CN106097130A - Coal-mining subsidence based on depression parameter is ploughed and is damaged the determination method on border - Google Patents

Coal-mining subsidence based on depression parameter is ploughed and is damaged the determination method on border Download PDF

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CN106097130A
CN106097130A CN201610459654.XA CN201610459654A CN106097130A CN 106097130 A CN106097130 A CN 106097130A CN 201610459654 A CN201610459654 A CN 201610459654A CN 106097130 A CN106097130 A CN 106097130A
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胡振琪
陈慧玲
赵艳玲
黄琴焕
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China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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Abstract

The present invention relates to the determination method on damage border, coal-mining subsidence based on depression parameter arable land, belong to mining technique, Land_use change and land reclamation technical field.The method includes: obtain the natural conditions of region, mining area, geological conditions, mining plan, predicting parameters information;Use prediction of mining subsidence system to carry out land subsidence simulation, obtain mining area surface equivalent curve, maximum sinking value;Based on mining subsidence theory, first determine the critical sinking corresponding to sinking, inclination, three depression parameters of horizontal distortion, then determine the sinking that damage border of ploughing is corresponding;The sinking corresponding according to damage border of ploughing and surface subsidence contour determine damage border, arable land.The inventive method is compensated for soil, is taken over for use and the establishment offer reference frame of land reclamation scheme, and involutory understanding certainly workers and peasants' contradiction and soil sustainable development tool are of great significance.

Description

Coal-mining subsidence based on depression parameter is ploughed and is damaged the determination method on border
Technical field
The invention belongs to mining technique, Land_use change and land reclamation technical field, particularly to based on depression parameter Coal-mining subsidence is ploughed and is damaged the determination method on border.
Background technology
China has a large population and a few land, and cultivated land resource is the most nervous, and the large scale mining of coal resources, cause big of cultivated land resource Long-pending damage, the grain security of serious threat China, constrain Sustainable Development in Mining Areas.Especially Central China and east height diving Mining area, position, after land subsidence, hydrops is serious, and waters is become in large-area high-quality farmland, it is impossible to obtain Appropriate application." the China people Republic's Coal Act " the 32nd article of regulation: cover soil because cutting coal or cause earth's surface land subsidence, destroy, causing Other people lose, it should recompense in accordance with the law.Land Administration Law of the People's Republic of China the 47th article regulation: impose soil , recompense according to by the former purposes imposing soil, impose the reimbursement for expenses ploughed and include land compensation, allowance for arrangement And attachment and the compensation of young crops on the ground.Plough and damage the premise foundation that border is cultivation area measuring and calculating, concern enterprise, agriculture The people, tripartite's interests of government.But China does not has the defining standard on unified damage border of ploughing at present, and tradition is with surface subsidence Depression ground scope of reclaiming that border 10mm delimit excessive (feature of subsidence basin formed of mining be border damage gently, internal exergy dissipation Ruin serious (edge contour value is little, and internal contour value is big)), now, using 10mm as border, depression borderline region has the biggest Area is only ploughed by minimal effect, the not underproduction substantially, if by the expropriation of land of this border or compensation, being greatly increased requisition cultivated area and soil Cost of reclaiming, thus increase national economy expenditure, waste resource.Another kind is that the reparation determined is conferred, with peasant, by bargh Border, this reparation border is the least, and some plough the underproduction and not within extent of compensation, cause workers and peasants' aggravation of contradictions. China's scholar's research in terms of damage border of ploughing of being correlated with is little, the delimitation of the Limitation on Liability of reclaiming, damage arable land research range Determination be essentially all employing sinking border sanctified by usage and replace damage border of ploughing.Qi Jiazhong proposes to destroy shadow with ploughing Ringing angle and determine coal mine subsidence land scope, but this ploughs, damage border derives from working experience, lacks theories integration.Therefore, plough The determination on damage border can be that the measuring and calculating of arable land damage scope provides foundation, for soil reparation, requisition and land reclamation scheme Establishment provide reference frame, involutory understanding certainly workers and peasants' contradiction and soil sustainable development tool be of great significance.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to as solving an above-mentioned difficult problem, propose damage border, coal-mining subsidence based on depression parameter arable land Determine that method, the inventive method determine reasonably arable land damage border, for soil reparation, requisition and the volume of land reclamation scheme System provides reference frame, it is ensured that resource exploitation and the coordinated development of land reclamation, promotes harmonious mining area construction.The present invention proposes Coal-mining subsidence based on depression parameter is ploughed and is damaged the determination method on border, it is adaptable to East China coal field ploughs damage border really Fixed, the method determines that in sinking, inclination, three depression parameters of horizontal distortion, early start produces impact to Farmland Productivity Border corresponding to parameter, as damage border (being also border of reclaiming) of ploughing, mainly specifically includes following steps:
