CN106210520A - A kind of automatic focusing electronic eyepiece and system - Google Patents
A kind of automatic focusing electronic eyepiece and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106210520A CN106210520A CN201610548385.4A CN201610548385A CN106210520A CN 106210520 A CN106210520 A CN 106210520A CN 201610548385 A CN201610548385 A CN 201610548385A CN 106210520 A CN106210520 A CN 106210520A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/67—Focus control based on electronic image sensor signals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/28—Systems for automatic generation of focusing signals
- G02B7/36—Systems for automatic generation of focusing signals using image sharpness techniques, e.g. image processing techniques for generating autofocus signals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of automatic focusing electronic eyepiece and system.Including: camera lens, Sensor plate, main control unit, interface unit, camera lens receives the picture that measured target once becomes through front end optical system, it includes focusing lens group, focus motor and lens set position detection unit, Sensor plate realizes opto-electronic conversion, will transmit through after the optical signal of camera lens is converted into picture signal and exports to main control unit；Main control unit, output control signal controls described focus motor to drive described focusing lens group to move, focusing lens group and corresponding control circuit are integrated in the inside of electronic eyepiece, focused search algorithm is performed by the main control unit within electronic eyepiece, control focusing lens group to move, achieve focusing automatically by adjusting image distance.Pass through the present invention, it is not necessary to mobile or change front end optical system (including being not limited only to microscope, telescope etc.) can realize automatically focusing on, and improves focusing efficiency and shortens focal time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronic eyepiece technical field, particularly relate to a kind of automatic focusing electronic eyepiece, automatically focusing micro-
Mirror, automatic focusing telescope.
Background technology
Eyepiece eyepiece, is used for observing the visual optical device of the become image of front end optical system, is telescope, micro-
The ingredient of the visual optical instruments such as mirror.The Main Function of traditional eyepiece is again to be put by the real image being amplified gained by object lens
Greatly, thus one virtual image clearly of formation at the distance of distinct vision, such as Fig. 1.The major defect of this eyepiece is to be carried out by human eye
Observation, time length is easier to produce visual fatigue, and human eye observation's image cannot preserve and analyze and process.Therefore, exist
On the basis of traditional eyepiece, invent electronic eyepiece, such as Fig. 2.Electronic eyepiece, also referred to as digital eyepiece, be exclusively for ordinary optical
MIcrosope image digitized and develop design, it be by object lens amplify gained real image re-imaging at imageing sensor
On.The features such as it has simple installation, and highly versatile, use cost are cheap, multiple functional, easy to use.Installation has only to 2
Step: 1, take off original microscope ocular, 2, insert electronic eyepiece replace original eyepiece.Electronic eyepiece can pass through USB cable
Image transmitting under microscope is shown in real time to computer, it is possible to capture at any time freeze frame, record a video, measure length,
Angle, radian, rectangular area and girth, irregular figure area and girth, cell counting, color segmentation, pseudo-colours reduction, void
Intend 3D, image border identification, Fourier transform, spot measurement and part PS image processing function.Can meet most of specialty should
With.
Traditional electronic eyepiece does not possess automatic focusing function, and the present invention is by the focusing lens group within electronic eyepiece
Move and achieve automatic focusing function, so can realize focusing automatically on the premise of not changing front end optical system, both protect
The advantage having stayed electronic eyepiece, adds again automatic focusing function, extends the areas imaging of measured target, substantially increases whole
The performance of individual system
Summary of the invention
In view of this, present invention aim at providing a kind of automatic focusing electronic eyepiece, being used for solving existing eyepiece can not
Automatically focusing on, corresponding observed image can not carry out the technical problems such as further digital processing.
One side based on the embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of automatic focusing electronic eyepiece, coordinates front-end optical
System realizes automatically focusing on, and front end optical system realizes the Polaroid of testee, and the present invention becomes front end optical system
As the camera lens re-imaging through the present invention is on the sensor of the present invention, and realize automatically focusing on.This automatic focusing electronics mesh
Mirror includes: camera lens, Sensor plate, main control unit, interface unit；By integrated to camera lens, Sensor plate, main control unit, interface unit
In the inside of electronic eyepiece, wherein,
Camera lens, receives the picture that measured target once becomes through front end optical system, including focusing lens group, focus motor
And lens set position detection unit；Described focus motor, by main control unit control, drives focusing lens group to move；Described lens set
The position of position detection unit detection focusing lens group, and the positional information of focusing lens group is fed back to main control unit；
Sensor plate realizes opto-electronic conversion, will transmit through after the optical signal of camera lens is converted into picture signal and exports to master control list
Unit；
Main control unit, processes picture signal, and it is described poly-to drive that output control signal controls described focus motor
Focus lens group moves, and makes it automatically focus on by adjusting image distance；
Interface unit receives the view data of the measured target of main control unit output, by defeated for the view data of measured target
Go out, and realize the transmission of man-machine interaction signal.
