CN106453580A - 6LoWPAN protocol based real-time IoT (Internet of Things) environment monitoring system - Google Patents
6LoWPAN protocol based real-time IoT (Internet of Things) environment monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a 6LoWPAN protocol based real-time IoT environment monitoring system. The system comprises an environment parameter collection unit positioned in a monitoring center, embedded gateways, a monitoring server and terminal equipment; the environment parameter collection unit monitors regional environment parameters and collect and transmits pictures; each embedded gateway comprises a GPRS transmission module, a 6LoWPAN coordinator and a compressing module, the 6LoWPAN coordinate distributes IPv6 addresses to sensors automatically and gathers data and pictures form collection terminals, the compressing module compresses the received data and pictures and transmits the compressed data and pictures to the GPRS transmission module, and the GPRS transmission module sends the compressed data and pictures to the monitoring server; and the monitoring server decodes, analyzes and stores received data packets, emits an early warning signal when determining that the data exceeds a preset danger value, and sends an early-warning message to the terminal equipment via the embedded gateways.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to enterprise's production safety monitoring technology field is and in particular to a kind of Internet of Things based on 6LoWPAN agreement
Net environment real time monitoring system.
Background technology
In recent years, the deepening continuously in enterprise's production with technology of Internet of things, Internet of Things is extensively applied to look forward to
Industry production safety monitoring field, the enterprise's production monitoring scheme based on technology of Internet of things gets more and more, most solution
It is all to adopt C/S model, is difficult to extend, and client has to install special client software, safeguard and upgrade cost is high,
Once modifying to system or upgrading, every client computer needs to reinstall upgrading.Although some use B/S pattern,
It is all the constrained devices with the features such as low cost, lightweight in view of equipment most in Internet of Things, for these constrained devices
For, http protocol is excessively complicated, and expense is excessive.In addition, most monitoring system adopts Zigbee network at present
Enter row data communication, the transmission range of Zigbee network is subject to certain restrictions, and so far Zigbee network is not made
Fixed unified standard, is not suitable for extending other application on existing system.
Content of the invention
The invention aims to solve drawbacks described above of the prior art, provide a kind of based on 6LoWPAN agreement
Environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system.
The purpose of the present invention can be reached by adopting the following technical scheme that：
A kind of environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system based on 6LoWPAN agreement, including the environment ginseng positioned at Surveillance center
Counting collection unit, some embedded gateways, monitoring server and some terminal units,
Wherein, described ambient parameter collecting unit includes multiple acquisition terminal modules, each acquisition terminal module comprise to
The sensor of few one and video monitoring equipment, described sensor and described video monitoring equipment obtain monitor area parameter and
Image；
Described embedded gateway, including GPRS delivery module, 6LoWPAN coordinator and compressing processing module, described
6LoWPAN coordinator is that each sensor distributes IPv6 address first automatically, and converges the number that described acquisition terminal module sends
According to and picture, described compressing processing module to receive data and picture be compressed process after send to described GPRS transmit mould
Block, described GPRS delivery module is sent to monitoring server by GPRS network；
Described monitoring server, is decoded to the packet receiving processing, analyzes, stores, judge that data is more than danger
Send early warning signal during preset value, notify described embedded gateway to send early warning note to described terminal unit.
Further, described compressing processing module is compressed processing using libjpeg storehouse to the data receiving and picture,
Wherein, described libjpeg storehouse is the storehouse for jpeg picture format decompression and compression.
Further, described ambient parameter collecting unit is communicated using 6LoWPAN radio sensing network.
Further, described ambient parameter collecting unit enters row data communication by CoAP agreement.
Further, described sensor adopts digital sensor, is set to temperature sensor, humidity sensor according to demand
Device, Smoke Sensor, LPG gas sensor, CO concentration sensor, NH4 concentration sensor, aldehyde ketone alcohols gas sensor
And/or CO2 sensor.
Further, described sensor runs CoAP Client, described CoAP Client will pass using CoAP agreement
Sensor object is abstract, and each resource corresponds to a unique resource identifier for resource, and described resource identifier includes：Sensor
Model, sensor type, sensing data and sensor states, by GET, POST, PUT, DELETE method come to resource mark
Know symbol to be operated accordingly.
