CN106175770B - The judgement system of apnea during a kind of sleep - Google Patents
The judgement system of apnea during a kind of sleep Download PDFInfo
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- 230000007958 sleep Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 208000008784 apnea Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 230000036387 respiratory rate Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 241001274660 Modulus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 201000002859 sleep apnea Diseases 0.000 description 15
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013528 artificial neural network Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000013473 artificial intelligence Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
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- 206010021079 Hypopnoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010041235 Snoring Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010041349 Somnolence Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000517 effect on sleep Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003331 infrared imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000001797 obstructive sleep apnea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000306 recurrent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000023504 respiratory system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003860 sleep quality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000392 somatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
- A61B5/0826—Detecting or evaluating apnoea events
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
- A61B5/0816—Measuring devices for examining respiratory frequency
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/48—Other medical applications
- A61B5/4806—Sleep evaluation
- A61B5/4818—Sleep apnoea
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7225—Details of analog processing, e.g. isolation amplifier, gain or sensitivity adjustment, filtering, baseline or drift compensation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7235—Details of waveform analysis
- A61B5/725—Details of waveform analysis using specific filters therefor, e.g. Kalman or adaptive filters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
- A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
- A61B2562/0247—Pressure sensors
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of judgement system of apnea during sleep, which includes sequentially connected piezoelectric transducer, A/D conversion modules and processor；And the system passes through：Step 1：Piezoelectric transducer and A/D conversion modules acquire the sleep-respiratory signal during testee's sleep in real time；Step 2：Processor obtains respiratory rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram to the sleep-respiratory signal processing；Step 3：Processor analyzes respiratory rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram the judgement conclusion for whether occurring apnea during being slept.Thus, the present invention realizes through the above scheme to be contacted with testee, the judgement to sleep pause can be realized, it is radiationless, testing result is accurate, and easy to carry, convenient to use, use when user is under the environment such as house or travel the detection and the investigation that carry out apnea can be met, reduce time and money cost consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detection technique suitable for the sleep apnea under everyday environments, more particularly to one
The vital signs such as breathing, the pulse in monitoring sleep in a non-contact manner are planted, the breathing from suspending state in sleep is sentenced
The judgement system of apnea during disconnected sleep.
Background technology
Sleep apnea syndrome --- Sleep Apnea Syndrome (SAS) are a kind of common sleeping
The illness of respiratory disorder occurs in journey, specifically, refer to every night in 7 hours sleep procedures apnea recurrent exerbation 30 times with
Upper or apnea hypopnea indexes (often referred to simply as AHI) >=5 time/hour and with one kind of drowsiness equal clinical diseases
Sleep breathing disorders.SAS has become the stealthy killer for jeopardizing human life, according to statistics at present in SAS of the developed country through diagnosis and treatment
Patient accounts for the 20% of patient populations, and China occupies 2%.Tracing it to its cause, predominantly standard monitoring method sleep leads figure (PSG) stream
Journey complexity, somewhat expensive, user experience difference etc. and be difficult to popularization and application.Therefore, a kind of convenience substituting PSG, accurate is studied
The high detection method of rate will provide strong technical support for SAS patient's early detection and diagnosis, have higher practical value.
Currently, the method for existing detection sleep apnea syndrome is generally with following several：
1, the physiological parameter that PSG is measured is reduced, major parameter related with sleep apnea is measured：Such as patent document
CN202776304U discloses a kind of device of analysis sleep apnea event, is exhaled by mouth and nose gas flow transducer, chest and abdomen
Suction motion sensor, body position sensor are detected a variety of physiological signals, to differentiate the generation of sleep-respiratory event.This kind of side
Although method is fewer than the monitoring parameters of PSG, there is still a need for testees to wear multiple sensors, influences the sleep state of testee.
2, using non-contacting measurement method or using less monitoring signals, keep operation simple as possible, to user
Sleep influence few as possible scheme：As patent document CN102475541A discloses a kind of simple sleep state breathing pulse inspection
Measuring alarming device is monitored using breath sound and body temperature transducer, i.e., is arranged in bedside while using body temperature transducer and expands
Sound device, body temperature and breath sound based on the testee in sleep are monitored the respiratory movement in sleep.Such methods due to
Breath sound is based primarily upon to distinguish breathing from suspending state, it is therefore possible to will also be identified as exhaling with the sound of breath sound same frequency band
Sound-absorbing, to there is a problem of that measurement accuracy is not high.
