CN106236138A - Intracranial pressure noninvasive monitor based on R wave - Google Patents
Intracranial pressure noninvasive monitor based on R wave Download PDFInfo
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- CN106236138A CN106236138A CN201610696928.7A CN201610696928A CN106236138A CN 106236138 A CN106236138 A CN 106236138A CN 201610696928 A CN201610696928 A CN 201610696928A CN 106236138 A CN106236138 A CN 106236138A
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
- A61B8/4411—Device being modular
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
- A61B8/4427—Device being portable or laptop-like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/48—Diagnostic techniques
- A61B8/485—Diagnostic techniques involving measuring strain or elastic properties
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of intracranial pressure noninvasive monitor based on R wave, send including ultrasound wave and drive module, signal receiving circuit module, wear-type monitor and computer module；Described wear-type monitor includes that ultrasound wave sends transducer and ultrasound wave receives transducer.Present invention intracranial pressure noninvasive based on R wave acoustoelastic effect monitor, driving module and ultrasound transmitter device is sent by arranging ultrasound wave, for inspiring R wave in skull, by arranging ultrasonic receiver and receiving signal circuit module for receiving the R wave propagated in skull, after being demodulated by computer, intracranial pressure value can be drawn according to the phase difference calculating between initial signal and distal tip signal, this intracrenial pressure monitor can not only realize the non-invasive monitoring to patient's intracranial pressure, and measurement data is accurate, disclosure satisfy that clinical practice requirement, need not be separately provided monitoring room, and have can on-line monitoring and the advantage of mobile monitoring intracranial pressure for a long time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of medical instruments, be specifically related to a kind of intracranial based on Ultrasonic Rayleigh Waves acoustoelastic effect
Pressure monitor.
Background technology
Ultrasonic technology as a kind of non-destructive monitoring means, be widely used in Medical Instruments, food analysis, quality control,
The fields such as material flaw detection and geophysics.It is believed that ultrasonic parameters was the build-in attribute of material in the past, will not be along with stress
Change and change, but since nineteen fifty-three Hughes is in order to use ultrasonic method to measure the three-order elastic modulus of solid and preliminary
Proposed that solid-borne noise bullet is theoretical and since nineteen sixty-eight Tatsuo proposition sound bullet birefringence effect, people start to think ultrasonic parameters with
The stress of material internal is relevant.Relation between the parameter such as ultrasonic velocity, phase place and stress is referred to as stress-acoustic effect
Or acoustoelastic effect, become the focus of a research in recent years, and be gradually applied to each engineering and application.As super in used
Cement bond logging rock stress, welding residual stress, bolt stress etc..
In monitoring intracranial pressure field, invasive monitoring method the most conventional needs to carry out patient certain surgery hands
Art, patient not only needs to bear certain pain, makes troubles to the life of patient, and also existence easily causes intracranial infection
And it is unsuitable for the problems such as long-time on-line monitoring.Invasive monitoring method requires that patient takes special fixation postures, can carry to patient
Carry out certain sense of discomfort.So, current intracranial pressure noninvasive monitoring method has become as study hotspot and the development side of monitoring intracranial pressure
To, but existing non-invasive monitoring method does not all reach the requirement of accurately measurement, it is impossible to realize ripe clinical practice.And, at present
Non-invasive monitoring method mostly cannot realize long-time on-line real time monitoring, or be difficult to mobile monitoring and scene of the accident monitoring
Clinical practice.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of intracranial pressure noninvasive monitor based on R wave, this monitoring
Instrument also uses embedded computer to realize this instrument, and this intracranial pressure noninvasive monitoring method can not only realize long-time online real
Time monitoring and mobile monitoring etc., and measurement data is accurate, it is possible to meet clinical practice requirement.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides following technical scheme, and a kind of intracranial pressure noninvasive based on R wave is monitored
Instrument, sends including ultrasound wave and drives module, signal receiving circuit module, wear-type monitor and computer module；Described wear
Formula monitor includes that ultrasound wave sends transducer and ultrasound wave receives transducer；
Ultrasound wave sends and drives module, is used for producing initial high frequency signal；
Ultrasound wave sends transducer, sends with described ultrasound wave and drives module to be connected, and described ultrasound wave is sent driving
Module output initial high frequency signal be converted to elastic mechanical ripple, elastic mechanical ripple through chock be converted in skull propagate auspicious
Profit ripple；
Ultrasound wave receives transducer, and R wave, after the propagation in skull after a while, is modulated by intracranial pressure,
R wave is converted to elastic mechanical ripple through chock, and described elastic mechanical ripple is received transducer by ultrasound wave and receives, and ultrasound wave connects
Receive transducer and the elastic mechanical ripple received is converted to pending end high frequency electrical signal；
Signal receiving circuit module, receives transducer with described ultrasound wave and is connected, for reflecting described end high-frequency signal
Frequently, phase-locked, by wave filter, wherein identical with described initial high frequency signal frequency signal component is leached, and export to calculate
Machine module；
Described computer module sends with described ultrasound wave and drives module and signal receiving circuit module to be connected, to described end
End high-frequency signal calculates the phase contrast between primary signal, and calculates intracranial pressure value according to this phase meter.
