CN106381185B - Biomass coal and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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- CN106381185B CN106381185B CN201611052271.7A CN201611052271A CN106381185B CN 106381185 B CN106381185 B CN 106381185B CN 201611052271 A CN201611052271 A CN 201611052271A CN 106381185 B CN106381185 B CN 106381185B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of biomass coals, are made of the raw material for including following substance: coke 40-60 parts by weight, the feces of livestock and poultry 28-48 parts by weight by disinfection, waste active carbon 2-22 parts by weight, greasy filth 0.5-15 parts by weight, binder 0.5-15 parts by weight.The present invention also provides the preparation methods of biomass coal, comprising: being that 6.5-8:1.8-2.5:0.8-1.2 is uniformly mixed according to weight ratio by paper mill effluent, coal tar and water obtains binder；Coke 40-60 parts by weight, the feces of livestock and poultry 28-48 parts by weight by disinfection, waste active carbon 2-22 parts by weight, greasy filth 0.5-15 parts by weight are sequentially added into reactor, it is crushed, binder 0.5-15 parts by weight are then added and carry out molding bonded, to obtain semi-finished product；Semi-finished product are dried.Product and method of the invention has positive effect to improvement energy resource structure, promotion changing rejected material to useful resource development.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to clean coal technology field, in particular it relates to a kind of biomass coal and preparation method thereof,
More particularly it relates to using feces of livestock and poultry, trade waste as biomass coal of raw material and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Currently, with the development of economy, the yield of solid waste is more and more, a large amount of waste is by fill, burn
The mode of burning is handled, increasing with the contradiction of local society.But in certain industries, such as in animal husbandry or machining
Industry, fraction solids waste still have very big potentiality that can be mined on calorific value, in safe practice angle, still there is sufficient guarantor
Card can be applied.Meanwhile with stringent, the scattered use for burning coal of control of atmospheric environment protection standard, popularization and use substitution
Property moulded coal, just become a kind of trend.In alternative moulded coal, biomass coal has the thermal efficiency is high, pollutant discharge amount is few etc.
Therefore advantage combines shaped coal technology with solid waste resource recovery technology, be that the new of popularization is encouraged in country and place at present
Direction has biggish development potentiality.
But domestic biomass coal production technology still in its infancy, utilizes insufficient, work to waste at present
Skill technology is not perfect.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the invention is in view of the drawbacks of the prior art, to provide a kind of biomass coal and its preparation side
Method.
In a first aspect, the biomass coal is by the original including following substance the present invention provides a kind of biomass coal
Material is made: coke 40-60 parts by weight, the feces of livestock and poultry 28-48 parts by weight by disinfection, waste active carbon 2-22 parts by weight, greasy filth
0.5-15 parts by weight, binder 0.5-15 parts by weight.
Biomass coal above-mentioned, the biomass coal is by including that the raw material of following substance is made: coke 45-55 weight
Part, the feces of livestock and poultry 33-40 parts by weight by disinfection, waste active carbon 10-20 parts by weight, greasy filth 2-8 parts by weight, binder 2-8
Parts by weight；
Preferably, the biomass coal is by including that the raw material of following substance is made: 50 parts by weight of coke, by disinfection
38 parts by weight of feces of livestock and poultry, 12 parts by weight of waste active carbon, 5 parts by weight of greasy filth, 5 parts by weight of binder.
Biomass coal above-mentioned, the feces of livestock and poultry are sheep dungs.
Biomass coal above-mentioned, the binder are by paper mill effluent, coal tar and water according to weight ratio 6.5-8:
1.8-2.5:0.8-1.2 (preferably 7:2:1) is uniformly mixed and is made.
The sulfur-bearing rate of biomass coal above-mentioned, the coke is not more than 0.4% (weight).
The moisture content of biomass coal above-mentioned, the feces of livestock and poultry by disinfection is 2-3% (weight), the greasy filth
Moisture content be 18-22% (weight).
Second aspect, the present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of biomass coal, include the following steps:
(1) by paper mill effluent, coal tar and water according to weight ratio be 6.5-8:1.8-2.5:0.8-1.2 (preferably 7:2:
1) it is uniformly mixed and obtains binder；
(2) coke 40-60 parts by weight are sequentially added into reactor, the feces of livestock and poultry 28-48 parts by weight by disinfection, are given up
Active carbon 2-22 parts by weight, greasy filth 0.5-15 parts by weight, are crushed, and the binder 0.5-15 of step (1) preparation is then added
Parts by weight carry out molding bonded, to obtain semi-finished product；
(3) semi-finished product are dried.
