CN106226782A - A kind of apparatus and method of air wind speed profile detection - Google Patents
A kind of apparatus and method of air wind speed profile detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN106226782A CN106226782A CN201610615121.6A CN201610615121A CN106226782A CN 106226782 A CN106226782 A CN 106226782A CN 201610615121 A CN201610615121 A CN 201610615121A CN 106226782 A CN106226782 A CN 106226782A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/95—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
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Abstract
The invention belongs to laser technology application, relate to the apparatus and method of a kind of air wind speed profile detection.The laser beam that diode laser sends is transmitted in air after being collimated by laser beam emitting device, the backscatter signal of the laser beam being transmitted in air is collected via laser receiver, is imaged onto on tilted-putted imageing sensor after bandpass filter wiping out background light.Under conditions of meeting Sharpe image-forming principle, imageing sensor can carry out blur-free imaging to the laser beam being transmitted in air, different pixels correspond to laser beam imaging in different distance, it is achieved thereby that the two-dimensional detection of the backscatter signal intensity to Atmospheric particulates.The present invention is very big simplifies system structure, reduces system requirements.Under conditions of the high-power nanosecond order light-pulse generator that need not complexity and photodetector, the air wind speed profile being achieved that in 2 dimensions merely with single set atmospheric laser radar system is measured.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laser technology application, be specifically related to the apparatus and method of a kind of air wind speed profile detection.
Background technology
Laser radar (Light Detection and Ranging, Lidar) technology is that a kind of active optical remote sensing is visited
Survey technology, it has uniqueness at aspects such as height/spatial resolution, detectivity, capacity of resisting disturbance and monitorings in real time
Advantage.Since laser instrument comes out, American-European countries begins to be applied in atmosphere environment supervision laser radar technique.Air swashs
The ultimate principle of optical radar technology is transmitting optical signal in air, utilizes large aperture telescope to collect the back scattering letter of air
Number and detected by highly sensitive photodetector (such as photomultiplier tube etc.), after analyzing the air in different distance
To scattered signal intensity, and analyzing atmospheric laser radar equation, the backscattering coefficient of air, atmospheric optics thickness can be analyzed
The information such as the temporal-spatial erosion process of degree, Boundary Layer Height and Atmospheric particulates (aerosol).With atmospheric laser radar technology it is
The focus that air measuring wind speed is current research in the world is carried out on basis, runs the distribution measuring of air wind speed to wind-power electricity generation
Efficiency, atmospheric aerosol and contaminant transmission process study etc. are significant.
Currently, the laser radar technique measuring air wind speed profile depends primarily on pulsed atmospheric laser radar skill
Art, is broadly divided into two kinds according to the principle measured: relevant anemometry and Doppler anemometry.
At first technology [1] (A.R.Mylapore, et.al., " A three-beam aerosol backscatter
correlation lidar for three-component wind profiling,”Proc.SPIE 9080,90800Y,
2014), in, utilize 10kHz repetition rate nanosecond order 1030nm Yb:YAG laser instrument as light source, build three sets and place parallel
Pulsed elastic scattering atmospheric laser radar system.Owing to being distributed in of Atmospheric particulates is non-homogeneous in most cases
, therefore under the effect of wind speed, Atmospheric particulates can pass sequentially through the laser beam that different laser radar systems is launched,
And cause the change of the atmospheric laser radar signal of corresponding laser radar system.By analyzing the air of three set laser radar systems
Backscatter signal dependency in time, obtains correlation time, and is spaced according to the distance of detection system, can measure difference
Wind speed apart from upper multiple different directions.Although this relevant anemometry has reached higher resolution, and can realize many
Dimension measuring wind speed, but overlap laser radar system owing to needs use more, the most with high costs, operation complexity, actual application
Limited.
