CN106225928A - A kind of vector beam polarisation distribution detection apparatus and method - Google Patents
A kind of vector beam polarisation distribution detection apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106225928A CN106225928A CN201610536624.4A CN201610536624A CN106225928A CN 106225928 A CN106225928 A CN 106225928A CN 201610536624 A CN201610536624 A CN 201610536624A CN 106225928 A CN106225928 A CN 106225928A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J4/00—Measuring polarisation of light
- G01J4/04—Polarimeters using electric detection means
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of vector beam polarisation distribution detection device, including quarter-wave plate, line polarized light analyzer, rotary module, image capture module and computer.Also disclose vector beam polarisation distribution detection method, incoming parallel beam through quarter-wave plate and line polarized light analyzer, after detected by image capture module；Quarter-wave plate fast axis direction, a series of light beam images that image capture module exposure record is modulated by quarter-wave plate fast axis direction are changed by rotary module；Computer is subdivided into film micro area image, for each film micro area it is believed that its polarisation distribution is uniform, analyze its intensity curve modulated by quarter-wave plate fast axis direction, the polarization state of this film micro area can be obtained, all film micro areas are done identical process, the final polarization state distribution obtaining whole light beam.Apparatus and method of the present invention, simple in construction, the suitability are good, reliable and stable, it is possible to realize any vector beam polarisation distribution fast and automatically, detect accurately.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vector beam polarisation distribution detection apparatus and method, belong to optical polarization detection technique neck
Territory.
Background technology
The polarization of light and intensity, phase place are the same is a critical nature of light.And polarized light is divided into according to polarisation distribution
Even polarization light and non-uniform polarisation light.Even polarization light refers on beam cross-section, and the polarization state of light is not divided with spatial variations
Cloth is uniform, and such as line polarized light, circularly polarized light, elliptically polarized light and partial polarized light etc., this light beam is referred to as scalar light beam；Non-all
The polarization state of even polarized light skewness on beam cross-section, changes with spatial distribution, such as radial polarisation, angularly
Polarization, vortex light field and oval vector beam etc., this light beam is referred to as vector beam.
The polarization characteristic of two kinds of light beams, has important application in a lot of fields.The polarization of scalar light beam applies such as liquid crystal
Display, it is simply that the modulation of optically-based polarization；In industrial micro-field, polarization can provide the detection contrast become apparent from；
In biology microscope field, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide direction that strength parameter is not provided that and Structure Comparison degree；And vector beam is inclined due to it
The inhomogeneities shaken, at a lot of aspects such as super-resolution microscope, frequency shifting, optics catches and controls, electronics accelerates, high-resolution
Measure and optical tweezer technology all plays an important role.
For the Polarization Detection of scalar light beam, domestic and international research worker proposes methods and apparatus, it is achieved that scalar
Light polarization automatic, quick, accurately measure.And the detection of the polarisation distribution of vector beam, study the most both at home and abroad
Seldom, the most quickly, automatic testing method accurately.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is: provide a kind of vector beam polarisation distribution detection apparatus and method, energy
Enough realize any vector beam polarisation distribution fast and automatically, detect accurately.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem by the following technical solutions:
A kind of vector beam polarisation distribution detection device, including quarter-wave plate, rotary module, line polarized light analyzing
Device, image capture module and computer；
Described image capture module is for exposing the vector beam of parallel incidence successively through quarter-wave plate, line polarized light
Image after analyzer；
Described rotary module is used for rotating quarter-wave plate fast axis direction；
Described computer connects rotary module, image capture module respectively, and computer is used for controlling rotary module and drives four
/ mono-wave plate rotates its quick shaft direction, is additionally operable to receive and process the image information that image capture module transmits, finally
Show the polarisation distribution of whole vector beam.
As a kind of preferred version of apparatus of the present invention, described image capture module includes beam-shaping optical module and figure
As sensor；
Described beam-shaping optical module is telescope optical system, for by parallel incidence and by line polarized light analyzer
The vector beam bundle that carries out expanding or contract mate the imaging size of imageing sensor, then exiting parallel is to imageing sensor；
Imageing sensor is ccd image sensor, for exposure image after beam-shaping optical module, and is transferred to computer.
As a kind of preferred version of apparatus of the present invention, described rotary module is the rotary stepped machine of tape controller.
As a kind of preferred version of apparatus of the present invention, described line polarized light analyzer is that the line that axis of homology direction is fixed is inclined
Shake sheet or linear polarization prism.
