CN106478745B - A kind of formaldehyde-free aqueous crosslinking agent and preparation method thereof and finishing technique to fabric - Google Patents

A kind of formaldehyde-free aqueous crosslinking agent and preparation method thereof and finishing technique to fabric Download PDF

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CN106478745B
CN106478745B CN201610899567.6A CN201610899567A CN106478745B CN 106478745 B CN106478745 B CN 106478745B CN 201610899567 A CN201610899567 A CN 201610899567A CN 106478745 B CN106478745 B CN 106478745B
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高介平
高辛格
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    • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H9/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing at least two hetero atoms with a saccharide radical
    • C07H9/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing at least two hetero atoms with a saccharide radical the hetero ring containing only oxygen as ring hetero atoms
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    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
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    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/224—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic acid
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/13—Alginic acid or derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/227—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of hydrocarbons, or reaction products thereof, e.g. afterhalogenated or sulfochlorinated
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    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/564—Polyureas, polyurethanes or other polymers having ureide or urethane links; Precondensation products forming them
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    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
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    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
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    • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
    • D06M2200/20—Treatment influencing the crease behaviour, the wrinkle resistance, the crease recovery or the ironing ease

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Abstract

The invention belongs to formaldehydeless shrinkproof, crease-resistant, the non-ironing technical field of crosslinking of cellulosic fabric, in particular to a kind of formaldehyde-free aqueous crosslinking agent and preparation method thereof and the finishing technique to fabric.Pass through two kinds of new water cross-linking agents, and selecting water-soluble multi-carboxylate is crosslinking catalyst, divide two steps to cellulosic fabric processing, cellulosic fabric formaldehyde-free durable-press finishing technology is set to reach a new height, i.e. while the strength of fabric is injury-free, shrinkproof, crease-resistant, the noniron finish performance of high-grade formaldehydeless crosslinking is obtained, especially the wet recovery angle of cellulosic fabric is significantly improved after treatment.

