CN106291114B - A kind of ac impedance measurement circuit of blood glucose meter, method and device - Google Patents
A kind of ac impedance measurement circuit of blood glucose meter, method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106291114B CN106291114B CN201610729867.XA CN201610729867A CN106291114B CN 106291114 B CN106291114 B CN 106291114B CN 201610729867 A CN201610729867 A CN 201610729867A CN 106291114 B CN106291114 B CN 106291114B
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ac impedance measurement circuits of blood glucose meter, including the first operational amplifier, second operational amplifier, square-wave generator, feedback resistance and analog-digital converter.The connection of the non-inverting input terminal of square-wave generator and second operational amplifier, the inverting input terminal of second operational amplifier are connected with the output end of second operational amplifier；The non-inverting input terminal of first operational amplifier is grounded, and the output end of the first operational amplifier and the first end of feedback resistance and analog-digital converter connect, and the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier and the second end of feedback resistance connect.It can be seen that in this circuit therefore the generation of pumping signal without using sine-wave generator, but using square-wave generator can reduce the cost of circuit.In addition, invention additionally discloses a kind of method for measuring AC impedance of blood glucose meter and device, effect is as described above.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronic technology fields, more particularly to a kind of blood whole blood ac impedance measurement electricity of blood glucose meter
Road, method and device.
Background technique
Blood glucose meter is also known as blood-glucose meter, is a kind of electronic instrument for measuring glucose level in blood of human body whole blood.Blood glucose meter
It is divided into photochemistry type and two kinds of electrochemistry type from working principle.The blood glucose meter product of mainstream is electrochemistry type currently on the market.
Contain red blood cell in blood of human body whole blood, the volumetric ratio that red blood cell accounts for whole blood is referred to as hematocrit.It is surveyed using electrochemical process
Blood glucose is measured, accuracy will receive the influence of hematocrit.Hematocrit can pass through the AC impedance of measurement blood whole blood
It determines, and then is corrected according to the size of hematocrit blood sugar measured.Therefore in using electrochemical measurement blood glucose,
Ac impedance measurement is an important content.
In the prior art, it for the measurement of the AC impedance of blood, needs to use sine wave as pumping signal, therefore need
Want sine-wave generator.Due to sine-wave generator higher cost, cause entire measuring circuit expensive.
It is asked it can be seen that the cost for how reducing ac impedance measurement circuit is that those skilled in the art are urgently to be resolved
Topic.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ac impedance measurement circuits of blood glucose meter, method and device, for reducing friendship
The cost of flow impedance measuring circuit.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of ac impedance measurement circuit of blood glucose meter, including the first fortune
Calculate amplifier, second operational amplifier, square-wave generator, feedback resistance and analog-digital converter；
The square-wave generator is connect with the non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier, the second operational amplifier
Inverting input terminal connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier；
The non-inverting input terminal of first operational amplifier is grounded, the output end of first operational amplifier and described anti-
The first end of feed resistance is connected with the analog-digital converter, the inverting input terminal of first operational amplifier and feedback electricity
The second end of resistance connects；
Wherein, in measurement process, the inverting input terminal of first operational amplifier and the first end of impedance to be measured connect
It connects, the second operational amplifier and reverse input end are connect with the second end of the impedance to be measured.
Preferably, sample frequency fs >=4f of the analog-digital converter；
Wherein, f is the frequency of the square wave of square-wave generator output.
Preferably, the analog-digital converter is second order Sigma-Delta type.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of method for measuring AC impedance of blood glucose meter, it is based on above-mentioned institute
The ac impedance measurement circuit for the blood glucose meter stated, comprising:
Obtain square-wave generator positive peak and the square-wave generator negative peak, and obtain the positive peak with it is described
The voltage difference of negative peak；
Obtain the collected the first voltage value of analog-digital converter and second voltage value；
The first current value for obtaining flowing through feedback resistance according to the first voltage value, obtains according to the second voltage value
The second current value of the feedback resistance is flowed through, and calculates the current differential of first current value and second current value；
The ratio of the voltage difference and the current differential is calculated to obtain the resistance value of the impedance to be measured.