Further, described computer module is Embedded Computer On Modules.
Further, described wear-type monitor also includes that connection band is fixed on head by fixing device, described fixing device
On.
Further, described fixing device includes the first fixing end, the second fixing end and connects the first fixing end with second
Fix that hold and have resilient headband structure.
Further, described chock has an inclined-plane, and this inclined-plane and ultrasound wave send transducer/ultrasound wave and receive transducer admittedly
Fixed connection；In use, head is close in the bottom surface of described chock.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
Present invention intracranial pressure noninvasive based on R wave acoustoelastic effect monitor, according to R wave acoustoelastic effect, will
Skull is considered as an elastic solid (Hookean body), and in fact this meets with practical situation.When intracranial pressure raises, skull inwall is subject to
Stress changes, then the R wave propagated in skull, its phase contrast also can change accordingly, from the change of phase contrast
Intracranial pressure value can be calculated；And present invention intracrenial pressure monitor based on R wave acoustoelastic effect, by arranging ultrasound wave
Send and drive module and ultrasound transmitter device, for inspiring R wave in skull, by arranging ultrasonic receiver and connecing
Collection of letters circuit module is for receiving the R wave propagated in skull, after being demodulated by computer, it is possible to according to initial signal
With the phase difference calculating between distal tip signal draws intracranial pressure value, this intracrenial pressure monitor can not only realize patient's intracranial pressure
Non-invasive monitoring, and measurement data is accurate, dependable performance, it is possible to meet clinical practice requirement, it is not necessary to be separately provided monitoring
Room, and have can on-line monitoring and the advantage of mobile monitoring intracranial pressure for a long time.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearer, the present invention provides drawings described below to carry out
Illustrate:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of present invention intracrenial pressure monitor based on R wave acoustoelastic effect embodiment；
Fig. 2 is to use the present embodiment intracrenial pressure monitor based on R wave acoustoelastic effect that cranium brain model is carried out intracranial
The simulation test structural representation of pressure monitoring.
Fig. 3 is the cranium brain model experimental configuration schematic diagram that simulation intracranial pressure raises mechanical mechanism；
Fig. 4 is the relativity figure of the intracranial pressure value measured by emulation experiment and finite element stimulation result in theory；
Fig. 5 is wear-type monitor right side cross-sectional view；
Fig. 6 is the top view of wear-type monitor；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of chock；
Fig. 8 is headband structural representation；
Fig. 9 is the limit element artificial module of cranium brain model.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.