1) natural conditions of region, coal seam, mining area, geological conditions, mining plan and predicting parameters information are obtained;
2) according to step 1) geological conditions of region, coal seam, mining area that obtains, mining plan, predicting parameters, employing is opened Adopt subsidence forecast system and carry out land subsidence simulation, obtain mining area surface equivalent curve, maximum sinking value;
3) based on mining subsidence theory, according to step 1) natural conditions of the region, coal seam, mining area that obtains, anticipated ginseng Number, first determines the critical sinking corresponding to sinking, inclination, three depression parameters of horizontal distortion, facing of damage border of i.e. ploughing Boundary's sinking, the sinking that critical tilting value is corresponding, sinking that critical level deformation values is corresponding, then determine damage border, arable land Corresponding sinking;
4) according to step 2) the mining area surface equivalent curve that determines and step 3) the damage border, arable land that determines is corresponding Sinking determine arable land damage border.The present invention mainly has techniques below feature and a beneficial effect:
The present invention i.e. sinks from the damage influence factor that ploughs, tilts, three depression parameters of horizontal distortion, determines arable land Three marginal values on damage border, the most critical sinking, critical tilting value and critical level deformation values, it is then based on mining subsidence Theory, is converted to the sinking of correspondence by critical tilting value, critical level deformation values by integral operation, it is achieved that damage of ploughing The unification of three parameters in border, and then determine that damage border, arable land (i.e. determines that in three parameters, early start is to Farmland Productivity Produce the border corresponding to parameter of impact as damage border of ploughing), the measuring and calculating for arable land damage scope provides foundation, weakens Enterprise, agriculture, the contradiction of political affairs three, promote harmonious mining area construction.The present invention is soil reparation, requisition and the establishment of land reclamation scheme Reference frame, involutory understanding certainly workers and peasants' contradiction and soil sustainable development tool is provided to be of great significance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the determination method flow block diagram on the damage border, coal-mining subsidence based on depression parameter arable land of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The coal-mining subsidence based on depression parameter that the present invention proposes is ploughed and is damaged the determination method on border, idiographic flow such as figure Shown in 1, specifically include following steps:
1) natural conditions of region, coal seam, mining area, geological conditions, mining plan and predicting parameters information are obtained: pass through The data such as natural, the geology of region, coal seam, mining area, mining of collecting obtain the natural conditions in this region, geological conditions, mining Plan and predicting parameters information;Wherein, natural conditions mainly include ground elevation, phreatic table absolute altitude, critical depth of groundwater, agriculture The ruling grade of the crop not underproduction, soil physico-chemical property, present status of land utilization;Geological conditions mainly include the seam mining degree of depth, The distribution of buried depth, seam inclination, tomography, loose seam's thickness, rock stratum distribution;Mining plan mainly includes coal-face cloth Put, direction of extraction, exploitation sequential, recovery method;Predicting parameters mainly include mining area surface subsidence factor, displacement factor, Main affect angle tangent, mining effect angle of propagation, deviation of inflection point, the main radius of influence (this radius be the seam mining degree of depth and The main ratio affecting angle tangent);
2) according to step 1) geological conditions of region, coal seam, mining area that obtains, mining plan, predicting parameters, employing is opened Adopt subsidence forecast system (known technology, based on probability integration process designed system) and carry out land subsidence simulation, obtain ground, mining area Table equivalent curve, maximum sinking value;
3) based on mining subsidence theory, according to step 1) natural conditions of the region, coal seam, mining area that obtains, anticipated ginseng Number, first determines the critical sinking corresponding to sinking, inclination, three depression parameters of horizontal distortion, facing of damage border of i.e. ploughing Boundary's sinking, the sinking that critical tilting value is corresponding, sinking that critical level deformation values is corresponding, then determine damage border, arable land Corresponding sinking;Specifically include:
3-1) determine that critical sinking is damaged in arable land: (surface subsidence, phreatic table is raised, when subsoil water buried depth is more than underground During water critical depth, soil moisture content increases, soil generation salination, and Farmland Productivity is produced impact.) define life of ploughing Force of labor starts the sinking producing impact and damages critical sinking for ploughing, and uses WpRepresent;This critical sinking WpAccording to mining area The critical depth of groundwater of ground elevation, wet season phreatic table absolute altitude and root of the crop layer in region, coal seam determine (due to The phreatic table absolute altitude of wet season, more than the phreatic table absolute altitude in dry season, damages critical sinking W so ploughingpShould determine that as abundance of water Phase critical sinking), i.e.
