CN106442723A - Passive sensor network applicable to material surface parameter monitoring and sensing method - Google Patents
Passive sensor network applicable to material surface parameter monitoring and sensing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106442723A CN106442723A CN201610769033.1A CN201610769033A CN106442723A CN 106442723 A CN106442723 A CN 106442723A CN 201610769033 A CN201610769033 A CN 201610769033A CN 106442723 A CN106442723 A CN 106442723A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/041—Analysing solids on the surface of the material, e.g. using Lamb, Rayleigh or shear waves
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- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a passive sensor network applicable to material surface parameter monitoring and a sensing method. The invention is based on a multi-angle ultrasonic transducer capable of multidirectional emission, a plurality of surface acoustic wave sensing units are arranged around the transducer, and the multi-angle ultrasonic transducer provides instant working energy for the surface acoustic wave sensing units and receives monitored signals returned by the surface acoustic wave sensing units with the surface of a material as an acoustic signal transmission channel, and then reads and analyzes measured material surface parameters. By using the surface of the material as the ultrasonic transmission channel, the invention solves problems in terms of attenuation, wiring, anti-interference, etc.; by utilizing the instant operating characteristics of the surface acoustic wave sensing units and using instant acoustic signals to provide working energy for the surface acoustic wave sensing units, sensors do not need battery supply anymore; by utilizing the multi-angle ultrasonic transducer in combination with the surface acoustic wave sensing units, a plurality of parameters of the surface of the material can be simultaneously measured at multiple positions, and a measuring network is formed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to detect sensory field, be specifically related to a kind of passive sensing net being applicable to material surface parameter monitoring
Network and method for sensing.
Background technology
The physiological parameter of body surface includes temperature, humidity, amount of sweat, pH value and is caused by heartbeat, breathing and pulse
The index such as body surface deformation.These physiological parameters have directly reacted the state of human life activity, by the standard to these parameters
Really measurement, can be monitored to health state, or carries out to human body diseases diagnosing and guided operation and medication.
Traditionally, external instrument, such as thermometer, hygrometer are depended on more to the method for this kind of body surface physiological parameter measurement
Or sphygmomanometer etc..The use of this quasi-instrument needs to make the manually operated of employment, automaticity and the degree of accuracy relatively low more, and
The data of single point in time, single position and single parameter can only be recorded every time.And in recent years, with scientific and technical development, go out
The substantial amounts of wearable smart machine for body surface physiological compensation effects, such as Intelligent bracelet, wrist-watch etc. are showed.This kind of intelligence can
The feature of wearable device is, it is possible to achieve the automatic measurement of body surface physiological parameter and storage, and has reached
A relatively high degree of accuracy.
But, currently there is the great shortcoming of following two in the equipment of these wearable devices：
1st, can be only done the parameter measurement of single position at wearable device and skin contact, and multiple spot multidigit can not be realized
Gather while putting or measurement, or measurement network can not be formed；
2nd, this kind of collecting device needs lasting power supply supply, it is therefore desirable to built-in power, but due to wearable device
Volume and weight all can not be excessive, and therefore the power-on time of power supply is extremely limited, and then causes the working sensor time to be limited
System.
Content of the invention
In order to solve body surface multi-physiological-parameter multimetering problem, and the energy supply solving sensor continuous firing is asked
Topic, the present invention proposes the passive sensing network being applicable to material surface physiological compensation effects.The present invention is multi-direction based on one
The Multi-angle ultrasound transducer launched, arranges multiple surface acoustic wave sensing unit, with material surface itself around this transducer
For acoustical signal transmission channel, Multi-angle ultrasound transducer provides instantaneous operating power source for surface acoustic wave sensing unit, and receives sound
Surface wave sensing unit returns the monitoring signal of coming, and then reads the material surface supplemental characteristic measured by analyzing.
It is an object of the present invention to propose a kind of passive sensing network being applicable to material surface parameter monitoring.