3, apnea is judged using other physiological characteristics：As patent document CN102973244A discloses one kind
Non-contact type sleep apnea monitoring method and device based on thermal infrared imaging technology, people is acquired using thermal imaging system in real time
Nostril and oral cavity thermal infrared images during somatic sleep realize contactless monitoring sleep apnea by analyzing image.
If patent document CN102641125A discloses a kind of sleep apnea decision maker, pass through the chest to being detected in sleep
The judgement to breathing from suspending state is realized in the detection of the back wave for the microwave that portion, abdomen are sent out.Such methods must be based on tested
Detection could realize thermal imaging at person nostril, and cause a fixing to the health of testee and safety using the reflection of microwave
It rings, both modes influence the ortho health of testee, and being used for a long time even can carry potential security risk.
4, using artificial intelligence technology, Detection accuracy is improved：It is examined as patent document CN103083770A discloses one kind
Disconnected and treatment patient's breathing patterns system and method, monitor the air-flow of patient by oral nose mask, in recording respiration parameter
Value, average value, range and standard deviation, are summarized and are input to neural network, and patient's states are detected by neural network.Also as specially
Sharp document CN103690168A discloses a kind of detection method for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, full by detecting blood oxygen
Obscuring element set membership function is built, then according to artificial intelligence decision theory with three kinds of degree, the sound of snoring, breath signal parameters
Determine whether to suffer from sleep apnea syndrome by maximum subjection principle.Neural network that such methods are applied, maximum
It is subordinate to element scheduling algorithm and lacks certain priori, lacks confidence level in the judging process of apnea.
Therefore, the method for above-mentioned judgement apnea is required to rely on complicated cumbersome and extremely low user experience PSG, is curing
Detection investigation could be realized under institute's environment, can not be applied to the everyday environments such as family or travel.
Invention content
The shortcomings that the purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned prior arts and deficiency breathe temporary during providing a kind of sleep
The judgement system stopped, need not contact with testee, you can realize that radiationless, testing result is accurate to the judgement of sleep pause,
And it is easy to carry, it is convenient to use, can meet user be in carried out at home or under the environment such as travel the detection of apnea with
Use when investigation reduces time and money cost consumption.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
The judgement system of apnea during a kind of sleep, including sequentially connected piezoelectric transducer, A/D conversion modules and
Processor；
The piezoelectric transducer is sent to institute for the sleep-respiratory analog signal during acquiring testee's sleep in real time
State A/D conversion modules；
The A/D conversion modules are used to the sleep-respiratory analog signal being converted into sleep-respiratory digital signal, and pass
It send to the processor；
The processor is used to obtain respiratory rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram to the sleep-respiratory Digital Signal Processing,
And the judgement conclusion for whether occurring apnea during being slept is analyzed respiratory rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram；
The piezoelectric transducer, A/D conversion modules and processor realize that the judgement of apnea during sleep includes following
Step：
Step 1：Piezoelectric transducer and A/D conversion modules acquire the sleep-respiratory signal during testee's sleep in real time；
Step 2：Processor obtains respiratory rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram to the sleep-respiratory signal processing；
Step 3：Whether processor is analyzed respiratory rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram and is exhaled during being slept
The judgement conclusion for inhaling pause, specifically includes following steps：
Step 31：Stationary phase is extracted respectively in the same period of the respiratory rate oscillogram and the pulse frequency oscillogram
The respiratory rate of interior 20s and the pulse frequency of 20s, and each second in 20s take the maximum of the maximum value Xi and a pulse frequency of a respiratory rate
Value Yi, wherein i are integer, and 1≤i≤20；
Step 32：According to formulaThe preliminary threshold of breathing from suspending state differentiation is calculated
M；
Step 33：In real time acquisition testee sleep during sleep-respiratory signal when, in the step 31 described in
The respiratory rate data and pulse rate data of 5s are cached in the same period, and each second in 5s takes the maximum value of a respiratory rate
The maximum value Bi ' of Ai ' and a pulse frequency, wherein i ' are integer, and 1≤i '≤5；
Step 34：According to formulaThe parameter N of breathing from suspending state differentiation is calculated；
Step 35：In real time acquisition testee sleep during sleep-respiratory signal when, every time cache 5s respiratory rate and
Pulse rate signal is repeated once the step 33 and the step 34 every 1s, recycles successively, until terminating during sleep；
Step 36：It sets initial apnea number count=0 and compares N when being often repeated once step 33 and step 34
With the size of 7 × M；And if only if N>When 7 × M, respiration suspending event has occurred in count=count+1, expression；When
count>When 2, compare the size of N and 14 × M, and if only if N>When 14 × M, count=count+1, expression has occurred primary
Apnea；Whether apnea and the judgement conclusion of apnea number are occurred during being slept.
