate statistical module, for counting the centre coordinate of square pattern and the center abscissa of rectangle pattern;Deviate computing module, the center abscissa for the centre coordinate according to the square pattern and rectangle pattern calculates Go out horizontal deviation angle and vertical off setting angle;Calibration module, for carrying out real time calibration according to the offset angle and vertical off setting angle.
- 7. optical axis real-time calibration system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the deviation computing module specifically wraps Include:Offset computing unit, for horizontal deviation angle to be calculated as follows out:(p2.x-p1.x)/2=(p1.x-pstarndard.x)/angx, wherein, pstandard.x is standard point Abscissa,(P1.x, p1.y)For the centre coordinate of square, p2.x is rectangular center abscissa, and angx is offset The number of degrees;Vertical off setting computing unit, for vertical off setting angle to be calculated as follows out:(p2.x-p1.x)/2=(p1.y-pstarndard.y)/angy, wherein, pstandard.y is the vertical of standard point Coordinate, angy deviate the number of degrees to be vertical.
- 8. optical axis real-time calibration system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the binary conversion treatment module is specifically wrapped Include:Median filter unit, for first carrying out medium filtering to image;Binarization unit, for carrying out binary conversion treatment to image again.
- 9. optical axis real-time calibration system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the pattern acquisition module specifically wraps Include:Profile acquiring unit, for obtaining the profile of the closed pattern in the image after binary conversion treatment;Pattern acquiring unit, for the ratio of width to height and area threshold according to the profile, obtain square and rectangular in image Shape pattern.
- 10. optical axis real-time calibration system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that full after calibration in the calibration module Foot:abs(p2.y - p1.y) <60 and abs (p2.x-p1.x)>125 and abs (p2.x-p1.x)<145, (P1.x, p1.y)For square centre coordinate,(P2.x, p2.y)For rectangular centre coordinate.
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CN111174732A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2020-05-19 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Method and device for detecting perpendicularity of optical axis of industrial measurement camera |
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