CN106240390B - A kind of power system for pure electric bus and its during low SOC dynamic optimization electric energy method - Google Patents
A kind of power system for pure electric bus and its during low SOC dynamic optimization electric energy method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106240390B CN106240390B CN201610647968.2A CN201610647968A CN106240390B CN 106240390 B CN106240390 B CN 106240390B CN 201610647968 A CN201610647968 A CN 201610647968A CN 106240390 B CN106240390 B CN 106240390B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of power system for pure electric bus and its during low SOC dynamic optimization electric energy method.The method of dynamic optimization electric energy, includes the following steps when the present invention proposes a kind of pure electric vehicle power system and its low SOC：Step 1: the state-of-charge SOC of power battery is monitored in real time；Step 2: by the SOC of monitoring compared with respective threshold；Step 3: corresponding electric energy optimizing strategy is used according to comparison result.Energy optimal control mode proposed by the present invention is taken, on the one hand saves electric energy use by optimizing the operation of motor, subsidiary engine, on the other hand by adjusting energy regenerating mode according to battery status in real time.Electric current is recycled by adjusting ceiling capacity in real time, improves energy recovery efficiency, not only can the energy content of battery more be increased by recycling but also the use of electric compressor can be reduced by increasing electric braking.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to dynamic when new energy field more particularly to a kind of power system for pure electric bus and its low SOC is excellent
Change the method for electric energy.
Background technology
In recent years under national policy promotion, pure electric automobile City bus market occupancy volume is more and more.Pure electric automobile
Power source comes from power battery, when power battery energy is less than setting value, needs that power battery charging could be maintained normally to transport
Row.Vehicle directly descends high pressure that cannot continue to run with when power battery energy is less than setting value in the prior art or to drop motor defeated
Go out power and maintain operation by driver operation.
Directly lower high pressure prevents vehicle to run out of steam source from walking in the prior art, can only trailer be dragged to charging pile and filled
Electricity, it is bothersome laborious.
Reducing battery output when power battery electricity is less than setting value in the prior art namely reduces output power, needs
Driver is wanted to maintain the throttle input of one, vehicle is made to be travelled with the speed of one, easily makes tired driver.
Invention content
Set forth herein a kind of methods, it is made to pass through optimization when power battery electric energy is low and operation is maintained extremely to charge using electric energy
Stake.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions.
The method of dynamic optimization electric energy when the present invention proposes a kind of low SOC of pure electric vehicle dynamical system, including with
Lower step：
Step 1: the state-of-charge SOC of power battery is monitored in real time；
Step 2: by the SOC of monitoring compared with respective threshold；
Step 3: corresponding electric energy optimizing strategy is used according to comparison result.
Wherein, the threshold value includes first threshold and second threshold, and the first threshold is more than the second threshold.
Wherein, the comparison result of the step 2 is：The SOC is less than first threshold and more than or equal to second threshold
When, perform the first electric energy optimizing strategy.
Wherein, the comparison result of the step 2 is：The SOC is less than second threshold, then performs the second electric energy optimizing plan
Slightly.
Wherein, the first electric energy optimizing strategy includes：
(a1) the triggering temperature of electric air-conditioning is improved, enabled closed high distribution box is just triggered when temperature is higher than certain value
Electric air-conditioning relay；
(a2) by reducing power frequency that electric power steering pumps to the first power frequency, so as to reduce the defeated of electric power steering pump
Go out power, steering power consumption is saved by reducing power steering；
(a3) when electric compressor stops inflating when gas tank air pressure reaches the first atmospheric pressure value, pass through reduction when SOC is low
The value reduces the work of air compressor machine, while meet vehicle security；
(a4) the maximum chargeable electric current of the battery fed back in real time according to battery management system is come energization organic efficiency.
Wherein, the second electric energy optimizing strategy is：
(b1) it automatically controls vehicle and is travelled with a speed C and throttle is persistently kept without driver smaller to be opened one
Degree, wherein speed C belongs to a certain vehicle speed range, is the speed of vehicle neutral gear automatic running；
(b2) entire car controller according to different voltages, at a temperature of electric system efficiency curve choose electric machine operation state make
It is operated in maximal efficiency region；
(b3) in auxiliary system, electric air-conditioning is automatically closed in entire car controller；
(b4) in auxiliary system, electric power steering pump is responsible for providing power steering, under low SOC states, vehicle control
Device processed sends frequency reducing work order to electric booster steering controller, is down to the second power frequency；
(b5) in auxiliary system, entire car controller reduces electric compressor triggering atmospheric pressure value out of service；
(b6) battery that entire car controller is fed back according to battery management system chargeable maximum current in real time, adjusts whole in real time
Vehicle energy regenerating maximum current, increases energy recovery efficiency to greatest extent.
