CN106407302A - Method for supporting function of calling specific functions of middleware database through simple SQL - Google Patents
Method for supporting function of calling specific functions of middleware database through simple SQL Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for supporting a function of calling specific functions of a middleware database through a simple SQL. The method is characterized in that users have the highly customizable performance and the operation simplification on database functions. The method comprises the following steps of: (1), setting up an architecture; (2), creating an index file; (3), storing data in different databases; (4), querying and expanding; (5), querying and analyzing; (6), performing routing binding and distributing; (7), executing the method; and (8), packaging a result, and returning. By means of the method disclosed by the invention, in a distributed database environment, for specific functions of various node databases, users can realize unified calling through an intermediate management platform only by using simple SQL-like statements.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind calls bottom heterogeneous database spy's functional method in distributed data base middleware.
Background technology
Fast development with computer and information technology and the becoming increasingly popular in every profession and trade application, the mankind have been enter into
In the big data epoch, the mass property of big data, isomerism etc. " 4V " feature brings huge challenge to traditional database technique.For
Make up deficiency in terms of processing big data for the relevant database, various non-relational database are arisen at the historic moment.Non-relational
Data base has the advantage of oneself uniqueness on the premise of optimized integration function in some or many aspects, and such as MongDB exists
File storage is supported on storage class, functionally primary support MapReduce, Aggregation Pipeline etc. operate.
On the other hand, along with the sharp increase of data scale, data management has become trend to distributed development.Traditional is distributed
Database construction is complicated, and distributed management is integrated in data base itself it is difficult to integrate to existing Database Systems, and divides
Cloth database middleware has provided the user the scheme of transparent structure data-base cluster, can integrate existing unit and concentrate
Formula data base, sets up " pseudo- distributed " system architecture, becomes a kind of important Mass Data Management solution.Meanwhile,
Distributed data base middleware can be by different types of underlying database and application integration, if in bottom by relevant database
Carry out unifying integrated with NoSQL, will be expected to efficiently realize the management of isomery big data.However, at present in the middle of distributed data base
It is impossible to directly invoke the peculiar function of dissimilar bottom layer node in part.User, to call, needs by programming realization, generation
Valency is generally larger, and threshold is higher for a user.How to provide the user a short and sweet operate interface realize right
The customizable of all types of database functions calls becomes a problem in the urgent need to address.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is by the Function Extension to SQL statement, realize in distributed data base middleware by
Simple class SQL statement directly invokes the distinctive function of each data base with the more preferable effect playing this data base's advantage.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that providing a kind of support calls data by Simple SQL
Al Kut has the method for MapReduce function it is characterised in that comprising the steps:
Step 1, framework are built;Access relation type data base and NoSQL data base in distributed data base middleware;
Step 2, index file creation, the corresponding relation of user specific field r and data base db, with " r:Db " form preserves
For index file;
Step 3, data divide library storage, are stored in data by specified data and the corresponding relation of node corresponding for unit with row
In dissimilar node database, this step includes:
Step 3.1, build table, field and data base's corresponding relation in search index file, built based on field and act on point
Storehouse build table substatement, carry out route distribution;
Step 3.2, insertion data, field and data base's corresponding relation in search index file, based on the effect of field structure
In the insertion data substatement in point storehouse, carry out route distribution, complete data insertion;
Step 4, query expansion, according to simplifying and functional principle, the SQL statement of designation method is called in design;
SQL statement is designed as:SELECT expression [AS output_name] [...] and FROM from_item
[(USING MapReduce ON condition)]
Wherein, expression represents field name or an expression formula;From_item represent table to be inquired about or
The unit corresponding with table in NoSQL data base, the such as COLLECTION of MongDB;In bracket, the instruction of USING mark uses
Execution method MapReduce;ON identifies condition condition that instruction user is limited, relative with execution function by setting
The gain of parameter implementing result collection answered;
Step 5, inquiry parsing, specify SQL statement to carry out calling of method according to user, system is before route distribution to finger
Determine SQL statement to be parsed, comprise the following steps that:
Step 5.1, nominal key parsing, judge whether current SQL sentence comprises USING keyword, if so, then carry out
Step 5.2;Otherwise, directly carry out the distribution of SQL statement according to routing configuration, with default behavior execution, obtain result;
Step 5.2, execution method parsing, if parsing comprises, obtain execution method name by USING keyword
MapReduce, determines the called function of method execution;
Step 5.3, execution Parameter analysis of electrochemical, obtain parameter character string by ON keyword, and therefrom parsing obtain parameter key
Value, to list, parses table name to be checked, incoming step 5.2 is determined in the function calling simultaneously;
Step 5.4, the parsing of returning result type, determine SQL statement institute request content finally returns that form, i.e. step 4
Expression in designed query statement;
Step 6, route binding and distribution, in the distribution advance walking along the street of MYCAT default route by binding, search index file,
Judgement effect field place node and data base, SQL statement and pending node binding are carried out route distribution;
Step 7, method execution, by function call perform script, obtain result and return, specifically include:
Step 7.1, function call, perform script function in the function that step 5.2 is called, its execution step is as follows:
Step 7.1.1, result set mapping, the corresponding classification of execution parameter setting being obtained according to step 5.3 parsing, and select
Rule by map function, result set is mapped in corresponding classification;
Step 7.1.2, result set stipulations, the content that the mapping result collection that step 7.1.1 is obtained parses according to step 5.4
Return form carries out stipulations by reduce function, and obtains function implementing result collection;
Step 7.2, result set return, and step 7.1.2 stipulations result set is back at function call;
Step 8, encapsulated result simultaneously return, and return form according to the content obtaining in step 5.4, arrange Table Header information, and
Corresponding with returning result content for the Table Header information form being encapsulated as byte stream successively is returned.