Preferably, further includes: calculate the corresponding current phase of sampled point and the difference of phase when electric current reaches peak value with
Obtain phase pushing figure；
Calculate error of the sampling filter under the phase pushing figure in the analog-digital converter；
Error compensation is carried out according to voltage of the error to the output end of first operational amplifier.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of ac impedance measurement device of blood glucose meter, it is based on above-mentioned institute
The ac impedance measurement circuit for the blood glucose meter stated, comprising:
First acquisition unit for obtaining the positive peak of square-wave generator and the negative peak of the square-wave generator, and obtains
To the voltage difference of the positive peak and the negative peak；
Second acquisition unit, for obtaining the collected the first voltage value of analog-digital converter and second voltage value；
Current differential computing unit reaches phase when peak value for the corresponding current phase of root calculating sampled point and electric current
Difference to obtain phase pushing figure；
Computing the resistor value unit, for calculating the ratio of the voltage difference and the current differential to obtain the impedance to be measured
Resistance value.
Preferably, further includes:
Phase pushing figure computing unit, for calculate first operational amplifier output end voltage-phase with it is described
The voltage-phase of the output end of second operational amplifier is to obtain phase pushing figure；
Error calculation unit, for calculating the sampling filter in the analog-digital converter under the phase pushing figure
Error；
Error compensation unit, for being missed according to voltage of the error to the output end of first operational amplifier
Difference compensation.
The ac impedance measurement circuit of blood glucose meter provided by the present invention, method and device, wherein the exchange of blood glucose meter hinders
Anti- measuring circuit includes the first operational amplifier, second operational amplifier, square-wave generator, feedback resistance and analog-digital converter.
The connection of the non-inverting input terminal of square-wave generator and second operational amplifier, the inverting input terminal of second operational amplifier and the second fortune
Calculate the output end connection of amplifier；The non-inverting input terminal of first operational amplifier is grounded, the output end of the first operational amplifier with
The first end of feedback resistance is connected with analog-digital converter, the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier and the second end of feedback resistance
Connection.It can be seen that in this circuit the generation of pumping signal without using sine-wave generator, but use square-wave generator,
Therefore, it can reduce the cost of circuit.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, attached drawing needed in the embodiment will be done simply below
It introduces, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for ordinary skill people
For member, without creative efforts, it is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of ac impedance measurement circuit diagram of blood glucose meter provided by the invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of flow chart of the method for measuring AC impedance of blood glucose meter provided by the invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of layout of the sampled point of analog-digital converter provided by the invention；
Fig. 4 is a kind of structure chart of the ac impedance measurement device of blood glucose meter provided by the invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on this
Embodiment in invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are without making creative work, obtained every other
Embodiment belongs to the scope of the present invention.
Core of the invention is to provide a kind of ac impedance measurement circuit of blood glucose meter, method and device.
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description
The present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is a kind of ac impedance measurement circuit diagram of blood glucose meter provided by the invention.As shown in Figure 1, a kind of blood glucose meter
Ac impedance measurement circuit, including the first operational amplifier OA1, second operational amplifier OA2, square-wave generator 100, feedback
Resistance R and analog-digital converter 200.
Square-wave generator 100 is connect with the non-inverting input terminal of second operational amplifier OA2, second operational amplifier OA2's
Inverting input terminal is connected with the output end of second operational amplifier OA2.
The non-inverting input terminal of first operational amplifier OA1 is grounded, the output end and feedback resistance of the first operational amplifier OA1
The first end and analog-digital converter 200 of R connects, the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier OA1 and the second end of feedback resistance R
Connection.
