CN106247856B - A kind of full protection ballistic structure and driver's cabin and bullet-proof car - Google Patents

A kind of full protection ballistic structure and driver's cabin and bullet-proof car Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106247856B
CN106247856B CN201610860533.6A CN201610860533A CN106247856B CN 106247856 B CN106247856 B CN 106247856B CN 201610860533 A CN201610860533 A CN 201610860533A CN 106247856 B CN106247856 B CN 106247856B
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China
Prior art keywords
armour
shellproof
cabin
driver
sheet building
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CN201610860533.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN106247856A (en
Inventor
王成桥
朱学斌
武之剑
张力存
贠涛
禚圆圆
任敬文
李玉成
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TAIAN SPACEFLIGHT SPECIAL VEHICLE CO Ltd
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TAIAN SPACEFLIGHT SPECIAL VEHICLE CO Ltd
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Priority to CN201610860533.6A priority Critical patent/CN106247856B/en
Publication of CN106247856A publication Critical patent/CN106247856A/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41HARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02Plate construction
    • F41H5/04Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0442Layered armour containing metal
    • F41H5/0457Metal layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics
    • F41H5/0464Metal layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics the additional layers being only fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/14Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
    • B32B3/10Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • B32B3/12Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a layer of regularly- arranged cells, e.g. a honeycomb structure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D33/00Superstructures for load-carrying vehicles
    • B62D33/06Drivers' cabs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253Polyolefin fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B32B2307/102Insulating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304Insulating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2571/00Protective equipment
    • B32B2571/02Protective equipment defensive, e.g. armour plates, anti-ballistic clothing

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of full protection ballistic structure and driver's cabin and bullet-proof car, including the first sheet building and the second sheet building, first sheet building includes multiple armours being connected on the second sheet building, there is setting gap, ballistic structure corresponds to the gap location and sets shellproof block between armour.The ballistic structure of the present invention sets shellproof block by the gap location in armour, and total can be shellproof, will not result in casualties because gap is not shellproof, security is stronger.The ballistic structure of the present invention is arranged to three-decker, and two outside layers panel is made by superhigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers, and centre panel is arranged to cellular, and quality is lighter, and can improve ballistic performance.