At first technology [2] (C.Souprayen, et.al., " Rayleigh-Mie wind lidar for
atmospheric measurements.I.Instrumental setup,validation,and first
Climatological results, " Applied Optics 38,2410-2421,1999) in, use narrow linewidth Nd:YAG
Two frequency multiplication 532nm laser of laser instrument export as light source, and are transmitted in air, realize greatly in time-resolved mode
The detection of gas backscatter signal.Due to the effect of air wind speed, the atmospheric backscatter signal received can occur Doppler
Translation, and the size of Doppler shift and air wind speed positive correlation.By putting down laser radar system end of probe detection Doppler
The size of shifting amount can realize the measurement of air wind speed in different distance.Although this Doppler anemometry has the highest spirit
Sensitivity, but it can only measure along the axial wind speed (one-dimensional measurement) of laser beam, the most in actual applications by many limits
System.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides the apparatus and method that a kind of air wind speed profile detects, and effectively overcomes air wind speed in background technology
The bottleneck problems such as the structure that distribution Detection Techniques are faced is complicated, with high costs, measurement dimension is limited.
Technical scheme:
The device of a kind of air wind speed profile detection, including diode laser, laser beam emitting device, laser pick-off dress
Put, bandpass filter and imageing sensor.The laser beam that diode laser sends is launched after being collimated by laser beam emitting device
In air, the backscatter signal of the laser beam being transmitted in air is collected via laser receiver, through the logical filter of band
It is imaged onto after mating plate wiping out background light on tilted-putted imageing sensor (such as CCD or cmos sensor etc.).Meeting Sharpe
Under conditions of image-forming principle, imageing sensor can carry out blur-free imaging, different pixels to the laser beam being transmitted in air
Correspond to laser beam imaging in different distance, it is achieved thereby that the two dimension spy of the backscatter signal intensity to Atmospheric particulates
Survey.It is to say, be possible not only to measure along the particulate matter scattered signal intensity distributions of (axially) on laser beam, and permissible
Measurement is perpendicular to the particulate matter scattered signal intensity distributions on laser beam direction (longitudinally).By respectively to laser beam at axle
To and longitudinally on signal carry out temporal correlation analysis, and according to the range information corresponding to pixel, utilize single set laser
Radar system just can obtain the air wind speed information of two dimensions simultaneously.
Described imageing sensor, laser receiver and laser beam emitting device meets following relation: imageing sensor institute
In plane, the lens place plane such as (or parabolic mirror) of laser receiver and optical axis position, laser beam emitting device place
Put (namely launching light beam place light path) three to intersect, meet Scheimpflug image-forming principle (Sharpe image-forming principle).
Described laser beam emitting device is made up of lens or battery of lens.
The transmission peak wavelength of described bandpass filter matches with the operation wavelength of laser instrument, and laser instrument also can be allowed to send out
The optical signal penetrating laser beam wavelength identical passes through.
Described laser receiver is made up of lens or battery of lens, or is made up of reflective imaging system.
Described imageing sensor is necessary for array image sensor or double (many) line scan image sensors.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the apparatus and method of air wind speed profile of the present invention detection, uses continuous light laser instrument
As light source, employing imageing sensor is as photodetector, and achieves under conditions of meeting Sharpe image-forming principle sending out
The light beam being mapped in air carries out two-dimensional imaging.Analyze the most permissible by the signal intensity of two-dimensional imaging being carried out temporal correlation
Obtain the air wind speed of two dimensions simultaneously.The present invention is very big simplifies system structure, reduces system requirements.Need not
Under conditions of complicated high-power nanosecond order light-pulse generator and photodetector, merely with single set atmospheric laser radar system
The air wind speed profile being achieved that in 2 dimensions is measured.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is to need the geometrical relationship met to put down between laser beam emitting device, laser receiver and imageing sensor three
Face figure, namely Sharpe image-forming principle schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the installation drawing of air wind speed profile detection.
Fig. 3 is the laser beam two-dimensional imaging schematic diagram that array image sensor detects.
In figure: 1 diode laser；2 laser beam emitting devices；3 laser receivers；4 bandpass filters；5 image sensings
Device.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and technical scheme, further illustrate the detailed description of the invention of the present invention.
Embodiment
A, the temperature controlling diode laser and driving electric current so that its output beam wavelength and bandpass filter
Transmission spectrum overlaps, and the light beam that laser instrument sends is transmitted among air after being collimated by laser beam emitting device.