Specifically, in the step 1, following steps are specifically included：
Step 11：Acquire the sleep-respiratory analog signal during testee's sleep in real time by piezoelectric transducer；
Step 12：The sleep-respiratory analog signal is converted into sleep-respiratory digital signal by A/D conversion modules.
Further, in the step 2, following steps are specifically included：
Step 21：Processor carries out preliminary analysis to the sleep-respiratory digital signal and obtains the waveform and pulse frequency of respiratory rate
Waveform；
Step 22：Processor passes sequentially through shape filtering, peak value filtering and covariance matching respectively to the respiratory rate
Waveform and the waveform of the pulse frequency are handled, and accurate respiratory rate and pulse frequency is calculated, and generate corresponding breathing respectively
Rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram.
Further, in the step 3, following steps are specifically included：
Step 31：Stationary phase is extracted respectively in the same period of the respiratory rate oscillogram and the pulse frequency oscillogram
The respiratory rate of interior 20s and the pulse frequency of 20s, and each second in 20s take the maximum of the maximum value Xi and a pulse frequency of a respiratory rate
Value Yi, wherein i are integer, and 1≤i≤20；
Step 32：According to formulaThe preliminary threshold of breathing from suspending state differentiation is calculated
M；
Step 33：In real time acquisition testee sleep during sleep-respiratory signal when, in the step 31 described in
The respiratory rate data and pulse rate data of 5s are cached in the same period, and each second in 5s takes the maximum value of a respiratory rate
The maximum value Bi ' of Ai ' and a pulse frequency, wherein i ' are integer, and 1≤i '≤5；
Step 34：According to formulaThe parameter N of breathing from suspending state differentiation is calculated；
Step 35：In real time acquisition testee sleep during sleep-respiratory signal when, every time cache 5s respiratory rate and
Pulse rate signal is repeated once the step 33 and the step 34 every 1s, recycles successively, until terminating during sleep；
Step 36：It sets initial apnea number count=0 and compares N when being often repeated once step 33 and step 34
With the size of 7 × M；And if only if N>When 7 × M, respiration suspending event has occurred in count=count+1, expression；When
count>When 2, compare the size of N and 14 × M, and if only if N>When 14 × M, count=count+1, expression has occurred primary
Apnea；Whether apnea and the judgement conclusion of apnea number are occurred during being slept.
For further increase judgement conclusion accuracy, as a further improvement on the present invention, the step 3 further include with
Lower step：
Step 37：In the step 36, when count values often add 1, to the judgement conclusion in the step 36 according to progress
Secondary judgement；The secondary judgement specifically includes following steps：
Step 371：10 times are carried out successively to the respiratory rate data of 5s and pulse rate data that are cached in the step 33 respectively
Down-sampled processing and 10 times of interpolation processings, wherein sample frequency fs=1000Hz, it is 5 × fs=to obtain quantity in the 5s respectively
5000 points of respiratory rate data and quantity are the pulse rate data of 5 × fs=5000 points；By 5000 points of respiratory rate data record minute
It Wei not ai”, and be respectively b by 5000 points of pulse rate data recordi”, wherein i " is integer, and 1≤i "≤5000；
Step 372：According to formulaRespiratory rate is calculated
The line slope variance S of data and pulse rate data2Value；
Step 373：Apnea occurs really according to the determination for multigroup parameter N that apnea occurs in step 36
The codomain range of the line slope variance of event；
Step 374：When the line slope variance yields being calculated by the step 372 is in the value in the step 373
When the range of domain, for testee apnea occurs during sleep for judgement conclusion；Otherwise, it is counted when by the step 372
When obtained line slope variance yields is in other than the codomain range in the step 373, judgement conclusion is being slept for testee
Period is without generation apnea.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the line slope variance of apnea occurs in the step 373 really
The determination of codomain range specifically include following steps：
Step 3731：The parameter N of C group breathing from suspending state differentiation is obtained according to the step 33 and the step 34, and
The C groups breathing from suspending state discriminant parameter N is judged according to the step 35 and the step 36, is exhaled in the C groups
Inhale the D group breathing from suspending state discriminant parameters N for being selected in halted state discriminant parameter N and pause respiration case having occurred；Wherein C
It is positive integer, C with D>D, and 50≤C≤500；
Step 3732：According in the step 371 respectively 5s corresponding to the D groups breathing from suspending state discriminant parameter N