Preparation method above-mentioned, it is described by disinfection feces of livestock and poultry using preceding elder generation 70-90 DEG C drying 4-6 hours.
Preparation method above-mentioned, the greasy filth using preceding elder generation 70-90 DEG C drying 10-15 hours.
Preparation method above-mentioned, in step (3), drying temperature is 110-1200 DEG C, and drying time is 7-11 hours.
The dedusting ash return step (2) that preparation method above-mentioned, step (2) and step (3) generate.
Compared with the existing technology, biomass coal and preparation method thereof of the invention has the advantages that
(1) can be by animal husbandry solid waste, mechanical industry solid waste and other industries are (for example, through Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection
Door identification is not belonging to the waste active carbon of hazardous waste) it makes full use of, by itself and solution social environment contradiction and the big compression ring of protection
Border, raising utilization of resources process combine, and have policy and advantage in geography.
(2) raw material materials are convenient, from the horse's mouth, do not have toxicity, harmfulness.
(3) automatization level is higher with level of clean production, there is higher economic benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of process flow chart of specific embodiment of the method for the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to fully understand the purpose of the present invention, feature and effect, by following specific embodiments, the present invention is made detailed
It describes in detail bright.For process of the invention in addition to following the description, remaining is all made of the conventional method or device of this field.
Technical solution of the present invention is divided into two aspects, and first aspect utilizes the preparations such as coke, feces of livestock and poultry, greasy filth
Biomass coal, second aspect are the preparation methods of the biomass coal.
Biomass coal refers to coke raw material by screening, broken, addition biomass, industrial solid castoff, addition
Agent etc. is made according to stringent formula rate mixing extrusion forming, realizes coal quality complementation, is to take full advantage of coal money
The new cleaning fuel of source, biomass resource and industrial solid castoff.According to the first aspect of the invention, the present invention provides
A kind of biomass coal, the biomass coal is by including that the raw material of following substance is made: coke 40-60 parts by weight, by disappearing
The feces of livestock and poultry 28-48 parts by weight of poison, waste active carbon 2-22 parts by weight, greasy filth 0.5-15 parts by weight, binder 0.5-15 weight
Part；Preferably, the biomass coal is by including that the raw material of following substance is made: coke 45-55 parts by weight, by the poultry of disinfection
Poultry manure 33-40 parts by weight, waste active carbon 10-20 parts by weight, greasy filth 2-8 parts by weight, binder 2-8 parts by weight；It is highly preferred that
The biomass coal is by including that the raw material of following substance is made: 50 parts by weight of coke, 38 weight of feces of livestock and poultry by disinfection
Part, 12 parts by weight of waste active carbon, 5 parts by weight of greasy filth, 5 parts by weight of binder.
Above-mentioned binder is made of using paper mill effluent, specifically, by paper mill effluent, coal tar and water according to weight
It is uniformly mixed and is made than 6.5-8:1.8-2.5:0.8-1.2 (preferably 7:2:1).Paper mill effluent is also known as black liquor, is papermaking
The waste water being discharged when pulp washing in industrial processes, containing lignin, cellulose, be in industry to the pollution contribution of water environment most
Big pollutant；Lignin and cellulose content are not less than 70% in black liquor, and pH value is not less than 11.It can using binder
Make final products that there is preferable molding effect and improve compression strength to exist by the research of inventor using above-mentioned binder
In terms of effect no less than current common binder, in particular, preparing binder with the strong paper mill effluent of pollution, both subtracted
Lack discharge of poisonous waste, and reduced production cost, realizes resource circulation utilization.
Coke and waste active carbon belong to high heating value raw material.The coke used in the present invention is low sulfur coke, and sulfur-bearing rate is not
Greater than 0.4wt%.Waste active carbon is used active carbon, is identified by environmental protection administration, and determination is not danger wastes.It is useless
Active carbon, has a higher calorific value, and when completely burned generates carbon dioxide, will not pollute to environment, using being mixed into type
The mode of coal can save processing cost, be the effective means of solid waste resource recovery.
Feces of livestock and poultry and greasy filth belong to biomass material.Feces of livestock and poultry can be sheep dung, cow dung, horsehit, pig manure, chicken manure etc.
