CN106427820B - A kind of automotive number plate that supporting mixed networking technology and management system - Google Patents

A kind of automotive number plate that supporting mixed networking technology and management system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106427820B
CN106427820B CN201610941733.4A CN201610941733A CN106427820B CN 106427820 B CN106427820 B CN 106427820B CN 201610941733 A CN201610941733 A CN 201610941733A CN 106427820 B CN106427820 B CN 106427820B
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number plate
circuit
automotive number
energy
information
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CN106427820A (en
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向友刚
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/10—Registration, licensing, or like devices
    • B60R13/105—Licence- or registration plates, provided with mounting means, e.g. frames, holders, retainers, brackets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of automotive number plate for supporting mixed networking technology and management system, main to support the communication protocols such as NB-IoT/LTE-V/IoT, and can backward compatible SMS and GPRS agreement.The automotive number plate is made of solid-state living body character and general number plate matrix；General number plate matrix, including front panel protective film, flexible solar battery film, printed circuit board and back protective layer.The circuit being arranged on printed circuit board includes the first GNSS circuit, energy-storage battery management of charging and discharging circuit and energy-storage battery, microprogram control unit and information storage circuit, information transmit-receive circuit.The management system includes the automotive number plate, automotive number plate information is read and wireless remote transmitting device, supervising platform.Automotive number plate provided by the invention and management system, number plate recognition accuracy are higher compared to traditional Image Acquisition identification, and application cost is lower, while having both can a variety of superior function such as global location, environmentally friendly power saving.

Description

A kind of automotive number plate that supporting mixed networking technology and management system
Technical field
The present invention relates to vehicle information administrative skill field, in particular to a kind of motor vehicle for supporting mixed networking technology Number plate and management system.
Background technique
The existing automotive number plate in China use and style have unification of the motherland standard, mainly according to GA36-2014 " in Magnificent people's republic's automotive number plate " national standard execution.Currently, being set in the style for meeting the GA36-2014 prescribed by standard Under the premise of setting, it is substrate that the structure setting of automotive number plate, which mostly uses greatly sheet metal, and number plate font is to strike out on substrate Type-word body rear surface sprays corresponding color.For example, Fig. 1, which is shown, meets GA36-2014 " the motor-driven license number of the People's Republic of China (PRC) Board " one of automotive number plate style (contour dimension is 440mm × 140mm, is suitable for number plate, kart before full-sized car Number plate, consulate's License Plate, Hongkong and Macro's entry and exit number plate, coach's License Plate style.Its measurement unit is mm).
And automotive number plate is that indicate upper road motor vehicle identity is most intuitively also most important reference element, for motor-driven The supervision and acquisition of number plate are undoubtedly one of the groundwork of mobile management.China's existing automotive number plate information at present Identification/acquisition technique is broadly divided into two kinds: manual entry, image photographic or camera shooting.Manual entry mode is mainly used in early days Various traffic supervision/management/charging system backstage data inputs and break in traffic rules and regulations and the in-situ processing of traffic accident etc. are answered With occasion, due to the manual entry drawbacks such as that there are efficiency of inputting is lower, error-prone, the degree of automation is low, now substantially to take the photograph As/take pictures based on, supplemented by manual entry.
As previously mentioned, it is sheet metal that automotive number plate, which is substrate mostly, at present, number plate font is to strike out on substrate Type-word body rear surface sprays corresponding color, this kind of structure setting and production method, so that for the automatic of automotive number plate Change to extract and generally require preferred trick-plate progress electronic image capture, number is carried out by image processing techniques trick-plate again later Identification, achievees the purpose that automatically extract license plate.Therefore, the automotive number plate management system of automation collection automotive number plate at present System, it is shown in Figure 2, usually by taking pictures/imaging and wireless remote transmitting device carries out Image Acquisition to automotive number plate, and lead to It crosses public mobile communication base station and is sent to various automotive number plates and automobile traffic supervision/management/charging system, identified Record, to realize the automatic management of automotive number plate.Specifically, the acquisition mode of general automotive number plate information divides at present Four steps: 1. being taken pictures using the high speed high definition above motor-driven vehicle going road or on the bar of roadside road or picture pick-up device to traveling in road On the number plate part of motor vehicle taken pictures or imaged；2. using image recognition technology to the automotive number plate clapped or taken the photograph Partial image is identified；3. utilizing SMS (short message) platform or GPRS (universal packet wireless business of public mobile communication Business) relevant information is transferred to public mobile communication base station by platform in a manner of being wirelessly transferred；4. by public mobile communication base station Couple through internet (Internet) with various automotive number plates and automobile traffic supervision/management/charging system, realizes motor-driven The wireless remote transmission of number plate information.When automotive number plate take pictures or image scene with Back-Supervision/management/charging system distance compared with It is close or when being easy to wire transmission, take pictures/photographic device can also be directly connected to internet (Internet) and Back-Supervision/pipe Reason/charging system realizes the wire transmission of automotive number plate information.
And what the automotive number plate management system use of above-mentioned existing automation collection automotive number plate was taken pictures or was imaged Image recognition technology exists come the method for reading automotive number plate information and is difficult to the shortcomings that overcoming as follows: number plate recognition correct rate Vulnerable to weather rain or shine, bright and dark light, number plate surface cleanness, finish influence, picture pick-up device installation site is bad or people It is even more impossible to identify in the case where to block automotive number plate, i.e. the factor of any influence automotive number plate electronic image capture all can It is the restraining factors of recognition accuracy, and current most image recognition technologys number plate font close to those characters is often It can not accurately identify.
Therefore, although font specification, ruler of the GA36-2014 " People's Republic of China's automotive number plate " to automotive number plate Very little, shape, installation site, take pictures/performance of picture pick-up device and position etc. have very strict requirements, but state prevailing for the time being in force Family standard GB/T28649-2012 " automotive number plate automatic recognition system " can only also be required: number plate recognition correct rate: >=90% (daytime) and >=85% (night)；Number plate color recognition correct rate: >=80% (daytime) and >=75% (night).And actual motion In the process, due to the multiplicity of shooting environmental and complication, so that number plate recognition correct rate and number plate color recognition correct rate are than upper It states index and also wants low, therefore, still need a large amount of manpower and material resources to having captured at Back-Supervision/management/charging system To number plate extract information and with number plate solid images be compared and screen, and leak the number plate of bat there are no from investigating.
To sum up, automotive number plate in the prior art and its management system, there are the low technologies of number plate recognition accuracy to lack It falls into.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of automotive number plate for supporting mixed networking technology and management system, to solve the above problems.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of automotive number plate for supporting mixed networking technology, including solid-state living body character and General number plate matrix；
Solid-state living body character and the general disassembled connection of number plate matrix；
General number plate matrix, including set gradually front panel protective film, flexible solar battery film, printed circuit board and Back protective layer；
The circuit being arranged on printed circuit board includes the first GNSS circuit, energy-storage battery management of charging and discharging circuit and energy storage electricity Pond, microprogram control unit and information storage circuit, information transmit-receive circuit；
First GNSS circuit is for supporting various global location navigation satellite communication protocols to realize the complete of automotive number plate Ball positioning；
First GNSS circuit is sequentially connected electrically with the microprogram control unit and information storage circuit, information transmit-receive circuit； The microprogram control unit and information storage circuit are electrically connected with the energy-storage battery management of charging and discharging circuit and energy-storage battery；
Energy-storage battery management of charging and discharging circuit and energy-storage battery are connect with the flexible solar battery film, the energy storage electricity The electric energy that pond is used to obtain the flexible solar battery film conversion by the energy-storage battery management of charging and discharging circuit is supplied It powers after electricity or external alternating current storage electric energy.