A kind of vector beam polarisation distribution detection method, comprises the steps:
Step 1, parallel incident vector beam is through quarter-wave plate, line polarized light analyzer, beam-shaping optical module
After incide on imageing sensor photosurface, by image sensor exposure；
Step 2, computer controls rotary module and drives quarter-wave plate to rotate its fast axle to different directions, schemes simultaneously
As exposure sensor light beam image under each quick shaft direction, final acquisition is a series of is adjusted by quarter-wave plate fast axis direction
The light beam image of system, and these light beam images are transferred to computer；
Step 3, the light beam image obtained is finely divided by computer, then process in each segmentation film micro area by four/
The intensity curve of one quick shaft direction modulation, obtains the polarization state of each film micro area, finally obtains and show whole vector beam
Polarization state is distributed.
As a kind of preferred version of the inventive method, computer described in step 2 controls rotary module and drives 1/4th
Wave plate rotates its fast axle to different directions, and imageing sensor exposes the fast axle light beam image when different directions simultaneously, different
Direction altogether the most N number of, and N is more than or equal to 3.
As a kind of preferred version of the inventive method, the detailed process of described step 3 is:
31) according to spatial resolution and required precision, if width light beam image every in series is subdivided into by identical rule
Dry film micro area, is overlapped this by light intensity corresponding for all pixels in the film micro area of every width light beam image the i-th row j row
Total light intensity I of film micro areaij；
32) along quarter-wave plate fast axis direction of rotation αkExtract total light of every side beam image the i-th row j row film micro area
By force, the intensity curve I that the total light intensity of this film micro area is modulated by quarter-wave plate fast axis direction is obtainedij(αk), k=1,2 ..., N, N
Represent total number in quarter-wave plate fast axis direction；
33) to above-mentioned intensity curve Iij(αk) process, thus obtain the polarization state of the i-th row j row film micro area inner light beam,
It is embodied in and obtains azimuth angle thetaijWith the ellipse degree of biasTwo parameters:
Wherein,
34) all film micro areas are carried out above-mentioned calculating, obtain its polarization parameter azimuth and the ellipse degree of bias, and according to polarization ginseng
Number draws the polarization form of each film micro area, the final polarisation distribution showing whole vector beam.
The present invention uses above technical scheme compared with prior art, has following technical effect that
1, vector beam polarisation distribution of the present invention detection apparatus and method, achieve any vector beam polarisation distribution first
Quick detection.
2, vector beam polarisation distribution of the present invention detection device, simple in construction, the suitability is strong, be easily achieved.
3, vector beam polarisation distribution detection method of the present invention, it is possible to detection is any fast and automatically, intuitively, exactly vows
The polarisation distribution of amount light beam, correlational study and technology for vector light provide and support Method and kit for, have important application valency
Value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of vector beam polarisation distribution of the present invention detection device.
Fig. 2 be vector beam polarisation distribution detection method Data processing imageing sensor of the present invention obtain by four/
The light beam image of one wave plate quick shaft direction modulation.
Fig. 3 is that one of them segmentation film micro area of vector beam polarisation distribution detection method Data processing of the present invention extracts
Along quarter-wave plate fast axis direction light intensity changing value and the theoretical light of the polarization parameter calculating according to acquisition after the process of these data
Strong curve chart.
Fig. 4 is that polarization state parameter describes schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the vector beam polarisation distribution schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention finally shows.
Wherein, 1 is quarter-wave plate, and 2 is rotary module, and 3 is line polarized light analyzer, and 4 is beam-shaping optical mould
Block, 5 is imageing sensor, and 6 is computer, and the dotted line of 1 represents quarter-wave plate fast axis direction, and the dotted line of 3 represents linear polarization
Light analyzer axis of homology direction.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiments of the present invention are described below in detail, and the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, the most ad initio
Represent same or similar element to same or similar label eventually or there is the element of same or like function.Below by ginseng
The embodiment examining accompanying drawing description is exemplary, is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the claims.
The present invention proposes vector beam polarisation distribution detection apparatus and method, and most basic thought is the horizontal stroke of vector beam
Cross section is subdivided into a lot of film micro area, and in an independent film micro area, polarization state varies less, it is believed that is constant, therefore may be used
The polarization state of this film micro area is detected with the method utilizing scalar light beam polarization to detect.Each film micro area is detected, finally real
The detection of existing whole vector beam cross section polarisation distribution.The present invention utilize telescope optical system coordinate imageing sensor to realize
The parallel detection of polarisation distribution, the method using parallel data processing the most equally, finally realize vector beam inclined
The quick of distribution that shake detects.
The present invention provide vector beam polarisation distribution detection device as it is shown in figure 1, the vector beam of parallel incidence first
Through quarter-wave plate 1, afterwards by the line polarized light analyzer 3 that the axis of homology is fixing, then by beam-shaping optical mould
Block 4 mates the spot size of imageing sensor 5 photosensitive area and incident beam, is finally exposed by imageing sensor 5.Computer
6 connect and control rotary module 2 and imageing sensor 5, drive quarter-wave plate to rotate its fast axle including driving rotary module 2
Direction, receives and processes the image information that imageing sensor 5 transmission is returned, the final polarisation distribution showing whole vector beam.