Respiratory rate data and pulse rate data handled, every group in D groups of line slope side is calculated through the step 372 after processing
The value of difference, and be labeled as successively respectively
Step 3733：In the value of the line slope variance of the D groupsIt is middle to choose a minimum line slope variance yields Q1With
One maximum line slope variance yields Q2, and obtain occurring really the codomain ranging from (Q of the line slope variance of apnea1,
Q2) or [Q1, Q2]。
For be further simplified the present invention system structure and ensure the comfort level of testee, do not influence testee and sleep body
It tests, as a further improvement on the present invention, in the step 11, by piezoelectric transducer is set to the pillow base of testee
Realize the sleep-respiratory analog signal during acquisition testee sleep in real time.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the A/D conversion modules include the filter circuit being sequentially connected electrically, amplification electricity
Road and A/D conversion circuits；The filter circuit is electrically connected with the piezoelectric transducer, and the simulation to being transmitted by piezoelectric transducer
Signal is input to amplifying circuit after being filtered；Treated that analog signal is put to filtered for the amplifying circuit
Greatly, and the A/D conversion circuits are sent to, are believed filtered successively and enhanced processing simulation by the A/D conversion circuits
Number it is converted into digital signal.
Step and processing procedure are calculated to be further simplified, as a further improvement on the present invention, in the step 21, is led to
It crosses the sleep-respiratory digital signal being input on processor or computer and be obtained by the progress preliminary analysis of LabVIEW softwares
The waveform of respiratory rate and the waveform of pulse frequency.
Through the above technical solutions, the judgement system of apnea has reached following beneficial technology during present invention sleep
Effect：
1) situation of change that the pressure generated to pillow when testee's sleep is detected by piezoelectric transducer, parses tested
The signal of person's pulse and breath two-way, and the aggregation of data of testee's pulse and breath two paths of signals is combined to differentiate apnea,
It is more stronger than the existing confidence level for only relying on breath signal, and need not be contacted with testee, you can it realizes and sleep pause is sentenced
Fixed, radiationless, testing result is accurate；Also, solve it is existing in the state for needing to be accurately judged to apnea to matter of sleeping
Amount is made under conditions of correctly assessment, it is necessary to by it is expensive lead caused by figure hypnogram PSG patient must be
Laboratory or hospital are slept soundly and connect many monitoring electrodes under the supervision of technical staff, to influence testee's sleep
Quality, has also consumed the time and money cost of consumer, and not contacted with testee can be real for the detecting system of the present invention
Now to the differentiation of testee's breathing from suspending state, and detecting system is small and exquisite portable, convenient to use, can meet user and be in residence
Use when detection and the investigation of apnea is carried out under the environment such as family or travel, reduces time and money cost consumption.
2) by the step 371, point too high or too low in respiratory rate and pulse rate data is got rid of, respiratory rate is conducive to
Waveform and pulse frequency wavy curve it is smooth；
3) by step 372~374, second is carried out to the apnea by once judging and is judged, by
This passes through the accuracy of the differentiation of apnea during judging to be conducive to further improve sleep twice.
In order to better understand and implement, the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Description of the drawings
The brief flow diagram of the judgment method of the judgement system of apnea during Fig. 1 is present invention sleep；
The structure chart of the judgement system of apnea during Fig. 2 is present invention sleep；
Structure chart after the judgement system of apnea is further improved during Fig. 3 is the sleep in Fig. 2.
Specific implementation mode
Referring to Fig. 2, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides apneas during a kind of sleep
Judgement system, including sequentially connected piezoelectric transducer 10, A/D conversion modules 20 and processor 30.
The piezoelectric transducer 10 is sent to for the sleep-respiratory analog signal during acquiring testee's sleep in real time
The A/D conversion modules 20；
The A/D conversion modules 20 are used to the sleep-respiratory analog signal being converted into sleep-respiratory digital signal, and
It is sent to the processor 30；
The processor 30 to the sleep-respiratory Digital Signal Processing for obtaining respiratory rate oscillogram and pulse frequency waveform
Figure, and the judgement knot for whether occurring apnea during being slept is analyzed respiratory rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram
By.