Wherein, the microprogram control unit and information storage circuit support NB-IoT agreement and LTE-V agreement, or also prop up Hold IoT agreement, or also backward compatible SMS protocol and GPRS agreement.
Wherein, microprogram control unit and information storage circuit include low-power scm minimum unit, random data storage Device, program and fixed data memory, battery management circuit interface, GNSS circuit interface, radio communication circuit interface, AD conversion Circuit and interface；
Low-power scm minimum unit, including CPU, bus, register, accumulator, for the first GNSS electricity Road, energy-storage battery management of charging and discharging circuit and energy-storage battery, information transmit-receive circuit are controlled；
Program and fixed data memory, for store CPU operation program and various fixations and semifixed data and Parameter, including but not limited to automotive number plate information, motor vehicle owner identity information, motor vehicle production and engine parameter letter Breath；
Random data memory, program and fixed data memory, battery management circuit interface, GNSS circuit interface, nothing Line telecommunication circuit interface, A/D converter circuit and interface are electrically connected with the low-power scm minimum unit；
Battery management circuit interface with the energy-storage battery management of charging and discharging circuit and energy-storage battery for docking；The nothing Line telecommunication circuit interface with the information transmit-receive circuit for docking；The GNSS circuit interface is used for and the first GNSS electricity Road docking.
Wherein, further include Anti-dismantling/anti-theft circuit, microprogram control unit and information storage circuit be additionally provided with Anti-dismantling/ Anti-theft circuit interface, low-power scm minimum unit are electrically connected by Anti-dismantling/anti-theft circuit interface with Anti-dismantling/anti-theft circuit It connects.
Wherein, Anti-dismantling/anti-theft circuit includes first to fourth pull-up resistor R1-R4 and four input nand gate U1；
General number plate matrix is equipped with 4 screw holes for hanging on motor vehicle, and the printed circuit board is multi-panel Printed circuit board covers copper in 4 screw hole surfaces of the middle layer of the multi-panel printed circuit board, be successively individually identified as a, b, C, it is grounded at d, a, passes through the 4th pull-up resistor R4, third pull-up resistor R3, the second pull-up resistor R2 and electricity at b, c, d tri- respectively Source anode is connected, and the first pull-up resistor one terminates positive pole, be separately input at the other end and b, c, d tri- four input with The input terminal of NOT gate U1；The output end of the four input nand gates U1 is connected to institute by the Anti-dismantling/anti-theft circuit interface State low-power scm minimum unit.
Wherein, Anti-dismantling/anti-theft circuit includes strain transducer and/or magnetic induction sensor and signal processing circuit；
Printed circuit board is multi-panel printed circuit board, and the strain transducer is set in the multi-panel printed circuit board Interbed；The automotive number plate is fixed on motor vehicle casing by fastening screw；
When automotive number plate is fixed on motor vehicle, because of the effect of the fastening screw, the strain transducer because by It presses and its output is made to deviate preset value；When the improper disassembly of automotive number plate occurs, the output of the strain transducer because The dismounting of fastening screw and be restored to preset value, and by output variable quantity be converted into differential pressure signal；
Magnetic induction sensor is set on the printed circuit board, for making automotive number plate in improper disassembly When far from motor vehicle, output variation magnetic strength induction signal；
Differential pressure signal or the variation magnetic strength induction signal turn after the signal processing circuit carries out signal processing through AD It changes and is input to the low-power scm minimum unit, the low-power scm minimum unit is to the differential pressure signal or magnetic Inductive signal is analyzed and determined；
The signal processing includes but is not limited to differential pressure amplification, filtering, shaping.
Wherein, stating printed circuit board includes insulated base material layer and printed circuit copper clad layers；
The material of insulated base material layer includes polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), cyanate ester resin plate, polyphenylene oxide, polyimides, phenylpropyl alcohol ring fourth One of alkene is a variety of.
Wherein, energy-storage battery includes but is not limited to polymer lithium ion chargeable battery, carbonic acid lithium iron battery, ni-mh electricity Pond, high-performance superbattery, the capacitor being made of the order mesoporous grapheme material of N doping.
Wherein, the communication of GNSS circuit and microprogram control unit and information storage circuit executes NMEA-0183 standard；Shred NB-IoT, LTE-V agreement are supported in the communication of sequence controller and information storage circuit and information transmit-receive circuit, or also support IoT Agreement and backward compatible SMS and GPRS agreement.
The present invention also provides a kind of automotive number plate management systems for supporting mixed networking technology, including foregoing machine Motor-car number plate, automotive number plate information is read and wireless remote transmitting device, supervising platform；
The automotive number plate information is read and wireless remote transmitting device includes solar cell module, energy-storage battery management electricity Road and energy-storage battery group, the 2nd GNSS circuit, take pictures/picture pick-up device, MCU software and hardware processing module, with base station communication circuit, with Automotive number plate telecommunication circuit；
It is aerial between the reading automotive number plate information and wireless remote transmitting device, with the public mobile communication base station Interface protocol executes the communication between NB-IoT agreement or also backward compatible SMS and GPRS agreement and the automotive number plate LTE-V agreement is preferentially used, NB-IoT agreement or IoT agreement are used when LTE-V fails；
General NMEA-0183 standard association is executed between the 2nd GNSS circuit and the MCU software and hardware processing module View.
Wherein, it reads automotive number plate information and wireless remote transmitting device is set to above traffic route and the friendship on both sides on the way At logical monitoring device；Or it is set at traffic route operation maintenance toll station charging device；Or it is set as hand-held movement Terminal.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of automotive number plate for supporting mixed networking technology and management system, which is A kind of completely new automotive number plate, including solid-state living body character and general number plate matrix；Identical, the solid-state with the principle of type printing The living body character i.e. font of " work ", with the general disassembled connection of number plate matrix；And general number plate matrix, including front panel are protected Cuticula, flexible solar battery film, printed circuit board and back protective layer；The circuit being arranged on printed circuit board includes first GNSS circuit, energy-storage battery management of charging and discharging circuit and energy-storage battery can support NB-IoT/LTE-V/IoT agreement, and can be downward The microprogram control unit and information storage circuit, information transmit-receive circuit, microprogram control unit and information of compatible SMS and GPRS agreement Storage circuit can store all data informations about automotive number plate note motor vehicle, logical by agreements such as NB-IoT and LTE-V The mode of letter mixed networking can realize the remote interaction of data, carry out analysis knowledge again without obtaining electronic image by picture pick-up device Not, the accuracy of automotive number plate acquisition and supervision is improved, while having given full play to the superiority of NB-IoT and LTE-V agreement Energy；In addition, automotive number plate provided by the invention also supports solar powered, global location, using solar powered reduction city Electricity saves electric energy for electric consumption；Global positioning function further improves the convenient journey of automotive number plate and mobile management Degree.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is one of the automotive number plate style for meeting GA36-2014 " People's Republic of China's automotive number plate "；
Fig. 2 is the reading of automotive number plate information and the processing system block diagram of the prior art；
Fig. 3 is " work " font style example of solid-state living body character of the invention；
Fig. 4 a is the front schematic view of one embodiment of the style of general number plate matrix of the invention；
Fig. 4 b is the side A of general number plate matrix shown in Fig. 4 a to sectional view；
Fig. 5 is the electrical block diagram of one embodiment of automotive number plate printed circuit board of the invention；
Fig. 6 is one embodiment of automotive number plate microprogram control unit (MCU) and information storage circuit of the invention Circuit structure schematic block diagram；
Fig. 7 is the first Anti-dismantling/theft preventing method circuit diagram of the invention；
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of one embodiment of the number plate rear back mat in the first Anti-dismantling/anti-theft circuit of the invention；
Fig. 9 a is the front schematic view of one embodiment of automotive number plate of the invention；
Fig. 9 b is the A of automotive number plate of the present invention with number plate rear back mat to sectional view；
Figure 10 is the structural block diagram of second of Anti-dismantling and theft preventing method of the invention；
Figure 11 is the structural block diagram of a preferred embodiment of automotive number plate management system of the invention；
Figure 12 is the structural block diagram of one embodiment for reading automotive number plate information and wireless remote transmitting device of the invention；
Figure 13 is various automotive number plates and automobile traffic supervision/management/charging system network of the invention；
Figure 14 is DRX the and PSM power saving design diagram of narrowband Internet of Things.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of automotive number plate for supporting mixed networking technology and management systems.
