CN106160993B - A kind of power system capacity expansion method based on D2D traffic model in ITS - Google Patents

A kind of power system capacity expansion method based on D2D traffic model in ITS Download PDF

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CN106160993B
CN106160993B CN201610665478.5A CN201610665478A CN106160993B CN 106160993 B CN106160993 B CN 106160993B CN 201610665478 A CN201610665478 A CN 201610665478A CN 106160993 B CN106160993 B CN 106160993B
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power
rsu
distribution
scheduling
bandwidth resource
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CN106160993A (en
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江晓明
周佳琳
江浩斌
李灵芝
陈潇君
李康飞
兰豪
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JIANGSU LIANMENG INFORMATION ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd.
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Jiangsu University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04TPC
    • H04W52/18TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H04W52/241TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account channel quality metrics, e.g. SIR, SNR, CIR, Eb/lo
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0058Allocation criteria
    • H04L5/006Quality of the received signal, e.g. BER, SNR, water filling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04TPC
    • H04W52/30TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
    • H04W52/34TPC management, i.e. sharing limited amount of power among users or channels or data types, e.g. cell loading
    • H04W52/346TPC management, i.e. sharing limited amount of power among users or channels or data types, e.g. cell loading distributing total power among users or channels
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/26Resource reservation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04TPC
    • H04W52/38TPC being performed in particular situations
    • H04W52/383TPC being performed in particular situations power control in peer-to-peer links

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of power system capacity expansion methods based on D2D traffic model in ITS, include: the method for carrying out cooperative information transmitting and scheduling and bandwidth resource allocation between (1) drive test base station: RSU collaboration communication is applied in car networking system, it is cascaded by the backhaul of RSU, the efficient co-simulation modeling for realizing communication channel bandwidth resource uses efficient transmitting and scheduling agreement during bandwidth resource allocation;The agreement are as follows: when vehicle node moves out base station range, each RSU can discharge corresponding wireless frequency spectrum bandwidth resources in time;When vehicle node moves into base station range, RSU advances for the spectral bandwidth resource that be switched to the vehicle node;(2) the capacity enlargement method of self-adapting signal power control: the discrete power distribution method based on bit distribution algorithm is used, i.e. according to the real-time status of sub-carrier channels, the bit rate of the adaptive each carrier wave of distribution, and corresponding power distribution algorithm is used, adaptively adjust transmission power.

Description

A kind of power system capacity expansion method based on D2D traffic model in ITS
Technical field
The invention belongs to intelligent transportation ITS technical fields, and in particular to a kind of system based on D2D traffic model in ITS Capacity enlargement method.
Background technique
With the development of the city, congested in traffic degree increasingly aggravates, and relies solely on the construction of traffic infrastructure, not It is able to satisfy the information system requirement of Traffic Development.In recent years, World Developed Countries all pay much attention to transportation system management and control The theoretical research and system development of technology processed, it is therefore an objective to it is desirable that with the intelligence for having merged the technologies such as communication, automation and computer Energy traffic system (ITS:Intelligent Transportation Systems), to solve under real road traffic conditions The problems such as information exchange and security control.
As an emerging research topic of the communications field, with the terminal direct connection skill in New honeycomb mobile communication system Art (D2D, Device-to-Device), it is clear that mobile subscriber terminal number in road traffic can be alleviated and increasingly increased and frequency spectrum Contradiction between non-renewable the two of bandwidth resources.In legacy cellular mobile communication system, two mobile terminal devices Between any information exchange, it is necessary to depend on the scheduling and forwarding of base station first, mainly pass through the resource tune in base station Degree device guarantees the progress of communication process to distribute uplink and downlink channel width resource (comprising frequency spectrum and time interval resource).
For mobile communication system, multi-user's distribution of wireless bandwidth resource can be frequency domain distribution, be also possible to Time domain distribution;Orthogonal code under bandwidth resources can also accurately be controlled using power realizes distribution.But wireless bandwidth resource It is very limited eventually, and the quantity of active user constantly grows at top speed, thus how efficiently using having The wireless bandwidth resource of limit meets growing user demand, it is clear that becomes each relevant industries in various countries and pays close attention to and grind together The important topic studied carefully.
In the mobile communication network of a multi-user, under given bandwidth condition, different users enjoys different And mutually independent physical channel or logic channel, the mobility of user and the locality condition being presently in, lead to some users Obtain communication channel condition more better than other users.Under the requirement for meeting same service quality QoS, it is clear that possess preferable letter The user of road condition, use channel width resource that can be more efficient.