Preferably, described step 1 adopts PostgreSQL database middleware MYCAT as management platform, carries out building framework, bag
Include following steps:
Step 1.1, installation database, installation relation type data base and NoSQL data base in the environment of unit or multimachine;
Step 1.2, build MYCAT middleware platform, add data base to each node in configuration, and specify each section
Point data base type.
Preferably, described step 1.2 includes:
Step 1.2.1, installation MYCAT, by importing, by MYCAT Open Source Code, the installation completing software in ECLIPSE;
Step 1.2.2, set, by specified database access necessary to JAR bag pass through in ECLIPSE
BUILD PATH is added in system running environment;
Step 1.2.3, configuration node information, add table table and node in configuration file schema.xml
DataNode information is it is intended that the corresponding relation of table table and node dataNode;Add vertical fragmentation rule, and will be to be added
Database address and user name encrypted message be added in this configuration file;
Preferably, described step 3.1 includes:
Step 3.1.1, acquisition configuration information, determine that table to be operated comprises vertical fragmentation configuration;
Step 3.1.2, analytical decomposition sentence, read index file and statement attribute are parsed, respectively structure effect
Build table substatement in point storehouse;
Step 3.1.3, route distribution, by the substatement obtaining in the step 3.1.2 data with configuration corresponding types respectively
Storehouse is bound, and carries out route distribution, completes establishment table.
The invention provides a kind of call underlying database spy's functional method by distributed data base middleware, its
Feature can be specified by simple SQL statement for user needs data base and the distinctive function of this data base of operation, with
Realize the convenience of operation and the customizability of function.
Brief description
The flow process that Fig. 1 stores for isomeric data.
Specific embodiment
For making the present invention become apparent, hereby it is described in detail below with preferred embodiment.
The invention provides a kind of support to call middleware data base spy's functional method, the present invention by Simple SQL
For multiple heterogeneous databases and under the distributed database environment deposited, user can not be grasped in a straightforward manner by the unified platform
Make to specify the problem of the peculiar executive mode of NoSQL data base, provide the user with simple class SQL statement so as to put down by middle
Platform MYCAT can directly invoke the method that MongDB node database specifies MapReduce function, improves distributed data base
Motility, and for domestic consumer to data Al Kut functional using providing convenient way.With MapReduce under MongDB
Count operation as a example, concrete operation step is:
Step 1, framework are built, installation database, select MYCAT as distributed database management platform, by data base
Access MYCAT middleware platform, this step includes:
Step 1.1, installing DB, install the data bases such as MONGODB in the environment of unit or multimachine;
Step 1.2, build MYCAT middleware platform, step 1.1MONGODB place host is added to node configuration
In, and add MONGODB types of database and table information in this node configuration information, comprise the following steps that;
Step 1.2.1, installation MYCAT, by importing, by MYCAT Open Source Code, the installation completing software in ECLIPSE;
Step 1.2.2, set, by specified database access necessary to JAR bag pass through in ECLIPSE
BUILD PATH is added in system running environment;
Step 1.2.3, configuration node information, to add in configuration file " schema.xml " table (table) and
DataNode (node) information is it is intended that the corresponding relation of table and dataNode.Add vertical fragmentation rule, and will be to be added
Database address and the information such as user name password be added in this configuration file;
Step 2, index file creation, the corresponding relation of user specific field r and data base db, with " r:Db " form preserves
For index file;
Step 3, data divide library storage, are stored in data by specified data and the corresponding relation of node corresponding for unit with row
In dissimilar node database, this step includes:
Step 3.1, build table, field and data base's corresponding relation in search index file, built based on field and act on point
Storehouse build table substatement, carry out route distribution, this step includes:
Step 3.1.1, acquisition configuration information, determine that table to be operated comprises vertical fragmentation configuration;
Step 3.1.2, analytical decomposition sentence, read index file and statement attribute are parsed, respectively structure effect
Build table substatement in point storehouse;
Step 3.1.3, route distribution, by the substatement obtaining in the step 3.1.2 data with configuration corresponding types respectively
Storehouse is bound, and carries out route distribution, completes establishment table;
Step 3.2, insertion data, field and data base's corresponding relation in search index file, based on the effect of field structure
In the insertion data substatement in point storehouse, carry out route distribution, complete data insertion;
Taking build table statement as a example, show the flow process of isomeric data storage as shown in figure 1, wherein indexing as step 2 establishment
Index file.