In formula (1): WpCritical sinking, unit m is damaged for ploughing;H0For ground elevation, unit m;Dive for the wet season Water level elevation, unit m;hFace and buryFor critical depth of groundwater, unit m;
3-2) determine the sinking that the critical tilting value of damage of ploughing is corresponding: Farmland Productivity is started to produce impact by definition Tilting value damages critical tilting value for ploughing, and uses ipRepresent;(inclination impact on ploughing predominantly earth's surface tilts the attached of generation Add the gradient and affect the growth of crops, so, plough and damage critical tilting value ipAcquisition can be determined by exploitation to farming Produce amount starts to produce the additional gradient of impact, is then converted into the tilting value of correspondence.) definition Farmland Productivity is started The additional gradient producing impact is the critical additional gradient, uses PFaceRepresent;(owing to different crops grows the requirement to the gradient not With, pre-existing topography gradient slope aspect is the most inconsistent) PFaceRequired and the pre-existing topography gradient by the ruling grade ensureing the crops not underproduction Slope aspect together decides on, i.e. formula (2), this critical additional gradient PFaceCorresponding tilting value is arable land and damages critical tilting value ip, I.e. formula (3):
PFace≤±PAgriculture-PGround (2)
ip=18 × PFace (3)
In above-mentioned formula: PFaceStart to produce the additional gradient affected, unit ° on Farmland Productivity for exploitation;PAgricultureFor ensureing agriculture The ruling grade requirement of the crop not underproduction, take when the additional gradient direction produced is identical with original place shape gradient direction "+", produce Additional gradient direction contrary with original place shape gradient direction time take "-", unit °;PGroundFor the initial land form gradient, unit °;ipIt is cultivated Critical tilting value, unit mm/m are damaged in ground;
According to mining subsidence theory, integrating step 1) the main radius of influence that obtains, step 2) maximum sinking value that obtains, By critical tilting value ipThe sinking W that critical tilting value is corresponding is converted to by integral operationip, it may be assumed that
W i p = W max π ∫ - ln ( i p r / w max ) ∞ e - λ 2 d λ - - - ( 4 )
In formula (4): WipThe sinking that critical tilting value is corresponding, unit m is damaged for ploughing;WmaxFor maximum sinking value, unit m;ipCritical tilting value, unit mm/m is damaged for ploughing;R is the main radius of influence, unit m;
3-3) determine the sinking that damage critical level deformation values of ploughing is corresponding: Farmland Productivity is started to produce shadow by definition The horizontal distortion value rung is damage critical level deformation values of ploughing, and uses εpRepresent;Critical level deformation values εpCan be by actual measurement Method, scale model method, empirical method and four kinds of methods of calculating method obtain;Wherein, measurement method is to obtain according to observation station of surface movement Surface cracks time of origin and observation data, try to achieve surface cracks critical level deformation values;Scale model method is by ground, colliery Matter condition is made model with analog material according to a certain percentage and is simulated exploitation, analyzes, speculates what actual earth's surface was likely to occur Surface cracks critical level deformation values;Empirical method is according to the local soil texture, structure, exploits destruction situation, or reference Existing observation station, mine data, empirically determines it may happen that the critical level deformation values of surface cracks;(Wu Kan teaches in Fuxin The surface cracks depth and width that the entitled exploitation that mining institute's (natural science edition) periodical is delivered causes are estimated to derive in a literary composition Going out plough damage horizontal distortion value computational methods) calculate method computing formula be:
εp=2 (1-μ2)·c·tg(45°+0.5φ)/E (5)