Further, described main control unit includes: image data processing unit, focus value computing unit, focusing algorithm list
Unit, motor control unit, focus motor drive circuit；
The picture signal of Sensor plate is acquired and processes by image data processing unit, the view data after processing
Output is to focus value computing unit；
View data is processed by focus value computing unit, calculates focus value corresponding to view data and by gathering of obtaining
Coke number is input to focusing algorithm unit；
Focusing algorithm unit receives position signalling and the focusing of the focusing lens group that lens set position detection unit is fed back
The focus value of value computing unit output, performs focused search algorithm controls focusing lens group and moves to the position that optimum focusing value is corresponding
Put；
The motor control signal that focusing algorithm unit exports is converted into the driving of motor drive circuit by motor control unit
Signal exports to focus motor drive circuit；
Focus motor drive circuit drives focus motor according to the driving signal of motor control unit, makes focusing lens group
Move to the position that optimum focusing value is corresponding.
Further, described main control unit also includes man-machine interaction unit, receives or sends information to interface unit, it is achieved
Man-machine interaction；
Further, described main control unit, also include exposure algorithm unit, exposure algorithm unit, at view data
The view data of reason unit output calculates the monochrome information of image, the image luminance information calculated is believed with pre-set image brightness
Breath compares, and calculates brightness adjustment information, through corresponding control circuit and send brightness control signal thus control image
Brightness.
Further, described exposure algorithm unit, through man-machine interaction unit, receive the bright of outside input by interface unit
Degree regulation signal also sends main control unit to, can send brightness of image adjustment information in real time or manual intermittent mode sends image
Brightness adjustment information.
Further, described main control unit, when front end optical system works is away from immobilizing, main control unit controls automatically to adjust
The focusing lens group of burnt electronic eyepiece body interior moves, and finds image distance so that it is automatically focus on.
Further, described main control unit, when front end optical system works is away from relative variable, main control unit controls automatically to adjust
The focusing lens group of burnt electronic eyepiece body interior moves, and changes image distance so that it is automatically focus on.
Based on embodiment of the present invention disclosure, the present invention also provides for a kind of micro-containing automatic focusing electronic eyepiece
Mirror, this Automatic focusing microscope includes above-mentioned automatic focusing electronic eyepiece and front end optical system.
Based on inventive embodiments disclosure, the present invention also provides for a kind of telescope containing automatic focusing electronic eyepiece,
This automatic focusing telescope includes above-mentioned automatic focusing electronic eyepiece and front end optical system.
Compared with existing electronic eyepiece, the beneficial effects of the present invention is:
A, it is the electronic eyepiece of a band automatic focusing function, focusing lens group and corresponding control circuit are integrated in mesh
The inside of mirror, controls its focusing lens group by the main control unit of automatic focusing electronic eyepiece and moves, by changing image distance
Mode makes it automatically focus on, and can realize automatically focusing on without mobile front end optical system, is greatly improved focusing efficiency
With shorten focal time, the clear aperature of this automatic focusing electronic eyepiece, the technical specification such as areas imaging complies fully with electronics
Eyepiece design standard.
B, by substituting traditional microscope or telescopical eyepiece, the present invention can make traditional aobvious very easily
Micro mirror or telescope (without automatic focusing function) become Automatic focusing microscope or automatic focusing telescope, and, take
The original eyepiece of lower front end optical system, inserting the automatic focusing electronic eyepiece original eyepiece of replacement can use.
C, output interface of the present invention are flexible, and testee is observed by the very convenient user of its HDMI way of output, different
Visual fatigue is easily produced in optical eyepiece.
Image that D, the present invention carry preserves function, facilitates user be analyzed defective products by image and demand.
E, the present invention can also coordinate corresponding software to realize the multiple functions such as intelligent measure, workpiece identification, video preservation.
F, the present invention can make image effect remain optimal with the brightness of automatic or manual regulation image.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is traditional eyepiece fundamental diagram；
Fig. 2 is traditional electronic eyepiece fundamental diagram；
The automatic focusing electronic eyepiece fundamental diagram that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is conditional electronic eyepiece focusing principle；
Fig. 5 fixes automatic focusing principle schematic diagram for the working distance that the embodiment of the present invention provides；
The variable automatic focusing principle schematic diagram of working distance that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
The automatic focusing electronic eyepiece structural representation that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
The focus value that Fig. 8 provides for the embodiment of the present invention and lens set position relationship；
A kind of automatic focusing electronic eyepiece system structure schematic diagram that Fig. 9 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
The another kind of automatic focusing electronic eyepiece system structure schematic diagram that Figure 10 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
With reference to the accompanying drawings the embodiment of foregoing invention content is specifically described.