Embodiment one
The embodiment of the present invention one provides a kind of automotive number plate for supporting mixed networking technology, which includes solid-state living body Character and general number plate matrix.
Solid-state living body character, with the general disassembled connection of number plate matrix.
General number plate matrix, including set gradually front panel protective film, flexible solar battery film, printed circuit board and Back protective layer.
It should be noted that the style of solid-state living body character provided in an embodiment of the present invention and general number plate matrix is strictly pressed It is executed according to national newest standards, at present according to " GA36 People's Republic of China (PRC) automotive number plate " and " 666 automotive number plate of GA With reflective membrane " etc. relevant criterions setting.
Wherein, apparent size, quantity and the color of the solid-state living body character of the embodiment of the present invention are newest in strict accordance with country Relevant criterion requires to execute.Shown in Figure 3, Fig. 3 is " work " font style example of solid-state living body character of the invention, is shown The font style example of several solid-state living body characters of Chinese Industrial Standards (CIS) GA36-2014 requirement, such as individual Chinese character are gone out to meet " capital ", single English character " A ", individual digit " 2 " and blank character " ".
Because blank character " ", there is versatility can be printed on general number plate matrix as an embodiment It on flexible solar battery film or prints on a printed circuit, also can print on plate protective film in front.
As an embodiment, the back side of the solid-state living body character of the embodiment of the present invention has screw or rivet, by Screw or rivet positioning are fastened on general number plate matrix.
As an embodiment, the general number plate matrix of the embodiment of the present invention referring to fig. 4 shown in a and Fig. 4 b, wraps altogether It includes: front panel protective film 1；Flexible solar battery film 2；Printed circuit board 3；Back protective layer 4；It preferably, further include edge Modify frame 5.More preferably, when the fixed bracket of number plate is nonmetal parts, need to be arranged number plate rear back mat 6.
Wherein, front panel protective film 1 is very thin, colorless and transparent, it is desirable that waterproof, moisture-proof, weather-resistant property is stable, insulating properties Good, light transmittance height, generally by transparent plastics such as polyethylene (PE) film, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film, polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) films Composition, thickness are generally (8~15) μm, such as now popular portable type solar energy charging paper, charging knapsack it is flexible too The sun protective film before film that can charge is the same, is totally sticked to flexible solar battery film surface, main to play protection flexible solar electricity The effect of pond film.
Wherein, flexible solar battery film 2 is made of inorganic or organic polymer thin film solar battery, surface color It is modulated according to different Motor vehicle categories, meets the requirement of respective country standard (as met wanting for GA36 within Chinese territory Ask), it powers for 3 circuit of automotive number plate printed circuit board.Flexible solar battery film 2 can be individually made into and subsequent printing The thin slice of circuit board separation can also be directly printed on subsequent print between front panel protective film 1 and printed circuit board 3 3 surface of brush circuit version is done together with subsequent printed circuit board circuit, forms an entirety.
Printed circuit board 3 is made of insulated base material layer and printed circuit copper clad layers.If being on one side printed circuit copper clad layers Another side is insulated base material layer, and this printed circuit board is known as single-clad board；If the insulating substrate of printed circuit board There are printed circuit copper clad layers on layer two sides, then referred to as double-sided printed-circuit board；If containing multiple exhausted in a printed circuit board Edge substrate layer and printed circuit copper clad layers, then referred to as multi-panel printed circuit board.The face on printed circuit board, pasting/putting element claims member The face in part face, soldered elements pin claims welding surface.
Printed circuit board 3 provided in an embodiment of the present invention is multi-panel printed circuit board, and ground line and power supply line are generally routed In the middle layer of multi-panel, connected between layers by " via hole " or " pad ".
The substrate of printed circuit board 3 provided in an embodiment of the present invention is high molecular material, surface printing circuit copper clad layers Thickness is about 0.05mm.Requirement to pcb substrate is as follows: 1. electrical insulating property is good, dielectric constant is small and with frequency and The variation of temperature is small；2. bending strength is high；3. adaptive temperature is wide, thermal expansion coefficient is small, dimensional stability is high；4. fire protection flame retarding It is good；5. weldability is good, not aliquation/blistering/disengagement；6. chemical corrosion resistance is good, electrodepositable is high；7. moisture-proof is high, water absorption rate It is low；8. resistance to sunlight and weatherability are fabulous；9. bond strength is high, peel strength >=12N/cm of substrate and copper foil；10. meeting The correlation environmental requirement such as Rohs.
The substrate provided in an embodiment of the present invention for substantially conforming to above-mentioned requirements printed circuit board has: polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (F4/ PTFE) plate, cyanate ester resin (CE), polyphenylene oxide (PPO), polyimides (PI), phenylpropyl alcohol cyclobutane (BBCB) etc..
The material of back protective layer 4 provided in an embodiment of the present invention can be identical as the substrate of printed circuit board 3, can also not Together, main function is the printed circuit board of sealing or protection the front, after being located at printed circuit board 3 after can individually carrying out Face positions by screw and is fastened on behind printed circuit board 3, can also firmly stick together with printed circuit board 3, be made into one A entirety.Back protective layer may include back protection board and back protective film, after being if its thickness is more than certain numerical value Carry on the back protection board；Its very thin thickness, then be back protective film, and those skilled in the art can flexible setting according to actual needs.
The material of edge modification frame 5 requires to require can be the same or different with the material of back protective layer 4, but its face Color and size need to meet respective country standard.It is main to play beautiful and modification.Positioning is anchored on logical after it can individually be carried out With number plate matrix surrounding edge, it can also firmly stick together with general number plate matrix, become an entirety.
Several parts of the general number plate matrix of the embodiment of the present invention: front panel protective film 1, flexible solar battery film 2, After each sections such as printed circuit board 3, back protective layer 4, edge modification frame 5 complete, it can both be positioned and be fastened on by screw Together, an entirety can also be all cemented by way of bonding.
Automotive number plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention is not whole stamping forming, as " type composition ", It is made of the number plate font and general number plate matrix two parts of " work ".When certain automotive number plate is closed by machine choosing, the number of shaking, free etc. By after car owner and the confirmation of automotive number plate supervision department, librarian in card registration counter can be according to the automotive number plate institute having determined for method formality Need Chinese character, English, number, the blank character of color, picked out immediately from " fontlib " at once required Chinese character, English, number, Every symbol, the general number plate matrix of required color is selected from " general number plate matrix library " immediately further according to vehicle.Font back living Face has screw or rivet, and is drilled with what size was adapted with font back side screw or rivet corresponding position on general number plate matrix Font can be positioned through back protective layer and be fastened on general number plate matrix immediately, formed whole by through-hole, certificates handling staff A automotive number plate, and guarantee that its appearance and existing automotive number plate are the same, so as to eye-observation and compatible existing bat According to/picture pick-up device and system software.