Further, using the mesh V2000 video frequency pick-up head with OV511 chip, it leads to described video monitoring equipment
Cross USB interface to be connected with described embedded gateway, described embedded gateway adjusts USB using Video4Linux2 programming framework and takes the photograph
As head carries out the seizure of image.
Further, described ambient parameter collecting unit is uploaded to the CoAP protocol data of described 6LoWPAN coordinator
Load P ayload includes：Sensor model number, sensing data, acquisition time.
Further, described GPRS delivery module is communicated using udp protocol, and on the application layer to udp protocol report
Civilian head is redefined, and realizes that packet loss is retransmitted and incorrect order reordering mechanism is it is ensured that the reliability of udp protocol.
Further, described udp protocol heading includes：The type of data packet mark of 2 bytes, the Bao Xu of 2 bytes
Number, the Fragment Offset amount of the data package size of 2 bytes and 2 bytes, wherein said type of data packet identifies and is used for referring to
This packet is binary file type or text type, and described bag sequence number is used for data is activation and the order information receiving, institute
State data package size for detecting the loss of transmitting procedure data, it is suitable that described Fragment Offset amount is that data is divided in transmission
The fragment that should transmit, when monitoring server finds the data of loss, by the numbering of described Fragment Offset amount to described GPRS
Delivery module request retransmission.
The present invention overcomes the shortcoming and defect of prior art, provides and is supervised in real time based on the environment of internet of things of 6LoWPAN agreement
Control system, compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantage that and effect：
(1) present configuration is simple, easy to assembly.Sensor is directly connected with each other by ipv6 network, can arbitrarily expand
Exhibition sensor node, only needs 6LoWPAN coordinator automatically to new node distribution IP address, embedded gateway and the monitoring service adding
Device enters row data communication by GPRS network.Ambient parameter collecting unit enters row data communication using CoAP agreement, and data is entered
Row Resource Abstract, enterprise work personnel only just need to can obtain the information of sensor using the resource discovering function in CoAP agreement,
It is easy to develop.
(2) monitoring system real-time disclosed by the invention is high, and accurately, employee only needs to by mobile phone data transfer in strange land
Browse webpage and can carry out real-time monitoring to multiple monitoring points, in addition to real-time monitoring production environment, also historical data can be entered
Row is checked, simultaneously safe, once producing dangerous in enterprise production process, monitoring system immediately sends note to enterprise staff
Notify.
(3) present invention provides the environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system of a kind of high real-time and accuracy, energy for enterprise
Enough greatly improve enterprise production management efficiency, there is extraordinary practicality and science reference value.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system based on 6LoWPAN agreement disclosed by the invention；
Fig. 2 is the image acquisition and processing flow chart of video monitoring equipment in described monitoring system；
Fig. 3 is embedded gateway hardware structure diagram in described monitoring system；
Fig. 4 is the message format figure after CoAP agreement improvement in described monitoring system；
Fig. 5 is the protocol header structure chart of reliable transport protocol in described monitoring system.
Specific embodiment
Purpose, technical scheme and advantage for making the embodiment of the present invention are clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described it is clear that described embodiment is
The a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
The every other embodiment being obtained under the premise of not making creative work, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment
As shown in figure 1, the environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system based on 6LoWPAN agreement, mainly comprise four parts：
Positioned at the ambient parameter collecting unit of Surveillance center, including multiple acquisition terminal modules, each acquisition terminal module
Comprise sensor, the video monitoring equipment of at least one, described sensor and described video monitoring equipment obtain monitor area again
Parameter and image；
Wherein, described ambient parameter collecting unit supports the quantity extension of acquisition terminal module.
Embedded gateway, including GPRS delivery module, 6LoWPAN coordinator and compressing processing module, described 6LoWPAN association
Adjust and run 6LoWPAN agreement on device, be that each sensor distributes IPv6 address automatically, converge the data that sensor sends, described pressure
Contracting processing module passes through GPRS network by described GPRS delivery module after data and picture are compressed using libjpeg storehouse again
It is sent to described monitoring server；
Wherein, libjpeg storehouse is used exclusively for the storehouse of jpeg picture format decompression and compression.
Monitoring server, for carrying out processing, analyzing, store the data of reception, by described embedded gateway to institute
State terminal unit and send feedback pre-alert notification in time.