Wherein, in measurement process, the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier OA1 and the first end of impedance Z to be measured connect
It connects, second operational amplifier OA2 and reverse input end are connect with the second end of impedance Z to be measured.
In specific implementation, the positive peak of square-wave generator 100 and negative peak are known, therefore, can and be obtained just
The voltage difference of peak value and negative peak, is denoted as
Analog-digital converter 200 can collect positive peak and the corresponding the first voltage value of negative peak and second voltage
Value, is denoted as V1 and V2；
The the first current value I1 for obtaining flowing through feedback resistance R according to the first voltage value V1, obtains according to second voltage value V2
The second current value I2 of feedback resistance R is flowed through, and calculates the current differential of the first current value I1 and the second current value I2, is denoted as
Voltage difference can be calculated by following formulaWith current differentialRatio to obtain the resistance value of impedance to be measured.
In specific implementation, the positive peak of square-wave generator and negative peak can be 400mV, but in implementation process,
There may be the special circumstances that square-wave generator does not support negative voltage to export, at this point it is possible to will be born by the way of baseline translation
Pressure lifting is positive pressure, for example, the crest voltage of the non-inverting input terminal voltage of the first operational amplifier OA1 and square-wave generator is same
Step lifting, uplift scope is greater than 400mV, such as the positive peak lifting of square-wave generator 100 is 1.6V, square-wave generator 100
Negative peak lifting is 0.8V, and the voltage lifting of the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier OA1 is 1.2V.
It is understood that above-mentioned specific number is a kind of application scenarios, does not represent and there was only a kind of this embodiment.
Particularly, if using single-chip microcontroller in calculating process, for the square-wave generator 100 in above-described embodiment
The DAC (digital analog converter) carried in single-chip microcontroller can be used to generate.Particularly, it for the scheme for not supporting negative pressure, can use
Baseline translation, it is ± 400mV that negative pressure part, which is lifted as positive pressure, such as square wave amplitude, then by the same of the first operational amplifier OA1
The lifting synchronous with the crest voltage of square wave of phase input terminal voltage is greater than 400mV.Such as the square-wave generator 100 in above-described embodiment
With the selection mode of the first operational amplifier OA1.
The ac impedance measurement circuit of blood glucose meter provided in this embodiment, including the first operational amplifier, the second operation are put
Big device, square-wave generator, feedback resistance and analog-digital converter.The non-inverting input terminal of square-wave generator and second operational amplifier connects
It connects, the inverting input terminal of second operational amplifier is connected with the output end of second operational amplifier；First operational amplifier it is same
Phase input end grounding, the output end of the first operational amplifier and the first end of feedback resistance and analog-digital converter connection, the first fortune
The second end of the inverting input terminal and feedback resistance of calculating amplifier connects；Wherein, in measurement process, the first operational amplifier
Inverting input terminal is connect with the first end of impedance to be measured, the second end of second operational amplifier and reverse input end and impedance to be measured
Connection.It can be seen that in this circuit the generation of pumping signal without using sine-wave generator, but use square-wave generator,
Therefore, the use cost of circuit can be reduced.
As preferred embodiment, sample frequency fs >=4f of analog-digital converter；
Wherein, f is the frequency of the square wave of square-wave generator output.
As preferred embodiment, analog-digital converter is second order Sigma-Delta type.
Fig. 2 is a kind of flow chart of the method for measuring AC impedance of blood glucose meter provided by the invention.The exchange of blood glucose meter hinders
Anti- measurement method includes the following steps: for the ac impedance measurement circuit of blood glucose meter described in above-described embodiment
S10: obtaining the positive peak of square-wave generator and the negative peak of square-wave generator, and obtains positive peak and negative peak
Voltage difference.
S11: the collected the first voltage value of analog-digital converter and second voltage value are obtained.
The effect of analog-digital converter 200 is acquisition the first voltage value and second voltage value, this step is to utilize analog-to-digital conversion
Device obtains the first voltage value and second voltage value.