In intelligent car networking network communication system, the space topological of vehicle communication channel is distributed, with conventional telecommunications operator Channel space topology distribution in the cellular mobile network of construction, there is biggish difference.The main distinction has two aspects: on the one hand It is the geometry topology of road, limits the motion range and trend of vehicle.The channel characteristic of another aspect car networking, so that Vehicle mobile terminal in general mobile cellular net, has faster mobility than pedestrian;This fast-changing mobility, So that the research work for Channel Modeling and system communication calculation of capacity under ITS, the honeycomb of relatively conventional operation is mobile logical Communication network, more for challenge.
Although in conclusion at present legacy cellular mobile network channel model research with practical networking engineering in, There are some academic typical communication channel models generally acknowledged with engineering circles and data transmission scheduling scheme, but these models cannot Directly apply in the communication system of terminal direct connection D2D of ITS completely, it is obviously desirable to according to the channel under actual road environment The real time kinematics characteristic of feature and vehicle-mounted user terminal carries out the parameters revision of reasonable channel and the strategy of bandwidth for transmission scheduling Optimization.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the D2D terminal direct connection communication technology is applied to Intelligent road traffic information interaction system by the present invention In system, a kind of novel method, as a kind of power system capacity expansion method based on D2D traffic model in ITS, the party are proposed The communication technology that method enables to this novel collaboration of D2D to lead directly to again, in the practical application scene of ITS actual traffic road In, become more to popularize with efficiently.After introducing the terminal direct connection D2D technology under strategy of the invention, two shiftings in system Dynamic terminal can not realize the direct transmitting-receiving of data by the forwarding of base station.Its overall strategy are as follows: in ITS application environment Under D2D technology, partial movement user terminal realizes communication and interaction still through the mode that base station forwards;It is excellent that part meets ITS Change the vehicle-mounted mobile user terminal under the conditions of model of communication system, the technical approach of terminal direct connection D2D can be passed through, directly Carry out the communication and interaction of data.Meet the actual conditions of ITS optimization model of communication system are as follows: communication system uses trackside first Cooperation transmission scheduling mode between equipment RSU, and channel condition is good (i.e. full between any two-way vehicle-mounted user terminal Foot mutually transmission range is closer, and receiving and transmitting signal power is compared with high condition) when, it can be using the subsequent high efficiency of transmission of this patent Bandwidth scheduling strategy;And then can be adaptive the capacity of communication system distribution method using power control between communication node. To reach in the ITS network communications environment of practice, the purpose that communication system total capacity increases and efficiently distributes is realized.It is real Existing the specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of power system capacity expansion method based on D2D traffic model in ITS, comprising: cooperate between roadside device The capacity enlargement method of information transmitting and scheduling and the method for bandwidth resource allocation and corresponding self-adapting signal power control;
Cooperative information transmitting and scheduling is carried out between the roadside device and the method for bandwidth resource allocation includes: to assist RSU Make communications applications into car networking system, cascaded by the backhaul of RSU, realizes the efficient collaboration point of communication channel bandwidth resource Match, efficient transmitting and scheduling agreement is used during bandwidth resource allocation;The transmitting and scheduling agreement uses: working as vehicle node Move out base station range when, each RSU can discharge corresponding wireless frequency spectrum bandwidth resources in time;When vehicle node moves into base When coverage area of standing, RSU advances for the spectral bandwidth resource that be switched to the vehicle node;
The capacity enlargement method of the self-adapting signal power control is using the discrete power based on bit distribution algorithm point Method of completing the square that is, according to the real-time status of sub-carrier channels, the bit rate of the adaptive each carrier wave of distribution, and uses corresponding Power distribution algorithm adaptively adjusts transmission power.
Further, the discrete power distribution method based on bit distribution algorithm includes the following steps:
A. communication system signal total bandwidth is set as B, is divided into n=1,2 ... .., N, altogether N number of subcarrier, therefore each load Wavestrip width is Δ f=B/N,Indicate transmission power of k-th of signal on n-th of subcarrier, corresponding channel fading coefficient ForThen the power allocation vector of k-th of signal is
B. the noise power for enabling each subcarrier is σ2, then single carrier wave Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) are as follows:
C. according to Shannon's theorems, then the channel capacity of each subcarrier are as follows:
It d. is P in given system total emission powermaxUnder constraint condition, i.e., system needs to meetWhen, it is optimal The value of power distribution are as follows:
E. it is solved using the power water flood of self-adapting signal power control, obtains the optimal subcarrier hair of k-th of signal Penetrate power are as follows:
Subscript opt indicates optimal subcarrier, i ∈ [1, N];Sub-carrier channels real-time status is better, then distribution power is more; , whereas if channel condition is very poor, then not distribution power, i.e. power is 0;
F. in order to make full use of channel width, adaptive power water filling is carried out, iteratively distributes function to all subcarriers Rate.