Wherein, quarter-wave plate 1 selects common optics quadrant shape wave plate；Rotary apparatus 2 selects band control
The rotary stepped machine of device, its frame for movement needs to ensure the installation of quarter-wave plate 1.Line polarized light analyzer 3, selects
Common linear polarizer, it is also possible to be linear polarization prism, keeps its axis of homology fixed-direction constant.Beam-shaping optical module 4
Use telescope optical system, play the effect of the bundle that expands or contract, it is ensured that the beam sizes of parallel entrance beam can mate figure
As the size of sensor 5 photosurface, ensure simultaneously parallel entrance beam can exiting parallel, the enlargement ratio of concrete optical system
Determined by the size of incident beam and the size of imageing sensor 5 photosurface.Imageing sensor 5 is owing to being not related to coloured image
Acquisition, select monochromatic ccd image sensor.
During detection, after incident parallel vector beam enters detection device, computer controls the work of whole device.
Rotary apparatus is driven to drive quarter-wave plate to rotate to N number of different direction between 0 ° to 180 °, at each direction figure below
As the corresponding light beam image of exposure sensor record, then it is transmitted back to computer.The result that computer obtains is as in figure 2 it is shown, be
A series of intensity image modulated by quarter-wave plate fast axis direction α.Then to each image in series by identical rule
Being subdivided into film micro area, the polarisation distribution change in each film micro area is little, it is believed that polarization state is identical, can use scalar light
It is detected by the method for bundle detection.In segmentation process, the lateral resolution of the least last polarisation distribution of film micro area is the highest
(can be single pixel), but simultaneously as impacts such as imageing sensor capture intensity noises, process the noise of rear polarizer distribution
The biggest, accuracy declines, and the time that data process simultaneously needs is the most.Need to be distributed according to light beam polarization, the power of light beam
Consider to make balance in resolution, noise, process between the time etc. combined factors.
For each film micro area, in superposition film micro area, the light intensity of all pixels generates total light intensity, so for each microcell
The total light intensity changing value modulated by α can be extracted, along quick shaft direction α, easily in territory, and the dotted line in Fig. 3 illustrates for certain figure
Some film micro area in Xiang, the value that total light intensity of extraction changes along α.
According to total light intensity along the changing value of α, process the polarization state obtaining this film micro area, this polarization state and scalar through data
The random polarization state of light beam equally can be described by two parameters, and as shown in Figure 4, one of them parameter is oval azimuth
θ, another is the ellipse degree of biasUtilizing the two parameter, can describe any single polarization state, liner polarization and circular polarization is all special
Different elliptical polarization.Due to exist two unknown parameter θ andSo light intensity value to be passed through tries to achieve the two parameter, mathematically want
Ask the value that light intensity α changes no less than three, also objective requirement is at least exposed on three different quick shaft direction α to plot of light intensity
Picture, i.e. N >=3.During actually detected, when N is the biggest, it is thus achieved that data the most, accuracy is the highest, but simultaneously time-consuming the most more
Long.So in actually detected, need to be balanced between accuracy in detection and detection speed, the selection of General N 10～
Between 45.
For specific film micro area, computer is by processing the light that this film micro area is modulated by quarter-wave plate fast axis direction α
Strong change, can ask for polarization parameter θ andValue.Concrete Treatment Analysis principle is to utilize Jones matrix Modeling Calculation to obtain light
Strong change andBetween relation, then according to light intensity change ask for θ and
Being θ to Orientation of polarized main axis, the ellipse degree of bias isPolarized light, be the quarter-wave plate of α through quick shaft direction, then
Fixed its electric field intensity after the linear polarization analyzer of (being assumed to be 90 °) by axis of homology direction, utilize Jones matrix modeling as follows
Shown in formula:
It is computed its light intensity I (α) as follows:
Observe it appeared that I (α) can be expressed as the fourier function form of α:
Wherein, AnAnd BnIt it is all its Fourier coefficient.
Therefore, θ andCan be tried to achieve by Fourier coefficient:
In real data processes, light intensity I (α) that computer obtains according to certain film micro area, with the changing value of α, carries out Fu
In leaf be calculated its Fourier coefficient, as follows:
Then according to θ andRelation with Fourier coefficient, it is easy to ask for this film micro area polarization parameter.The dotted line of Fig. 3
Illustrating total light intensity value under 30 different quick shaft direction α that one of them film micro area extracts, in figure, solid line illustrated is above-mentioned
Data processing method obtain corresponding θ andAfter bring the computing formula of above-mentioned light intensity I (α) into after the theoretical light intensity curve that obtains,
The least with actual value difference, show that the polarization parameter asked for by the method has the highest accuracy.