Shown in Figure 5, the circuit being arranged on printed circuit board includes the first GNSS circuit, energy-storage battery management of charging and discharging Circuit and energy-storage battery, the microprogram control unit for supporting NB-IoT and LTE-V agreement (can backward compatible SMS and GPRS agreement) (MCU) and information storage circuit, information transmit-receive circuit.Preferably, microprogram control unit and information storage circuit also support IoT to assist View.Preferably, " IoT (Internet of Things) " agreement includes " ZigBee (wireless personal area network or purple honeybee)/Wi-Fi (WIreless- Fidelity/ is wirelessly connected or Wireless Fidelity)/BHT (Bluetooth/ bluetooth) " etc. and other " IoT (Internet of Things) " agreements Any combination or in which one of.
First GNSS circuit is for supporting various global location navigation satellite communication protocols to realize the complete of automotive number plate Ball positioning.Information transmit-receive circuit for being supported the communication of NB-IoT, LTE-V, IoT agreement with outside, and preferably may be used Backward compatible SMS and GPRS agreement.
First GNSS circuit is sequentially connected electrically with microprogram control unit and information storage circuit, information transmit-receive circuit.Shred Sequence controller and information storage circuit are electrically connected with energy-storage battery management of charging and discharging circuit and energy-storage battery.
Energy-storage battery management of charging and discharging circuit and energy-storage battery are connect with flexible solar battery film, and energy-storage battery is for leading to The electric energy for crossing the acquisition flexible solar battery film conversion of energy-storage battery management of charging and discharging circuit is powered or external alternating current is deposited Storage can after power.
Preferably, the first GNSS circuit, including BDS (China), GPS (U.S.), GALILEO (Europe), GLONASS (Russia Ross), QZSS (Japan), the six directions one such as SBAS (global satellite-based augmentation system) or in which any combination global navigational satellite system It unites circuit, so that the automotive number plate or hanging the motor vehicle of the automotive number plate and positioning and navigated without dead zone in the world And blind spot.Currently, as an embodiment, the communication of the first GNSS circuit and MCU execute NMEA-0183 standard.Ability Field technique personnel can technical concept according to the present invention, the requirement for the newest communication standard that follows up at any time and use new communication standard to assist View, is not limited to only with NMEA-0183 standard.
Energy-storage battery management of charging and discharging circuit and energy-storage battery, including the interface and conversion with flexible solar battery film 2 Circuit, energy-storage battery charge-discharge control circuit and energy-storage battery etc..Automotive number plate circuit is due to adopting described in the embodiment of the present invention With the low consumption circuits such as NB-IoT and LTE-V or ZigBee and communication protocol, energy consumption is extremely low, motor vehicle normally travel feelings Under condition, the automotive number plate circuit power supply needs of the embodiment of the present invention have been fully met by foregoing soft solar battery film, But when motor vehicle rests in building, driving at night or meet especially severe rainy weather when, if without backup battery, just not Can guarantee the automotive number plate or hang the motor vehicle of the automotive number plate in the world can reliable paging or effectively logical Letter, therefore, it is necessary to be equipped with energy-storage battery, when the work of flexible solar battery film, flexible solar battery film is not only given motor-driven The power supply of number plate circuit is also energy-storage battery charging；When flexible solar battery film is unable to reliably working, put by energy-storage battery Electricity powers to automotive number plate circuit.Currently, the storage of the automotive number plate practical service environment of inventive embodiments can be met Can battery have: polymer lithium ion chargeable battery, carbonic acid lithium iron battery, nickel-metal hydride battery and by the order mesoporous graphene of N doping High-performance superbattery, the capacitor of material composition.In order to effectively manage the charge and discharge process of energy-storage battery, including effectively control Charge and discharge electro-temperature, charging and discharging currents, charging/discharging voltage, charge and discharge time and ambient temperature and humidity monitoring of battery etc., this field skill Art personnel can according to the present invention technical solution in practical applications, energy-storage battery and corresponding energy-storage battery for different vendor It is equipped with different charge and discharge control chip and circuit.The energy-storage battery of the embodiment of the present invention can be permanently embedded in printed circuit board Interbed can also be located at outside printed circuit board, in order to replace.
Shown in Figure 6, as an embodiment, microprogram control unit (MCU) and information storage circuit are with low function Single-chip microcontroller is consumed for core composition, comprising: low-power scm minimum unit, random data memory (RAM), program and fixed number According to memory (including ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, FLASH etc.), battery management circuit interface, GNSS circuit interface, nothing Line telecommunication circuit interface, A/D converter circuit and interface etc..
Random data memory, program and fixed data memory, battery management circuit interface, GNSS circuit interface, nothing Line telecommunication circuit interface, A/D converter circuit and interface are electrically connected with low-power scm minimum unit；
Battery management circuit interface with energy-storage battery management of charging and discharging circuit and energy-storage battery for docking；Wireless communication electricity Road interface with information transmit-receive circuit for docking；GNSS circuit interface with the first GNSS circuit for docking.
Low-power scm minimum unit is the core of entire automotive number plate circuit, including central processing unit (CPU), bus, register, accumulator, for the first GNSS circuit, energy-storage battery management of charging and discharging circuit and energy-storage battery, Information transmit-receive circuit is controlled.
Random data memory (RAM) is used to store intermediate variable and the parameter etc. in CPU program operation process；Program and Fixed data memory is used to store the program that single-chip microcontroller is run and some fixations and semifixed data and parameter, such as motor vehicle Number plate information, motor vehicle householder information, motor vehicle production and engine parameter information etc..Battery management circuit interface is used for battery The connection for managing circuit and single-chip microcontroller, is conducive to control of the single-chip microcontroller to battery management circuit；GNSS circuit interface, being used for will be low Power consumption single-chip microcontroller minimum unit and the first GNSS circuit of different vendor are effectively connected, so that monolithic function reliably receives The data of GNSS and effectively control is carried out to the first GNSS circuit, the general communication protocol of GNSS executes NMEA-0183 mark at present It is quasi-.
Radio communication circuit interface, for carrying out being reliably connected for single-chip microcontroller and radio communication circuit, including data transmission Interface and level shifting circuit etc..A/D converter circuit and interface mix Temperature Humidity Sensor and photo resistance etc., are used for detection machine Motor-car number plate ambient enviroment temperature and humidity, illumination condition etc., are conducive to single-chip microcontroller and adjust inner parameter in time.
Currently, the GNSS circuit of many navigator fix chips manufacturer production is several with the progress of super large-scale integration It has included one function of the six directions and navigation and positioning algorithm described above, those skilled in the art's technology structure according to the present invention Think, the interface being connected with control circuit (MCU) can be gone out for different GNSS circuit designs.
Preferably, in addition to being integrated with RAM, ROM/ inside the low-power scm minimum unit of the embodiment of the present invention Outside EPROM/EEPROM/FLASH, AD/DA conversion circuit can be also integrated.
Preferably, the radio communication circuit interface, information transmit-receive circuit of the embodiment of the present invention and its communication protocol integrate In MCU, periphery only needs to add a little element.And the MCU of the embodiment of the present invention should be used and be met NB-IoT and LTE-V communication protocols The MCU chip of view and telecommunication circuit.
Preferably, automotive number plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention further includes Anti-dismantling/anti-theft circuit, microprogram control unit And information storage circuit is additionally provided with Anti-dismantling/anti-theft circuit interface, low-power scm minimum unit passes through Anti-dismantling/antitheft Circuit interface is electrically connected with the Anti-dismantling/anti-theft circuit.