Referring to Fig. 1, this system realization includes the following steps the method for the judgement of apnea during sleep：
Step 1：Sleep-respiratory letter during piezoelectric transducer 10 and the acquisition testee sleep in real time of A/D conversion modules 20
Number；Specifically, the step 1 includes the following steps：
Step 11：Acquire the sleep-respiratory analog signal during testee's sleep in real time by piezoelectric transducer；
Step 12：The sleep-respiratory analog signal is converted into sleep-respiratory digital signal by A/D conversion modules.
Step 2：Processor obtains respiratory rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram to the sleep-respiratory signal processing；Specifically
Ground, the step 2 include the following steps：
Step 21：Preliminary analysis is carried out to the sleep-respiratory digital signal and obtains the waveform of respiratory rate and the wave of pulse frequency
Shape；
Step 22：Pass sequentially through shape filtering, peak value filtering and covariance matching respectively the waveform to the respiratory rate and
The waveform of the pulse frequency is handled, and accurate respiratory rate and pulse frequency is calculated, and generates corresponding respiratory rate waveform respectively
Figure and pulse frequency oscillogram.
Step 3：Whether processor is analyzed respiratory rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram and is exhaled during being slept
Inhale the judgement conclusion of pause；Specifically, the step 3 includes the following steps：
Step 31：Stationary phase is extracted respectively in the same period of the respiratory rate oscillogram and the pulse frequency oscillogram
The respiratory rate of interior 20s and the pulse frequency of 20s, and each second in 20s take the maximum of the maximum value Xi and a pulse frequency of a respiratory rate
Value Yi, wherein i are integer, and 1≤i≤20；
Step 32：According to formulaThe preliminary threshold of breathing from suspending state differentiation is calculated
M；
Step 33：In real time acquisition testee sleep during sleep-respiratory signal when, in the step 31 described in
The respiratory rate data and pulse rate data of 5s are cached in the same period, and each second in 5s takes the maximum value of a respiratory rate
The maximum value Bi ' of Ai ' and a pulse frequency, wherein i ' are integer, and 1≤i '≤5；
Step 34：According to formulaThe parameter N of breathing from suspending state differentiation is calculated；
Step 35：In real time acquisition testee sleep during sleep-respiratory signal when, every time cache 5s respiratory rate and
Pulse rate signal is repeated once the step 33 and the step 34 every 1s, recycles successively, until terminating during sleep；
Step 36：It sets initial apnea number count=0 and compares N when being often repeated once step 33 and step 34
With the size of 7 × M；And if only if N>When 7 × M, respiration suspending event has occurred in count=count+1, expression；When
count>When 2, compare the size of N and 14 × M, and if only if N>When 14 × M, count=count+1, expression has occurred primary
Apnea；Whether apnea and the judgement conclusion of apnea number are occurred during being slept.
To further increase the accuracy of judgement conclusion, as a kind of more preferably technical solution of the invention, to the step 3
Carry out it is further perfect, improve after step 3 except including step 31~36 in addition to, it is further comprising the steps of：
Step 37：In the step 36, when count values often add 1, to the judgement conclusion in the step 36 according to progress
Secondary judgement；The secondary judgement specifically includes following steps：
Step 371：10 times are carried out successively to the respiratory rate data of 5s and pulse rate data that are cached in the step 33 respectively
Down-sampled processing and 10 times of interpolation processings, wherein sample frequency fs=1000Hz, it is 5 × fs=to obtain quantity in the 5s respectively
5000 points of respiratory rate data and quantity are the pulse rate data of 5 × fs=5000 points；By 5000 points of respiratory rate data record minute
It Wei not ai”, and be respectively b by 5000 points of pulse rate data recordi”, wherein i " is integer, and 1≤i "≤5000；
Step 372：According to formulaRespiratory rate is calculated
The line slope variance S of data and pulse rate data2Value；
Step 373：Apnea occurs really according to the determination for multigroup parameter N that apnea occurs in step 36
The codomain range of the line slope variance of event；Specifically include following steps：
Step 3731：The parameter N of C group breathing from suspending state differentiation is obtained according to the step 33 and the step 34, and
The C groups breathing from suspending state discriminant parameter N is judged according to the step 35 and the step 36, is exhaled in the C groups
Inhale the D group breathing from suspending state discriminant parameters N for being selected in halted state discriminant parameter N and pause respiration case having occurred；Wherein C
It is positive integer, C with D>D, and 50≤C≤500；
Step 3732：According in the step 371 respectively 5s corresponding to the D groups breathing from suspending state discriminant parameter N
Respiratory rate data and pulse rate data handled, every group in D groups of line slope side is calculated through the step 372 after processing
The value of difference, and be labeled as successively respectively
Step 3733：In the value of the line slope variance of the D groupsIt is middle to choose a minimum line slope variance yields Q1With
One maximum line slope variance yields Q2, and obtain occurring really the codomain ranging from (Q of the line slope variance of apnea1,
Q2) or [Q1, Q2]。
Step 374：When the line slope variance yields being calculated by the step 372 is in the value in the step 373
When the range of domain, for testee apnea occurs during sleep for judgement conclusion；Otherwise, it is counted when by the step 372
When obtained line slope variance yields is in other than the codomain range in the step 373, judgement conclusion is being slept for testee
Period is without generation apnea.