As it is shown in figure 1, be the structural representation of present invention intracrenial pressure monitor based on R wave acoustoelastic effect embodiment
Figure.The present embodiment intracranial pressure noninvasive based on R wave monitor, sends driving module 2 including computer 1, ultrasound wave, wears
Formula monitor and signal receiving circuit module 3, wear-type monitor includes that ultrasound wave sends transducer 4, ultrasound wave receives transducing
Device 5.Wherein, ultrasound wave sends and drives module 2 to be used for producing initial high frequency signal；Ultrasound wave sends transducer 4 and sends out with ultrasound wave
Send driving module 2 to be connected, and the initial high frequency signal that ultrasound wave transmission drives module 2 to export is converted to elastic mechanical ripple, warp
Cross the R wave that this mechanical wave is converted to propagate in skull 13 by a chock 8；Ultrasound wave receives transducer 5 for receiving
The R wave propagated in skull, and the R wave received is converted to end high-frequency signal；Signal receiving circuit module 3 is with super
Acoustic receiver transducer 5 is connected, and for end high-frequency signal frequency discrimination, phase-locked, and will have same frequency with initial high frequency signal
The phase contrast of the distal tip signal composition of rate exports to computer 1；Computer 1 and ultrasound wave send and drive module 2 and signal to receive
Circuit module 3 is connected, and calculates the change of intracranial pressure value according to the phase meter of end high-frequency signal.Preferably, computer 1 is embedding
Enter formula computer, it is possible to by intracranial pressure noninvasive monitor miniaturization, portability.
The present embodiment intracranial pressure noninvasive based on R wave acoustoelastic effect monitor, utilizes R wave acoustoelastic effect,
Cranial cavity is considered as an airtight container, and internal full cranium cerebral tissue, when intracranial pressure raises, skull subjected to stress changes
Becoming, the parameter propagating R wave in skull occurs as well as the change of this stress to change accordingly；And the present invention based on
The intracranial pressure noninvasive monitor of R wave acoustoelastic effect, drives module 2 and ultrasound wave transmission to change by arranging ultrasound wave transmission
Energy device 4, for inspiring R wave in skull；Use by arranging ultrasound wave reception transducer 5 and signal receiving circuit module 3
In receiving the R wave propagated in skull, after being demodulated by computer 1, it is possible to according to the R wave parameter sent and receive
Change calculations show that intracranial pressure value, i.e. intracrenial pressure monitor can not only realize the non-invasive monitoring to patient's intracranial pressure, and
Measurement data is accurate, it is possible to meet clinical practice requirement, and the intracrenial pressure monitor of the present embodiment has miniaturization, intelligent and embedding
Enter the advantages such as formula instrument, it is possible to realize the target such as on-line real time monitoring and portable monitoring, and need not in special room
Place apparatus, directly can implement the intracranial pressure mobile monitoring of monitoring and the scene of the accident, it is not necessary to do any surgery hands at beside sickbed
Art, it is to avoid intracranial infection.
In the present embodiment, described chock has one 45 ° of inclined-planes 81, and this inclined-plane sends transducer/ultrasound wave with ultrasound wave
Receive the fixing connection of transducer；In use, head is close in the bottom surface 82 of described chock.
In the present embodiment, ultrasound wave sends transducer 4, ultrasound wave receives transducer 5 by having the connection band of toughness
12 connect.
In the present embodiment, wear-type monitor also includes that connection band is fixed on cranium by fixing device, described fixing device
On bone 13.
Further, described fixing device include first fix the fixing end 15 of end 14, second and connect the first fixing end with
Second fixes that hold and has resilient headband structure 16.
Described headband structure includes main body 161 and pad 162.Main body is arcuate structure, and main body uses flexible glue molding, its bullet
Property is greatly improved, so that described headband structure reaches to wear comfortable purpose.Described pad glueds joint in described main body, described master
The headward side of body is protruding and spaced projection 163, and this projection has certain elasticity.Utilize described projection to increase institute
That states headband structure and head contacts comfort.
Preferably, described projection is about the axially symmetric setting of described main body, and is hollow-core construction, by by described projection
It is arranged to hollow-core construction to increase elasticity, thus improves the pressing effect to head of the whole described headband structure, improve comfort level.
More preferably, according to the wearing mode of described headband structure Yu described head, described projection is sequentially reduced along middle to both sides, so that
Described headband structure is uniformly distributed with the thrust of head, and comfort level strengthens.