The invention also provides a kind of pure electric vehicle dynamical system, including entire car controller, electric machine controller, battery management
System, electric compressor controller, electric booster steering controller and high pressure distribution module, it is characterised in that：
Entire car controller is controlled with electric machine controller, battery management system, electric compressor controller, electric power steering
Device and high pressure distribution module carry out command interaction；
Electric machine controller is connected respectively with motor and high pressure distribution module；
Instantaneous operating conditions are fed back to electric machine controller by motor；
Motor, master subtracts, drive axle and wheel are sequentially connected；
Wherein, battery management system is connected with power battery, and subsequent power battery passes through high-voltage line and high pressure distribution module
It is connected.
Wherein, high pressure distribution module respectively with electric booster steering controller, electric air-conditioning and electric compressor controller
It is connected, so as to carry out start-up and shut-down control to electric power steering, electric air-conditioning and electric compressor.
The present invention based on how to control whole vehicle state when power battery SOC is too low with reach reasonable distribution energy should
With having the advantage that：
Entire car controller makes motor be operated in relative efficiency in the case of no more than certain speed according to live signal
Utilization rate of electrical is improved in area；
Entire car controller is received after SOC crosses low signal, can be automatically controlled vehicle and be travelled with certain speed, without driving
Member steps on the gas control always, but can still respond the input of driver's large throttle, brake signal；
By rationally controlling auxiliary system working condition, further save energy and use；
Electric current is recycled by adjusting ceiling capacity in real time, improves energy recovery efficiency, both can more be increased by recycling
Add the energy content of battery that can reduce the use of electric compressor by increasing electric braking again.
Description of the drawings
By reading the detailed description of hereafter preferred embodiment, it is various other the advantages of and benefit it is common for this field
Technical staff will become clear.Attached drawing is only used for showing the purpose of preferred embodiment, and is not considered as to the present invention
Limitation.And throughout the drawings, the same reference numbers will be used to refer to the same parts.In the accompanying drawings：
Attached drawing 1 shows the pure electric automobile power assembly schematic diagram according to embodiment of the present invention；
The control method that dynamic optimization electric energy uses when attached drawing 2 shows the low SOC according to embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The illustrative embodiments of the disclosure are more fully described below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although this public affairs is shown in attached drawing
The illustrative embodiments opened, it being understood, however, that may be realized in various forms the disclosure without the reality that should be illustrated here
The mode of applying is limited.It is to be able to be best understood from the disclosure, and can be by this public affairs on the contrary, providing these embodiments
The range opened completely is communicated to those skilled in the art.
If Fig. 1 is that the pure electric automobile power assembly consistent with the embodiment of the present invention forms schematic diagram, mainly by full-vehicle control
The compositions such as device, electric machine controller, motor, energy source of the power battery as vehicle.
Dotted line connection is high-tension line in figure, is connected by high-voltage line, is distinguished by power battery by high pressure distribution module
It is connected to electric machine controller, electric power steering, electric air-conditioning, electric compressor etc..
Line with the arrow represents there is information communication between two components, and four-headed arrow represents two-way communication, unidirectional arrow table
Show that the component that arrow is directed toward only receives the information that other end component transmits.
Solid line connection between representing component is connected by mechanical structure.
The relay for having control electric air-conditioning to enable in high pressure distribution module, there is full-vehicle control transmission.
Electric booster steering controller, electric compressor controller are by full-vehicle control.
Power assembly system structure of the present invention is as follows：
Entire car controller is controlled with electric machine controller, battery management system, electric compressor controller, electric power steering
Device and high pressure distribution module carry out command interaction.
Electric machine controller is connected respectively with motor and high pressure distribution module.
Instantaneous operating conditions are fed back to electric machine controller by motor.
Motor, master subtracts, drive axle and wheel are sequentially connected.
Battery management system is connected with power battery, and subsequent power battery is connected by high-voltage line with high pressure distribution module.
High pressure distribution module is connected respectively with electric booster steering controller, electric air-conditioning and electric compressor controller,
So as to carry out voltage control to electric power steering, electric air-conditioning and electric compressor.
SOC (state of charge) is the numerical value for weighing power battery dump energy in the present invention, and range is 0-
100%, 100% shows the full electricity of battery.
Energy regenerating refers to when touching on the brake, and motor can export braking torque and be generated electricity and be power battery charging, this
One process for converting kinetic energy into electric energy is known as energy regenerating.
A kind of energy optimal control method proposed as shown in Figure 2 for the pure electric vehicle of structure shown in Fig. 1.
The method of dynamic optimization electric energy, includes the following steps when the present invention proposes a kind of low SOC：
Step 1: the state-of-charge SOC of power battery is monitored in real time；
Step 2: by the SOC of monitoring compared with respective threshold；
Step 3: corresponding electric energy optimizing strategy is used according to comparison result.