The embodiment of the invention provides the following two kinds Anti-dismantling/anti-theft circuit embodiments:
First method: as shown in fig. 7, in multi-panel printed circuit board middle layer, for hanging machine shown in Fig. 4 a 4 screw hole locations of motor-car number plate are individually identified as a, b, c, d, and in " metal pore-formed " processing, copper is covered on surface in 4 holes.If It is grounded (GND) at a, connects positive pole through second to the 4th pull-up resistor R2, R3, R4 respectively at b, c, d tri-, at b, c, d tri- It is separately input to the input terminal of " four input nand gates " U1.When number plate is normally hung, respectively through fastening screw and machine at b, c, d tri- Motor-car metallic support is connected and is grounded with a, and U1 exports high level；If there is improper disassembly and divides with vehicle frame in automotive number plate From, at b, c, d because pull-up resistor act on due to become high potential, make U1 export low level.If number plate is corroded because hanging for a long time, make It cannot be connected with a or ground at the somewhere of b, c, d, as long as upper circuit is it is found that there is any place to be connected with a accordingly at b, c, d tri- Ground, U1 export high level.U1, R1 can also be omitted, the lead of 3 points of b, c, d of connection can directly connect accordingly drawing for MCU respectively Foot.
If the bracket of fixed number plate is nonmetal parts, i.e., increase " the number plate back being made by metal material behind number plate Pad ", to guarantee to be grounded at a." number plate rear back mat " can be " " shape for the non-hollow out in centre that whole block material is made into, can also be as " time " shape shown in Fig. 8 or Etc. any shape As long as formula has at b, c, d tri- and is connected at any place and a of ground connection guarantee normal use.One embodiment of the invention For the front view of automotive number plate referring to shown in Fig. 9 a, the lateral plan with number plate rear back mat is including solid referring to shown in Fig. 9 b State living body character a, front panel protective film 1, flexible solar battery film 2, printed circuit board 3, back protective layer 4, edge modification Frame 5, number plate rear back mat 6, positioning fastening screw/nut 7, number plate fixing screws 8, the fixed bracket 9 of number plate.
Second method: it is shown in Figure 10, in the printed circuit board at the position shown in figure 4a for indicating a, b, c, d Interbed is laid with pressure-sensitive strain resistor or other strain transducers, under normal circumstances, because of the effect of fastening screw, strain The resistance value of resistance or the output of strain transducer are pressurized at this due to deviate usual value；When the improper disassembly of generation number plate, The resistance value of strain resistor or the output of strain transducer are restored to usual value because of the dismounting of fastening screw, by pressure-sensitive electrostrictive strain The variable quantity of resistance or the output variable quantity of strain transducer are converted into differential pressure signal, then by this differential pressure signal through signal processing electricity Road (such as differential pressure amplification, filtering, shaping) is sent into single-chip microcontroller after A/D converter circuit and is compared, judges, thus perceive it is non-just Often disassembly behavior.If MCU has been internally integrated converter, and has corresponding AD conversion input pin, i.e., above-mentioned differential pressure signal warp After signal processing circuit, it is no longer necessary to which external A/D converter circuit is directly inputted to the corresponding AD conversion input pin of MCU, and MCU is through inside AD conversion compares, judges, to perceive improper disassembly behavior (if passing through software ratio without hardware comparator inside MCU More also it may be implemented).If placing magnetic induction sensor in the certain positions of printed circuit board, since motor vehicle belongs to big metal objects, When automotive number plate makes automotive number plate far from motor vehicle due to improper disassembly, magnetic induction sensor output variation letter Number, the processing class of the handling principle of the signal and the variation of pressure-strain resistance or the variation of the output signal of strain transducer Seemingly.
Automotive number plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention can be completed immediately after car owner chooses, therefore using this After inventive embodiments automotive number plate, as new cell-phone on number, motor vehicle new car on number librarian in card registration counter is supervised in motor vehicle and is managed New number plate and related management/possession identity/are written in reason system and purchases information, vehicle and engine factory parameter, new motor-driven The initial parameter of number plate is (such as whether open Anti-dismantling/anti-theft function, tight using which kind of Anti-dismantling/antitheft mode, License Plate Admittedly being four screw positioning fastening means or two screw positioning fastening means, whether monitoring ambient temperature and humidity and illumination parameter Deng) after, this patent institute can be written into relevant information immediately through the agreements such as NB-IoT described in the embodiment of the present invention or LTE-V, IoT It states in the chip of general number plate matrix of automotive number plate, can instantaneously complete motor vehicle new car on number process.Using the present invention Automotive number plate, due to new number plate immediate delivery, there is no need to interim number plate is arranged.
In embodiments of the present invention, pre-installed software includes at least in the general number plate matrix of automotive number plate: NB-IoT is logical Interrogate agreement, LTE-V (car networking) agreement [includes at least V2X (environment such as vehicle and infrastructure and people) and V2V (vehicle and vehicle ) agreement], IoT agreement, GNSS navigator fix interface and algorithm, base station location algorithm, power-management interface and power management, Number plate data acquisition, storage and data base administration, environmental data collecting, storage and management, Anti-dismantling/antitheft interface and processing, Anomalous event response and processing, internal main program, online programmable support software etc..IoT protocol software category option.As to Lower compatibility may also comprise SMS and GPRS agreement software and hardware.
Embodiment two
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of automotive number plate management system for supporting mixed networking technology, including as implemented Automotive number plate described in example one, automotive number plate information is read and wireless remote transmitting device, supervising platform etc., passes through common moving Communication base station and wired internet realize interconnection.
As a preferred embodiment, the automotive number plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention for supporting mixed networking technology Management system is shown in Figure 11, and wherein automotive number plate is configured with NB-IoT agreement for realizing wide-area networking；It is configured with LTE-V agreement and NB-IoT agreement are used for and reading automotive number plate information and the wireless remote transmission dress on traffic route both sides or top Set communication；It is used for configured with LTE-V agreement and another automotive number plate communicates.In general, automotive number plate is configured with NB- IoT and two agreements of LTE-V are enough, but in order to handle anomalous event and take into account it is that current passenger wears, on motor vehicle The interconnection of the IoT equipment such as Wi-Fi, BHT and ZigBee through being furnished with, must also be soft equipped with IoT hardware setting and prepackage respective protocol Part.In Figure 11, the supervising platform of the automotive number plate management system of the embodiment of the present invention is various automotive number plates and motor-driven Vehicle traffic supervision/management/charging system.As backward compatible, SMS and GPRS software and hardware can be equipped with.
Shown in Figure 12, automotive number plate information is read and wireless remote transmitting device includes solar cell module, energy storage Battery management circuit and energy-storage battery group, the 2nd GNSS circuit, take pictures/picture pick-up device, MCU software and hardware processing module and base station Telecommunication circuit and automotive number plate telecommunication circuit.Wherein, in most cases automotive number plate information read and wireless remote transmitting device For non-moving type device, no longer changed substantially after its position determines, so its 2nd GNSS circuit can save, location information can It is manually entered in its installation or is inputted by system background；When system is by base station location, the 2nd GNSS circuit can also be saved, is filled Seated position information is determined by " the base station location algorithm " of internal software.
It reads automotive number plate information and wireless remote transmitting device includes: the traffic above traffic route with both sides on the way Monitoring device, traffic route operation maintenance toll station charging device, hand-held terminal device etc..
Read the air interface protocol between automotive number plate information and wireless remote transmitting device, with public mobile communication base station The communication executed between NB-IoT agreement and automotive number plate preferentially uses LTE-V agreement, if meeting urgent anomalous event or LTE- NB-IoT agreement or IoT agreement are used when V fails；It is executed between 2nd GNSS circuit and MCU software and hardware processing module general NMEA-0183 standard agreement.When system is positioned using base station location rather than GNSS, the location protocol of GNSS can be saved, is executed Internal " base station location algorithm " software.As backward compatible, also provided with SMS and GPRS agreement software and hardware.