One of or it is a variety of, by disinfection after can be used for the present invention, those skilled in the art can select to close according to the actual situation
Suitable sterilization method.It is mainly illustrated by taking sheep dung as an example in preferred embodiment and embodiment below, still
It should be understood that this is exemplary, and it is non-limiting.The workable feces of livestock and poultry by disinfection of the invention contains
Water rate is 2wt%-3wt%.Greasy filth refers to mechanical processing industry (not including spraying workshop section) in the workshop sections such as cleaning in oil separator
Middle oil removal, pneumatically supported solid or semisolid generally require elder generation since the moisture content of greasy filth is usually higher before use
Drying is so that the moisture content of greasy filth is 5wt%-7wt%.
According to the second aspect of the invention, the present invention provides the preparation methods of above-mentioned biomass coal, including walk as follows
It is rapid:
(1) by paper mill effluent, coal tar and water according to weight ratio be 6.5-8:1.8-2.5:0.8-1.2 (preferably 7:2:
1) it is uniformly mixed and obtains binder；
(2) coke 40-60 parts by weight are sequentially added into reactor, the feces of livestock and poultry 28-48 parts by weight by disinfection, are given up
Active carbon 2-22 parts by weight, greasy filth 0.5-15 parts by weight, are crushed, and the binder 0.5-15 of step (1) preparation is then added
Parts by weight are bonded, to obtain semi-finished product；
(3) semi-finished product are dried.
In the methods described above, by the feces of livestock and poultry of disinfection using preceding elder generation in 70-90 DEG C of drying 4-6 hours so that its
Moisture content is 2wt%-3wt%；Greasy filth using preceding elder generation 70-90 DEG C drying 10-15 hours so that its moisture content is 5wt%-
7wt%.
In the methods described above, drying temperature semi-finished product dried is 110-1200 DEG C, and drying time is 7-11 hours.
In the methods described above, the dedusting ash return step (2) that step (2) and step (3) generate is recycled with realizing.
In the methods described above, binder can choose is added by several times, such as 2 times/hour.
Production technology using the production biomass coal such as feces of livestock and poultry, papermaking wastewater of the invention, suitable for herding
The moulded coal production and application of area, mechanical processing industry and forest resourceies developed regions promote salvage property to energy resource structure is improved
Sourceization development, has certain positive effect.In particular, it is raw that traditional moulded coal can either be saved when using above-mentioned raw materials proportion
Raw material, effective use waste material are produced, and each raw material can be made to generate synergy to guarantee that it is preferable that final products have
Molding effect, higher compression strength and enough calorific value outputs.
A kind of preparation method of preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated below with reference to Fig. 1.The specific implementation
The research of mode resource circulation utilization manufacturing enterprise secret in certain industrial park carries out, and is located in environment forest resourceies prosperity, poultry
Animal husbandry and agricultural are flourishing, by more using surrounding area, the processing more birds and livestocks faces such as discarded sheep dung of low side, in conjunction with work
The discarded active carbon that industry garden generates, the wastes such as papermaking wastewater produce biomass coal to recycling, achieve preferable economy
Benefit and environmental benefit.Preparation method includes following workshop section:
Workshop section 1: high heating value raw material prepares workshop section
By totally-enclosed stock yard, Fully-mechanized belt mechanism at storage, transport coke raw material.Stock yard is using totally-enclosed
Formula structure.Since there are still certain water imbibitions for waste active carbon, it is desirable that it stores place totally-enclosed, and humidity is not more than 20%.
Waste active carbon has already passed through the identification of environmental protection administration, determination is not hazardous waste before being applied to invention.
Workshop section 2: biomass material prepares workshop section
It after sheep dung is collected, first carries out disinfection, specific method is to accumulate sheep dung with nature, 30 degree of cone angle, is used
84 thimerosals uniformly spray, 1-3 times, place 10 days or more.Disinfection and then feeding heat-conducting oil furnace are dried, drying temperature
70-90 DEG C, drying time is 4-6 hours, and the sheep dung moisture content after drying is 2wt%-3wt%.
Greasy filth (moisture content: 80wt%, flammable oil content: 15wt%), which is first sent into heat-conducting oil furnace, is dried, drying temperature
70-90 DEG C of degree, drying time are 10-15 hours, and the greasy filth moisture content after drying is in 5wt%-7wt%.
It should be noted that the drying of sheep dung and the dry of greasy filth need separately to carry out in heat-conducting oil furnace.
Workshop section 3: bonding agent prepares workshop section
Bonding agent is the important link for completing briquette prod.Paper mill effluent (black liquor), coal tar, clear water ratio according to
7:2:1 is matched, and need to be equipped with blender and is stirred, and mixing time 6 hours.