Description

A kind of full protection ballistic structure and driver's cabin and bullet-proof car
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of full protection ballistic structure and driver's cabin and bullet-proof car.
Background technology
Existing protection driver's cabin is mostly with armour plate welding or plug-in guard assembly.Armour plate welding manner, weight It is whard to control, and different protection level requirements can not be realized on same driver's cabin.Plug-in guard assembly mode by driver's cabin outside See moulding to have a great influence, and selection to guard assembly, made because composite is influenceed to reduce protective benefitses by ultraviolet It is restricted.
Meanwhile driver's cabin makes, armour making has inevitable tolerance, to prevent from influenceing installation because overproof, Armour leaves certain surplus when making, and after causing armour to be installed, there is gap between two boards.Existing shellproof driver's cabin is set Timing, gap location is not considered, it is believed that it is probability problem to hit gap, it is impossible to ensure the safety of driver's cabin well.
Existing shellproof driver's cabin is all to be mounted directly monoblock type bulletproof glass (bulletproof glass is fixed on metal frame, then Metal frame is fixed on car door with bolt).Because bulletproof glass weight is larger, to meet installation strength, using bolt (screw) Installation, it is fixed, gravity-flow ventilation can not be realized, even when environment temperature is suitable, also air-conditioning regulation can only be relied on to drive Indoor temperature.
Military vehicle also improves constantly to lightweight index request, and bullet resistant material account for very in bullet-proof vehicle weight Big proportion.This will carry out light-weight design to bullet resistant material.Existing vehicle bullet resistant material mainly has metal and nonmetallic two Major class, in nonmetal bulletproof material and based on the composites such as aramid fiber.Under identical requirement of shelter, composite surface density It is smaller, weight can be greatly reduced, but composite material strength is poor, typically can only by liner or it is plug-in in a manner of be arranged on metallic matrix On, limit application.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of full protection ballistic structure, anti- Gap location between diving board sets shellproof block, it is possible to achieve full protection, and the more lightweight of the structure of armour.
The present invention also provides a kind of full protection shellproof driver's cabin, and the driver's cabin uses above-mentioned ballistic structure, and by door Armour and the overlapping setting of doorframe armour, play more preferable full protection effect, upset are set on driver's cabin gusset at body Window, also can preferably it divulge information.
The present invention also provides a kind of bullet-proof car, and above-mentioned driver's cabin is used in the bullet-proof car, can preferably ensure to drive The safety of personnel.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical proposals:
A kind of full protection ballistic structure, including the first sheet building and the second sheet building, first sheet building Including multiple armours being connected on the second sheet building, there is setting gap between armour, ballistic structure corresponds to described Gap location sets shellproof block.Gap location between armour is equipped with shellproof block, and total can be shellproof, is formed complete Face is protected, and security is higher.
The shellproof block is arranged between the first sheet building and the second sheet building, and is connected to the second sheet building On, or, the shellproof block is arranged on the outside of the first sheet building, and is connected on armour.Shellproof block is arranged on On second sheet building or on armour, can also can be shellproof by armour gap location, more ensure that the shellproof of total Effect.
Connector is set between first sheet building and the second sheet building.By connector by the first sheet building Connected with the second sheet building.
The armour includes juxtaposed first panel, second panel and the 3rd panel successively, the first panel and the Three panels are made by superhigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers.Superhigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers are current similar protection level materials That surface density is most light, using this kind of material and second panel it is compound after, overall weight is lighter, and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is fine Dimension possesses repair ability.
Preferably, the second panel is alveolate texture.Second panel is arranged to it is cellular, its with first panel, The material of 3rd panel is different, and when bullet enters another density medium by a kind of density medium, trajectory can deflect, from And improve ballistic performance.Alveolate texture can improve nonmetallic anti-as first panel and the supporter of the 3rd panel Play the intensity of material;Alveolate texture (independent hexagonal space) improves sound insulation, heat-proof quality.
A kind of shellproof driver's cabin of full protection, including cab body, the cab body is by above-mentioned full protection Ballistic structure is made.
The cab body includes front wall, gusset, back wall and the top cover to link into an integrated entity, and the gusset is provided with door Body, it is detachable in the front wall, gusset that bulletproof glass is set.Driver's cabin each several part modularization is set, can be prevented according to different Rank requirement is protected, the ballistic-resistant assemble of different-thickness is installed.
Preferably, the bottom of the cab body sets thunder resisting equipment.Make driver's cabin that there is lightning protection effect.
Preferably, the armour that ballistic structure of the armour of the ballistic structure of door body with gusset doorframe is made is made intersects It is folded to set, potted component is set between the door body and gusset doorframe.Ensureing also can be shellproof at driver's cabin crack between a door and its frame, ensures driver's cabin Overall full protection effect.
The gusset rear portion also sets up tilt window, and the tilt window is articulated with armour.Tilt window is set, can be not Need to open during observation, realize ventilation function.
Supporting construction is set between the tilt window and armour.It can be supported after tilt window opening and maintain opening state State, supporting construction can be the structures such as gas spring.
The tilt window is made up of bullet resistant material.Tilt window is arranged to shellproof, avoids bullet from being squeezed into by tilt window Driver's cabin, cause human pilot injures and deaths.
A kind of bullet-proof car, including above-mentioned shellproof driver's cabin.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The ballistic structure of the present invention sets shellproof block by the gap location in armour, and total can be shellproof, no Casualties can be resulted in because gap is not shellproof, security is stronger.
The ballistic structure of the present invention is arranged to three-decker, and two outside layers panel is by superhigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers It is made, centre panel is arranged to cellular, and quality is lighter, and can improve ballistic performance.
Driver's cabin of the present invention is provided with ballistic structure, and will make armour is overlapping to set at crack between a door and its frame, makes overall driver's cabin equal Can be shellproof, full protection effect can be formed.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of full protection ballistic structure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of armour;
Fig. 3 is that armour sets schematic diagram at driver's cabin door body;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that driver's cabin gusset sets tilt window;
In figure, 1 is armour, and 2 be the second sheet building, and 3 be connector, and 4 be gap, and 5 be door body, and 6 be gusset doorframe, 7 be potted component, and 8 be hinge, and 9 be supporting construction, and 10 be tilt window, and 11 be bulletproof glass, and 12 be first panel, and 13 be the 3rd Panel, 14 be second panel, and 15 be shellproof block.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment 1:
As Figure 1-Figure 2, a kind of full protection ballistic structure, including the first sheet building and the second sheet building 2, the One sheet building includes multiple armours 1 being connected on the second sheet building 2, has setting gap 4 between armour 1, shellproof Structure, which corresponds to, sets shellproof block 15 at gap 4.Gap location between armour 1 is equipped with shellproof block 15, whole knot Structure can be shellproof, forms full protection, and security is higher.
Shellproof block 15 can be arranged between the first sheet building and the second sheet building, and is connected to second layer body knot On structure 2, or, shellproof block 15 can be arranged on the outside of the first sheet building, and is connected on armour 1, i.e., shellproof two Shellproof block is set on the outside of the gap location of plate 1, and shellproof block is all connected with two armours 1.
Connector 3 is set between first sheet building and the second sheet building 2.By connector 3 by the first sheet building Connected with the second sheet building.