Embodiment one
As it is shown in figure 1, traditional eyepiece is again to be amplified by the real image that object lens are become, thus at the distance of distinct vision
Form a virtual image clearly.This eyepiece can only be used for observing, it is impossible to carrying out graphical analysis and preservation, electronic eyepiece is good
Compensate for this defect.The operation principle of the electronic eyepiece that Fig. 2 shows.Although electronic eyepiece is converted into traditional optical signalling
Digital signal, it is achieved that the analysis of image and preservation, but it is a lack of automatic focusing function.The present invention is by Electromechanical Control mode
Focusing lens group in mobile electron eyepiece changes the mode of image distance and achieves auto-focusing, such as Fig. 3.This embodiment is taked to implement
Mode is as follows:
According to Fig. 1, the schematic diagram that Fig. 2, Fig. 4 show understands, and either eyepiece or electronic eyepiece, due to its one-tenth image position
It is fixing for putting fixing i.e. image distance v, and focal distance f is fixing, and according to equation 1 below, object distance u is also fixing, either
Manual focusing mode or the automatically type of focusing, can only carry out " searching " object distance by mobile front end optical system or measured target
U is to realize focusing on.And the embodiment of the present invention is in the case of working distance is constant, by the master control list within automatic focusing electronic eyepiece
Unit controls the movement of focusing lens group in eyepiece, realizes automatically focusing on " searching " suitably image distance v, refer to Fig. 5, this
Make Optical Formula from traditional
Become
Middle L is conjugate distance, and L=u+v=w+n, w are working distances, and n is that electronic eyepiece front end face is (normal to the distance of image planes
Amount).Therefore equation below can be drawn by formula 2
Being fixing according to formula 3 seeing as working distance w, n is constant, and therefore image distance v is unique.This embodiment is public
The auto focusing method opened, it is simply that it is right to be realized by suitable image distance v of focusing lens group searching within mobile electron eyepiece
The automatic focusing of measured target.View data is analyzed by the present invention by electronic eyepiece main control unit interiorly or exteriorly, and
Perform focused search algorithm, control focus motor by running focused search algorithm, to drive the movement of focusing lens group, and
During focusing lens group moves, obtain different focus value, obtain optimum focusing value by analyzing different focus value
Time focusing lens group place position.
Fig. 7 is the logical structure functional block diagram of this embodiment automatic focusing electronic eyepiece, and front end optical system realizes tested
Object Polaroid, the present invention front end optical system become as the camera lens re-imaging through the present invention is to the present invention's
On sensor, and realizing automatically focusing on, this automatic focusing electronic eyepiece includes, camera lens 22, Sensors plate 23 (imaging plate), master
Control unit 24, interface unit 25.
Camera lens 22, receives the picture that measured target once becomes through front end optical system 1, including focusing lens group 22b, focuses on horse
Reach 22d and lens set position detection unit 22e.Lens set position detection unit 22e is for detecting the position of focusing lens group 22b
Put, and its positional information is fed back to main control unit 24.Focus motor 22d receives the focus motor control that main control unit 24 sends
Signal, focus motor 22d drives the movement of focusing lens group 22b according to the control signal obtained so that focusing lens group 22b
Move to position corresponding during optimum focusing value.Camera lens 22, the picture that measured target is once become through front end optical system 1, warp
Optical signal after over-focusing lens set imaging is sent to Sensor plate 23；
Sensor plate 23, is used for realizing opto-electronic conversion, and the optical signal that will transmit through camera lens 22 is converted into picture signal, and incites somebody to action
To picture signal be input to main control unit 24；
Main control unit 24, including image data processing unit 246a, focus value computing unit 246b, focusing algorithm unit
247c, motor control unit 247f and focus motor drive circuit 245.The picture signal obtained is sent to main by Sensor plate 23
Control unit 24, picture signal is processed by main control unit 24, and the view data after processing exports to interface unit 25, and defeated
Go out focus motor control signal to camera lens 22；
Interface unit 25, receives the view data of main control unit 24 output, and connects display device.
Main control unit 24 includes:
Image data processing unit 246a, for the picture signal that Sensor plate 23 obtains being acquired and processing, and
View data after processing is input to focus value computing unit 246b；
Focus value computing unit 246b, processes the view data after image data processing unit 246a processes, and calculates
Focus value corresponding to view data, and the focus value obtained is input to focusing algorithm unit 247c；
Focusing algorithm unit 247c, it receives the position of focusing lens group 22b that lens set position detection unit 22e is fed back
Confidence number, and the focus value of focus value computing unit 246b output, and by running focused search algorithm, obtain optimum focusing
Value.The motor control signal that focusing algorithm unit 247c produces is sent to motor control unit 247f；
Motor control unit 247f, is converted into driving letter by the motor control signal obtained from focusing algorithm unit 247c
Number, and the driving signal after conversion is sent to focus motor drive circuit 245；Focus motor drive circuit 245, by obtain
Drive signal to be converted into focus motor control signal, and be sent to camera lens 22.