The passive sensing network being applicable to material surface parameter monitoring of the present invention includes：Control circuit, Multi-angle ultrasound
Transducer and multiple surface acoustic wave sensing unit；Wherein, control circuit is electrically connected to multi-angle ultrasonic transducer；Multi-angle surpasses
The embedded detected materials surface of sonic transducer half；Periphery at Multi-angle ultrasound transducer arranges multiple measured material surface be close to
Surface acoustic wave sensing unit；Control circuit sends and controls signal to Multi-angle ultrasound transducer, and the form of control signal is telecommunications
Number；With Multi-angle ultrasound transducer as communication node, using detected materials surface as communication channel, using acoustical signal as energy and
The carrier of signal and each surface acoustic wave sensing unit being arranged in Multi-angle ultrasound transducer periphery carry out energy or information passes
Defeated；Multi-angle ultrasound transducer converts the electrical signal to acoustical signal；Acoustical signal propagates surface acoustic wave sensing along detected materials surface
Unit receives acoustical signal, the measured material surface parameter around perception position, and will carry measured material surface parameter letter
The acoustical signal of breath is back to Multi-angle ultrasound transducer by measured material surface；Acoustical signal is changed by Multi-angle ultrasound transducer
Become after the signal of telecommunication and transmit to control circuit, control circuit analysis the information extracting measured material surface, and then realize to tested
Monitor while material surface multiple spot multi-parameter.
Control circuit includes：Energy sends module and signal analysis module；Wherein, energy sends module and sends with energy
Control signal, such as transient pulse etc., and transmitting to multi-angle ultrasonic transducer；Signal analysis resume module Multi-angle ultrasound
The acoustical signal that transducer receives, extracts and analyzes the information on measured material surface.
Multi-angle ultrasound transducer includes center mass layer, main piezo crystals lamella harmony matching layer；Wherein, center mass layer
Be shaped as polygon terrace with edge, the limit number of polygon terrace with edge is 3～10, center mass layer use high density material；Polygon
Each side of the center mass layer of shape prismatic table shape is respectively provided with a piece of piezoelectric chip, thus in the side one of polygon terrace with edge
Week forms main piezo crystals lamella, and the piezoelectric chip at different directions keeps independent mutually；Outer surface at main piezo crystals lamella sets
Put one layer of acoustic matching layer；Thus form the Multi-angle ultrasound transducer of polygon inverted trapezoidal shape, Multi-angle ultrasound transducer
Upper surface is less than lower surface, the embedded measured material surface in the top of Multi-angle ultrasound transducer half；Control circuit be electrically connected to
Main piezo crystals lamella；Control circuit sends an electrical signal to main piezo crystals lamella, and each causing center mass layer outer surface is mutual
Independent piezoelectric chip vibration, converts the electrical signal to acoustical signal, and center mass layer is by big inertia, it is ensured that each is mutually solely
Vertical piezoelectric chip is when vibration, and Multi-angle ultrasound transducer does not have big position skew, and acoustic matching layer reduces acoustical signal
Energy attenuation when Multi-angle ultrasound transducer is propagated to measured material surface, improves propagation efficiency；When surface acoustic wave sensing
When unit returns, by measured material surface, the acoustical signal carrying measured material surface parameter information, reduced by acoustic matching layer and pass
Broadcasting energy attenuation, main piezo crystals lamella is experienced vibration, is converted acoustic signals into the signal of telecommunication, and transmit to control circuit.
Surface acoustic wave sensing unit includes：Surface acoustic wave transducing portion and surface acoustic wave transducing part, pass through therebetween
Wire connects；Surface acoustic wave transducing portion receives the acoustical signal propagated along measured material surface, and acoustical signal is converted to telecommunications
Number transmission to surface acoustic wave transducing part, the parameter on measured material surface around surface acoustic wave transducing part perception, and carrying
The signal of telecommunication of measured material surface parameter information transmits to surface acoustic wave transducing portion, and the signal of telecommunication is turned by surface acoustic wave transducing portion
It is changed to acoustical signal, and by measured material surface delivery to multi-angle ultrasonic transducer.The upper surface of surface acoustic wave transducing portion
Less than lower surface, the top of surface acoustic wave transducing portion is partly embedded in measured material surface.