Terminal unit, including mobile phone, panel computer and palm equipment for surfing the net, multimedia equipment, stream media equipment, moves mutually
Networked devices (MID, mobile internet device), wearable device or other kinds of intelligent terminal, are used for
Web browser checking monitoring areas case, is simultaneously used for receiving early warning SMS notification.
In the present embodiment, ambient parameter collecting unit, is communicated using 6LoWPAN radio sensing network, is passed through
CoAP agreement enters row data communication.
In the present embodiment, sensor uses digital sensor, digital sensor compared with traditional analog sensor,
Possess very big advantage in terms of energy consumption and volume, certainty of measurement and scope can be improved.
Sensor is set to temperature sensor, humidity sensor, Smoke Sensor, liquefied petroleum gas sensing according to demand
Device, CO concentration sensor, NH4 concentration sensor, aldehyde ketone alcohols gas sensor, CO2 sensor.
CoAP Client is run on each sensor, CoAP Client using CoAP agreement by abstract for sensor object is
Resource, each resource corresponds to a unique resource identifier (Universal Resource Identifier, URI), sensing
Device data is defined as a sensor construction, including sensor model number (ID), sensor type (Type), sensing data
(Value), sensor states (Status), is grasped to resource accordingly by methods such as GET, POST, PUT, DELETE
Make.
Video monitoring equipment adopt the mesh V2000 video frequency pick-up head with OV511 chip, its pass through USB interface with
Embedded gateway connects, and embedded gateway adjusts, using Video4Linux2 programming framework, the seizure that USB camera carries out image,
Because linux system has carried the driver of OV511, therefore need not additionally mounted drive it is only necessary to incite somebody to action when compiling kernel
Video4Linux2 module and OV511 drive module load, and then arrange corresponding video format, extract in video streaming
Picture frame, forms image and carries out image acquisition, its handling process is as shown in Figure 2.
For embedded gateway, hardware configuration as shown in figure 3, ARM core select be based on Samsung S3C6410 chip,
Possess abundant interface resource, and there is low-power consumption, high performance-price ratio, high performance characteristic, be highly suitable for the neck such as security monitoring
Domain.6LoWPAN subnet in the system operates in the wireless operating frequency of 2.4G, and therefore embedded gateway is connect by UART interface
Enter 2.4G wireless module, be that each sensor of acquisition terminal module distributes IPv6 address automatically.Wireless module is assisted as 6LoWPAN
Adjust device, run CoAP Server program thereon, transport layer adopts udp protocol, application layer adopts CoAP agreement, CoAP agreement
Employ double-deck design, define with the transaction processing facility retransmitting, compensate for the unreliable transmission of UDP.
Sensor acquisition node uploaded a collection information data, the request of upload every 5 seconds to 6LoWPAN coordinator
Message is all packaged with JSON/XML form, and sensor acquisition node carries out JSON/XML layout sequence to gathered data first
Change encapsulation, the data after encapsulation is carried out byte stream serializing.CoAP request form be：POST coap://[<ip_address
>]:<port>/ resource, wherein ip_address are the IPv6 address of 6LoWPAN coordinator, and resource is sensor section
Point request coordinator is attached to request gathered data below, including sensor model number (ID), sensor type (Type), sensor
Data (Value), sensor states (Status).
In further implementation process, because gathered data is through JSON/XML layout sequence, when data is passed through
When CoAP agreement is uploaded to 6LoWPAN coordinator, 6LoWPAN coordinator needs successively load P ayload of CoAP message to be entered
The unserializing of row byte stream and the parsing of JSON/XML form, this process can increase sensor and the resource of coordinator disappears
Consumption.Therefore CoAP message format is optimized, the CoAP message format after improvement is as shown in figure 4, the load of CoAP message
Payload is split as sensor main gathered data sensor model number (ID), sensing data (Value), acquisition time
(Date), sensor acquisition node, when uploading data to coordinator, only needs directly to carry out byte stream serializing to data and give up
Abandon the serializing encapsulation process that in original CoAP message, data is carried out with JSON/XML form, coordinator receives data
Afterwards, as long as data is carried out with the unserializing of byte stream, reduce the consumption of resource on sensor and coordinator, extension device
Life cycle.