In main control unit 24, image data processing unit 246a, will figure when processing the picture signal of Sensor input
Image signal is divided into multiple sub-region processes, and the multiple region image data obtained are input to focus value computing unit 246b；Poly-
Every sub regions view data of input is processed by coke number computing unit 246b respectively, it is thus achieved that the height that each sub regions is corresponding
Frequency component focus value and low frequency component focus value；
Wherein, focusing algorithm unit 247c includes:
Thick focusing algorithm subelement, for receiving focusing lens group 22b that lens set position detection unit 22e fed back
Position signalling and the focus value of focus value computing unit 246b output, perform thick focused search algorithm, use adaptive step
Mode, the step-length that its step-length is used more than fine focusing searching algorithm, use thick focused search algorithm to search optimum focusing value
Region scope, and the focus motor 22d control signal obtained is sent to focus motor 22d, so that focus motor 22d is driven
In the range of dynamic focusing lens group 22b moves to described optimum focusing value region, then output signal to fine focusing algorithm
Unit, notice fine focusing algorithm subelement carries out further fine focusing search；
Fine focusing algorithm subelement, for receiving focusing lens group 22b that lens set position detection unit 22e fed back
Position signalling and the focus value of focus value computing unit 246b output, perform after the signal receiving thick focusing algorithm subelement
Fine focusing searching algorithm, fine focusing searching algorithm uses fixed step size, optimal obtained by thick focused search algorithm subelement
In the range of focus value region, search optimum focusing value position, and the focus motor 22d control signal obtained is sent out
Deliver to focus motor 22d, so that focus motor 22d drives focusing lens group 22b to move to the position that optimum focusing value is corresponding.
Focusing algorithm unit 247c also includes:
Focus value selects unit, for the many sub regions with view data of collectiong focusing value computing unit 246b output
Corresponding high fdrequency component focus value and low frequency component focus value, the focus value selection algorithm performing to preset is corresponding to all subregion
High fdrequency component focus value and low frequency component focus value are analyzed, and determine that present convergence searching algorithm selects high fdrequency component to focus on
Value or selection low frequency component focus value are as searching algorithm focus value, in order to be focused search, and determine optimal focusing
Value.
Above, focusing algorithm unit 247c is according to the searching algorithm focus value selected and lens set position detection unit
The position signalling of the focusing lens group of 22e feedback, focusing algorithm unit 247c sends motor drive signal to motor control unit
247f, motor control unit 247f send to focus motor drive circuit 245 and drive signal, and focus motor drive circuit 245 connects
Sending control signal to focus motor 22d again after receiving driving signal, focus motor 22d controls focusing lens group 22b by search
The step-length that algorithm sets moves to new detection position.By moving back and forth of many times of focusing lens group 22b, lens set position is examined
Survey unit 22e and search focusing lens group 22b position at place when optimum focusing value, when focusing algorithm unit 247c judges to look for
When having arrived optimum focusing value, by the transmission of signal, focus motor 22d drives focusing lens group 22b to move to obtain optimal gathering
Position corresponding during coke number, focusing completes；In whole focusing, drive focusing lens group 22b by focus motor 22d
Movement find position corresponding to optimum focusing value to realize automatically focusing on.
The automatic focusing electronic eyepiece provided based on this embodiment, by the main control unit 24 within automatic focusing electronic eyepiece
Control the camera lens 22 of eyepiece, make it automatically focus in the way of changing image distance.Specifically performed to gather by the main control unit 24 of eyepiece
Burnt searching algorithm, obtains optimum focusing value by focused search algorithm, and main control unit 24 sends to the camera lens 22 within eyepiece and drives
Dynamic signal, focus motor 22d in camera lens 22 receives the driving signal that main control unit 24 sends, and controls focus lamp in camera lens 22
The movement of sheet group 22b, makes focusing lens group 22b move to obtain position corresponding during optimum focusing value.