Bonding agent preparation needs the workshop of constant temperature and humidity to be guaranteed.Technological means is plant designing independent temperature-humidity control
System.Wherein, temperature is maintained at 20 DEG C, and humidity is maintained at 25%.
Workshop section 4: pressing section
By Fully-mechanized belt feeder, blender, feeding screw feeder, forming machanism at by high heating value raw material and biomass material
Be crushed, and sieve (by screening can screen out large-sized material, it is further crushed, small particle material can carry out
Bonding), bonding agent is added and is bonded, after briquetting, becomes semi-finished product.Wherein, the sequence of raw material is added when being crushed are as follows: coke, sheep dung,
After sufficiently broken and screening, bonding agent is added in waste active carbon, greasy filth, and this charging sequence is more convenient for subsequent forming.Bonding agent adds
Entering frequency is 2 times/hour, to generate semi-finished product.
The proportionate relationship of above-mentioned raw materials are as follows: 38 parts by weight of sheep dung, 5 parts by weight of oil separator greasy filth, 50 parts by weight of coke give up and live
Property 12 parts by weight of charcoal, 5 parts by weight of bonding agent.
Workshop section 5: drying workshop section
Semi-finished product are delivered to dryer by Fully-mechanized belt feeder, after drying moisture, discharge as finished product.Dryer makes
Use combustion gas as gas source, 110-1200 DEG C of drying temperature, drying time is 7-11 hours/batch.
Workshop section 6: workshop section is recycled
1 set of bag-type dust removal system is respectively equipped in workshop section 4 and workshop section 5, dedusting ash returns to blender and reuses as raw material,
Not outlet.The conveying of dedusting ash uses conventional encryption system.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below by the mode of embodiment, but does not therefore limit the present invention to the reality
It applies among a range.In the following examples, the experimental methods for specific conditions are not specified, according to conventional methods and conditions.
Embodiment 1
The biomass coal of the present embodiment is made of the following raw material: 50 parts by weight of coke, the feces of livestock and poultry 38 by disinfection
Parts by weight, 12 parts by weight of waste active carbon, 5 parts by weight of greasy filth, 5 parts by weight of binder.
The biomass coal of the present embodiment the preparation method is as follows:
(1) being that 7:2:1 is uniformly mixed according to weight ratio by paper mill effluent, coal tar and water obtains binder；
(2) 50 parts by weight of coke, 38 parts by weight of feces of livestock and poultry by disinfection, waste active carbon are sequentially added into reactor
12 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight of greasy filth, are crushed, and 5 parts by weight of binder that step (1) preparation is then added carry out molding bonded,
To obtain semi-finished product；
(3) semi-finished product are dried 10 hours at 1000 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
The biomass coal of the present embodiment is made of the following raw material: 45 parts by weight of coke, the feces of livestock and poultry 33 by disinfection
Parts by weight, 10 parts by weight of waste active carbon, 2 parts by weight of greasy filth, 2 parts by weight of binder.
The biomass coal of the present embodiment the preparation method is as follows:
(1) being that 6.5:1.8:0.8 is uniformly mixed according to weight ratio by paper mill effluent, coal tar and water obtains binder；
(2) 45 parts by weight of coke, 33 parts by weight of feces of livestock and poultry by disinfection, waste active carbon are sequentially added into reactor
10 parts by weight, 2 parts by weight of greasy filth, are crushed, and 2 parts by weight of binder that step (1) preparation is then added carry out molding bonded,
To obtain semi-finished product；
(3) semi-finished product are dried 7 hours at 1200 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
The biomass coal of the present embodiment is made of the following raw material: 55 parts by weight of coke, the feces of livestock and poultry 40 by disinfection
Parts by weight, 20 parts by weight of waste active carbon, 8 parts by weight of greasy filth, 8 parts by weight of binder.
The biomass coal of the present embodiment the preparation method is as follows:
(1) being that 8:2.5:1.2 is uniformly mixed according to weight ratio by paper mill effluent, coal tar and water obtains binder；
(2) 45 parts by weight of coke, 33 parts by weight of feces of livestock and poultry by disinfection, waste active carbon are sequentially added into reactor
10 parts by weight, 2 parts by weight of greasy filth, are crushed, and 2 parts by weight of binder that step (1) preparation is then added carry out molding bonded,
To obtain semi-finished product；
(3) semi-finished product are dried 11 hours at 800 DEG C.