Further, the specific implementation of the communication channel bandwidth resources co-allocation includes:
Firstly, the variation based on car speed and location information, each RSU predicts network topology structure in its coverage area Situation of change, and predict the communication node situation associated with it that will be left out of coverage area;
Then, this prediction is passed to adjacent RSU, predicts that other RSU can reliably by backhaul network Which vehicle node its range can be passed in and out to.
Further, the information transmitting and scheduling agreement is by scheduling phase TscWith transmission stage TtrIt constitutes.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, the Optimized model of D2D technology in ITS is applied to intelligent transportation with the expansion method of corresponding capacity of communication system System has significant advantage in terms of the utilization rate for improving frequency spectrum resource, and can also mitigate the workload of base station, increases The user capacity of base station.
2, this patent is mentioned for banded structure, space vehicle distribution situation and the characteristic of channel situation of road in car networking A kind of dynamic self-adapting spectral bandwidth source scheduling mode is gone out.Compared to other modes, in the case where channel capacity is certain, Signal transmitting power is reduced, to reduce signaling rate, has increase accordingly capacity of communication system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the communication scheduling scheme transmission frame of no RSU cooperative cooperating;
Fig. 2 is the collaboration optimization communication scheduling scheme transmission frame of improved suitable car networking road environment.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples.
In the bandwidth resources multiplex communication system of the terminal direct connection D2D of ITS, how many bandwidth give in the distribution of D2D communication system D2D user is determined by neighbouring base station BS or roadside device RSU.Therefore, the present invention embodies one kind with true Protect the dynamic spectrum scheduling of resource and management method premised on intrinsic user's normal communication.It is straight-through logical from organizing for car networking D2D The network characteristic of letter system proposes the technical solution of a set of novel D2D model of communication system being simple and efficient, main contents There are following two aspects: (1) method for being conducive to carry out cooperative information transmitting and scheduling and bandwidth resource allocation between roadside device; (2) the message capacity expansion method based on above-mentioned vehicle-mounted nodal properties Yu self-adapting signal power control requirements.It says separately below It is bright.Wherein, the realization condition of message capacity expansion method are as follows: the model of communication system in ITS needs to meet the transmitting and scheduling With the method for bandwidth resource allocation.
(1) method for being conducive to carry out cooperation transmission scheduling and bandwidth resource allocation between roadside device
It is different from conventional mobile cellular network, based on two main differences described in " background technique ", ITS car networking Self-assembly system is obviously also equipped with following 3 specific features:
1) in linear road scene, each roadside device (RSU) usually only two adjacent R SU;
2) higher speed causes the channel frequency in band-like ITS communication network to be switched fast;
3) movement position of vehicle-mounted node more has predictability than common mobile subscriber.
According to these notable features, the thought of RSU collaboration communication is applied in car networking system by the present invention, passes through RSU Backhaul Cascading Methods, realize communication channel bandwidth resource efficient co-simulation modeling.
Firstly, the variation based on car speed and location information, each RSU predicts network topology structure in its coverage area Situation of change, and predict the communication node situation associated with it that will be left out of coverage area.
Then, this prediction passes to adjacent RSU, predict other RSU can reliably by backhaul network Which vehicle node can pass in and out its range.
During bandwidth resource allocation, depended in the interference that each bandwidth resources block (resource block) is subject to The correlation properties of system time and space select reasonable manner shared resource block, by the bigger network throughput of acquisition and more The high availability of frequency spectrum.Therefore, efficient transmitting and scheduling strategy seems extremely important.
As shown in Figure 1, being traditional D2D bandwidth resources block transmitting and scheduling strategy: when vehicle termination is from base station BS Coverage area is moved to another, has corresponded to the switching between two BS, experienced a switching cycle Tsw.After the completion of switching, Vehicle termination is continued to using the new wireless bandwidth resource being assigned in handover, and this period is the first transmission cycle Tft.If vehicle termination also needs to realize mutual information transmission, special T dispatching cycle is neededsc.It experienced It is information data transmission cycle T after dispatching cycletr.Hereafter, vehicle node can alternately undergo TscWith Ttr, until leaving current base The signal cover and the next big switching cycle of entrance stood.