In addition, in other variant embodiments, thus it is possible to vary the value range of C so that the numerical value D acquired it is more big more
It is good, it is also beneficial to further increase the accuracy of apnea differentiation in this way.
For be further simplified the present invention system structure and ensure the comfort level of testee, do not influence testee and sleep body
It tests, as more preferably technical solution of the invention a kind of, in the step 11, the pillow of testee is set to by piezoelectric transducer
Bottom and realize in real time acquisition testee sleep during sleep-respiratory analog signal.
To obtain the small sleep-respiratory digital signal of external disturbance, to further increase the accuracy of apnea differentiation,
As one kind, more preferably technical solution, the A/D conversion modules include the filter circuit, amplifying circuit and A/D being sequentially connected electrically
Conversion circuit.The filter circuit is electrically connected with the piezoelectric transducer, and the analog signal to being transmitted by piezoelectric transducer into
Row is input to amplifying circuit after being filtered；Treated that analog signal is amplified to filtered for the amplifying circuit, and passes
It send to the A/D conversion circuits, is converted into filtered successively and enhanced processing analog signal by the A/D conversion circuits
Digital signal.
Step and processing procedure are calculated to be further simplified, as a kind of more preferably technical solution, in the step 21, is led to
It crosses the sleep-respiratory digital signal being input on processor or computer and be obtained by the progress preliminary analysis of LabVIEW softwares
The waveform of respiratory rate and the waveform of pulse frequency.Wherein, it can also be desktop computer that computer, which can be portable computer, can root
It needs to select convenient processing equipment according to the environment of testee.
In addition, in other embodiments, the waveform of other Software Create respiratory rates in addition to LabVIEW softwares can also be used
With the waveform of pulse frequency, such as MALAB softwares.
Referring to Fig. 3, to avoid piezoelectric transducer 10 from being walked phenomenon by such environmental effects, while extending pressure
The service life of electric transducer 10, as a kind of more preferably technical solution, the judgement system of apnea during the present invention sleeps
It further include a sensor mounting plate 40；The piezoelectric transducer 10 is embedded the middle part for being installed on the sensor mounting plate 40, and
Its test side, which leaks outside, is set to the surface of the sensor mounting plate 40, and with the flush of sensor mounting plate 40.At this
In embodiment, the length and width of sensor mounting plate 40 are preferably sized in the same size or close with the length and width of the pillow of testee.
To obtain the small sleep-respiratory digital signal of external disturbance, to further increase the accuracy of apnea differentiation,
As a kind of more preferably technical solution, the A/D conversion modules 20 include the filter for being sequentially connected electrically and being integrated on same pcb board
Wave circuit, amplifying circuit and A/D conversion circuits.The filter circuit is electrically connected with the piezoelectric transducer 10, and to by piezoelectricity
The analog signal that sensor 10 transmits is input to amplifying circuit after being filtered；After the amplifying circuit is to filtered processing
Analog signal be amplified, and be sent to the A/D conversion circuits；The A/D conversion circuits by serial ports on pcb board with
Processor 30 connects, and filtered successively and enhanced processing analog signal is converted into digital signal, and will by serial ports
Digital signal is sent to processor 30, is handled the Digital Signal Analysis to obtain the judgement of apnea situation by processor 30
Conclusion.
When needing to detect breath signal and pulse signal, when monoblock sensor mounting plate 40 is placed on testee's sleep
The bottom surface of pillow used is needed, or is nested into the pillow cover of pillow and pillow is pressurized together；And A/D conversion modules 20 can be with
It is placed on bedside or other places for facilitating placement.Breath signal and pulse can be detected when testee sleeps by this system
Signal, processor 30 can constantly handle data during the sleep of testee, complete subsequent analysis, the work of processing and judgement
Make.Specifically, in combination with the judgment method of apnea during the sleep of the present invention to apnea during sleep of the invention
Judgement system the course of work and operation principle understood that therefore details are not described herein.