Armour includes juxtaposed first panel 12, the panel 13 of second panel 14 and the 3rd successively, first panel 12 and the Three panels 13 are made by superhigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers (i.e. UHMWPE fibers).Second panel 14 is alveolate texture.This Second panel 14 uses honeycomb constructed of aluminium in embodiment, and density is small, only 0.5g/cm3;UHMWPE fibers are current similar protection Grade material is that surface density is most light, and possesses repair ability;After two kinds of Material claddings, surface density only has 40% left side of steel plate It is right.Second panel 14 reduces cab body weight using honeycomb aluminum, the lightweight material such as aluminium sheet, honeycomb aluminum as supporter, Improve the intensity of nonmetal bulletproof material, and the honeycomb (independent hexagonal space) of honeycomb aluminum improve sound insulation, every Hot property;According to plug-in form, armour considers from outward appearance angle, to be suspended to bottommost from top, and cab floor line With the unshielded necessity of lower part, liner mode only needs to be arranged on from ceiling to floor location, then reduces weight;The armour Structured media be:UHMWPE fibers, honeycomb aluminum, UHMWPE fibers, bullet are situated between by a kind of density medium into another density During matter, trajectory can deflect, so as to improve ballistic performance.Therefore this kind of composite construction is than simple UHMWPE fibrous materials energy Reduce weight 5% or so.
The manufacture craft of honeycomb aluminum no longer uses aluminium sheet to be combined with honeycomb with adhesive means, the honeycomb aluminum that adhesive means make Plate performance is larger by the performance impact of glue, and because glue has service life, limits the life-span of honeycomb aluminum plate.Honeycomb aluminum of the present invention Plate is welding manner, and service life, intensity, weather resistance greatly improve.Because welding cellular board is employed, in recombination process Hot complex technique is employed, the composite plate made in this way, is made compared to using bonding way, there are three big advantages:One It is that intensity is big, inter-layer bonding force is significantly improved;Second, good weatherability, will not cause to shell because two kinds of material expansion and contractions are different From;Third, production efficiency is high, quality is easily controllable.
UHMWPE fibers have the advantages that low-density, high ratio modulus, high specific strength, good energy absorption.Using The composite that UHMWPE fibers make is lighter than aramid fiber material by 20% or so.The material that the present invention uses uses die forming, energy Meet on-plane surface requirement.
Using ballistic requirements as 53 formula rifle, 7.62 millimeters of steel core bullets, exemplified by 100 meters of required distances.Armour plate needs 6 millimeters Thickness, surface density are about 48 kilograms;UHMWPE fibers need 21 millimeters, and surface density is about 22 kilograms;Silicon carbide compound plate needs 18 millimeters Thickness, surface density are about 36 kilograms.Using three-layer composite structure, 8 millimeters of+8 millimeters of honeycomb aluminum of+6 millimeters of UHMWPE fibers UHMWPE Fiber, surface density are about 20 kilograms.After three-decker is compound, weight change is little, but the intensity of ballistic-resistant assemble greatly improves, both Liner can be used as, can be used for plug-in, moreover it is possible to be fabricated separately structural member (such as floor, car door) or assembly (such as driver's cabin, Cabin etc.).
Embodiment 2:
A kind of shellproof driver's cabin of full protection, including cab body, cab body are prevented by the full protection of embodiment 1 Structure is played to be made.Ballistic structure is applied on driver's cabin, and its second sheet building 2 corresponds to driver's cabin covering, and connector 3 is Corresponding to cab structure beam.Driver's cabin lightweight, the modularization, and the driver's cabin has disposition ability.
Cab body includes front wall, gusset, back wall and the top cover to link into an integrated entity, and gusset is provided with door body, front wall, side Place detachable setting bulletproof glass 11.Driver's cabin each several part modularization is set, can be according to different protection level requirements, peace Fill the ballistic-resistant assemble of different-thickness.Plane sets thunder resisting equipment on the bottom floor of cab body.To driver's cabin guard assembly Modularization packet is carried out, different guard assemblies can be installed in the different parts of driver's cabin according to different protection levels.Such as:Can With in the shellproof harden structure of each several part of driver's cabin (i.e. front wall, back wall, gusset, top cover etc.) installation different-thickness;Can be not With the bulletproof glass of the different-thickness such as position installation 28mm, 35mm, 46mm.
As shown in figure 3, the shellproof of ballistic structure of the armour 1 of the ballistic structure of door body 5 with gusset doorframe 6 is made is made Plate 1 overlaps mutually setting, and potted component 7 is set between door body 5 and gusset doorframe 6.Ensureing also can be shellproof at driver's cabin crack between a door and its frame, ensures The overall full protection effect of driver's cabin.It can be room column structure that gusset doorframe 6, which corresponds on driver's cabin,.Potted component 7 can use the structures such as sealing strip.
As shown in figure 4, gusset sets armour 1, bulletproof glass 11 is set on gusset front portion armour 1, gusset rear portion is prevented Tilt window 10 is also set up on diving board 1, tilt window 10 is articulated with armour 1.Tilt window is set, can be opened when that need not observe Open, realize ventilation function.Tilt window 10 is connected by hinge 8 with armour 1 in the present embodiment.Bulletproof glass 11 and gusset are shellproof Plate 1 is fixed, and tilt window 10 is to be made using bulletproof composite material.Armour 1 couples as mounting base with car door, bulletproof glass 11 are arranged on armour 1 by bolt, conveniently replaced after bulletproof glass 11 is impaired.Tilt window 10 is installed by hinge It is conveniently replaced on armour 1.
Gusset front portion determines the size of bulletproof glass according to visual field demand, may meet that driver and crew observe demand, gusset Rear portion need not the place of observation tilt window is set, tilt window can open, lock.This mode equal area can mitigate weight 70% with Under, while realize ventilation function.
Supporting construction 9 is set between tilt window 10 and armour 1.It can be supported after tilt window opening and maintain opening state State, supporting construction can be the structures such as gas spring.The bottom of tilt window 10 is locked on armour 1 by handle, by branch after opening Support structure 9 is kept it turned on.
Tilt window 10 is made up of bullet resistant material.Tilt window is arranged to shellproof, avoids bullet from being squeezed into by tilt window and drive Room is sailed, causes human pilot injures and deaths.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of bullet-proof car, include the shellproof driver's cabin of embodiment 2.
Although above-mentioned the embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to accompanying drawing, model not is protected to the present invention The limitation enclosed, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of technical scheme those skilled in the art are not Need to pay various modifications or deformation that creative work can make still within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of shellproof driver's cabin of full protection, it is characterized in that, including cab body, the cab body is by full protection Ballistic structure is made;The full protection ballistic structure includes the first sheet building and the second sheet building, the first layer body Structure includes multiple armours being connected on the second sheet building, has setting gap between armour, and ballistic structure corresponds to The gap location sets shellproof block;Connector is set between first sheet building and the second sheet building;
The armour includes juxtaposed first panel, second panel and the 3rd panel successively, the first panel and the 3rd face Plate is made by superhigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers;The second panel is alveolate texture;The shellproof block is arranged at Between one sheet building and the second sheet building, and it is connected on the second sheet building;
The cab body includes front wall, gusset, back wall and the top cover to link into an integrated entity, and the gusset is provided with door body, institute State front wall, detachable on gusset bulletproof glass is set;
The armour of armour and the ballistic structure that gusset doorframe is made that the ballistic structure of door body is made overlaps mutually setting, described Potted component is set between door body and gusset doorframe;
The gusset rear portion also sets up tilt window, and the tilt window is articulated with armour;The bottom of the cab body is set Put thunder resisting equipment.
2. driver's cabin as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, supporting construction is set between the tilt window and armour.
3. driver's cabin as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the tilt window is made up of bullet resistant material.
4. a kind of bullet-proof car, it is characterized in that, including the shellproof driver's cabin described in claim any one of 1-3.
CN201610860533.6A 2016-09-28 2016-09-28 A kind of full protection ballistic structure and driver's cabin and bullet-proof car Active CN106247856B (en)