It is illustrated in fig. 2 shown below, is adjusted to optimize communication the invention proposes the collaboration of improved suitable car networking road environment Degree strategy.When vehicle node moves out base station range, each RSU can discharge corresponding wireless frequency spectrum bandwidth money in time Source;When vehicle node moves into base station range, RSU advances for the spectral bandwidth money that be switched to the vehicle node Source.
Therefore, unlike the bandwidth resources block transmitting and scheduling strategy of above-mentioned traditional D2D direct communication system, include In the case where the cascade RSU car networking of backhaul network, it is not necessary that handle complicated handoff procedure, i.e., vehicle proposed by the present invention Scheduling of resource agreement under the conditions of networking is only by a scheduling phase TscWith transmission stage TtrIt constitutes.Obviously new bandwidth resources Block transmitting and scheduling strategy has the more efficient spectral bandwidth level of resources utilization, is more advantageous to capacity of communication system under ITS environment Amplification.
(2) the message capacity expansion method based on vehicle-mounted nodal properties Yu self-adapting signal power control
Radio resource in modern mobile communication system is broadly divided into four major types: energy resource, time resource, frequency Resource and space resources.Energy resource includes the power and energy of signal.Allocation criteria of the communication system for uplink and downlink channel Difference, uplink interfere with each other minimum, and the allocation criteria that can be worked normally between meeting system link;And downlink will meet transmitting General power is minimum to interfere with each other the smallest allocation criteria between link.In the D2D/ITS network of ad-hoc collaboration resource allocation, show So, it is often more important that it is required that network general power is minimum.
Either power adaptive or rate adaptation belong to link circuit self-adapting, and they are all to realize link certainly A kind of main means adapted to, purpose, which is provided to expand, to be transmitted the capacity of data service in a link and improves transmission data Quality.
Below to the capacity enlargement method of the self-adapting signal power control in patent of invention, it is explained as follows:
Shannon theory is thought, is directly transmitted total power signal water filling for communication system, can expand channel capacity. But since practical vehicle-mounted mobile ITS system is all discrete multitone, DMT form, it is therefore desirable to use discrete power allocation plan.This hair The bright discrete power allocation plan proposed based on bit distribution algorithm, i.e., according to the real-time status of sub-carrier channels, adaptively The each carrier wave of distribution bit rate, and use corresponding power distribution algorithm, adaptively adjust transmission power.Again because of letter Ceasing bit rate and power distribution has close correlation, therefore often carries out the adaptive combined distribution of the two, so we claim Theory deduction for self-adapting signal power control algorithm, power control strategy and power system capacity expansion method is as follows:
A. communication system signal total bandwidth is set as B, is divided into n=1,2 ... .., N, altogether N number of subcarrier, therefore each load Wavestrip width is Δ f=B/N.Indicate transmission power of k-th of signal on n-th of subcarrier, corresponding channel fading coefficient ForThen the power allocation vector of k-th of signal is
B. the noise power for enabling each subcarrier is σ2, then single carrier wave Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) are as follows:
C. according to Shannon's theorems, then the channel capacity of each subcarrier are as follows:
It d. is P in given system total emission powermaxUnder constraint condition, i.e., system needs to meetWhen, it is optimal The value of power distribution are as follows:
E. it is solved, can be derived, the optimal son of k-th of signal using the power water flood of self-adapting signal power control Carrier wave transmission power are as follows:
Wherein, subscript opt indicates optimal subcarrier, i ∈ [1, N].
Above-mentioned waterflood project shows that sub-carrier channels real-time status is better, then distribution power is more;, whereas if channel Condition is very poor, then not distribution power, is equivalent to and abandons this carrier wave, power 0.In order to make full use of channel width, need Adaptive power water filling is carried out, to the distribution power of all subcarrier iteration.
The effect of innovation point
Finally, it is verified that the beneficial effect of the algorithm, considers single communication link, using the classical road in mobile communication system Diameter loss model, Link Fade value are as follows:
L (dB)=[32.4+20log10(d)+20log10(f)] (4)
Carrier frequency are as follows: f=5.9GHz, D2D direct communication system down channel total bandwidth are 200MHz.