In other variant embodiments, the processor 30 could alternatively be computer, mobile phone, tablet computer or wrist-watch
Etc. other intelligent terminals equipment.
Compared with the existing technology, the judgement system of apnea need not be contacted with testee during present invention sleep, i.e.,
The judgement to sleep pause can be achieved, radiationless, testing result is accurate, and easy to carry, convenient to use, can meet user
Use when detection and the investigation of apnea is carried out under the environment such as house or travel, is reduced time and money cost and is disappeared
Consumption.
The invention is not limited in the above embodiments, if the various changes or deformation to the present invention do not depart from the present invention
Spirit and scope, if these changes and deformation belong within the scope of the claim and equivalent technologies of the present invention, then this hair
It is bright to be also intended to comprising these changes and deformation.
Claims (8)
1. the judgement system of apnea during a kind of sleep, it is characterised in that：Including sequentially connected piezoelectric transducer, A/D
Conversion module and processor；
The piezoelectric transducer is sent to the A/ for the sleep-respiratory analog signal during acquiring testee's sleep in real time
D conversion modules；
The A/D conversion modules are used to the sleep-respiratory analog signal being converted into sleep-respiratory digital signal, and are sent to
The processor；
The processor is used to obtain respiratory rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram to the sleep-respiratory Digital Signal Processing, and right
Respiratory rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram are analyzed the judgement conclusion for whether occurring apnea during being slept；
The piezoelectric transducer, A/D conversion modules and processor realize that the judgement of apnea during sleep includes the following steps：
Step 1：Piezoelectric transducer and A/D conversion modules acquire the sleep-respiratory signal during testee's sleep in real time；
Step 2：Processor obtains respiratory rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram to the sleep-respiratory signal processing；
Step 3：Whether processor analyzes during being slept respiratory rate oscillogram and pulse frequency oscillogram there is breathing temporarily
The judgement conclusion stopped, specifically includes following steps：
Step 31：It is extracted in stationary phase respectively in the same period of the respiratory rate oscillogram and the pulse frequency oscillogram
The respiratory rate of 20s and the pulse frequency of 20s, and each second in 20s take the maximum value of the maximum value Xi and a pulse frequency of a respiratory rate
Yi, wherein i are integer, and 1≤i≤20；
Step 32：According to formulaThe preliminary threshold M of breathing from suspending state differentiation is calculated；
Step 33：It is described same in the step 31 in the real-time sleep-respiratory signal acquired during testee sleeps
The respiratory rate data and pulse rate data of caching 5s in period, and each second in 5s take a respiratory rate maximum value Ai ' and
The maximum value Bi ' of one pulse frequency, wherein i ' are integer, and 1≤i '≤5；
Step 34：According to formulaThe parameter N of breathing from suspending state differentiation is calculated；
Step 35：In the real-time sleep-respiratory signal acquired during testee sleeps, the respiratory rate and pulse frequency of 5s are cached every time
Signal is repeated once the step 33 and the step 34 every 1s, recycles successively, until terminating during sleep；
Step 36：Set initial apnea number count=0, when being often repeated once step 33 and step 34, compare N and 7 ×
The size of M；And if only if N>When 7 × M, respiration suspending event has occurred in count=count+1, expression；Work as count>2
When, compare the size of N and 14 × M, and if only if N>When 14 × M, respiration pause has occurred in count=count+1, expression
Event；Whether apnea and the judgement conclusion of apnea number are occurred during being slept.
2. the judgement system of apnea during sleep according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 1, tool
Body includes the following steps：
Step 11：Acquire the sleep-respiratory analog signal during testee's sleep in real time by piezoelectric transducer；
Step 12：The sleep-respiratory analog signal is converted into sleep-respiratory digital signal by A/D conversion modules.
3. the judgement system of apnea during sleep according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：In the step 2, tool
Body includes the following steps：
Step 21：Processor carries out preliminary analysis to the sleep-respiratory digital signal and obtains the waveform of respiratory rate and the wave of pulse frequency
Shape；
Step 22：Processor passes sequentially through shape filtering, peak value filtering and covariance matching respectively to the waveform of the respiratory rate
It is handled with the waveform of the pulse frequency, accurate respiratory rate and pulse frequency is calculated, and generate corresponding respiratory rate wave respectively
Shape figure and pulse frequency oscillogram.