/ the picture pick-up device of taking pictures for reading automotive number plate information and wireless remote transmitting device, for take pictures to automotive number plate/ Camera shooting, identifies for MCU, extracts, compares, transmits.When a certain automotive number plate passes through the present apparatus, it starts immediately takes pictures/takes the photograph It is communicated as program, with automotive number plate and extracts automotive number plate program.Under normal circumstances, the present apparatus is only recorded through a certain of it The nearest record of automotive number plate, and some region of number plate management system is given in proper time period teletransmission.If a certain pass through this The image that the automotive number plate of device is taken pictures/imaged is identified, extract after when not being inconsistent with it through communicating acquired number plate information, The present apparatus starts immediately retakes/rephotography program, program of recommunicating, if comparison result is consistent, that is, returns to normal procedure；If a certain Its number plate information or its image number plate taken pictures/imaged cannot be obtained by intercommunication by the automotive number plate of the present apparatus Information and its when not being inconsistent still through communicating acquired number plate information, the present apparatus starts anomalous event processing routine immediately, will compare The number plate management system in the region is given to result teletransmission immediately, or starts the subsequent reading automotive number plate information of the roadside And wireless remote transmitting device starts hook procedure, checks and verify the abnormal conditions category automotive number plate fault or deck, false-trademark feelings Condition carries out remaining processing sequences.In this way, thoroughly prevent motor vehicle deck, false-trademark phenomenon.If a certain motor vehicle occurs Violating the regulations, the present apparatus can start processing routine violating the regulations immediately, on the one hand the violation information teletransmission of the motor vehicle is given to number in the region On the other hand board management system notifies the automotive number plate through signal procedure immediately or hangs on the motor vehicle of the automotive number plate Mobile unit, allow car owner violating the regulations that can understand violation information in real time, avoid at present mix the genuine with the fictitious on the net it is so-called " motor vehicle disobey The many false informations of chapter inquiry system ", the phenomenon that even someone extorts car owner accordingly generation.
Wherein, solar battery group is either monocrystalline silicon/polysilicon solar cell, it is soft to be also possible to thin polymer film Property solar battery, it is desirable that as far as possible using high conversion efficiency, light transmittance is high, waterproof and dampproof, small, the adaptive temperature model of weatherability variation Width is enclosed, and the solar battery with antifouling/antireflective/anti-reflection reflective surface plated film, technology free of cleaning, non-maintaining.In order to keep away Anomalous event caused by exempting from because of solar cell failure or failure, the present apparatus remain mains-supplied circuit.
Energy-storage battery manages circuit and energy-storage battery group includes two parts: energy-storage battery group, energy-storage battery management of charging and discharging Circuit.The energy-storage battery group includes lead storage battery, lithium battery, graphene battery etc., it is desirable that against weather is good, vibration resistance and punching It hits, moistureproof and waterproof, air-tightness are good, security performance is high, no leakage, the long, charge and discharge without cell expansion and fracture phenomena, charge discharge life Good electrical property, anti-overcharge/overdischarge ability are strong, energy density is high, long service life, self-discharge rate is low, security performance is superior, Maintenance is simple and has non-maintaining characteristic.
Energy-storage battery manages the characteristics of circuit is mainly the energy-storage battery according to selection come configuration circuit, to guarantee preferably Service life, the automatic adjustment battery charge and discharge performance for safeguarding battery selected by the performance of selected energy-storage battery, raising, avoid artificial as far as possible Maintenance times keep battery durable, and the service life is long.
The public mobile communication of the automotive number plate management system provided in an embodiment of the present invention for supporting mixed networking technology The existing almost honeycomb covering the whole world at present set up by the public mobile communications such as movement/telecommunications department can be used in base station Formula mobile communication base station.The parameters such as these base station transmitting powers, frequency and regular traffic vary without, it is only necessary to according to the present invention The communicating requirement of NB-IoT described in embodiment, reasonable distribution resource add NB-IoT agreement and carry out related service.
Various automotive number plates and automobile traffic supervision/management/charging system, may include: 1. government's motor vehicle prison The automotive number plate production supervision management system of the motor vehicle monitoring management system of pipe portion door, 2. automotive number plate production division, 3. motor vehicle uses the motor vehicle operation management system of operation department, 4. traffic route operation, maintenance, management, charge department Charging administration system, 5. traffic route and parking lot fee collection management system, 6., urban highway traffic maintaining-managing system, 7. city 8. city's public transit system holds automotive number plate supervisory systems etc..As shown in figure 13.
NB- is used between " various automotive number plates and automobile traffic supervision/management/charging system " described in this patent IoT agreement realized by cellular public mobile communications network and interconnected, can also be via cable network or cable network and wireless The integrated network of network composition realizes interconnection.
Various automotive number plates and automobile traffic supervision/management/charging system, terminal in the embodiment of the present invention are soft or hard Part configuration must install NB-IoT communication protocol additional and meet the channel radio of the communication protocol in addition to Routine Management system must have configuration Believe the interface between software and hardware between circuit and radio communication circuit and MCU or system host.
Meanwhile in various automotive number plates and automobile traffic supervision/management/charging system automotive number plate coding and Automotive number plate information contained executes national standard (such as " the motor-driven license number of GAT 1135-2014 of unified newest effective version Board management information system technology specification ", " 2260 administrative regional division of the People's Republic of China's code of GB/T ", " 20271 information of GB/T Safe practice information system universal safety technical requirements ", " the 7th part of 16.7 control of traffic and road message code of GA/T: motor-driven Number plate category codes ", " 36 People's Republic of China's automotive number plate of GA ", " Police Information communication network networked devices and application System registry management method " etc.).
The automotive number plate and automotive number plate management system of the prior art, the technology for not only having recognition accuracy low Defect, there is also as following drawbacks:
In the fraud technology higher and higher present age, existing automotive number plate cannot be accomplished completely anti-fake.Number plate in order to prevent Personation/forgery, government take a large amount of manpower/material resources every year, and the department from producing and selling to using supervises layer by layer, but still It can not prevent the phenomenon that number plate is palmed off/forged；
Due to there is no automotive number plate can not to be forbidden artificially illegally to be dismantled or stolen using reliable Anti-dismantling measure；
Although automotive number plate information is flat using internet (Internet) platform and public mobile communication SMS (short message) Platform or GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) platform realize teletransmission, but take pictures or image limitation of layouting due to monitored, work as quilt When robber's motor vehicle or automotive number plate leave monitoring range or enter the blind area in monitoring range, it cannot still chase after effectively in real time The whereabouts of track stolen vehicle and number plate；
Number plate identification/the extraction system for relying on wired internet (Internet) can only be in the short distance occasion for facilitating wiring It uses, is difficult to realize information remote transmitting on motor-driven vehicle going road, and with high costs, site operation is difficult；
The SMS (short message) or GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) platform for relying on public mobile communication realize that information is wireless Teletransmission avoids independent networking pressure although coverage area can be very wide, and SMS/GPRS platform category common moving information is flat Platform is total to resource with mobile terminal devices such as mobile phones, and capacity is restricted, is unfavorable for a wide range of networking；
Automotive number plate information extraction/remote transmitting system belongs to burst type to the utilization of information, does not have to usually, the used time requires again Real-time, accurate and fast reaction, if the SMS (short message) or GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) that rely on public mobile communication are flat Platform realizes information wireless remote transmission, and idle occupies vast resources, results in waste of resources, and used time often inadequate resource, especially exists Certain information congestion periods, it is unable to quick response；
Although the rate of mobile communication are lower and lower, current SMS/GPRS use cost is still higher, is unfavorable for motor-driven Number plate information extraction/remote transmitting system is long-term, a wide range of networking.