Above-mentioned focusing, gathers the original image after measured target passes through focusing lens group 22b imaging by real-time,
Obtaining multiple series of images data through image data processing unit 246a, multiple series of images data obtain through focus value computing unit 246b
To organizing focus value, focusing algorithm unit 247c, according to many group focus value and threshold value, chooses a suitable value and comments as focusing more
It is worth, focuses on and two stages of fine focusing through thick, use different step-lengths to control the focusing speed of motor in different phase
Degree and precision, at thick focussing stage, by the analysis to focus value, take big step-length quickly to focus on, find optimum focusing value institute
Regional extent, drive focusing lens group 22b move to certain reference position in optimum focusing value regional extent；Thin poly-
In the burnt stage, by little step-length at searching algorithm, find optimal articulation point, i.e. find the position corresponding to optimum focusing value, drive
Focusing lens group 22b moves to position the most clearly, i.e. move to obtain position corresponding during optimum focusing value.Concrete automatic
Focusing embodiment is as follows:
Preparation before the startup of S1: automatic focusing electronic eyepiece, fixing measured target and front end optical system, will be automatically
Focusing electronic eyepiece inserts in eyepiece stalk, connects display screen 4；
S2: the real image become through object lens by sensor plate 23 Real-time Collection measured target is become again by eyepiece camera lens 22
View data after Xiang；
The raw image data of acquisition is exported in image data processing unit 246a by S3:sensor plate 23, picture number
According to processing unit 246a, the raw image data received is directly output to interface unit 25 show for outside.Meanwhile, figure
As data processing unit 246a is according to the image data processing algorithm preset, the raw image data obtained is divided into n son
Region image data, is sent to n the view data obtained in focus value computing unit 246b；
S4: focus value computing unit 246b respectively view data to n sub regions be focused value and calculate, obtain n group
Different high fdrequency component focus value and low frequency component focus value；
S5: respectively n group high fdrequency component focus value and low frequency component focus value are entered by default focus value selection algorithm
Row is analyzed, and according to default threshold value, determines that present convergence searching algorithm selects high fdrequency component focus value still to select low frequency division
The focus value that amount focus value uses as searching algorithm, to be focused search, determines optimum focusing value；
If particularly as follows: one of n group high fdrequency component focus value is more than or equal to selected threshold value T, then n group high fdrequency component is selected to gather
That group high fdrequency component focus value of coke number intermediate value maximum is as the focusing evaluation of estimate used in focused search, if high fdrequency component focuses on
Threshold value T that value is the most selected, then select that group low frequency component focus value of n group low frequency component focus value intermediate value maximum as poly-
The focusing evaluation of estimate used in burnt search.Wherein, evaluation of estimate is focused on for determining the regional extent at optimum focusing value place；
S6: according to the focusing evaluation of estimate selected, use the thick focused search algorithm search of adaptive step；
In this embodiment focused search include thick focused search and fine focusing search two processes:
Thick focused search uses adaptive step, and its step-length is more than the step-length used in fine focusing search.Thick focusing is searched
Rope algorithm searches out optimum focusing value region scope, and drives signal by sending in camera lens 22, realizes camera lens 22
The movement of middle focusing lens group 22b so that in the range of focusing lens group 22b moves to optimum focusing value region；
Fine focusing search uses fixed step size, and it is after slightly having focused on, in its optimum focusing value region determined
In the range of search obtain optimum focusing value time focusing lens group 22b position, and in camera lens 22 send drive signal, with control
In camera lens 22 processed, focusing lens group 22b moves to obtain position corresponding during optimum focusing value；
S7: during running thick focused search algorithm, main control unit 24 sends to focus motor 22d and drives signal,
So that focus motor 22d can control the district that focusing lens group 22b completes m time to reciprocate to find out optimum focusing value place
Territory scope, reciprocates if completing m time, then perform S8, otherwise perform S5；
S8: read a certain position in the range of optimum focusing value region determined by when running thick focused search algorithm
D0；
S9: main control unit 24 sends to focus motor 22d and drives signal, and focus motor 22d is controlled after receiving driving signal
Focusing lens group 22b processed moves into place D0；
S10: thick focused search process terminates, and enters fine focusing search procedure；
S11: according to the focusing evaluation of estimate selected in step S5 in fine focusing search procedure, use the mode of fixed step size
Run fine focusing searching algorithm；
S12: in fine focusing search procedure, main control unit 24 sends to focus motor 22d and drives signal, focus motor
22d controls focusing lens group 22b after receiving driving signal to be completed k time and reciprocates, and gathers during to find out acquisition optimum focusing value
The D1 of focus lens group 22b position；If completing k time to reciprocate, then perform S13；Otherwise, S11 is performed；
S13: read the position D1 at focusing lens group 22b place when obtaining optimum focusing value in fine focusing search procedure；
S14: main control unit 24 sends to focus motor 22d and drives signal, and focus motor 22d is controlled after receiving driving signal
Focusing lens group 22b processed moves into place D1；
S15: fine focusing search procedure completes.So far, the automatic focusing of automatic focusing electronic eyepiece all terminates.
Threshold value T is to use high fdrequency component focus value or low frequency component focus value as focusing when being used for and differentiate focused search
The focus value used in searching algorithm, from the focus value of Fig. 8 and lens set location diagram it can be seen that in order to ensure just to focus on
Really property and real-time, it is necessary to a suitable threshold value is set so that low frequency component can be used to enter when measured target is weak signal target
Row is correct to be focused on, and high fdrequency component can be used correctly to focus on when measured target is highlighted target, and specifically chosen focusing is commented
The scheme being worth sees the scheme described in S5 and carries out.