Surface acoustic wave transducing portion includes acoustic impedance matching layer, unit piezo crystals lamella and big quality structure layer；Wherein, exist
The front surface of unit piezo crystals lamella arranges acoustic impedance matching layer, arranges big quality structure in the rear surface of unit piezo crystals lamella
Layer；Acoustic impedance matching layer is in the face of Multi-angle ultrasound transducer so that the acoustical signal propagated along measured material surface is low to be passed damply
Transport to surface acoustic wave transducing portion, improve the receiving efficiency of surface acoustic wave transducing portion；Unit piezo crystals lamella experiences vibration
And acoustical signal is converted to the signal of telecommunication, transmission is to surface acoustic wave transducing part；The signal of telecommunication from surface acoustic wave transducing part draws
Play the vibration of unit piezo crystals lamella, convert electrical signals to acoustical signal, big quality structure layer ensure acoustical signal towards given forward
Direction is propagated；Acoustic impedance matching layer makes the low measured material surface that propagates to damply of acoustical signal, improves propagation efficiency.
Unit piezo crystals lamella is tabular, and the rear surface of impedance matching layer and the front surface of big quality structure layer are flat
Face, is separately positioned on front surface and the rear surface of unit piezo crystals lamella；Impedance matching layer and the upper surface of big quality structure layer
It is respectively less than lower surface.The upper and lower surface of surface acoustic wave transducing portion is vertical with front surface and rear surface.
Surface acoustic wave transducing part includes piezoelectric sheet layer, sensitive layer and interdigital electrode；Wherein, piezoelectric sheet layer is as sound
The propagation medium of signal uses piezoelectric；Sensitive layer and interdigital electrode are separately positioned on piezoelectric sheet layer；Interdigital electrode cloth
Put the centre at piezoelectric sheet layer, or be arranged on piezoelectric sheet layer the two ends being positioned at sensitive layer；Interdigital electrode uses metal
Material；The signal of telecommunication that unit piezo crystals lamella transmits is converted to acoustical signal and passes on the surface of piezoelectric sheet layer by interdigital electrode
Broadcast, the parameter on measured material surface around sensitive layer perception, when parameter (temperature, humidity) changes, sensitive layer and piezoelectricity
Lamella interacts, and affects acoustical signal surface wave propagation characteristic；Interdigital electrode will carry measured material surface parameter letter
The acoustical signal of breath changes into the signal of telecommunication, and transmits to unit piezo crystals lamella.
Measured material can be soft material, it is also possible to be hard material；If measured material is soft material, Multi-angle ultrasound is changed
The upper surface of energy device and surface acoustic wave transducing portion is close to measured material surface, and applies in pressure press-in soft material so that soft
Material deformation is caved in, thus above half embedded measured material table of Multi-angle ultrasound transducer and surface acoustic wave transducing portion
In face；If measured material is hard material, then prior preset on measured material surface and Multi-angle ultrasound transducer harmony surface
The depression that ripple transducing portion matches, so that in the above half embedded measured material surface of the two.
Further object is that and a kind of passive sensing network being applicable to material surface parameter monitoring is provided
Method for sensing.
The method for sensing of the passive sensing network being applicable to material surface parameter monitoring of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
1) control circuit sends and controls signal to Multi-angle ultrasound transducer, and the form of control signal is the signal of telecommunication；
2) Multi-angle ultrasound transducer converts the electrical signal to acoustical signal；
3) acoustical signal is propagated along detected materials surface；
4) surface acoustic wave sensing unit receives acoustical signal, and converts acoustic signals into the signal of telecommunication；
5) the measured material surface parameter around surface acoustic wave sensing unit perception position；
6) acoustical signal carrying measured material surface parameter information is passed through measured material surface by surface acoustic wave sensing unit
It is back to Multi-angle ultrasound transducer；
7) Multi-angle ultrasound transducer transmits to control circuit after acoustical signal is transformed into the signal of telecommunication；
8) control circuit analysis the information extracting measured material surface, and then realize to measured material surface multiple spot many ginsengs
Monitoring while number.