Specific embodiment
According to above-mentioned self-adapting signal power control algorithm, by based on the NS-3 open source emulation platform under LINUX system Modeling and calculating share cascade trackside or base station 10 when the coverage area of trackside or antenna for base station power is 200m, it is corresponding Vehicular communication networks are long and width is 2000m (length) --- 20m (width) section, optimize communication scheduling using the collaboration of D2D direct communication system The capacity enlargement method of strategy and self-adapting signal power control, the transmission power that D2D leads directly to link is 20dBm, other are non-straight Logical communication link is 40dBm, can calculate acquisition, the vehicle fleet size that can be accommodated increases to 80 from 50, illustrates of the invention Scheduling reduces signal transmission power with dilatation strategy well, optimizes the network capacity of ITS, this in car networking system to providing Efficient utilize in source has far-reaching influence.
To sum up, the present invention proposes a kind of power system capacity expansion method based on D2D traffic model in ITS, in vehicle distances Base station farther out when, work at low power modes, using simple resource dispatching strategy, when vehicle is smaller at a distance from base station When, it is switched to mode of the present invention, using the power system capacity extended method under the resource dispatching strategy and power control of optimization.
A series of detailed description illustrating only for feasible embodiment of the invention listed by text, The protection scope that they are not intended to limit the invention, it is all without departing from equivalent implementations made by technical spirit of the present invention or change More it should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of power system capacity expansion method based on D2D traffic model in ITS characterized by comprising between roadside device Cooperative information transmitting and scheduling is carried out to expand with the capacity of the method for bandwidth resource allocation and corresponding self-adapting signal power control Appearance method;
It includes: that RSU cooperates with leading to that cooperative information transmitting and scheduling is carried out between the roadside device with the method for bandwidth resource allocation Letter is applied in car networking system, is cascaded by the backhaul of RSU, is realized the efficient co-simulation modeling of communication channel bandwidth resource, Efficient transmitting and scheduling agreement is used during bandwidth resource allocation;The transmitting and scheduling agreement uses: when vehicle node is moved out When base station range, each RSU can discharge corresponding wireless frequency spectrum bandwidth resources in time;Base station is moved into when vehicle node to cover When lid range, RSU advances for the spectral bandwidth resource that be switched to the vehicle node;
The capacity enlargement method of the self-adapting signal power control uses the discrete power distribution side based on bit distribution algorithm Method that is, according to the real-time status of sub-carrier channels, the bit rate of the adaptive each carrier wave of distribution, and uses corresponding power Allocation algorithm adaptively adjusts transmission power, and sub-carrier channels real-time status is better, then distribution power is more, if instead letter Road condition is very poor, then not distribution power, i.e., power is 0;
The ITS indicates intelligent transportation system, and the D2D indicates terminal direct connection technology, and the RSU indicates roadside device.
2. a kind of power system capacity expansion method based on D2D traffic model in ITS according to claim 1, feature exist In the discrete power distribution method based on bit distribution algorithm includes the following steps:
A. communication system signal total bandwidth is set as B, is divided into n=1,2 ... .., N, altogether N number of subcarrier, therefore each carrier band Width is Δ f=B/N,Indicate transmission power of k-th of signal on n-th of subcarrier, corresponding channel fading coefficient is Then the power allocation vector of k-th of signal is
B. the noise power for enabling each subcarrier is σ2, then single carrier wave Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) are as follows:
C. according to Shannon's theorems, then the channel capacity of each subcarrier are as follows:
It d. is P in given system total emission powermaxUnder constraint condition, i.e., system needs to meetWhen, optimal power The value of distribution are as follows:
E. it is solved using the power water flood of self-adapting signal power control, obtains the optimal sub-carrier transmissions function of k-th of signal Rate are as follows:
Subscript opt indicates optimal subcarrier, i ∈ [1, N];Sub-carrier channels real-time status is better, then distribution power is more;Instead It, if channel condition is very poor, not distribution power, i.e. power are 0;
F. in order to make full use of channel width, adaptive power water filling is carried out, to all subcarriers iteratively distribution power.
3. a kind of power system capacity expansion method based on D2D traffic model in ITS according to claim 1, feature exist In the specific implementation of the efficient co-simulation modeling of the communication channel bandwidth resource includes:
Firstly, the variation based on car speed and location information, each RSU predict the change of network topology structure in its coverage area Change situation, and predicts the communication node situation associated with it that will be left out of coverage area;
Then, this prediction is passed to adjacent RSU, makes which other RSU can reliably predict by backhaul network A little vehicle nodes can pass in and out its range.
4. a kind of power system capacity expansion method based on D2D traffic model in ITS according to claim 1, feature exist In the transmitting and scheduling agreement is by scheduling phase TscWith transmission stage TtrIt constitutes.
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