Additionally, for the ABC realizing automatic focusing electronic eyepiece, main control unit 24, also include exposure algorithm
Unit 247b, exposure algorithm unit 247b operation image analytical technology, it is automatically adjusted the brightness of image, makes image effect protect all the time
Hold optimal.
Exposure algorithm unit 247b, calculates the brightness of image according to the view data of image data processing unit 246a output
Information.The image luminance information calculated is compared with pre-set image monochrome information, calculates brightness adjustment information, through phase
The control circuit answered also sends brightness control signal thus controls brightness of image so that display image remains the brightest
Degree.If user need not control in real time brightness of image, it is also possible to be set to manually regulate brightness.
Under the pattern of manually regulation brightness, except that need to receive brightness regulated signal by interface unit 25
After, send control signal to man-machine interaction unit 247a.Man-machine interaction unit 247a calls exposure algorithm unit 247b and calculates bright
Degree adjustment information, through corresponding Auxiliary Control Element and send brightness control signal thus control brightness of image.Wherein, auxiliary control
Unit processed can realize with external connection keyboard, and the picture signal of interface unit 25 output can pass through display screen, PC display or other are aobvious
Show that system receives and shows.
When selecting automatic regulating lightness, Automatic Program completes brightness regulation, and it realizes especially by following steps:
Step F1: automatically focus on the preparation before electronic eyepiece starts；
Step F2: it is automatic for arranging brilliance control pattern；
Step F3: pre-set image brightness Y0 and allowable error d；
Step F4: read and record current image brightness values Y from image data processing unit 246a；
Step F5: the exposure algorithm unit 247b brightness value Y to reading compares with brightness of image Y0 preset；
Step F6: if abs (Y-Y0) > d, enter step F7, otherwise enter step F8；
Step F7: if the brightness value Y read is more than threshold value Y0+d, then reduce the brightness of light source so that the brightness value of image
In subject brightness range [Y0-d, Y0+d].If the brightness value read is less than threshold value Y0-d, then increase the brightness of light source so that
The brightness value of image is in subject brightness range [Y0-d, Y0+d].
Step F8: brightness regulation completes.
When selecting manually to regulate brightness, it realizes especially by following steps:
Step G1: automatically focus on the preparation before electronic eyepiece starts；
Step G2: it is manual for arranging brilliance control pattern；
Step G3: send bright to arm processor 253 by the keypad 257 on output interface plate 25 or external connection keyboard 3
Degree regulating command (brightness increase or luminance-reduction)；
253 key informations of step G4:ARM processor are translated into and are automatically focused on the instruction that electronic eyepiece can identify, pass through
Serial ports is sent to man-machine interaction unit 247a；
Step G5: man-machine interaction unit 247a call the Manual exposure algorithm in exposure algorithm unit 247b, i.e. brightness add,
Brightness subtracts；
Step G6: brightness adjusting unit is according to brightness regulation information, the brightness of regulation image.
Embodiment two
Traditional eyepiece working distance is fixing, if the height of testee there occurs change, will cause not fogging clear.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 6, what this embodiment was different from traditional eyepiece is, and working distance w is variable, according to optical imagery
Formula 3 understands, and f is fixing, image distance v be variable (from v to v'), n be constant, therefore working distance w be variable (from w to
w').Even if this also implies that the Level Change of testee, it is also possible to by the master control list within automatic focusing electronic eyepiece
Unit performs focused search algorithm and automatically controls focusing lens group and move to change image distance (from v to v') accordingly and make imaging clearly.
Automatically the implementation focused on is with embodiment one.
Embodiment three
Fig. 9 is the theory diagram of a kind of automatic focusing electronic eyepiece system, and it is by automatic focusing electronic eyepiece and external
Equipment forms.Wherein, the automatic focusing of the automatic focusing electronic eyepiece system synthesis of embodiment three embodiment one, embodiment two
Functional module, and describe the hardware realization of some functional module accordingly, such as, by image real time transfer in this embodiment three
Unit 246a and focus value computing unit 246b is integrated in a digital signal processor DSP.In other embodiments, it is possible to
To be realized by the hardware such as scale programmable logic device or central processing unit CPU.Concrete hardware is not realized by the present invention
Mode makes restriction, as long as the hardware implementation mode of corresponding function disclosed in this invention can be realized, should be construed as being included in this
Within bright protection domain.
The automatic focusing electronic eyepiece system that embodiment three provides includes: front end optical system 1, automatic focusing electronic eyepiece
2, display unit 4, wherein, automatic focusing electronic eyepiece 2 includes automatic focusing electronic eyepiece camera lens 22, sensor plate 23, master
Control unit 24, output interface unit 25.