Wherein, in step 2) in, Multi-angle ultrasound transducer converts the electrical signal to acoustical signal, specifically includes following step
Suddenly：
A) signal of telecommunication sent from control circuit is to main piezo crystals lamella, and each causing center mass layer outer surface is mutual
Independent piezoelectric chip vibration, converts the electrical signal to acoustical signal；
B) center mass layer is by big inertia, it is ensured that each separate piezoelectric chip is when vibration, and multi-angle surpasses
Sonic transducer does not have big position skew；
C) acoustic matching layer reduces energy when Multi-angle ultrasound transducer is propagated to measured material surface for the acoustical signal and declines
Subtract, improve propagation efficiency.
In step 3) in, the embedded measured material surface in the top of Multi-angle ultrasound transducer and surface acoustic wave transducing portion half
In, thus main piezo crystals lamella carries out acoustical signal communication propagation, and unit piezoelectricity by acoustic matching layer and measured material surface
Wafer layer carries out acoustical signal communication propagation by acoustic impedance matching layer and measured material surface.
In step 4) in, surface acoustic wave sensing unit receives acoustical signal, and converts acoustic signals into the signal of telecommunication, specifically includes
Following steps：
A) acoustic impedance matching layer is in the face of Multi-angle ultrasound transducer so that the acoustical signal propagated along measured material surface is low to decline
Transmit with subtracting to surface acoustic wave transducing portion；
B) unit piezo crystals lamella is experienced vibration and acoustical signal is converted to the signal of telecommunication, and transmission is to surface acoustic wave detecting means
Point.
In step 5) in, surface acoustic wave sensing unit perception measured material surface parameter, specifically include following steps：
A) signal of telecommunication that unit piezo crystals lamella transmits is converted to acoustical signal the table at piezoelectric sheet layer by interdigital electrode
Face is propagated；
B) parameter on measured material surface around sensitive layer perception, when parameter changes, sensitive layer and piezoelectric sheet
Layer interacts, and affects acoustical signal surface wave propagation characteristic；
C) acoustical signal carrying measured material surface parameter information is changed into the signal of telecommunication by interdigital electrode, and transmits to list
Unit's piezo crystals lamella.
In step 6) in, acoustical signal is back to Multi-angle ultrasound by measured material surface and changes by surface acoustic wave sensing unit
Energy device, specifically includes following steps：
A) signal of telecommunication from surface acoustic wave transducing part causes unit piezo crystals lamella to vibrate, and converts electrical signals to sound
Signal；
B) big quality structure layer ensures that acoustical signal is propagated towards assigned direction；
C) acoustic impedance matching layer makes the low measured material surface that propagates to damply of acoustical signal, improves propagation efficiency.
In step 7) in, Multi-angle ultrasound transducer transmits to control circuit after acoustical signal is transformed into the signal of telecommunication, specifically
Comprise the following steps：
A) acoustical signal carrying measured material surface parameter information being returned by measured material surface, passes through acoustic matching layer
Make to propagate to main piezoelectric chip with reducing energy attenuation；
B) main piezo crystals lamella experiences vibration, converts acoustic signals into the signal of telecommunication, and transmits to control circuit.
In step 8) in, control circuit Treatment Analysis, extract the information on measured material surface, specifically include：Control electricity
The acoustical signal that the signal analysis resume module Multi-angle ultrasound transducer on road receives, by monitor the acoustical signal medium wave peak that returns it
Between time difference, or the spectral characteristic of acoustical signal judges the feature of the inner material on measured material surface.
The passive sensing network of the present invention may be used for the physiological parameter of engineering structure surface parameter measurement or human body surface
Monitoring.