S12: it obtains flowing through the first current value of feedback resistance according to the first voltage value, is flowed through according to second voltage value
Second current value of feedback resistance, and calculate the current differential of the first current value and the second current value.
It is that the first voltage value and second voltage value according to the resistance value of feedback resistance and its both ends obtains electricity in this step
Difference is flowed, is denoted as
S13: the ratio of voltage difference and current differential is calculated to obtain the resistance value of impedance to be measured.
Voltage difference can be calculated by following formulaWith current differentialRatio to obtain the resistance value of impedance to be measured.
To ensure that the sample frequency of analog-digital converter 200 and the Frequency Synchronization of square-wave generator 100, the present invention provide one kind
Reliable method: using 200 sampling time of analog-digital converter as time-based unit, such as will generate the square-wave signal of 1kHz, swash
It encourages signal just to need to overturn once at interval of 500us, therefore, 250us can be set by the sampling period of analog-digital converter 200,
And continuous sampling mode is set by analog-digital converter 200, the interruption generated when sampling is completed every time with analog-digital converter 200 is believed
Number control it is every sampling 2 times after the completion of overturn square-wave generator 100 output voltages, to realize the synchronization of signal.
In specific implementation, since impedance to be measured contains capacitive component and inductive component, lead to the electric current of sampled point
Phase when phase and electric current reach peak value has deviation, therefore, in order to guarantee measurement accuracy, needs further to obtain current phase
Deviant, detailed process is as follows:
As a preferred embodiment, further include:
The difference of phase when the corresponding current phase of sampled point reaches peak value with electric current is calculated to obtain phase pushing figure.
Fig. 3 is a kind of layout of the sampled point of analog-digital converter provided by the invention.Analog-digital converter is utilized by aforementioned
200 sampling times as time-based unit generate square wave, then 4 Sampling starting points be respectively distributed to signal positive half period starting point and
Midpoint, the starting point of negative half-cycle and midpoint, as shown in Figure 3.
The most value in every half period is found respectively, is denoted as vmax=v [p], then defineK can be anti-
The case where mirroring phase offset, note phase offset are Pos=f (k).
When 0 skew, Pos=0, it is just real peak point, k=0 at this time；
Work as PosIt is gradually increased, i.e. the analog-digital converter current signal sampled and the voltage of the output of square-wave generator 100 is believed
When number generating phase delay, k > 0, and it is bigger to deviate bigger k, when being offset to v (p+1)=v (p)-v (p-1), phase at this time
Inclined Pos=p；
When skew continues to increase from p, just across p point, i.e. Pos→p+When, kmin=-2, and v at this timemax=v [p+1] it
Afterwards with PosIncrease, k is gradually decrease to 0；
In this way, k is in periodic distribution, codomain is -2≤k≤2
For convenient for programming and calculating, by PosDigitized processing is carried out, i.e., [- π ,+π] is translated, is scaled [0,255], then
Establish PosThe relationship of-k carries out modeling and simulating to the circuit system by Matlab, by generating different Pos, corresponding k is simultaneously
Curve is drawn out, three rank multinomials for resettling the two are fitted curve:
a0=1.2901 × 102, a1=-7.7321 × 10,
a2=-- 9.1894 × 10-3, a3=3.4742
Thus phase pushing figure is obtained.
Calculate error of the sampling filter in analog-digital converter under phase pushing figure.
Particularly directed to second order Sigma-Delta type analog-to-digital converter, the order of internal digital sampling filter (DDF)
It is naturally larger than or is equal to 3, and be based on above-mentioned application, positive half period or negative half-cycle only can get 2 sampled points, thus can not
Meet three order word sampling filters and establish stabilization, is i.e. DDF output does not set up complete signal and established under normal circumstances
There are error Es between full stabilization signal.After we E can be normalized thus, E and phase offset P are establishedos's
Relationship: establishing the mathematical model of DDF with Matlab, by generating the input signal of out of phase offset, observes after DDF
Output signal and calculate error E, for that can establish second order polynomial convenient for calculating and be fitted to error E.