And the automotive number plate and management system provided by the invention for supporting mixed networking technology, it provides a kind of completely new The automotive number plate of support NB-IoT/LTE-V/IoT mixed networking and relevant management system, can effectively solve the problem that above-mentioned ask Topic.Its technical solution is mainly one real to automotive number plate corresponding information using narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) radio transmitting method Existing wireless remote transmission；Second is that automotive number plate to be made into the automotive number plate for both meeting GA36 standard using the method for electromechanical Shape, compatible eye recognition and/camera system of taking pictures, and include " narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT)/car networking (LTE-V)/Internet of Things The electromechanical integration of net (IoT)+Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)+flexible solar battery group " circuit or any combination thereof Real meaning automotive number plate.
The predecessor of narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) standard is LTE-M (Long Term Evolution Machine to Machine), later, International Telecommunication Association formally externally discloses IoT (Internet of Things) standard, and it is (narrow that LTE-M is renamed as NB-IoT then Band Internet of Things).By 3GPP (The 3rd Generation Partnership Project), (third generation affiliate is counted for it Draw) group is woven in R12 standard and proposes, and is able in R13 standard further perfect.It is by means of MIMO (Multi-Input& Multi-Output) (multiple-input and multiple-output) and OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) The new crucial transmission technology and modulator approach such as (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing), has been obviously improved the data transmission capabilities of wireless network And data transmission bauds.Its wide frequency range, not only supports global mainstream 2G/3G/4G frequency range, also supports 4.5GHz's or more Newly-increased frequency range, therefore, frequency spectrum distribution is more flexible, not only reduces the complexity of system, but also power system capacity and coverage area The features such as being obviously improved, not only having met low-power consumption, the high delay, low performance of IoT (Internet of Things), but also overcome IoT (Internet of Things) only The shortcomings that energy short-distance transmission, it is convenient for information wireless remote transmission.The automotive number plate management system of the embodiment of the present invention uses NB- The wireless remote transmission that IoT technology carries out information has the advantages that
1. narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) belongs to normalized LPWA (low-power consumption wide area) wireless cellular network, low strap is aimed at Width, low-power consumption, Internet of Things that is remote and largely connecting are applied and are designed.Compared to technology in short distance, it is not necessarily to additional portion Aggregation gateway is affixed one's name to, the lower deployment cost and complexity of user are greatly reduced, application terminal plug and play eliminates deployment limitation； It is (long that NB-IoT is deployed directly into GSM (global system for mobile communications) network, UMTS (Universal Mobile Communication System) network or LTE Phase evolution) network, can be multiplexed with existing network base station, without additional website/transfer resource, greatly reduce lower deployment cost, Convenient for network smooth upgrade and Expansion.In addition, application band using operator it is controllable have license frequency spectrum, can manage, nothing [2.4GHz used in the Internet of Things such as Wi-Fi/BHT/ZigBee currently uses (such as intercommunication by multiple business without license frequency spectrum for interference Machine, medical treatment and wireless control of industry etc.), unknowable air interference can bring extreme influence to its business experience].
2. NB-IoT uses individual 180kHz narrowband slice, it is not take up the voice-and-data bandwidth of existing network, is guaranteed Traditional business and the following internet of things service can stable simultaneously, reliable progress.The 2G/3G/4G network existing compared to operator, specially Then there are absolute predominance, the narrowband of 200kHz or so in technical performance and professional ability for the NB-IoT technology that Internet of Things designs Demand can make full use of the scattered frequency spectrum of operator, and be capable of providing the connection scale of hundred times of 4G, hundred times of 2G it is sensitive Degree, in the case where same base station, NB-IoT can provide 50~100 times of access number than existing wireless technology.
3. NB-IoT ratio LTE (long term evolution) promotes 20dB gain, 100 times of transmitting power promotion are equivalent to, that is, is covered 100 times of capability improving, even if can also be covered in the place that the signals such as underground garage, basement are difficult to reach.Under traditionally In garage navigation positioning system network struction by the local area radios technology such as Wi-Fi, BHT support, therefore this navigation indicate Network is only limited to the use of this parking lot.If the NB-IoT network covered using depth, plug-in locating module is only needed, and Trans-regional parking instruction and navigation can be constructed.
4. low power consumption characteristic is not only Internet of Things and applies an important indicator, also the one of protenchyma working application Important indicator.This is provided using solar battery group power supply for the automotive number plate of the embodiment of the present invention and is fully ensured that.Communication The energy of equipment consumption is often related to data volume or rate, i.e., the size that data packet is issued in the unit time determines power consumption Size.Data volume is small, and the modem and power amplifier of equipment can be transferred to very small level.NB-IoT focuses small data Amount, small rate application, therefore NB-IoT equipment power dissipation can accomplish it is very small.In addition, in order to further decrease power consumption, NB-IoT Introduce overlength DRX (discontinuous reception) power conservation techniques and PSM (power saving state) mode.NB-IoT can allow equipment Always Online", But paging information is not received by the unnecessary signaling of reduction and in PSM state to reach power saving purpose.As shown in figure 14.
5. low rate low-power consumption low bandwidth bring is low-cost advantage.Rate is low, and there is no need to cache greatly, it is possible to Small, DSP (digital signal processor) is cached with setting low；Low-power consumption, it is meant that RF design requirement is low, and small PA (power amplifier) is just It is able to achieve；Because of low bandwidth, equalization algorithm ... these factors that just should not be complicated are made very small NB-IoT chip. NB-IoT can accomplish low cost.Further, since the huge market NB-IoT demand makes NB-IoT obtain global more multicore The support of piece manufacturer.NB-IoT standard 3GPP R13 is completed and is freezed on June 22nd, 2016, and many whole world mainstream communications are set Standby quotient, operator and chip manufacturer, which have specified, to be promoted the extensive commercial target of NB-IoT and has developed mostly corresponding Chip.Future, the use cost of NB-IoT can be lower and lower.
LTE-V (car networking) is the technology that most fast, earliest application market is developed in IoT (Internet of Things) development process.It with NB-IoT is the same, is all from the development of LTE (long term evolution), but give birth to particular for motor-driven car networking, mainly includes V2V (vapour Vehicle and automobile) and V2X (automobile and surrounding include the environment such as people and equipment).Comparatively, NB-IoT bias toward solve it is relatively quiet Only, interconnection problem between long range, low-power consumption, magnanimity object object；LTE-V, which is biased toward, solves relative motion, short distance, low-power consumption, sea Interconnection problem between amount object object.And at present the IoT technology such as widely used WiFi, BHT and ZigBee then bias toward solve it is relatively quiet Only, the problem of short distance, low-power consumption, magnanimity object object are connected (interconnects) between such as intelligent appliance.