Advantages of the present invention：
Utilize acoustical signal in the little feature of material surface propagation attenuation, use material surface as ultrasound-transmissive channel, enter
And solve decay, wiring and the problem such as anti-interference；Utilize the instantaneous operating characteristic of surface acoustic wave sensing unit, use instantaneous sound
Signal provides its operating power source so that sensor itself is no longer necessary to battery supplied；Utilize Multi-angle ultrasound transducer, in conjunction with many
Individual surface acoustic wave sensing unit, it is achieved that the multiposition of the multiple parameter of material surface is measured simultaneously, and defines measurement network.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the passive sensing network being applicable to material surface parameter monitoring of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that the signal of the passive sensing network being applicable to material surface parameter monitoring of the present invention connects and acoustic-electric conversion
The structured flowchart of mode；
Fig. 3 is the Multi-angle ultrasound transducer of the passive sensing network being applicable to material surface parameter monitoring of the present invention
Schematic diagram, wherein, (a) is shaft side figure, and (b) is side view；
Fig. 4 be the passive sensing network being applicable to material surface parameter monitoring of the present invention Multi-angle ultrasound transducer with
The schematic diagram of surface acoustic wave sensing unit communication；
Fig. 5 is the surface acoustic wave sensing unit of the passive sensing network being applicable to material surface parameter monitoring of the present invention
Schematic diagram, wherein, (a) is top view, and (b) is side view；
Fig. 6 is that the passive sensing network being applicable to material surface parameter monitoring of the present invention is for detecting the song of human body temperature
Line chart.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.
As it is shown in figure 1, the passive sensing network being applicable to material surface parameter monitoring of the present embodiment includes：Control circuit
3rd, Multi-angle ultrasound transducer 1 and multiple surface acoustic wave sensing unit 2；Wherein, control circuit is electrically connected to Multi-angle ultrasound
Transducer 1；Multi-angle ultrasound transducer 1 half embeds detected materials surface 4；Periphery at Multi-angle ultrasound transducer is arranged multiple
It is close to the surface acoustic wave sensing unit 2 on measured material surface.Signal connection and acoustic-electric conversion regime are as shown in Figure 2.
As it is shown on figure 3, Multi-angle ultrasound transducer includes center mass layer the 13rd, main piezo crystals lamella 12 and acoustic matching layer
11；Wherein, center mass layer 13 be shaped as 8 limit shape terrace with edges, center mass layer 13 uses high density material；At polygon terrace with edge
Each side of the center mass layer of shape is respectively provided with a piece of piezoelectric chip, thus within one week, is formed in the side of polygon terrace with edge
Main piezo crystals lamella 12, the piezoelectric chip at different directions keeps independent mutually；Outer surface at main piezo crystals lamella arranges one
Layer acoustic matching layer 13；Thus form the Multi-angle ultrasound transducer of polygon inverted trapezoidal shape, Multi-angle ultrasound transducer upper
Surface is less than lower surface.In the present embodiment, the upper surface of the centrally disposed quality layers of control circuit 3 13.
As shown in Figure 4, Multi-angle ultrasound transducer 1 is using measured material surface as communication channel, with surface acoustic wave sensing
Unit 2 acoustical signal is transmitted.
As it is shown in figure 5, surface acoustic wave sensing unit includes：Surface acoustic wave transducing portion and surface acoustic wave transducing part；Sound
Surface wave transducing portion includes acoustic impedance matching layer the 21st, unit piezo crystals lamella 22 and big quality structure layer 23；Wherein, at unit
The front surface of piezo crystals lamella 22 arranges acoustic impedance matching layer 21, arranges big quality structure in the rear surface of unit piezo crystals lamella
Layer 23.Surface acoustic wave transducing part includes piezoelectric sheet layer the 24th, sensitive layer 25 and interdigital electrode 26；Wherein, piezoelectric sheet layer 24
Propagation medium as acoustical signal uses piezoelectric；Sensitive layer 25 and interdigital electrode 26 are separately positioned on piezoelectric sheet layer；
Interdigital electrode 26 is arranged on piezoelectric sheet layer the two ends being positioned at sensitive layer 25.
Passive sensing network can be affixed on body surface, such as the positions such as belly, back, upper limbs or lower limb, sensing network
Centroid is Multi-angle ultrasound transducer architecture 1, and this node is responsible for providing pulse energy and processes the acoustical signal that return comes.?