Film micro area all of in image is utilized above-mentioned data processing method, and it is corresponding that parallel computation obtains each film micro area
Polarization parameter θ andThen the polarization state of each film micro area is drawn by elliptic function, as it is shown in figure 5, so can intuitively show
Show the polarization state distribution of whole light beam.
Above example is only the technological thought that the present invention is described, it is impossible to limit protection scope of the present invention with this, every
The technological thought proposed according to the present invention, any change done on the basis of technical scheme, each fall within scope
Within.
Claims (7)
1. a vector beam polarisation distribution detection device, it is characterised in that include that quarter-wave plate, rotary module, line are inclined
Shake light analyzer, image capture module and computer；
Described image capture module is for exposing the vector beam of parallel incidence successively through quarter-wave plate, line polarized light analyzing
Image after device；
Described rotary module is used for rotating quarter-wave plate fast axis direction；
Described computer connects rotary module, image capture module respectively, computer be used for controlling rotary module drive four/
One wave plate rotates its quick shaft direction, is additionally operable to receive and process the image information that image capture module transmits, finally shows
The polarisation distribution of whole vector beam.
Vector beam polarisation distribution detection device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described image capture module bag
Include beam-shaping optical module and imageing sensor；
Described beam-shaping optical module is telescope optical system, for by parallel incidence and by the arrow of line polarized light analyzer
Amount light beam carries out expanding or contracting restrainting the imaging size mating imageing sensor, and then exiting parallel is to imageing sensor；Image
Sensor is ccd image sensor, for exposure image after beam-shaping optical module, and is transferred to computer.
Vector beam polarisation distribution detection device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described rotary module is band control
The rotary stepped machine of device processed.
Vector beam polarisation distribution detection device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described line polarized light analyzer
The linear polarizer fixing for axis of homology direction or linear polarization prism.
5. a vector beam polarisation distribution detection method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
Step 1, parallel incident vector beam enters after quarter-wave plate, line polarized light analyzer, beam-shaping optical module
It is mapped on imageing sensor photosurface, by image sensor exposure；
Step 2, computer controls rotary module and drives quarter-wave plate to rotate its fast axle to different directions, image biography simultaneously
Sensor is exposed on the light beam image under each quick shaft direction, and final obtain a series of is modulated by quarter-wave plate fast axis direction
Light beam image, and these light beam images are transferred to computer；
Step 3, the light beam image obtained is finely divided by computer, fast by 1/4th in then processing each segmentation film micro area
The intensity curve of direction of principal axis modulation, obtains the polarization state of each film micro area, finally obtains and show the polarization of whole vector beam
State is distributed.
Vector beam polarisation distribution detection method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that computer control described in step 2
Rotary module processed drives quarter-wave plate to rotate its fast axle to different directions, and imageing sensor exposes fast axle in difference simultaneously
Light beam image during direction, different directions is the most N number of, and N is more than or equal to 3.
Vector beam polarisation distribution detection method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the concrete mistake of described step 3
Cheng Wei:
31) according to spatial resolution and required precision, width light beam image every in series is subdivided into several by identical rule
Film micro area, is overlapped obtaining this microcell by light intensity corresponding for all pixels in the film micro area of every width light beam image the i-th row j row
Total light intensity I in territoryij；
32) along quarter-wave plate fast axis direction of rotation αkExtract total light intensity of every side beam image the i-th row j row film micro area, obtain
The intensity curve I that the total light intensity of this film micro area is modulated by quarter-wave plate fast axis directionij(αk), k=1,2 ..., N, N represent four
Total number of/mono-wave plate quick shaft direction；
33) to above-mentioned intensity curve Iij(αk) process, thus obtain the polarization state of the i-th row j row film micro area inner light beam, specifically
It is embodied in and obtains azimuth angle thetaijWith the ellipse degree of biasTwo parameters:
Wherein,
34) all film micro areas are carried out above-mentioned calculating, obtain its polarization parameter azimuth and the ellipse degree of bias, and paint according to polarization parameter
Make the polarization form of each film micro area, the final polarisation distribution showing whole vector beam.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN108303180A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-07-20 | 中山大学 | A kind of vector optical measurement instrument based on optics geometric transformation |
| CN110207826A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-09-06 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | A kind of vector beam polarization state detection method |
| CN110319935A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-10-11 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of device and method of knife-edge method detection radial polarisation optical purity |
| CN111256827A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-06-09 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Light wave polarization state detection method based on vector light field modulation and image processing |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108303180A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-07-20 | 中山大学 | A kind of vector optical measurement instrument based on optics geometric transformation |
| CN110319935A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-10-11 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of device and method of knife-edge method detection radial polarisation optical purity |
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| CN111256827A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-06-09 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Light wave polarization state detection method based on vector light field modulation and image processing |
| CN111256827B (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2022-03-11 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Light wave polarization state detection method based on vector light field modulation and image processing |
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