The present invention provides a kind of completely new automotive number plates, by type body and general number plate matrix combination, and motor-driven Flexible solar battery is used in number plate；And hiding Anti-dismantling/anti-theft technique is used in automotive number plate；It sets simultaneously It is equipped with GNSS positioning and navigation feature；/ photographed images the requirement that eye recognition and can take pictures for complying fully with existing national standards is It is a not only there are traditional license plate sShape features, can be completely compatible with existing identification equipment, but also support NB-IoT/LTE-V/IoT Communication protocol can realize the Automated electronic number plate of data wireless remote transmission；It is arranged simultaneously and reads automotive number plate information and radio remote Device is passed, realizes that image recognition is read board with electronics and combined, is especially used cooperatively with highway ETC system, prevents completely Deck, false-trademark phenomenon；
And by reading automotive number plate information and wireless remote transmitting device, various automotive number plates and automobile traffic The software and hardware setting of NB-IoT agreement and LTE-V agreement and IoT agreement in supervision/management/charging system three parts, so that being Uniting has the characteristic of online programmable, can be modified, be corrected by online programming when agreement, relevant parameter change；
In addition in " automotive number plate " using inorganic or organic polymer solar cell, circuit board preferentially selects electricity The polymer organic plastics of the superior performances such as magnetic, physics, chemistry, to guarantee long-time stability and advance；Read motor vehicle number Board information and wireless remote transmitting device, it is preferential to select solar battery as power supply power supply, electric energy is saved, wire cable is reduced and is laid with Spending, is suitable for the requirement of roadside.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to non-row His property includes, so that the process, method, article or equipment for including a series of elements not only includes those elements, and And further include other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, article or equipment institute it is intrinsic Element.In the absence of more restrictions, the element limited by sentence " including one ", it is not excluded that There is also other identical factors in the process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done be should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of automotive number plate for supporting mixed networking technology, which is characterized in that including solid-state living body character and general number plate Matrix；
The solid-state living body character and the general disassembled connection of number plate matrix；
The general number plate matrix, including set gradually front panel protective film, flexible solar battery film, printed circuit board and Back protective layer；
The circuit being arranged on the printed circuit board includes the first GNSS circuit, energy-storage battery management of charging and discharging circuit and energy storage electricity Pond, microprogram control unit and information storage circuit, information transmit-receive circuit；
The first GNSS circuit is for supporting various global location navigation satellite communication protocols to realize the complete of automotive number plate Ball positioning；
The first GNSS circuit is sequentially connected electrically with the microprogram control unit and information storage circuit, information transmit-receive circuit； The microprogram control unit and information storage circuit are electrically connected with the energy-storage battery management of charging and discharging circuit and energy-storage battery；
The energy-storage battery management of charging and discharging circuit and energy-storage battery are connect with the flexible solar battery film, the energy storage electricity The electric energy that pond is used to obtain the flexible solar battery film conversion by the energy-storage battery management of charging and discharging circuit is supplied It powers after electricity or external alternating current storage electric energy；
The microprogram control unit and information storage circuit support NB-IoT agreement and LTE-V agreement, or also support IoT association View, or also backward compatible SMS protocol and GPRS agreement；
The microprogram control unit and information storage circuit include low-power scm minimum unit, random data memory, journey Sequence and fixed data memory, battery management circuit interface, GNSS circuit interface, radio communication circuit interface, A/D converter circuit And interface；
The low-power scm minimum unit, including CPU, bus, register, accumulator, for the first GNSS electricity Road, energy-storage battery management of charging and discharging circuit and energy-storage battery, information transmit-receive circuit are controlled；
Described program and fixed data memory, for storing the program and various fixations and semifixed number that the CPU is run According to and parameter, including but not limited to automotive number plate information, motor vehicle owner identity information, motor vehicle production and engine parameter Information；
The random data memory, program and fixed data memory, battery management circuit interface, GNSS circuit interface, nothing Line telecommunication circuit interface, A/D converter circuit and interface are electrically connected with the low-power scm minimum unit；
The battery management circuit interface with the energy-storage battery management of charging and discharging circuit and energy-storage battery for docking；The nothing Line telecommunication circuit interface with the information transmit-receive circuit for docking；The GNSS circuit interface is used for and the first GNSS electricity Road docking.
2. the automotive number plate according to claim 1 for supporting mixed networking technology, which is characterized in that further include tamper / anti-theft circuit is unloaded, the microprogram control unit and information storage circuit are additionally provided with Anti-dismantling/anti-theft circuit interface, described low Power consumption single-chip microcontroller minimum unit is electrically connected by the Anti-dismantling/anti-theft circuit interface with the Anti-dismantling/anti-theft circuit.
3. the automotive number plate according to claim 2 for supporting mixed networking technology, which is characterized in that the Anti-dismantling/ Anti-theft circuit includes first to fourth pull-up resistor R1-R4 and four input nand gate U1；
The general number plate matrix is equipped with 4 screw holes for hanging on motor vehicle, and the printed circuit board is multi-panel Printed circuit board covers copper in 4 screw hole surfaces of the middle layer of the multi-panel printed circuit board, be successively individually identified as a, b, C, it is grounded at d, a, passes through the 4th pull-up resistor R4, third pull-up resistor R3, the second pull-up resistor R2 and electricity at b, c, d tri- respectively Source anode is connected, and the first pull-up resistor one terminates positive pole, be separately input at the other end and b, c, d tri- four input with The input terminal of NOT gate U1；The output end of the four input nand gates U1 is connected to institute by the Anti-dismantling/anti-theft circuit interface State low-power scm minimum unit.
4. the automotive number plate according to claim 2 for supporting mixed networking technology, which is characterized in that the Anti-dismantling/ Anti-theft circuit includes strain transducer and/or magnetic induction sensor and signal processing circuit；
The printed circuit board is multi-panel printed circuit board, and the strain transducer is set in the multi-panel printed circuit board Interbed；The automotive number plate is fixed on motor vehicle casing by fastening screw；
When automotive number plate is fixed on motor vehicle, because of the effect of the fastening screw, the strain transducer is due to compression Its output is set to deviate preset value；When the improper disassembly of generation automotive number plate, the output of the strain transducer is because of fastening The dismounting of screw and be restored to preset value, and by output variable quantity be converted into differential pressure signal；
The magnetic induction sensor is set on the printed circuit board, for making automotive number plate in improper disassembly When far from motor vehicle, output variation magnetic strength induction signal；
The differential pressure signal or the variation magnetic strength induction signal turn after the signal processing circuit carries out signal processing through AD It changes and is input to the low-power scm minimum unit, the low-power scm minimum unit is to the differential pressure signal or magnetic Inductive signal is analyzed and determined；
The signal processing includes but is not limited to differential pressure amplification, filtering, shaping.
5. the automotive number plate according to claim 1-4 for supporting mixed networking technology, which is characterized in that described Printed circuit board includes insulated base material layer and printed circuit copper clad layers；
The material of the insulated base material layer includes polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), cyanate ester resin plate, polyphenylene oxide, polyimides, phenylpropyl alcohol ring fourth One of alkene is a variety of.
6. the automotive number plate according to claim 1-4 for supporting mixed networking technology, which is characterized in that described Energy-storage battery includes but is not limited to polymer lithium ion chargeable battery, carbonic acid lithium iron battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, orderly by N doping High-performance superbattery, the capacitor of mesoporous grapheme material composition.
7. the automotive number plate according to claim 1-4 for supporting mixed networking technology, which is characterized in that described The communication of GNSS circuit and the microprogram control unit and information storage circuit executes NMEA-0183 standard；The microprogram control NB-IoT and LTE-V agreement is supported in the communication of device and information storage circuit processed and the information transmit-receive circuit, or also supports IoT Agreement and backward compatible SMS and GPRS agreement.
8. a kind of automotive number plate management system for supporting mixed networking technology, which is characterized in that including as described in claim 1 Automotive number plate, automotive number plate information read and wireless remote transmitting device, supervising platform；
The automotive number plate information read and wireless remote transmitting device include solar cell module, energy-storage battery management circuit and Energy-storage battery group, the 2nd GNSS circuit, take pictures/picture pick-up device, MCU software and hardware processing module, with base station communication circuit, with it is motor-driven Number plate telecommunication circuit；
The automotive number plate information is read and the air interface protocol between wireless remote transmitting device, with public mobile communication base station The communication executed between NB-IoT agreement or also backward compatible SMS and GPRS agreement and the automotive number plate uses LTE-V Agreement uses NB-IoT agreement or IoT agreement when LTE-V fails；
General NMEA-0183 standard agreement is executed between the 2nd GNSS circuit and the MCU software and hardware processing module.
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