It around Multi-angle ultrasound transducer architecture 1, is furnished with multiple surface acoustic wave sensing unit 2, Multi-angle ultrasound transducer architecture 1 harmony
With human body as communication channel between surface wave sensing unit 2, with sound wave as energy with the carrier of signal carries out energy or information passes
Defeated.Surface acoustic wave sensing unit 2 can realize the measurement to multiple physiological parameters, as a example by belly, the parameter that can monitor include but
It is not limited to body temperature, heartbeat signal, breath signal, bladder signal etc..
When human body physiological parameter occurs quantitatively to change, the object properties of the sensitive layer of surface acoustic wave transducing part can be caused
Change, or directly result in the physical characteristic of surface acoustic wave transducing part own and change, thus cause surface acoustic wave detecting means
The velocity of wave dividing or resonant frequency also can occur corresponding quantitatively change, therefore can be by monitoring the acoustical signal medium wave peak that return
Between time difference, or the spectral characteristic of acoustical signal judges the characteristic of physiological signal.In addition, when interdigital electrode is arranged in pressure
Velocity of wave change when being positioned at the two ends of sensitive layer on electricity lamella, in detectable signal；When interdigital electrode is arranged in piezoelectric sheet
Layer middle when, the variation of resonant frequency in detectable signal.
Here, as a example by the detection to human body temperature, illustrate the surface acoustic wave sensing unit used by the present invention to body surface signal
Cleaning Principle：
When body surface temperature changes, the acoustic velocity of surface acoustic wave transducing part constituent material can be caused to occur
Change, on surface acoustic wave transducing part, the geometry spacing of interdigital electrode also can occur to change accordingly.These changes can cause sound
There is quantitative change in the resonant frequency of surface wave transducing part, also results in surface acoustic wave transducing part and returning to transducer
Signal in, the time difference (that is velocity of wave) between crest and crest changes.And as shown in Figure 6, the change of shell temperature,
And in quantitative relation between the frequency change of surface acoustic wave sensing unit or the change of velocity of wave, therefore can pass from surface acoustic wave
In the signal that sense part returns, by spectrum analysis or measurement peak-to-peak time difference, carry out inverse body surface temperature.
In addition to for human body surface, this measurement network can be additionally used in engineering structure surface, for example：This measurement network can be set
On aircraft, for detect flight each several part whether by bird collisions or damage；This network can be located at long-span bridge
On the drag-line of beam, for detecting pulling force and the Vibration Condition of drag-line；Can be located at changing network on petroleum pipeline, be used for detecting leakage of oil
And oil mass transmission situation.
It is finally noted that, publicize and implement the purpose of example and be that help is further appreciated by the present invention, but this area
Those of skill will appreciate that：Without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims, various replace and repair
It is all possible for changing.Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to embodiment disclosure of that, and the scope of protection of present invention is to weigh
Profit claim defines in the range of standard.
Claims (10)
1. the passive sensing network being applicable to material surface parameter monitoring, it is characterised in that described passive sensing network packet
Include：Control circuit, Multi-angle ultrasound transducer and multiple surface acoustic wave sensing unit；Wherein, described control circuit is electrically connected
To multi-angle ultrasonic transducer；The embedded detected materials surface of described Multi-angle ultrasound transducer half；At Multi-angle ultrasound transducer
Periphery arrange the multiple surface acoustic wave sensing unit being close to measured material surface；Described control circuit sends control signal at most
Angle ultrasonic transducer, the form of control signal is the signal of telecommunication；With Multi-angle ultrasound transducer as communication node, with detected materials
Surface as communication channel, using acoustical signal as the carrier of energy and signal be arranged in each of Multi-angle ultrasound transducer periphery
Individual surface acoustic wave sensing unit carries out energy or information transmission；Multi-angle ultrasound transducer converts the electrical signal to acoustical signal；Sound
Signal is propagated surface acoustic wave sensing unit and is received acoustical signal, the measured material table around perception position along detected materials surface
Face parameter, and the acoustical signal carrying measured material surface parameter information is back to Multi-angle ultrasound by measured material surface changes
Can device；Described Multi-angle ultrasound transducer transmits to control circuit after acoustical signal is transformed into the signal of telecommunication, and control circuit analysis is simultaneously
Extract the information on measured material surface, and then realize to monitoring while the multiple spot multi-parameter of measured material surface.