Step 4, query expansion, under MongDB, the query statement of the count operation of MapReduce is as follows:
SELECT COUNT (column) FROM from_item [(USING MapReduce ON LENGTH > 3 |
CONTAIN=' str ')]
In this query statement, expression is COUNT (column), i.e. the meter of MapReduce institute static fields record
Number;From_item represents corresponding with table unit in NoSQL data base, here the COLLECTION for MongDB;Bracket
Execution method MapReduce that interior USING mark instruction uses, that is, using MapReduce execution count operation;ON mark refers to
Show condition condition that user is limited, provide two kinds of conditions to limit here, respectively field length and comprise character string,
Describe in detail as shown in table 1:
PARAM name | Function describes | VALUE type |
LENGTH | Specific field length range | INT |
CONTAIN | Specify and comprise certain character string | STRING |
Table 1
Step 5, inquiry parsing, according to extending sentence in step 4, enter to execution method name, parameter and returning result type
Row parsing, comprises the following steps that:
Step 5.1, nominal key parsing, judge that current SQL sentence comprises USING keyword, then obtain the side of execution
Religious name MapReduce, i.e. call function MapReduce;
Step 5.2, execution Parameter analysis of electrochemical, obtain parameter character string LENGTH > 3 by ON keyword | CONTAIN='
Str ', parses table name to be checked simultaneously, and incoming step 5.1 is determined in the function calling;
Step 5.3, the parsing of returning result type, determine SQL statement institute request content finally returns that form, i.e. step 4
COUNT (column) in designed query statement;
Step 6, route binding and distribution, in the distribution advance walking along the street of MYCAT default route by binding, search index file,
Judge that acting on field place data base is MONGODB, and SQL statement and pending node binding are carried out route distribution.
Step 7, method execution, by function call perform script, obtain result and return, specifically include:
Step 7.1, function call, call corresponding perform script according to the method name that step 5.1 parsing obtains, script executes
Step is as follows:
Step 7.1.1, result set mapping, still comprise character string according to incoming parameter for field length LENGTH
CONTAIN, is set corresponding classification, and by map function, result set is mapped in corresponding classification in query script.
Step 7.1.2, result set stipulations, the mapping result collection that step 7.1.1 is obtained passes through reduce function according to step
The COUNT statistical counting form of rapid 5.3 parsings carries out stipulations, and obtains function implementing result collection.