For the GPRS delivery module in embedded gateway, it is SIM900A used in the system, this module has USB
It is provided that the business such as GSM voice, short message, GPRS delivery module passes through for the AT command interface of interface, SIM socket and standard
USB interface is connected with embedded gateway.Gathered data is transmitted to embedded gateway by serial communication, and embedded gateway is sentenced first
Disconnected be whether standard IPv6 form message, be not to abandon, if it is, form PPP0 network interface further according to GPRS Modem will adopt
Collection data is activation is sent to monitoring server to GPRS network, then by GPRS network.When monitoring server detects collection number
Utilize AT order control GPRS delivery module according to beyond danger threshold or when identifying fire image, notifying embedded gateway to end
End equipment sends early warning note.
For the GPRS delivery module in embedded gateway, communicated using udp protocol, udp protocol does not need to set up
Connect it is only necessary to know the IP address of other side and port it is possible to carry out data is activation and reception, therefore UDP using Socket
Agreement possesses that occupancy resource is few, the advantage of fast response time and low delay it is adaptable in the system data real-time Transmission, but by
In the unreliability of udp protocol, lead to packet easy to lose and out of order, therefore the system is passed through on the application layer to UDP message
Head is redefined, and realizes that packet loss is retransmitted and incorrect order reordering mechanism is it is ensured that the reliability of udp protocol.The system is self-defined 8
The protocol massages head of byte, as shown in figure 5, the type of data packet that head includes 2 bytes identifies, the bag sequence number of 2 bytes, 2
The Fragment Offset amount of the data package size of individual byte and 2 bytes.Wherein type identification refers to this packet is binary file
Type or text type, bag sequence number is used for data is activation and the order information receiving, and data package size is used for detecting transmitting procedure
The loss of data, Fragment Offset amount is that data is divided into, in transmission, the fragment adapting to transmission, loses when monitoring server finds
During the data lost, numbered to GPRS delivery module request retransmission by Fragment Offset amount.
In further implementation process, the data of sensor acquisition is text type, the image of video monitoring equipment collection
File is binary file type, and the transmission means that the two adopts has certain difference.If the number that embedded gateway receives
According to the data for sensor acquisition, first determine whether whether data exceeds danger threshold, if not less than threshold value, transmit data to
GPRS delivery module, is sent to monitoring server by former udp protocol, if exceeding threshold value, the udp protocol after improving enters
Row transmission；If the image file that embedded gateway receiving data gathers for video monitoring equipment, first image is compressed
It is encoded to binary file type, udp protocol after improving for the binary file after coding is transmitted, to realize picture
Transmitting.Because sensing data periodically can send data to embedded gateway, only when ambient parameter is detected to endanger
When danger is worth, just need to carry out the re-transmission of data.
In sum, the disclosed environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system based on 6LoWPAN agreement of the present embodiment, including position
In the ambient parameter collecting unit of Surveillance center, embedded gateway, monitoring server and terminal unit, ambient parameter collecting unit
Comprise multiple acquisition terminal modules, each acquisition terminal module is made up of multiple sensors and video monitoring equipment again, collection is single
Unit is responsible for completing collection and the transmission of monitor area ambient parameter and picture；Embedded gateway, including GPRS delivery module,
6LoWPAN coordinator and compressing processing module, 6LoWPAN coordinator is that each sensor distributes IPv6 address first automatically, and converges
Data and picture that poly- acquisition terminal sends, compressing processing module sends after the data receiving and picture are compressed processing
To GPRS delivery module, GPRS delivery module is sent to monitoring server by GPRS network；Monitoring server, to the number receiving
It is decoded processing, analyzes, store according to bag, send early warning signal when judging that data is more than dangerous preset value, notify embedded net
Close and send early warning note to terminal unit.It is somebody's turn to do the environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system based on 6LoWPAN agreement, integrated application thing
Networking technology, realizes carrying out omnibearing dynamic networking monitoring to enterprise's production environment, monitor client only need to be by browsing Web
Browser can be had at fingertips to production environment, reduces the generation of enterprises production locale peril, it is possible to increase enterprise produces
Safety management efficiency, has extraordinary practicality and science reference value.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention preferably embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not subject to above-described embodiment
Limit, other any spirit without departing from the present invention and the change made under principle, modification, replacement, combine, simplify,
All should be equivalent substitute mode, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system based on 6LoWPAN agreement is it is characterised in that include positioned at Surveillance center
Ambient parameter collecting unit, some embedded gateways, monitoring server and some terminal units,
Wherein, described ambient parameter collecting unit includes multiple acquisition terminal modules, and each acquisition terminal module comprises at least one
Individual sensor and video monitoring equipment, described sensor and described video monitoring equipment obtain parameter and the figure of monitor area
Picture；
Described embedded gateway, including GPRS delivery module, 6LoWPAN coordinator and compressing processing module, described 6LoWPAN association
Adjust device to be that each sensor distributes IPv6 address first automatically, and converge data and the picture that described acquisition terminal module sends,
Described compressing processing module sends to described GPRS delivery module after the data receiving and picture are compressed processing, described
GPRS delivery module is sent to monitoring server by GPRS network；
Described monitoring server, is decoded to the packet receiving processing, analyzes, stores, judge that data is more than dangerous default
Send early warning signal during value, notify described embedded gateway to send early warning note to described terminal unit.