2. passive sensing network as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described Multi-angle ultrasound transducer includes centroplasm
Amount layer, main piezo crystals lamella harmony matching layer；Wherein, described center mass layer be shaped as polygon terrace with edge, polygon terrace with edge
Limit number be 3～10, described center mass layer use high density material；Center mass layer each in polygon prismatic table shape
Individual side is respectively provided with a piece of piezoelectric chip, thus within one week, forms main piezo crystals lamella in the side of polygon terrace with edge, in difference
The piezoelectric chip in direction keeps independent mutually；Outer surface at main piezo crystals lamella arranges one layer of acoustic matching layer；Thus formed many
The Multi-angle ultrasound transducer of limit shape inverted trapezoidal shape, the upper surface of described Multi-angle ultrasound transducer is less than lower surface, polygonal
The embedded measured material surface in top half of degree ultrasonic transducer；Described control circuit is electrically connected to main piezo crystals lamella；Control
Circuit sends an electrical signal to main piezo crystals lamella, causes each piezoelectric chip independent mutually of center mass layer outer surface to shake
Dynamic, convert the electrical signal to acoustical signal, center mass layer is by big inertia, it is ensured that each separate piezoelectric chip is shaking
When dynamic, Multi-angle ultrasound transducer does not offsets, and acoustic matching layer reduces acoustical signal from Multi-angle ultrasound transducer to measured material table
Energy attenuation when face is propagated；When surface acoustic wave sensing unit carries measured material surface parameter by the return of measured material surface
During the acoustical signal of information, being reduced by acoustic matching layer and propagating energy attenuation, main piezo crystals lamella is experienced vibration, is turned acoustical signal
Change the signal of telecommunication into, and transmit to control circuit.
3. passive sensing network as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described surface acoustic wave sensing unit includes：Sound table
Face ripple transducing portion and surface acoustic wave transducing part, connected by wire therebetween；Described surface acoustic wave transducing portion receives
Along measured material surface propagate acoustical signal, and acoustical signal is converted to the signal of telecommunication transmit to surface acoustic wave transducing part, described
The parameter on measured material surface around surface acoustic wave transducing part perception, and the telecommunications of measured material surface parameter information will be carried
Number transmission to surface acoustic wave transducing portion, surface acoustic wave transducing portion converts electrical signals to acoustical signal, and passes through measured material
Surface delivery is to multi-angle ultrasonic transducer.
4. passive sensing network as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described surface acoustic wave transducing portion includes acoustic impedance
Matching layer, unit piezo crystals lamella and big quality structure layer；Wherein, the front surface at unit piezo crystals lamella arranges acoustic impedance
Join layer, big quality structure layer is set in the rear surface of unit piezo crystals lamella；Acoustic impedance matching layer is in the face of Multi-angle ultrasound transducing
Device so that the acoustical signal propagated along measured material surface is low to be transmitted damply to surface acoustic wave transducing portion, improves surface acoustic wave
The receiving efficiency of transducing portion；Unit piezo crystals lamella is experienced vibration and acoustical signal is converted to the signal of telecommunication, and transmission is to sound table
Face ripple transducing part；The signal of telecommunication from surface acoustic wave transducing part causes unit piezo crystals lamella to vibrate, and changes the signal of telecommunication
For acoustical signal, big quality structure layer guarantee sound is newly propagated forward；Acoustic impedance matching layer make acoustical signal low propagate to damply by
Survey material surface.