B, control laser drive current, higher than operation threshold, launch laser beam, and the laser beam persistent period is designated as t0/
2, after the laser beam being transmitted in air is via the particulate matter back scattering in air, collected by laser receiver, warp
After bandpass filter filters the atmospheric background signal, then realized photodetection by imageing sensor, it is thus achieved that atmospheric laser light beam and
The two dimensional image of background signal, is designated as IL。
C, laser drive current is set to 0 or is less than operation threshold thus closes laser instrument；Laser receiver is received
Collection the atmospheric background signal, imageing sensor is with the time t identical with step B0/ 2 carry out photodetection, gather the atmospheric background letter
Number, it is thus achieved that the two dimensional image of the atmospheric background signal, it is designated as IBG。
D, calculating IL-IBGObtain the corresponding two-dimensional image I launching laser beam measuring time t01。
E, repetition step (B-D) n times (N is random natural number), it is thus achieved that time period Nt0The X-Y scheme of interior transmitting laser beam
As I1, I2... IN。
F, system calibration: known fixing object of system being adjusted the distance measures, and note down and reflected by fixing object
Laser beam is in the position of imageing sensor.According to geometry image-forming principle, image sensor pixel can be calculated (along laser beam
Axial pixel, axially) and the relation measured between distance, and be perpendicular to the direction (longitudinally) of laser beam pixel and away from
From relation.
G, respectively in the pixel (with reference to accompanying drawing 3) axially and longitudinally choosing two diverse locations of two dimensional image, axially:
I (x1, y1) and I (x2, y1)；Longitudinally: I (x1, y1) and I (x1, y2).Measuring time Nt0Its temporal correlation of interior calculating:
C1 (x1, Δ t)=Corr (I (x1, y1), I (x2, y1)) (1)
C2 (x1, Δ t)=Corr (I (x1, y1), I (x1, y2)) (2)
Here function Corr () is correlation calculations function.Location of pixels x1 can be obtained axial and vertical according to above-mentioned formula
To laser radar signal t1 correlation time, t2.It is spaced d1 and d2, Ji Keqiu according to the distance corresponding to axially and longitudinally pixel
Take the wind speed v1=d1/t1, v2=d2/t2 of two dimensions in air distance corresponding at location of pixels x1.
Above content is to combine the further description that the present invention is done by optimal technical scheme, it is impossible to assert the present invention
Be embodied as be only limitted to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from this
On the premise of bright design, it is also possible to make simple deduction and replacement, all should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the device of an air wind speed profile detection, it is characterised in that this device includes that diode laser, Laser emission fill
Put, laser receiver, bandpass filter and imageing sensor, the laser beam that diode laser sends is filled by Laser emission
Being transmitted in air after putting collimation, the backscatter signal of the laser beam being transmitted in air is received via laser receiver
Collection, is imaged onto on tilted-putted imageing sensor after bandpass filter wiping out background light；Meeting Sharpe image-forming principle
Under conditions of, the imageing sensor laser beam to being transmitted in air carries out blur-free imaging, and different pixels correspond to difference
Apart from upper laser beam imaging, it is achieved the two-dimensional detection to the backscatter signal intensity of Atmospheric particulates；Respectively to laser light
Restraint and carry out temporal correlation analysis at the signal axially and longitudinally gone up, and according to the range information corresponding to pixel, utilize single set
Laser radar system obtains the air wind speed information of two dimensions simultaneously；
Described imageing sensor, laser receiver and laser beam emitting device meets following relation: imageing sensor place is put down
Face, the lens place plane of laser receiver and laser beam emitting device place optical axis position three are intersected, and meet
Scheimpflug image-forming principle；
Described laser beam emitting device is made up of lens or battery of lens；
The transmission peak wavelength of described bandpass filter matches with the operation wavelength of laser instrument, i.e. allows laser instrument to launch laser light
Optical signal identical for Shu Bochang passes through；
Described laser receiver is made up of lens or battery of lens, or is made up of reflective imaging system；
Described imageing sensor is necessary for array image sensor, twin-line array imageing sensor or many line scan image sensors.