E(Pos)=b0+b1Pos+b2Pos 2
b0=6.6497E-1, b1=3.9194E-3, b2=-1.5225E-5
Error compensation is carried out according to voltage of the error to the output end of the first operational amplifier, i.e., multiplied by coefficient S=1/E.
By the output signal X of DDF multiplied by the coefficient S, output Vo (t) after error compensation can be obtained, i.e. first voltage
Value or second voltage value, calculate the peak-to-peak value of each period amplifier output voltage and do average treatment, then be reduced to electric current
Value, computing impedance.
The method for measuring AC impedance of blood glucose meter provided in this embodiment, the based on the above embodiment friendship of the blood glucose meter
Flow impedance measuring circuit, the generation of pumping signal is without using sine-wave generator in the circuit, but uses square-wave generator,
Therefore, the use cost of circuit can be reduced.
In addition, it is contemplated that the sample frequency of analog-digital converter and the Frequency Synchronization of square-wave generator, utilize analog-digital converter
Sampling time as time-based unit, overturns the output of square-wave generator after the completion of interrupting the every sampling of control 2 times with analog-digital converter
Voltage, to realize the synchronization of signal.Therefore, lower for the sample frequency requirement of analog-digital converter, to further decrease
The measurement cost of the ac impedance measurement of blood glucose meter.
Fig. 4 is a kind of structure chart of the ac impedance measurement device of blood glucose meter provided by the invention.As shown in figure 4, blood glucose
The ac impedance measurement device of instrument, comprising:
First acquisition unit 10 for obtaining the positive peak of square-wave generator and the negative peak of square-wave generator, and obtains
The voltage difference of positive peak and negative peak；
Second acquisition unit 11, for obtaining the collected the first voltage value of analog-digital converter and second voltage value；
Current differential computing unit 12, for obtaining flowing through the first current value of feedback resistance, root according to the first voltage value
It obtains flowing through the second current value of feedback resistance according to second voltage value, and calculates the current difference of the first current value and the second current value
Value；
Computing the resistor value unit 13, for calculating the ratio of voltage difference and current differential to obtain the resistance value of impedance to be measured.
Mode is preferably carried out as one kind, further includes:
Phase pushing figure computing unit, for calculating phase when the corresponding current phase of sampled point and electric current reach peak value
Difference to obtain phase pushing figure；
Error calculation unit, for calculating error of the sampling filter in analog-digital converter under phase pushing figure；
Error compensation unit, for carrying out error compensation according to voltage of the error to the output end of the first operational amplifier.
Since the embodiment of device part is corresponded to each other with the embodiment of method part, the embodiment of device part is asked
Referring to the description of the embodiment of method part, wouldn't repeat here.
Detailed Jie has been carried out to the ac impedance measurement circuit of blood glucose meter provided by the present invention, method and device above
It continues.Each embodiment is described in a progressive manner in specification, the highlights of each of the examples are with other embodiments
Difference, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.For the device disclosed in the embodiment, by
It is corresponded to the methods disclosed in the examples in it, so being described relatively simple, reference may be made to the description of the method.
It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, it without departing from the principle of the present invention, can also be right
Some improvement and modification can also be carried out by the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.
Professional further appreciates that, unit described in conjunction with the examples disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure
And algorithm steps, can be realized with electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two, in order to clearly demonstrate hardware and
The interchangeability of software generally describes each exemplary composition and step according to function in the above description.These
Function is implemented in hardware or software actually, the specific application and design constraint depending on technical solution.Profession
Technical staff can use different methods to achieve the described function each specific application, but this realization is not answered
Think beyond the scope of this invention.