4. the judgement system of apnea during being slept according to claims 1 to 3 any one of them, it is characterised in that：It is described
Step 3 is further comprising the steps of：
Step 37：It is secondary according to carrying out to the judgement conclusion in the step 36 when count values often add 1 in the step 36
Judge；The secondary judgement specifically includes following steps：
Step 371：Are carried out by 10 times of drops successively and is adopted for the respiratory rate data of 5s and pulse rate data that are cached in the step 33 respectively
Sample processing and 10 times of interpolation processings, wherein sample frequency fs=1000Hz, it is 5 × fs=5000 to obtain quantity in the 5s respectively
The respiratory rate data and quantity of point are the pulse rate data of 5 × fs=5000 points；Respiratory rate data record by 5000 points is respectively
ai”, and be respectively b by 5000 points of pulse rate data recordi”, wherein i " is integer, and 1≤i "≤5000；
Step 372：According to formulaRespiratory rate data are calculated
With the line slope variance S of pulse rate data2Value；
Step 373：It is determined according to multigroup parameter N that apnea occurs in step 36 and apnea occurs really
The codomain range of line slope variance；
Step 374：When the line slope variance yields being calculated by the step 372 is in the codomain model in the step 373
When enclosing, for testee apnea occurs during sleep for judgement conclusion；Otherwise, it is calculated when by the step 372
To line slope variance yields be in other than the codomain range in the step 373 when, judgement conclusion is testee during sleep
Without generation apnea.
5. the judgement system of apnea during sleep according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：In the step 373
Really the determination that the codomain range of the line slope variance of apnea occurs specifically includes following steps：
Step 3731：According to the step 33 and the step 34 obtain C group breathing from suspending state differentiation parameter N, and according to
The step 35 and the step 36 judge the C groups breathing from suspending state discriminant parameter N, temporary in C groups breathing
Stop selecting the D group breathing from suspending state discriminant parameters N that pause respiration case has occurred in condition discrimination parameter N；Wherein C and D
It is positive integer, C>D, and 50≤C≤500；
Step 3732：According to exhaling in the step 371 respectively 5s corresponding to the D groups breathing from suspending state discriminant parameter N
Suction rate data and pulse rate data are handled, and every group in D groups of line slope variance is calculated through the step 372 after processing
Value, and be labeled as successively respectively
Step 3733：In the value of the line slope variance of the D groupsIt is middle to choose a minimum line slope variance yields Q1Most with one
Big line slope variance yields Q2, and obtain occurring really the codomain ranging from (Q of the line slope variance of apnea1, Q2) or
[Q1, Q2]。
6. the judgement system of apnea during sleep according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：In the step 11,
By piezoelectric transducer is set to the pillow base of testee realize in real time acquisition testee sleep during sleep-respiratory mould
Quasi- signal.
7. the judgement system of apnea during sleep according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The A/D moduluss of conversion
Block includes the filter circuit being sequentially connected electrically, amplifying circuit and A/D conversion circuits；The filter circuit and the piezoelectric transducer
Electrical connection, and it is input to amplifying circuit after being filtered to the analog signal transmitted by piezoelectric transducer；The amplification electricity
Treated that analog signal is amplified to filtered on road, and is sent to the A/D conversion circuits, by the A/D conversion circuits
Filtered successively and enhanced processing analog signal is converted into digital signal.
8. the judgement system of apnea during sleep according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：In the step 21,
It is obtained by the progress preliminary analysis of LabVIEW softwares by the way that the sleep-respiratory digital signal to be input on processor or computer
To the waveform of respiratory rate and the waveform of pulse frequency.
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| CN109691990B (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2024-02-20 | 纳智源科技（唐山）有限责任公司 | Sleep apnea hypopnea detection device and method |
| CN109091112B (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2020-09-29 | 深圳融昕医疗科技有限公司 | Device for judging type of apnea event |
| CN109480783B (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2022-02-18 | 深圳和而泰智能控制股份有限公司 | Apnea detection method and device and computing equipment |
| EP3949838A4 (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2022-12-28 | Teijin Limited | Sleep state detection device, sleep state detection method, and sleep state detection program |
| CN114732391B (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-08-23 | 亿慧云智能科技（深圳）股份有限公司 | Microwave radar-based heart rate monitoring method, device and system in sleep state |
| CN117338253B (en) * | 2023-12-05 | 2024-03-26 | 华南师范大学 | Sleep apnea detection method and device based on physiological signals |
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