Embodiment 4
The biomass coal of the present embodiment is made of the following raw material: 40 parts by weight of coke, the feces of livestock and poultry 28 by disinfection
Parts by weight, 2 parts by weight of waste active carbon, 0.5 parts by weight of greasy filth, 0.5 parts by weight of binder.
The preparation method of the biomass coal of the present embodiment is same as Example 1, and difference is only that the parts by weight of raw material
It is different.
Embodiment 5
The biomass coal of the present embodiment is made of the following raw material: 60 parts by weight of coke, the feces of livestock and poultry 48 by disinfection
Parts by weight, 22 parts by weight of waste active carbon, 15 parts by weight of greasy filth, 15 parts by weight of binder.
The preparation method of the biomass coal of the present embodiment is same as Example 1, and difference is only that the parts by weight of raw material
It is different.
Embodiment 6
The biomass coal of the present embodiment is made of the following raw material: 50 parts by weight of coke, the feces of livestock and poultry 40 by disinfection
Parts by weight, 10 parts by weight of waste active carbon, 5 parts by weight of greasy filth, 5 parts by weight of binder.
The preparation method of the biomass coal of the present embodiment is same as Example 1, and difference is only that the parts by weight of raw material
It is different.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of biomass coal, which is characterized in that the biomass coal is made of the raw material of following substance: coke 40-60
Parts by weight, the feces of livestock and poultry 28-48 parts by weight by disinfection, waste active carbon 2-22 parts by weight, greasy filth 0.5-15 parts by weight, bonding
Agent 0.5-15 parts by weight；
Wherein, the binder is to mix paper mill effluent, coal tar and water according to weight ratio 6.5-8:1.8-2.5:0.8-1.2
Conjunction is uniformly made.
2. biomass coal according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the biomass coal by following substance raw material
It is made: coke 45-55 parts by weight, the feces of livestock and poultry 33-40 parts by weight by disinfection, waste active carbon 10-20 parts by weight, greasy filth 2-
8 parts by weight, binder 2-8 parts by weight.
3. biomass coal according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the biomass coal by following substance raw material
Be made: 50 parts by weight of coke, 38 parts by weight of feces of livestock and poultry by disinfection, 12 parts by weight of waste active carbon, 5 parts by weight of greasy filth are glued
Tie 5 parts by weight of agent.
4. biomass coal according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the feces of livestock and poultry is sheep dung.
5. biomass coal according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the binder is that paper mill is given up
Liquid, coal tar and water are uniformly mixed according to weight ratio 7:2:1 and are made.
6. biomass coal according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the sulfur-bearing rate of the coke is not more than
0.4% (weight).
7. biomass coal according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the feces of livestock and poultry by disinfection
Moisture content be 2-3% (weight), the moisture content of the greasy filth is 18-22% (weight).
8. the preparation method of the described in any item biomass coals of claim 1-7, which comprises the steps of:
(1) it is that 6.5-8:1.8-2.5:0.8-1.2 is uniformly mixed according to weight ratio by paper mill effluent, coal tar and water to be glued
Tie agent；
(2) coke 40-60 parts by weight, the feces of livestock and poultry 28-48 parts by weight by disinfection, useless activity are sequentially added into reactor
Charcoal 2-22 parts by weight, greasy filth 0.5-15 parts by weight, are crushed, and the binder 0.5-15 weight of step (1) preparation is then added
Part carries out molding bonded, to obtain semi-finished product；
(3) semi-finished product are dried.
9. preparation method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that in step (1), by the paper mill effluent, coal tar
Oil and water, which are that 7:2:1 is uniformly mixed according to weight ratio, obtains binder.
10. preparation method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the feces of livestock and poultry by disinfection is before use
First 70-90 DEG C drying 4-6 hours.
11. preparation method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the greasy filth is being dried using preceding elder generation at 70-90 DEG C
10-15 hours.
12. preparation method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that in step (3), drying temperature is 110-1200 DEG C,
Drying time is 7-11 hours.
13. preparation method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the dedusting ash that step (2) and step (3) generate is returned
It returns step (2).
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| CN106943835B (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2020-12-01 | 沈阳理工大学 | Method for preparing air purification material and compound fertilizer by using sludge and livestock and poultry manure |
| CN107937003A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-04-20 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | A kind of processing method and processing device of greasy filth |
| CN110257126B (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2021-06-18 | 哈尔滨工大环能科技有限公司 | Oil sludge modifier and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113150851A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-07-23 | 农业农村部规划设计研究院 | Application of biomass tar as binder in formed carbon, formed carbon and preparation method thereof |
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