Wherein, front end optical system realizes the Polaroid of testee, the picture warp that the present invention becomes front end optical system
Cross the camera lens re-imaging of the present invention to the Sensor plate 23 of the present invention, and realize automatically focusing on；
Automatic focusing electronic eyepiece camera lens 22, including focusing on (AF) lens set 22b, focus motor 22d, position detection unit
22e；
Main control unit 24 includes image data processing unit 246a, focus value computing unit 246b, focusing algorithm unit
247c, exposure algorithm unit 247b, motor control unit 247f, focus motor driver element 245, man-machine interaction unit 247a；
Wherein, interface unit 25 includes:
Video signal converting unit 256, is converted into standard compliant video by the video signal that LVDS interface 251 obtains defeated
Go out signal, such as HDMI HDMI video output signal；HDMI 255, for by video output signals
Output is to external display device.
Arm processor 253, is used for receiving and recognizing, the control signal that in interface unit 25, keypad 257 sends, this control
Signal processed can include focus control signal and light source regulation signal；Rs485 interface 254 is used for receiving arm processor 253 with outer
The control signal that portion's keyboard 3 sends, and send control signal to arm processor 253 and external keyboard 3.
Automatic focusing electronic eyepiece camera lens 22 is used to imaging, and focusing (AF) lens set 22b of this camera lens can focus on
Moving freely under the drive of motor 22d, position detection unit 22e, for detecting the positional information of focusing lens group 22b, is adjusted automatically
Burnt electronic eyepiece camera lens 22 is under the control of main control unit 24, it is possible to achieve focusing function automatically；
A sensor plate 23 mainly imageing sensor, it is for being converted into picture signal optical signal, and image
Signal is sent to main control unit 24；
Main control unit 24 is the core component of whole automatic focusing electronic eyepiece system, and it is mainly used to realize automatic focusing
The focus control of electronic eyepiece camera lens 22, brightness of image regulation, export image to display terminal by interface unit 25, pass through people
Machine interactive unit 247a realizes human-computer interaction function etc.；
Output interface unit 25 major function is that by it, (embodiment three is to pass through Low Voltage Differential Signal picture signal
LVDS interface 251, video signal converting unit 256, HDMI 255) (the present embodiment is display screen to be connected to display unit 4
4), control signal, by serial ports, (the present embodiment is by serial ports rs485 interface 254, arm processor 253, rs232 interface
252) main control unit 24 and Auxiliary Control Element 3 (the present embodiment is external connection keyboard) are coupled together, it is achieved man-machine interaction.
Although the embodiment of the present invention three uses rs232 interface 242 and rs232 interface 252, realize man-machine interaction unit
Internal signal transmission between 247a and interface unit 25；Use LVDS interface 241 and LVDS interface 251, realize picture number
Transmit according to the internal video signal between processing unit 246a and interface unit 25.But the present invention does not limit concrete internal module
Between interface type and transmission means.Corresponding internal interface function also can be merged in the module of correspondence and realize.
In embodiment three, image data processing unit 246a, the focus value computing unit 246b in main control unit 24 is i.e.
Both can be realized by dsp processor 246, it is possible to realized by other programmable devices, the man-machine interaction unit in main control unit plate 24
247a, exposure algorithm unit 247b, focusing algorithm unit 247c, motor control unit 247f can be real by arm processor 247
Existing, it is also possible to be realized by other microelectronics processors.
Embodiment four
Figure 10 is the theory diagram of another kind of automatic focusing electronic eyepiece system, and it is by automatic focusing electronic eyepiece and outer
Connect equipment composition.With the difference of embodiment three, embodiment four is that the way of output and control mode, embodiment four provide standard
Usb exports PC, PC and by usb interface picture signal and realizes image/video by software, it is achieved image and video are protected
Deposit the functions such as analysis, be also to realize the picture quality to the present invention by usb adjust and control function.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, main control unit is arranged on automatic focusing electronic eyepiece body exterior,
The picture signal of Sensor plate is directly output to, by interface unit, equipment (the hereinafter referred to as outside master that outside comprises main control unit
Control equipment), described external piloting control equipment carries out the focused search algorithm such as previous embodiment to picture signal, by interface list
Motor control signal is exported to the motor drive circuit of automatic focusing electronic eyepiece body interior by unit, passes through motor drive circuit
Driving focus motor, thus change the position of focusing lens group, the position detection unit in automatic focusing electronic eyepiece camera lens is led to
Cross interface unit and the position of focusing lens group is fed back to the main control unit in external piloting control equipment.
With reference to Figure 10, based on present disclosure, those skilled in the art can directly be known, the embodiment of the present invention
Described in interface, module, unit or subelement can be realized by one or more hardware chips or hardware circuit, example
Such as digital signal processor DSP, PLD, extensive programmable integrated circuit etc..