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CN107202516B (en) * 2017-07-10 2019-10-18 北京汽车研究总院有限公司 A kind of ballistic structure and automobile
CN108162884A (en) * 2017-12-25 2018-06-15 北京汽车研究总院有限公司 A kind of ballistic structure and automobile
CN108382464A (en) * 2018-02-22 2018-08-10 北京汽车研究总院有限公司 A kind of doorframe structure and vehicle
CN109367628A (en) * 2018-10-15 2019-02-22 北京汽车研究总院有限公司 A kind of vehicle roof ballistic-resistant assemble and the vehicle with it
CN110001798B (en) * 2019-03-26 2020-07-14 北京航天发射技术研究所 Split type cab
CN110696929A (en) * 2019-10-22 2020-01-17 中国北方车辆研究所 Floor capable of preventing secondary effect of landmine
CN111469641A (en) * 2020-05-14 2020-07-31 北京汽车集团越野车有限公司 Automobile tail door with bulletproof function and vehicle with same

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IL149479A0 (en) * 2002-05-06 2004-02-19 Plasan Sasa Composite armor structure
US7225717B2 (en) * 2004-06-15 2007-06-05 Square One Armoring Services Company Vehicle armor system
US20120052222A1 (en) * 2007-08-10 2012-03-01 Gagne Robert R Lightweight ballistic protection materials,
CN203637653U (en) * 2014-01-18 2014-06-11 山东天一液压科技股份有限公司 Antiriot mobile police office

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