2. the method for an air wind speed profile detection, it is characterised in that step is as follows:
A. control the temperature of diode laser and drive electric current so that it is output beam wavelength and the transmission spectrum of bandpass filter
Overlapping, the light beam that diode laser sends is transmitted in air after being collimated by laser beam emitting device；
B. controlling diode laser drives electric current higher than operation threshold, launches laser beam, and the laser beam persistent period is designated as
t0/ 2, after the laser beam being transmitted in air is via the particulate matter back scattering in air, collected by laser receiver, warp
After bandpass filter filters the atmospheric background signal, then realized photodetection by imageing sensor, it is thus achieved that atmospheric laser light beam and the back of the body
The two dimensional image of scape signal, is designated as IL；
C., diode laser drives electric current be set to 0 or less than operation threshold, closes diode laser；Laser pick-off fills
Putting collection the atmospheric background signal, imageing sensor is with the time t identical with step B0/ 2 carry out photodetection, gather the air back of the body
Scape signal, it is thus achieved that the two dimensional image of the atmospheric background signal, is designated as IBG；
D. I is calculatedL-IBG, obtain corresponding measurement time t0Launch laser beam two-dimensional image I1；
E. repeating step B-D n times altogether, N is random natural number, it is thus achieved that time period Nt0The two-dimensional image I of interior transmitting laser beam1,
I2... IN；
F. system calibration: known fixing object of system being adjusted the distance measures, and notes down the laser reflected by fixing object
Light beam is in the position of imageing sensor；According to geometry image-forming principle, calculate image sensor pixel and measure between distance
Relation and be perpendicular to the relation of pixel and distance in direction of laser beam；
The most respectively in the pixel axially and longitudinally choosing two diverse locations of two dimensional image, axially: I (x1, y1) and I (x2,
y1)；Longitudinally: I (x1, y1) and I (x1, y2)；Measuring time Nt0Its temporal correlation of interior calculating:
C1 (x1, Δ t)=Corr (I (x1, y1), I (x2, y1)) (1)
C2 (x1, Δ t)=Corr (I (x1, y1), I (x1, y2)) (2)
Wherein: function Corr () is correlation calculations function；Location of pixels x1 is obtained axially and longitudinally according to above-mentioned formula
Laser radar signal t1 correlation time, t2；It is spaced d1 and d2 according to the distance corresponding to axially and longitudinally pixel, i.e. asks for air
The wind speed v1=d1/t1, v2=d2/t2 of two dimensions in distance corresponding at location of pixels x1.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106772432A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-05-31 | 苏州四百克拉光电科技有限公司 | Continuous laser 3-D scanning method and device based on husky nurse law hinge principle |
| CN107390231A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-11-24 | 苏州优函信息科技有限公司 | The continuous light windfinding radar system and method for correlation method based on husky nurse law |
| CN107991685A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-05-04 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Face exploring laser light Fluorescence lidar and detection method based on line excitation source |
| CN108919233A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2018-11-30 | 天测（天津）遥感科技有限公司 | A kind of Atmospheric particulates chromatograph |
| CN109782019A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-05-21 | 中国科学技术大学 | Atmosphere pollution two dimensional motion speed measurement method and device |
| CN109917421A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-06-21 | 大连理工大学 | Multi-wavelength based on Scheimpflug principle polarizes Mie scattering lidar system |
| CN110456384A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-11-15 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of miniaturization Sharpe atmospheric laser radar system |
| WO2020260754A1 (en) | 2019-06-24 | 2020-12-30 | Oseir Oy | Method and apparatus for monitoring a flow field of a particle jet |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106772432A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-05-31 | 苏州四百克拉光电科技有限公司 | Continuous laser 3-D scanning method and device based on husky nurse law hinge principle |
| CN107390231A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-11-24 | 苏州优函信息科技有限公司 | The continuous light windfinding radar system and method for correlation method based on husky nurse law |
| CN107991685A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-05-04 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Face exploring laser light Fluorescence lidar and detection method based on line excitation source |
| CN108919233A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2018-11-30 | 天测（天津）遥感科技有限公司 | A kind of Atmospheric particulates chromatograph |
| CN109782019A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-05-21 | 中国科学技术大学 | Atmosphere pollution two dimensional motion speed measurement method and device |
| CN109917421A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-06-21 | 大连理工大学 | Multi-wavelength based on Scheimpflug principle polarizes Mie scattering lidar system |
| WO2020260754A1 (en) | 2019-06-24 | 2020-12-30 | Oseir Oy | Method and apparatus for monitoring a flow field of a particle jet |
| CN110456384A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-11-15 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of miniaturization Sharpe atmospheric laser radar system |
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