The intracrenial pressure monitor based on R wave acoustoelastic effect to the present embodiment accuracy of detection to intracranial pressure value below
It is simulated test.
As in figure 2 it is shown, for using the present embodiment intracranial pressure noninvasive based on R wave acoustoelastic effect monitor to cranium brain
Model carries out the simulation test structural representation of monitoring intracranial pressure.Fig. 3 is the cranium brain model that simulation intracranial pressure raises mechanical mechanism
Experimental configuration schematic diagram, wherein 6 is optical fiber stress sensor, for detecting the stress value within cranium brain model；7 demodulate for stress
Device, for showing the reading of cranium brain model internal stress value.Cranium brain model uses the spherical of lucite 9 making, and at it
Internal liquid of filling, general employing pure water 10.The experiment of this cranium brain model is used for simulating the mechanical mechanism that intracranial pressure raises, and works as work
Plug 11 is when pushing or pull out, and according to the pressure transfer principle of liquid, lucite sphere inner wall is by by certain stress, thus
Simulate intracranial pressure.By use the present embodiment intracrenial pressure monitor based on R wave acoustoelastic effect to cranium brain model inside
Comparison analysis between Monitoring Data and the actually measured value of strain gauge 6 of stress value, it is known that the intracranial pressure prison of the present embodiment
Survey instrument and disclosure satisfy that the clinical required precision of monitoring intracranial pressure.
The intracrenial pressure monitor based on R wave acoustoelastic effect to the present embodiment monitoring accuracy to intracranial pressure value below
Carry out l-G simulation test.
In emulation experiment, in order to ensure inspiring R wave in skull, and meet corresponding boundary condition, set by us
Fixed wavelength must be much smaller than the thickness of skull.
For in acoustoelastic effect, it is assumed that the particle of solid matter has three kinds of states: naturalness, original state and final
State.I.e. setting skull and be organized under normal intracranial pressure state as naturalness, when intracranial pressure raises, skull tissue is in initial shape
State, is in end-state when the intracrenial pressure monitor utilizing the present embodiment applies monitoring ultrasonic.
The assumed condition of Vocal cord injection is exactly: 1) seriality medium is assumed；2) transonic be superimposed upon static limited
Microvariations in large deformation；3) object is super-elasticity, uniform；4) object can be considered isothermal or isentropic procedure in deformation.By
Being the solid matter of a kind of densification in skull, the especially position at skull top, Cranial comparison is hard, and has certain superlastic
Property.The mechanics parameter of skull is close with lucite, and the mechanical property therefore using lucite to simulate skull is feasible,
And in a lot of cranium brain Experiments of Machanics, the such as experiment such as craniocerebral impact injury all uses lucite to carry out the mechanics of analog simulation skull
Characteristic.
Under the conditions of assumed above, use shown in the R wave equation of motion such as formula (1) of initial coordinate:
δ in formula (1)IKIt is Kronecker mark,It is cauchy stress tensor, uK、uIRepresent the displacement under initial coordinate, XL
Represent initial coordinate.
C in formula (1)IJKLIt is referred to as equivalent stiffness, depends on material constant and initial displacement field, be reflection material intrinsic property
Parameter, the C of different materialsIJKLDifference, it does not changes because of load and deformation, does not changes over time, also without speed, therefore
At a certain temperature, stress is determined by strain regime uniquely, therefore, has the one-to-one relationship of stress and strain.Deng
Effect rigidity has symmetry, i.e.
CIJKL=CIJKL=CIJKL=CIJKL, and CIJKLCan be expressed as follows with formula (2):
CIJKL=δIαδJβδKγδIδcαβγδ (3)
Mark in formula (1)～(3) is cartesian tensor, e in formulaMNIt is minimum strain, and eNN=e11+e22+e33。 Represent the initial displacement under the description of initial coordinate system, strain, stress tensor respectively.ρiRepresent under original state
Density；cαβγδFor second order elasticity constant tensor, for isotropic material, independent second order elasticity constant has 2, i.e. draws
Prunus mume (sieb.) sieb.et zucc. constant；cαβγδζηRepresenting three rank elastic constants of material, for isotropic material, three independent rank elastic constants have 3
Individual, i.e. Murnaghan constant.