Description

A kind of formaldehyde-free aqueous crosslinking agent and preparation method thereof and finishing technique to fabric
Technical field
The invention belongs to formaldehydeless shrinkproof, crease-resistant, the non-ironing technical field of crosslinking of cellulosic fabric, in particular to a kind of no first Aldehyde water cross-linking agent and preparation method thereof and finishing technique to fabric.
Background technique
Cellulose (cotton, fiber crops, viscose glue, Modal, tencel) material production textile (clothes, home textile etc.) have pro-skin, The excellent comfort properties such as moisture absorption is ventilative, are favored, but can generate the rulers such as shrink, corrugation, deformation after washing by the majority of consumers How very little unstable phenomenon makes such textile dimensionally stable for a long time, constantly meets what the majority of consumers were constantly promoted It is required that being textile industry key subjects of interest.
The glyoxal in textile industry and its each analog derivative are as formaldehyde-free durable-press finishing crosslinking agent processing cellulose at present Following Railway Project is mainly faced when fabric: fabric xanthochromia is serious, finishing effect is undesirable, strength declines seriously.
The main reason for xanthochromia is due to glyoxal after the crosslinking of the hydroxyl of its each analog derivative and cellulose, and meeting remaining is a large amount of Hemiacetal hydroxyl, when high-temperature heat treatment before washing can occur dehydration and generate unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond or hydroxyl occurs Oxidation, to become flaxen compound.
And undesirable decline with strength of finishing effect is seriously that a pair is difficult to the contradiction taken into account always: because crosslinking is anti-at present The catalyst that should be used is hydrochloric acid (HCl), the MgCl of higher concentration2·6H2O (magnesium chloride hexahydrate), (NH4)2HPO4(phosphoric acid hydrogen two Ammonium), NH4NO3The acid such as (ammonium nitrate) Lewis (lewis acid), the pH value of finish solution is generally less than 4, in the highly acid item Cellulose macromolecule chain is easy to inhale acid and fracture of degrading under part, causes cellulosic fabric drop strong serious；And in order to control strength not Excessive descent, reducing additive amount can make cross-linking reaction insufficient again, and non-ironing effect is poor, hemiacetal remaining hydroxyl groups are more, finishing effect It is undesirable.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides firstly a kind of formaldehyde-free aqueous crosslinking agent to solve above-mentioned technical problem, is denoted as cross-linking agents Ⅰ, at Divide and includes
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation processes of above-mentioned cross-linking agents Ⅰ:
After polyhydroxy aldehydes monosaccharide is dissolved in glyoxal solution, acid catalyst distillation dehydration is first added, hemiacetal occurs Change reaction, adding polyalcohol continuation distillation dehydration makes the aldehyde radical acetalation of polyalcohol Yu polyhydroxy aldehydes monosaccharide, finally neutralizes Acid catalyst and cooling (villaumite for generating neutralization reaction) crystallization, filter, obtain the mixing with acetal and hemiacetal structure Object, that is, formaldehyde-less crosslinker I,
Wherein, polyhydroxy aldehydes monosaccharide is fisher's formula glucose,
Acid catalyst is hydrochloric acid, and acid catalyst is neutralized after reaction and uses sodium hydroxide,
Polyalcohol is ethylene glycol, glycerine, diethylene glycol etc.,
The specific reaction equation of above-mentioned I preparation method of formaldehyde-less crosslinker is following (polyalcohol selection ethylene glycol):
In above-mentioned reaction, the interpenetrating between ring and ring can be formed during aldehyde radical acetalation cyclization in glucose structure (two Molecule interpenetration structures of such as above-mentioned reaction product) are conducive to increase elasticity；And since glucose hydroxyl is that have fixed point Mode for cloth, between other ring structures of above-mentioned product due to steric hindrance is larger, occur interpenetrating a possibility that very little, Therefore products therefrom is main or based on above two ingredient, and in product, and the ingredient of interpenetrating does not occur and interpenetrating occurs Mass ratio is 80~85:15~20 between ingredient.
The present invention provides another water cross-linking agents, are denoted as crosslinking agent II, the molecular structural formula of the crosslinking agent II are as follows:
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of above-mentioned crosslinking agent II:
(1) 2,4- diamino benzene sulfonic acid sodium and sodium hydroxide are dissolved in water, and three polychlorostyrene piperazines is added to react to system in saturating Bright shape,
Wherein, the preferred 1:2:2 of dosage molar ratio of 2,4- diamino benzene sulfonic acid sodium, sodium hydroxide, three polychlorostyrene piperazines,
Reaction temperature control after three polychlorostyrene piperazines are added is 20 DEG C -40 DEG C,
After reaction, the molecular structural formula of intermediate product generated in system are as follows:
(2) sodium hydroxide is added into step (1) resulting system, acidum nicotinicum reacts transparent again to system Shape, adjustment system is neutrality, obtains crosslinking agent II,
Wherein, the molar ratio of intermediate product in sodium hydroxide, acidum nicotinicum and step (1) the resulting system being added For 4:2:1,
Using the pH value of buffer solution regulation system, resulting crosslinking agent II can keep for a long time steady at 50 DEG C or less for 7 to 8 It is fixed.
The present invention provides the finishing techniques of a kind of pair of fabric:
Organic polycarboxylic acid soluble ester is added in the aqueous solution of crosslinking agent as crosslinking catalyst, to cellulosic fabric Processing is padded, then bakes to fabric the moisture content for keeping 5%-8% under the conditions of low temperature (75 DEG C -85 DEG C), then in room temperature It is banked up 1-5 hours under (25 DEG C -35 DEG C) with plastic foil cladding, finally washing, 160 DEG C of -170 DEG C of drying can make cellulosic fabric Good shrinkproof, crease-resistant, ironing-free performance is obtained,
Wherein, crosslinking agent is above-mentioned cross-linking agents Ⅰ, and cross-linking agents Ⅰ and organic polycarboxylic acid soluble ester crosslinking catalyst Dosage mass ratio be 4~8:1,
Above-mentioned organic polycarboxylic acid soluble ester is as synthesized by water-soluble polyol and polybasic carboxylic acid, wherein water-soluble polynary Alcohol is the combination of one or more of ethylene glycol, glycerine, diethylene glycol, and polybasic carboxylic acid is citric acid, ethanedioic acid, the third two The combination of one or more of acid, succinic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, butane tetracarboxylic acid,
The organic polycarboxylic acid soluble ester can with water with arbitrary proportion it is miscible after be in homogeneous transparent solution, and resulting matter The pH value for the aqueous solution that amount concentration is 1%-2% can be stablized in 5-7, so that it is guaranteed that cellulosic fabric is padding cross-linking agents Ⅰ and is being somebody's turn to do When crosslinking catalyst and fabric is in subsequent 75 DEG C of -85 DEG C of heat treatment, and the pH value in fabric is consistently greater than 5, knits cellulose The strength damage of object is smaller；And since the hydroxyl activity on crosslinking catalyst is far below the hemiacetal hydroxyl on cross-linking agents Ⅰ, Itself is not involved in etherification reaction substantially,
In addition, the concentration of above-mentioned cross-linking agents Ⅰ in aqueous solution is 50g/L-300g/L.
The present invention also provides a kind of above-mentioned crosslinking agents II to the finishing technique of fabric:
Oxidized polyethylene wax emulsion, polyaminoester emulsion is added in the aqueous solution of crosslinking agent II, containing amino and polyether-based Organosiloxane lotion, antishifting agent are simultaneously uniformly mixed, by blank or by above-mentioned cross-linking agents Ⅰ treated cellulosic fabric It is padded in the mixed liquor, then 95 DEG C × 30 seconds preliminary dryings is carried out to fabric, are baked within 170 DEG C × 90 seconds, sufficiently 160 after washing DEG C of -170 DEG C drying can make cellulosic fabric obtain more excellent shrinkproof, crease-resistant, ironing-free performance, and cellulosic fabric Strength can be promoted effectively,
Wherein, the concentration of crosslinking agent II in aqueous solution is 50g/L-250g/L,
In addition, oxidized polyethylene wax emulsion, polyaminoester emulsion, the organosiloxane lotion containing amino and polyether-based, anti-swimming The solid content for moving agent (also known as " migration inhibitor ") is followed successively by 20%, 30%, 30%, 3%,
Wherein, antishifting agent is selected from sodium alginate.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
By two kinds of new water cross-linking agents in the present invention, and selecting water-soluble multi-carboxylate is crosslinking catalyst, point Two steps make cellulosic fabric formaldehyde-free durable-press finishing technology reach a new height, i.e., in fabric cellulosic fabric processing Strength it is injury-free while, obtain shrinkproof, crease-resistant, the noniron finish performance of high-grade formaldehydeless crosslinking, especially pass through After processing cellulosic fabric wet recovery angle (although in industry there are two types of creasy recovery angles: dry recovery angle, wet recovery angle, Be it is so-called it is " non-ironing " refer to fabric washing by ironing after wet, is not needed, washing fold can restore smooth when drying again, so Judge whether there is the non-ironing data for needing to refer to wet recovery angle in industry, general wet recovery angle reaches 240 ° or more, i.e., With non-ironing function) it is significantly improved；
Cross-linking agents Ⅰ eliminates aldehyde radical, avoids during subsequent arrangement that fabric becomes caused by the generation of hemiacetal hydroxyl Yellow phenomenon, and itself is designed based on special molecular structure, is had outstanding cross-linking properties, has been activated itself and cellulose hydroxyl group (compared to the hydroxyl on this patent cross-linking agents Ⅰ, etherification reaction is much more difficult between common hydroxyl, such as two points for etherification reaction Sub- ethanol dehydration needs sulphuric acid catalysis at 145 DEG C just to can be carried out at ether) so that residual hydroxyl greatly reduces after cross-linking reaction, On the one hand cross-linking efficiency and non-ironing effect are improved, on the other hand takes and be heat-treated at (75 DEG C -85 DEG C) of lower temperature, in fabric Aqueous 5%-8% containing banking up cross-linking reaction under the conditions of wet, it is ensured that xanthochromia does not occur for fabric；
For the present invention with the soluble ester (such as ethylene glycol citric acid three ester) of polybasic carboxylic acid for catalyst, catalytic crosslinking is sufficient It controls the pH value condition of cross-linking reaction 5 or more, ensure that the strength damage of fabric is smaller；
Present invention design has synthesized water-soluble cross-linker II, by its remote crosslinking features, makes the hydroxyl of cellulose logical Cross chemical bonds oxidized polyethylene wax emulsion, polyaminoester emulsion, the organosiloxane lotion containing amino and polyether-based, anti-migration High-molecular organic material in agent makes cellulosic fabric obtain strong compensation, and further increases the elasticity of fabric, so that fabric While anti-wrinkle shrink-proof, ironing-free performance further increase, the tearing brute force of fabric also gets a promotion.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
The preparation of cross-linking agents Ⅰ:
After 180g glucose is dissolved in the technical grade glyoxal solution of 250g Solute mass fraction 40%, first it is added The concentrated hydrochloric acid catalyst of 0.8ml Solute mass fraction 36.5% is heated to reflux generation hemiacetalization reaction in 1.5 hours, then controls Temperature processed distillates part in 102 DEG C~108 DEG C distillation dehydrations to nothing；110 DEG C are to slowly warm up to after adding 62g ethylene glycol and are kept the temperature The aldehyde radical acetalation for making ethylene glycol and glucose to no distillate is eventually adding in sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid and crystallisation by cooling, mistake Filter, obtains the mixture of a variety of acetals and hemiacetal, i.e. cross-linking agents Ⅰ.
Embodiment 2
The preparation of crosslinking agent II:
(1) 2,4- diamino benzene sulfonic acid sodium and sodium hydroxide are dissolved completely in water, and three polychlorostyrene piperazines is added to react in 35 DEG C It is transparent to system,
2,4- diamino benzene sulfonic acid sodium, sodium hydroxide, three polychlorostyrene piperazines dosage molar ratio be 1:2:2；
(2) into step (1) resulting system be added sodium hydroxide, acidum nicotinicum and reacted at 47 DEG C -50 DEG C to System is transparent again, uses the pH value of neutral buffer regulation system as 7, obtains the aqueous solution of crosslinking agent II, and in 50 DEG C or less preservations,
Wherein, pure intermediate product rubs in sodium hydroxide, acidum nicotinicum and step (1) the resulting system being added You are than being 4:2:1.
The pretreatment of fabric:
Cotton fabric Jing Guo desizing, kiering, bleaching, mercerising pre-treatment is subjected to Liquid Ammonia Treatment, obtains high-count and high-density cotton mansion Silk (warp × latitude weave specification: yarn count 80s × 80s, 685 × 512/10cm of density).Room is carried out to pretreated fabric Resurgence test (the results are shown in Table one) under the conditions of temperature.
Embodiment 3
(its in the aqueous solution of the cross-linking agents Ⅰ prepared by embodiment 1 will be dipped by above-mentioned pretreated cotton poplin cloth In, cross-linking agents Ⅰ 80g/L, catalyst glycol citric acid three ester 15g/L, pH value 6), pick-up 78% dries at 85 DEG C Make the moisture percentage 7% of fabric at this time within dry 60 seconds, is then banked up 3 hours at 30 DEG C with plastic foil cladding, last sufficiently washing And dried in 160 DEG C,
Repeatedly to solution, the cloth cover when dipping in experimentation, cloth cover in 85 DEG C of drying courses, cloth cover when banking up, And cloth cover when final 160 DEG C of drying is detected, and measures pH value all within the scope of 6-7, sampling room temperature condition after cooling (the results are shown in Table one) is tested in lower resurgence.
Embodiment 4
Cotton poplin cloth Jing Guo 3 crosslinking Treatment of embodiment is dipped to the aqueous solution of the crosslinking agent II prepared by embodiment 2 In (wherein, II 100g/L of crosslinking agent, the oxidized polyethylene wax emulsion 20g/L of solid content 20%, solid content 30% polyurethane cream Liquid 15g/L, the organosiloxane lotion 20g/L containing amino and polyether-based of solid content 30%, the sodium alginate of solid content 3% are anti- Migration agent
2g/L), pick-up 75%, enter back into multistage continuous baking oven carry out 95 DEG C × 30 seconds preliminary drying and 170 DEG C × 90 seconds Bake, then sufficiently wash and dried at 160 DEG C, sampling after cooling under room temperature resurgence test (the results are shown in Table One).
Comparative example 1
Catalyst " ethylene glycol citric acid three ester " in embodiment 3 is replaced with to the acetic acid of 3 times of molal quantitys, remaining operation is not Become.
It gets damp again under room temperature to fabric after processing test (the results are shown in Table one).
Table 1
(note: due to use absorption photometry detection content of formaldehyde lower limit for 20ppm, so the world respectively detect tissue with The correlation standard of formulation, textile of the content of formaldehyde lower than 20ppm belong to formaldehydeless class textile)