The step of method described in conjunction with the examples disclosed in this document or algorithm, can directly be held with hardware, processor
The combination of capable software module or the two is implemented.Software module can be placed in random access memory (RAM), memory, read-only deposit
Reservoir (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable ROM, register, hard disk, moveable magnetic disc, CD-ROM or technology
In any other form of storage medium well known in field.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of method for measuring AC impedance of blood glucose meter, the ac impedance measurement circuit based on blood glucose meter, the circuit includes the
One operational amplifier, second operational amplifier, square-wave generator, feedback resistance and analog-digital converter；The square-wave generator with
The non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier connects, the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier and second fortune
Calculate the output end connection of amplifier；The non-inverting input terminal of first operational amplifier is grounded, first operational amplifier
Output end is connect with the first end of the feedback resistance and the analog-digital converter, the anti-phase input of first operational amplifier
End is connect with the second end of the feedback resistance；Wherein, in measurement process, the inverting input terminal of first operational amplifier
It is connect with the first end of impedance to be measured, the second operational amplifier and reverse input end and the second end of the impedance to be measured connect
It connects characterized by comprising
The positive peak of square-wave generator and the negative peak of the square-wave generator are obtained, and obtains the positive peak and the negative peak
The voltage difference of value；
Obtain the collected the first voltage value of analog-digital converter and second voltage value；
The first current value for obtaining flowing through feedback resistance according to the first voltage value, is flowed through according to the second voltage value
Second current value of the feedback resistance, and calculate the current differential of first current value and second current value；
The ratio of the voltage difference and the current differential is calculated to obtain the resistance value of the impedance to be measured；
Further include:
The difference of phase when the corresponding current phase of sampled point reaches peak value with electric current is calculated to obtain phase pushing figure；
Calculate error of the sampling filter under the phase pushing figure in the analog-digital converter；
Error compensation is carried out according to voltage of the error to the output end of first operational amplifier.
2. a kind of ac impedance measurement device of blood glucose meter, the ac impedance measurement circuit based on blood glucose meter, the circuit includes the
One operational amplifier, second operational amplifier, square-wave generator, feedback resistance and analog-digital converter；The square-wave generator with
The non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier connects, the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier and second fortune
Calculate the output end connection of amplifier；The non-inverting input terminal of first operational amplifier is grounded, first operational amplifier
Output end is connect with the first end of the feedback resistance and the analog-digital converter, the anti-phase input of first operational amplifier
End is connect with the second end of the feedback resistance；Wherein, in measurement process, the inverting input terminal of first operational amplifier
It is connect with the first end of impedance to be measured, the second operational amplifier and reverse input end and the second end of the impedance to be measured connect
It connects characterized by comprising
First acquisition unit for obtaining the positive peak of square-wave generator and the negative peak of the square-wave generator, and obtains institute
State the voltage difference of positive peak Yu the negative peak；
Second acquisition unit, for obtaining the collected the first voltage value of analog-digital converter and second voltage value；
Current differential computing unit, for obtaining flowing through the first current value of feedback resistance according to the first voltage value, according to
The second voltage value obtains flowing through the second current value of the feedback resistance, and calculates first current value and described second
The current differential of current value；
Computing the resistor value unit, for calculating the ratio of the voltage difference and the current differential to obtain the resistance of the impedance to be measured
Value；
Further include:
Phase pushing figure computing unit, the difference of the phase for calculating the corresponding current phase of sampled point and when electric current reaches peak value
Value is to obtain phase pushing figure；
Error calculation unit, for calculating mistake of the sampling filter in the analog-digital converter under the phase pushing figure
Difference；
Error compensation unit, for carrying out error benefit according to voltage of the error to the output end of first operational amplifier
It repays.
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| CN107561147B (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2020-02-04 | 三诺生物传感股份有限公司 | Detection circuit, calibration method and device for current of glucometer |
| CN113495187A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-10-12 | 瀚昕微电子(无锡)有限公司 | AC/DC voltage detection circuit |
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