2. the environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system based on 6LoWPAN agreement according to claim 1 it is characterised in that
Described compressing processing module is compressed processing using libjpeg storehouse to the data receiving and picture, wherein, described
Libjpeg storehouse is the storehouse for jpeg picture format decompression and compression.
3. the environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system based on 6LoWPAN agreement according to claim 1 it is characterised in that
Described ambient parameter collecting unit is communicated using 6LoWPAN radio sensing network.
4. the environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system based on 6LoWPAN agreement according to claim 1 it is characterised in that
Described ambient parameter collecting unit enters row data communication by CoAP agreement.
5. the environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system based on 6LoWPAN agreement according to claim 1 it is characterised in that
Described sensor adopts digital sensor, be set to according to demand temperature sensor, humidity sensor, Smoke Sensor,
LPG gas sensor, CO concentration sensor, NH4 concentration sensor, aldehyde ketone alcohols gas sensor and/or CO2 sensor.
6. the environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system based on 6LoWPAN agreement according to claim 5 it is characterised in that
CoAP Client is run on described sensor, described CoAP Client using CoAP agreement by abstract for sensor object is
Resource, each resource corresponds to a unique resource identifier, and described resource identifier includes：Sensor model number, sensor class
Type, sensing data and sensor states, are carried out to resource identifier by GET, POST, PUT, DELETE method accordingly
Operation.
7. the environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system based on 6LoWPAN agreement according to claim 1 it is characterised in that
Using the mesh V2000 video frequency pick-up head with OV511 chip, it passes through USB interface and institute to described video monitoring equipment
State embedded gateway to connect, described embedded gateway adjusts USB camera using Video4Linux2 programming framework and carries out image
Seizure.
8. the environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system based on 6LoWPAN agreement according to claim 4 it is characterised in that
Described ambient parameter collecting unit is uploaded to the load P ayload bag of the CoAP protocol data of described 6LoWPAN coordinator
Include：Sensor model number, sensing data, acquisition time.
9. the environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system based on 6LoWPAN agreement according to claim 1 it is characterised in that
Described GPRS delivery module is communicated using udp protocol, and on the application layer udp protocol heading is reset
Justice, realizes that packet loss is retransmitted and incorrect order reordering mechanism is it is ensured that the reliability of udp protocol.
10. the environment of internet of things real-time monitoring system based on 6LoWPAN agreement according to claim 9 it is characterised in that
Described udp protocol heading includes：The type of data packet mark of 2 bytes, the bag sequence number of 2 bytes, the number of 2 bytes
According to the Fragment Offset amount of bag size and 2 bytes, wherein said type of data packet identifies to be used for referring to this packet and enters for two
File type processed or text type, described bag sequence number is used for data is activation and the order information receiving, and described data package size is used
In the loss of detection transmitting procedure data, described Fragment Offset amount is that data is divided into, in transmission, the fragment adapting to transmission,
When described monitoring server finds the data of loss, please to described GPRS delivery module by the numbering of described Fragment Offset amount
Ask re-transmission.
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| CN107798845A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-03-13 | 广西小草信息产业有限责任公司 | A kind of information acquisition system and method |
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| CN112566282A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-26 | 广州市永昊科技有限公司 | Internet of things information transmission mode and platform |
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