Wherein, the threshold value includes first threshold and second threshold, and the first threshold is more than the second threshold.
Wherein, the comparison result of the step 2 is：The SOC is less than first threshold and more than or equal to second threshold
When, perform the first electric energy optimizing strategy.
Wherein, the comparison result of the step 2 is：The SOC is less than second threshold, then performs the second electric energy optimizing plan
Slightly.
Wherein, the first electric energy optimizing strategy includes：
(a1) the triggering temperature of electric air-conditioning is improved, enabled closed high distribution box is just triggered when temperature is higher than certain value
Electric air-conditioning relay；
(a2) output power that electric power steering pumps is reduced by reducing the power frequency of electric power steering pump, by subtracting
Small power steering saves steering power consumption；
(a3) when electric compressor stops inflating when gas tank air pressure reaches certain value, when SOC is low by reducing the value
To reduce the work of air compressor machine, while meet vehicle security；
(a4) the maximum chargeable electric current of the battery fed back in real time according to battery management system is come energization organic efficiency.
Wherein, the second electric energy optimizing strategy is：
(b1) it automatically controls vehicle and is travelled with a speed C and throttle is persistently kept without driver smaller to be opened one
Degree, wherein speed C belongs to a certain vehicle speed range, is the speed of vehicle neutral gear automatic running；
(b2) entire car controller according to different voltages, at a temperature of electric system efficiency curve choose electric machine operation state make
It is operated in maximal efficiency region；
(b3) in auxiliary system, electric air-conditioning is automatically closed in entire car controller；
(b4) in auxiliary system, electric power steering pump is responsible for providing power steering, under low SOC states, vehicle control
Device processed sends frequency reducing work order to electric booster steering controller；
(b5) in auxiliary system, entire car controller reduces electric compressor triggering atmospheric pressure value out of service；
(b6) battery that entire car controller is fed back according to battery management system chargeable maximum current in real time, adjusts whole in real time
Vehicle energy regenerating maximum current, increases energy recovery efficiency to greatest extent.
In a certain embodiment, battery management system sends electricity SOC message, entire car controller to entire car controller in real time
First determine whether which section the SOC received is in, if SOC ∈ [A, B) section when control strategy it is as follows, wherein A is in electricity
All energy consumption equipments carry out the SOC value under working condition using lowest power in electrical automobile, and wherein B refers to be owned in electric vehicle
Energy consumption equipment carries out the SOC value under working condition using peak power：
(a1) the triggering temperature of electric air-conditioning is improved, enabled closed high distribution box is just triggered when temperature is higher than certain value
Electric air-conditioning relay.
Improve electric air-conditioning triggering temperature, will before triggering temperature improve or according to circumstances, manually control electricity
Dynamic air-conditioning triggering.
(a2) output power that electric power steering pumps is reduced by reducing the first power frequency of electric power steering pump, led to
Reduction power steering is crossed to save steering power consumption；
After power frequency is reduced, output power can also reduce, this can also save power consumption.
(a3) when electric compressor stops inflating when gas tank air pressure reaches the first atmospheric pressure value, pass through reduction when SOC is low
The value reduces the work of air compressor machine, while meet vehicle security.
When air compressor machine is stopped or the rated pressure of work is needed to reduce whithin a period of time, that is, it is empty to reach reduction
The compressor operation time, so as to fulfill electric energy saving.
(a4) the maximum chargeable electric current of the battery fed back in real time according to battery management system is come energization organic efficiency.
Equally, electric energy is recycled to the maximum extent, can similarly converts more kinetic energy, allow electric vehicle can
Adhere to that the probability to charging pile becomes larger.
As SOC ＜ A, vehicle is energy-optimised as follows using control method：
(b1) it automatically controls vehicle and is travelled with a speed C and throttle is persistently kept without driver smaller to be opened one
Degree, wherein speed C belongs to a certain vehicle speed range, be vehicle neutral gear automatic running speed, when receive driver input
It is responded during large throttle signal；It can also be responded when receiving service brake signal；After driver unclamps throttle and service brake, it can return
Carriage return speed C continues to travel.
Here speed C is a range, to make vehicle when driver does not step on the gas without brake yet, Neng Gouwen
The speed of fixed traveling.
(b2) information such as the input voltage of entire car controller real-time reception motor, temperature, according to different voltages, at a temperature of electricity
Machine system effectiveness curve, which chooses electric machine operation state, makes it be operated in maximal efficiency region, improves energy content of battery utilization ratio, together
When speed be no more than certain value.
When the efficiency maximum of electric system, i.e., consumption is minimum, while exports maximum, and such case also can guarantee electronic vapour
Vehicle can travel farther.
(b3) in auxiliary system, electric air-conditioning is automatically closed in entire car controller.
When electric air-conditioning is closed, many electric energy can be saved for electric vehicle really.