Claims (4)

1. a kind of water cross-linking agent is denoted as crosslinking agent II, it is characterised in that: the molecular structural formula of the crosslinking agent II is
2. a kind of preparation method of water cross-linking agent as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the preparation method is,
(1) 2,4- diamino benzene sulfonic acid sodium and sodium hydroxide are dissolved in water, and add three polychlorostyrene piperazines to react to system and is transparent；
(2) sodium hydroxide is added into step (1) resulting system, acidum nicotinicum is reacted to system and is transparent again, tune Whole system is neutrality, obtains crosslinking agent II.
3. it is a kind of based on water cross-linking agent described in claim 1 to the finishing technique of fabric, it is characterised in that: the arrangement Technique includes,
Oxidized polyethylene wax emulsion, polyaminoester emulsion, organic containing amino and polyether-based is added in the aqueous solution of crosslinking agent II Silicone emulsion, antishifting agent are simultaneously uniformly mixed, and blank or after arranging cellulosic fabric is padded in the mixed liquor In, then preliminary drying, baking, sufficiently washing, drying are carried out to fabric.
4. water cross-linking agent as claimed in claim 3 is to the finishing technique of fabric, it is characterised in that: described after arranging The finishing technique of cellulosic fabric include,
Organic polycarboxylic acid soluble ester is added in the aqueous solution of crosslinking agent as crosslinking catalyst, to cellulosic fabric in upper It states and carries out padding processing in aqueous solution, then bake under cryogenic, then bank up at normal temperature, finally wash, dry.
CN201610899567.6A 2016-10-14 2016-10-14 A kind of formaldehyde-free aqueous crosslinking agent and preparation method thereof and finishing technique to fabric Expired - Fee Related CN106478745B (en)

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