In sum, the present invention, by the way of a kind of innovation, is organically combined traditional eyepiece with Techniques of Automatic Focusing
Together, and achieve automatically (auto-focusing), intelligence (need not understand microscopical operation, automatically to clear), economic (nothing
Need to change existing microscope, telescopical structure, directly the electronic eyepiece of the eyepiece present invention be replaced), (nothing easy and simple to handle
Manual operation is needed to focus on).Eliminate poor efficiency and low precision that traditional manual focus mode is brought, it is provided that a kind of aspect is fast
Victory, accurate and practical focusing mode, substantially increase focusing accuracy and speed.
Claims (9)
1. an automatic focusing electronic eyepiece, it is characterised in that camera lens, Sensor plate, main control unit, interface unit are integrated in
The inside of electronic eyepiece, wherein,
Camera lens, receives the picture that measured target once becomes through front end optical system, including focusing lens group, focus motor and mirror
Sheet group position detection unit；Described focus motor, by main control unit control, drives focusing lens group to move；Described lens set position
The position of detector unit detection focusing lens group, and the positional information of focusing lens group is fed back to main control unit；
Sensor plate realizes opto-electronic conversion, will transmit through after the optical signal of camera lens is converted into picture signal and exports to main control unit；
Main control unit, processes picture signal, and output control signal controls described focus motor to drive described focus lamp
Sheet group moves, and makes it automatically focus on by adjusting image distance；
Interface unit receives the view data of the measured target of main control unit output, the view data of measured target is exported, and
Realize the transmission of man-machine interaction signal.
2. automatic focusing electronic eyepiece as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described main control unit includes: view data
Processing unit, focus value computing unit, focusing algorithm unit, motor control unit, focus motor drive circuit；At view data
The picture signal of Sensor plate is acquired and processes by reason unit, and the view data after processing exports and calculates list to focus value
Unit；
View data is processed by focus value computing unit, calculates focus value corresponding to view data the focus value that will obtain
It is input to focusing algorithm unit；
Focusing algorithm unit receives position signalling and the focus value meter of the focusing lens group that lens set position detection unit is fed back
Calculate the focus value of unit output, perform focused search algorithm controls focusing lens group and move to the position that optimum focusing value is corresponding；
The motor control signal that focusing algorithm unit exports is converted into the driving signal of motor drive circuit by motor control unit
Output is to focus motor drive circuit；
Focus motor drive circuit drives focus motor according to the driving signal of motor control unit, makes focusing lens group move
To the position that optimum focusing value is corresponding.
3. automatic focusing electronic eyepiece as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described main control unit also includes man-machine interaction
Unit, receives or sends information to interface unit, it is achieved man-machine interaction.
4. automatic focusing electronic eyepiece as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described main control unit, also includes that exposure is calculated
Method unit, described exposure algorithm unit, the monochrome information of image is calculated according to the view data of image data processing unit output,
The image luminance information calculated is compared with pre-set image monochrome information, calculates brightness adjustment information, through corresponding
Control circuit also sends brightness control signal thus controls brightness of image.
5. automatic focusing electronic eyepiece as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that described exposure algorithm unit, through man-machine friendship
Unit mutually, receives the brightness regulated signal of outside input by interface unit and sends main control unit to, can send figure in real time
Image brightness adjustment information or manual intermittent mode send brightness of image adjustment information.
6. the automatic focusing electronic eyepiece as described in as arbitrary in claim 1,2,3,4,5, it is characterised in that work as front end optical system
Working distance immobilizes, and described main control unit controls the focusing lens group of automatic focusing electronic eyepiece body interior and moves, and finds
Image distance so that it is automatically focus on.
7. the automatic focusing electronic eyepiece as described in as arbitrary in claim 1,2,3,4,5, it is characterised in that work as front end optical system
Working distance is relative variable, and described main control unit controls the focusing lens group of automatic focusing electronic eyepiece body interior and moves, and changes
Image distance so that it is automatically focus on.
8. the microscope containing automatic focusing electronic eyepiece, it is characterised in that include as described in claim 1-5 is arbitrary oneself
Dynamic focusing electronic eyepiece.
9. the telescope containing automatic focusing electronic eyepiece, it is characterised in that include as described in claim 1-5 is arbitrary oneself
Dynamic focusing electronic eyepiece.
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| CN109342322A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-02-15 | 南京光声超构材料研究院有限公司 | Auto focusing method in time domain heat reflection spectrometry |
| CN109363617A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-02-22 | 上海翼速医疗科技有限公司 | A kind of varifocal oral cavity digital observation instrument based on liquid lens |
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| CN111796414A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-10-20 | 中国科学院上海天文台 | Telescope automatic focusing method based on arc length change between fixed stars |
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