Owing to the equation of motion of R wave only just can try to achieve analytic solutions under several simple conditions and special boundary condition, one
As can only try to achieve numerical solution by the method for finite element, it is therefore necessary to the cranium brain model in emulation experiment is set up finite element simulation
Model.As it is shown in figure 9, be the limit element artificial module of cranium brain model, this model is only the finite element stimulation of skull stress
Model.
Owing to equivalent stiffness has symmetry, finite element unit stiffness matrix can be reduced to as shown in formula (4):
Wherein λ, μ are the second order elasticity constant of material, and the most well known Lame Coefficient can use test to measure
To or calculated by single order elastic constant i.e. Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio, computational methods such as formula (5), shown in (6), wherein
E is Young's modulus, and ν is Poisson's ratio.
As shown in Figure 4, the contrast of the intracranial pressure value measured by emulation experiment and finite element stimulation result in theory
Graph of a relation.Being found by comparing result, between calculated value and experiment measured value, maximum error is less than 4.5%, and
In the range of normal intracranial pressure (adult 0.7～2.0Kpa, child 0.5～1.0Kpa), R wave phase contrast becomes single with intracranial pressure value
Adjust decline relation, therefore can go out intracranial pressure value according to this relation curve from the phase difference parameter Inversion Calculation of R wave.
Finally illustrate, preferred embodiment above only in order to technical scheme to be described and unrestricted, although logical
Cross above preferred embodiment the present invention to be described in detail, it is to be understood by those skilled in the art that can be
In form and it is made various change, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range in details.
Claims (5)
1. an intracranial pressure noninvasive monitor based on R wave, it is characterised in that: include that ultrasound wave sends and drive module, signal
Receiving circuit module, wear-type monitor and computer module；Described wear-type monitor include ultrasound wave send transducer and
Ultrasound wave receives transducer；
Ultrasound wave sends and drives module, is used for producing initial high frequency signal；
Ultrasound wave sends transducer, sends with described ultrasound wave and drives module to be connected, and described ultrasound wave sends driving module
The initial high frequency signal of output is converted to elastic mechanical ripple, and elastic mechanical ripple is converted to the Rayleigh propagated in skull through chock
Ripple；
Ultrasound wave receives transducer, and R wave, after the propagation in skull after a while, is modulated by intracranial pressure, Rayleigh
Ripple is converted to elastic mechanical ripple through chock, and described elastic mechanical ripple is received transducer by ultrasound wave and receives, and ultrasound wave receives and changes
Device the elastic mechanical ripple received can be converted to pending end high frequency electrical signal；
Signal receiving circuit module, receives transducer with described ultrasound wave and is connected, for described end high-frequency signal frequency discrimination, lock
Phase, is leached wherein identical with described initial high frequency signal frequency signal component by wave filter, and exports to computer mould
Block；
Described computer module sends with described ultrasound wave and drives module and signal receiving circuit module to be connected, high to described end
Frequently signal calculates the phase contrast between primary signal, and calculates intracranial pressure value according to this phase meter.
Intracranial pressure noninvasive monitor based on R wave the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described computer mould
Block is Embedded Computer On Modules.
Intracranial pressure noninvasive monitor based on R wave the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described wear-type is supervised
Survey device and also include that connection band is fixed on head by fixing device, described fixing device.
Intracranial pressure noninvasive monitor based on R wave the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described fixing device
Including the first fixing end, the second fixing end and connect the first fixing end and the second fixing end and have resilient headband knot
Structure.
Intracranial pressure noninvasive monitor based on R wave the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described chock has
One inclined-plane, this inclined-plane sends transducer/ultrasound wave reception transducer and fixes and be connected with ultrasound wave；In use, described chock
Head is close in bottom surface.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112274180A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-01-29 | 张峰 | All-round detection B ultrasonic appearance of head |
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Application publication date: 20161221 |