5. passive sensing network as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described surface acoustic wave transducing part includes that piezoelectricity is thin
Lamella, sensitive layer and interdigital electrode；Wherein, described piezoelectric sheet layer uses piezoelectric as the propagation medium of acoustical signal；Institute
State sensitive layer and interdigital electrode is separately positioned on piezoelectric sheet layer；Described interdigital electrode is arranged in the centre of piezoelectric sheet layer,
Or it is arranged on piezoelectric sheet layer and be positioned at the two ends of sensitive layer；Interdigital electrode uses metal material；Interdigital electrode is by unit pressure
The signal of telecommunication that electricity wafer layer transmits is converted to acoustical signal and propagates on the surface of piezoelectric sheet layer, is measured and monitored the growth of standing timber around sensitive layer perception
The parameter on material surface, when parameter changes, sensitive layer interacts with piezoelectric sheet layer, and affects acoustical signal surface wave biography
Broadcast characteristic；The acoustical signal carrying measured material surface parameter information is changed into the signal of telecommunication by interdigital electrode, and transmits to unit
Piezo crystals lamella.
6. passive sensing network as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described measured material is soft material, or firmly
Material；If measured material is soft material, the upper surface of Multi-angle ultrasound transducer and surface acoustic wave transducing portion is close to tested
Material surface, and apply pressure press-in soft material in so that soft material deformation cave in, thus Multi-angle ultrasound transducer and
In above half embedded measured material surface of surface acoustic wave transducing portion；If measured material is hard material, then prior tested
The preset depression matching with Multi-angle ultrasound transducer and surface acoustic wave transducing portion of material surface, so that the two is upper
In the embedded measured material surface in face half.
7. the method for sensing of the passive sensing network being applicable to material surface parameter monitoring, it is characterised in that described sensing
Method comprises the following steps：
1) control circuit sends and controls signal to Multi-angle ultrasound transducer, and the form of control signal is the signal of telecommunication；
2) Multi-angle ultrasound transducer converts the electrical signal to acoustical signal；
3) acoustical signal is propagated along detected materials surface；
4) surface acoustic wave sensing unit receives acoustical signal, and converts acoustic signals into the signal of telecommunication；
5) the measured material surface parameter around surface acoustic wave sensing unit perception position；
6) acoustical signal carrying measured material surface parameter information is returned by surface acoustic wave sensing unit by measured material surface
To multi-angle ultrasonic transducer；
7) Multi-angle ultrasound transducer transmits to control circuit after acoustical signal is transformed into the signal of telecommunication；
8) control circuit analysis the information extracting measured material surface, and then realize to measured material surface multiple spot multi-parameter
Monitor simultaneously.
8. method for sensing as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that in step 2) in, Multi-angle ultrasound transducer is by telecommunications
It number is converted into acoustical signal, specifically include following steps：
A) signal of telecommunication sent from control circuit is to main piezo crystals lamella, causes each mutual independence of center mass layer outer surface
Piezoelectric chip vibration, convert the electrical signal to acoustical signal；
B) center mass layer is by big inertia, it is ensured that each separate piezoelectric chip is when vibration, and Multi-angle ultrasound is changed
Can not have big position skew by device；
C) acoustic matching layer reduces energy attenuation when Multi-angle ultrasound transducer is propagated for the acoustical signal to measured material surface, carries
High propagation efficiency.
9. method for sensing as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that in step 5) in, surface acoustic wave sensing unit perception quilt
Measure and monitor the growth of standing timber material surface parameter, specifically include following steps：
A) signal of telecommunication that unit piezo crystals lamella transmits is converted to acoustical signal and passes on the surface of piezoelectric sheet layer by interdigital electrode
Broadcast；
B) parameter on measured material surface around sensitive layer perception, when parameter changes, sensitive layer and piezoelectric sheet layer phase
Interaction, and affect acoustical signal surface wave propagation characteristic；
C) acoustical signal carrying measured material surface parameter information is changed into the signal of telecommunication by interdigital electrode, and transmits to unit pressure
Electricity wafer layer.
10. method for sensing as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that in step 6) in, sound is believed by surface acoustic wave sensing unit
It number is back to Multi-angle ultrasound transducer by measured material surface, specifically include following steps：
A) signal of telecommunication from surface acoustic wave transducing part causes unit piezo crystals lamella to vibrate, and converts electrical signals to sound letter
Number；
B) big quality structure layer ensures that acoustical signal is propagated towards assigned direction；
C) acoustic impedance matching layer makes the low measured material surface that propagates to damply of acoustical signal, improves propagation efficiency.
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