(b4) in auxiliary system, electric power steering pump is responsible for providing power steering, under low SOC states, vehicle control
Device processed sends frequency reducing work order to electric booster steering controller, the second power frequency is reduced to, to lower electric power steering
The working efficiency of pump saves electricity.
Wherein described first power frequency is more than the second power frequency.
(b5) in auxiliary system, entire car controller reduces electric compressor triggering atmospheric pressure value out of service, avoids storing up
Gas tank air pressure is excessively high and uses and reduces surplus；
Wherein the first atmospheric pressure value is more than triggering atmospheric pressure value.
(b6) battery that entire car controller is fed back according to battery management system chargeable maximum current in real time, adjusts whole in real time
Vehicle energy regenerating maximum current, increases energy recovery efficiency to greatest extent, on the one hand can increase battery capacity；On the other hand
The increase of energy regenerating dynamics is that the enhancing of electric braking ability reduces the use stopped to gas, can reduce the use of electric compressor.
In the above embodiment of the present invention, propose to carry out SOC subregion, vehicle there are different responses for different sections.
In another embodiment, subregion can be decided whether as needed.
In different embodiments, each vehicle speed value, partition value are according to different vehicles, motor types, power battery type
It is different and different.
It in different embodiments, can be according to specific matched parts when applying in the pure electric automobile of different automobile types
Performance decides whether using some action in above-mentioned control method.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in,
It should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should the protection model with claim
Subject to enclosing.
Claims (6)
1. the method for dynamic optimization electric energy, includes the following steps during a kind of pure electric vehicle low SOC：Step 1: monitoring is dynamic in real time
The state-of-charge SOC of power battery；Step 2: by the SOC of monitoring compared with respective threshold；Step 3: according to comparison result
Using corresponding electric energy optimizing strategy；
The threshold value includes first threshold and second threshold, and the first threshold is more than the second threshold, wherein described
The comparison result of step 2 is：When the SOC is less than first threshold and is greater than or equal to second threshold, the first electric energy optimizing is performed
Strategy, wherein the first electric energy optimizing strategy includes：(a1) the triggering temperature of electric air-conditioning is improved, when temperature is higher than certain value
When just trigger enabled closed high distribution box electric air-conditioning relay；(a2) power frequency pumped by reducing electric power steering
To the first power frequency, so as to reduce the output power of electric power steering pump；(a3) when electric compressor reaches in gas tank air pressure
Stop inflating during one atmospheric pressure value, reduce the work of air compressor machine by reducing the value when SOC is low；(a4) in real time according to cell tube
The maximum chargeable electric current of battery for managing system feedback carrys out energization organic efficiency.
2. the method for dynamic optimization electric energy during pure electric vehicle as described in claim 1 low SOC, wherein the comparison of the step 2
As a result it is：The SOC is less than second threshold, then performs the second electric energy optimizing strategy.
3. the method for dynamic optimization electric energy during pure electric vehicle as claimed in claim 2 low SOC, wherein second electric energy optimizing
Strategy is：(b1) it automatically controls vehicle and is travelled with a speed C and persistently keep without driver throttle in a smaller aperture,
Wherein speed C belongs to a certain vehicle speed range, to make vehicle that can stablize when driver does not step on the gas without brake yet
The speed of traveling；(b2) entire car controller according to different voltages, at a temperature of electric system efficiency curve choose motor work shape
State makes it be operated in maximal efficiency region；(b3) in auxiliary system, electric air-conditioning is automatically closed in entire car controller；(b4) auxiliary
In machine system, electric power steering pump is responsible for providing power steering, and under low SOC states, entire car controller is to electric boosted turn
Frequency reducing work order is sent to the second power frequency to controller；(b5) in auxiliary system, entire car controller reduces electric compressor
Triggering atmospheric pressure value out of service.
4. the pure electric vehicle dynamical system of the method described in a kind of one of perform claim requirement 1-3, including entire car controller,
Electric machine controller, battery management system, electric compressor controller, electric booster steering controller and high pressure distribution module,
It is characterized in that：Entire car controller and electric machine controller, battery management system, electric compressor controller, electric power steering control
Device processed and high pressure distribution module carry out command interaction；Electric machine controller is connected respectively with motor and high pressure distribution module；Motor will
Instantaneous operating conditions feed back to electric machine controller；Motor, master subtracts, drive axle and wheel are sequentially connected.
5. pure electric vehicle dynamical system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：Battery management system and power battery phase
Even, subsequent power battery is connected by high-voltage line with high pressure distribution module.
6. pure electric vehicle dynamical system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：High pressure distribution module respectively with it is electric boosted
Steering controller, electric air-conditioning are connected with electric compressor controller, so as to electric power steering, electric air-conditioning and electronic sky
Press carries out start-up and shut-down control.
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