Step 7.2, result set return, and step 7.1.2 stipulations result set is back at function call;
Step 8, encapsulated result simultaneously return, and according to the COUNT statistical counting form of step 5.3 parsing, arrange Table Header information,
And corresponding with returning result content for the Table Header information form being encapsulated as byte stream successively is returned.As can be seen here, this technology for
User operation level requirement is not high, and the motility being supplied to user is larger, and can give full play to the distinctive work(of underlying database
Energy.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of support calls middleware data base spy's functional method by Simple SQL it is characterised in that including following walking
Suddenly:
Step 1, framework are built;Access relation type data base and NoSQL data base in distributed data base middleware;
Step 2, index file creation, the corresponding relation of user specific field r and data base db, with " r:Db " form saves as rope
Quotation part;
Step 3, data divide library storage, are stored in data by specified data and the corresponding relation of node corresponding different for unit with row
In type node data base, this step includes:
Step 3.1, build table, field and data base's corresponding relation in search index file, built based on field and act on point storehouse
Build table substatement, carry out route distribution;
Step 3.2, insertion data, field and data base's corresponding relation in search index file, built based on field and act on point
The insertion data substatement in storehouse, carries out route distribution, completes data insertion;
Step 4, query expansion, according to simplifying and functional principle, the SQL statement of designation method is called in design, and SQL statement designs
For:
SELECT expression [AS output_name] [...] and FROM from_item [(USING MapReduce ON
condition)]
Wherein, expression represents field name or an expression formula;From_item represents table to be inquired about or NoSQL number
According to corresponding with table unit in storehouse;Execution method MapReduce that in bracket, the instruction of USING mark uses;ON mark instruction
Condition condition that user is limited, by setting the gain of parameter implementing result collection corresponding with execution function;
Step 5, inquiry parsing, specify SQL statement to carry out calling of method according to user, system is before route distribution to specified
SQL statement is parsed, and comprises the following steps that:
Step 5.1, nominal key parsing, judge whether current SQL sentence comprises USING keyword, if so, then carry out step
5.2;Otherwise, directly carry out the distribution of SQL statement according to routing configuration, with default behavior execution, obtain result;
Step 5.2, execution method parsing, if parsing comprises, obtain execution method name MapReduce by USING keyword,
Determine the called function of method execution;
Step 5.3, execution Parameter analysis of electrochemical, obtain parameter character string by ON keyword, and therefrom parsing obtain parameter key-value pair
List, parses table name to be checked simultaneously, and incoming step 5.2 is determined in the function calling;
Step 5.4, the parsing of returning result type, determine SQL statement institute request content finally returns that form, that is, set by step 4
Expression in the query statement of meter;
Step 6, route binding and distribution, in the distribution advance walking along the street of MYCAT default route by binding, search index file, judge
Effect field place node and data base, SQL statement and pending node binding are carried out route distribution;
Step 7, method execution, by function call perform script, obtain result and return, specifically include:
Step 7.1, function call, perform script function in the function that step 5.2 is called, its execution step is as follows:
Step 7.1.1, result set mapping, the corresponding classification of execution parameter setting being obtained according to step 5.3 parsing, and selected rule
By map function, result set is mapped in corresponding classification;
Step 7.1.2, result set stipulations, the mapping result collection that step 7.1.1 is obtained returns according to the content that step 5.4 parses
Form carries out stipulations by reduce function, and obtains function implementing result collection;
Step 7.2, result set return, and step 7.1.2 stipulations result set is back at function call;
Step 8, encapsulated result simultaneously return, and return form according to the content obtaining in step 5.4, arrange Table Header information, and by table
The header form that be successively encapsulated as byte stream corresponding with returning result content returns.
2. a kind of support as claimed in claim 1 calls middleware data base spy's functional method by Simple SQL, and it is special
Levy and be, described step 1 adopts PostgreSQL database middleware MYCAT as management platform, carries out building framework, walk including following
Suddenly:
Step 1.1, installation database, installation relation type data base and NoSQL data base in the environment of unit or multimachine;
Step 1.2, build MYCAT middleware platform, add data base to each node in configuration, and specify each nodes
According to storehouse type.
3. a kind of support as claimed in claim 2 calls middleware data base spy's functional method by Simple SQL, and it is special
Levy and be, described step 1.2 includes:
Step 1.2.1, installation MYCAT, by importing, by MYCAT Open Source Code, the installation completing software in ECLIPSE;
Step 1.2.2, set, by specified database access necessary to JAR bag pass through BUILD in ECLIPSE
PATH is added in system running environment;
Step 1.2.3, configuration node information, add table table and node dataNode letter in configuration file schema.xml
Breath is it is intended that the corresponding relation of table table and node dataNode;Add vertical fragmentation rule, and by data base ground to be added
Location and user name encrypted message are added in this configuration file.
4. a kind of support as claimed in claim 1 calls middleware data base spy's functional method by Simple SQL, and it is special
Levy and be, described step 3.1 includes:
Step 3.1.1, acquisition configuration information, determine that table to be operated comprises vertical fragmentation configuration;
Step 3.1.2, analytical decomposition sentence, read index file and simultaneously statement attribute are parsed, and build respectively and act on point
Storehouse build table substatement;
Step 3.1.3, route distribution, the substatement obtaining in step 3.1.2 is tied up with the data base of configuration corresponding types respectively
Fixed, and carry out route distribution, complete establishment table.
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