In formula (5): εpFor damage critical level deformation values of ploughing, unit mm/m;μ is the Poisson's ratio of soil;C is soil Cohesive strength, units MPa;φ is internal friction angle, unit °;E is elastic modelling quantity, units MPa;
According to mining subsidence theory, integrating step 1) displacement factor that obtains, step 2) maximum sinking value that obtains, By critical level deformation values εpThe sinking W that critical level deformation values is corresponding is converted to by integral operationεp, it may be assumed that
In formula (6): WεpFor the sinking that damage critical level deformation values of ploughing is corresponding, unit m;WmaxFor maximum sinking value, Unit m;εpFor damage critical level deformation values of ploughing, unit mm/m;B is displacement factor;R is the main radius of influence, single Position m;
3-4) determine sinking corresponding to damage border of ploughing: step 3-1) the critical sinking W that determinesp, step 3-2) Critical tilting value ipCorresponding sinking Wip, step 3-3) and critical level deformation values εpCorresponding sinking Wεp, in three The sinking that little value is damage border of ploughing corresponding (i.e. determines in sinking, inclination, three depression parameters of horizontal distortion and opens the earliest Begin the sinking produced Farmland Productivity corresponding to the parameter of impact), it may be assumed that
In formula (7): WgFor the sinking that damage border of ploughing is corresponding, unit: m;Min{} is for taking minima;
4) according to step 2) the mining area surface equivalent curve that determines and step 3) the damage border, arable land that determines is corresponding Sinking determine damage border of ploughing: according to step 2) equivalent curve that determines, in conjunction with step 3) arable land that determines damages Ruin the sinking W that border is correspondingg, it is worth and damages, for ploughing, the sinking W that border is correspondinggEquivalent curve i.e. be defined as plough damage Ruining border, the scope of its delineation is arable land damaged area.
Embodiment:
The present embodiment is high underground water mining area, the North China Plain, and in mining area, attitude of coal is mild, general 2~13 ° of inclination angle, knot Structure is simple, and the average buried depth in coal seam is at 240m~460m, and coal seam thickness is at about 28.3m.In mine field, physical features is smooth, ground Absolute altitude changes between+44m~+52m, is gradually lowered from North-East Bound southwest, and the gradient is the mildest.
The coal-mining subsidence based on depression parameter of the present embodiment is ploughed the determination method on damage border, its step such as Fig. 1 institute Show, including:
1) natural conditions of region, study area, geological conditions, mining plan and predicting parameters information are obtained: by receiving The data such as natural, the geology of collection region, study area, mining obtain the natural conditions in this region, geological conditions, mining plan And predicting parameters information;Wherein, earth's surface, study area absolute altitude changes between+44.0m~+52.0m, wet season phreatic table absolute altitude model Enclosing for+42.5~+50.4m, critical groundwater depth is 1.3m, and it is 0.5 ° that the ruling grade of the crops not underproduction requires;Coal seam Occurrence is mild, and general 2~13 ° of inclination angle, the average mining depth in coal seam is at 240m~460m, and coal seam thickness is at about 28.3m;Research District uses to combine to adopt and mines with method of putting of combining off the net;Subsidence coefficient is 0.88, displacement factor 0.3, mainly affects angle tangent 2.3, mining effect angle of propagation 90-0.65 α (α is seam inclination), deviation of inflection point is 0.036H (H is the seam mining degree of depth), The main radius of influence;
2) according to the geological conditions of region, coal seam, study area, mining plan, predicting parameters, prediction of mining subsidence is used System carries out land subsidence simulation, obtains study area surface subsidence contour, and earth's surface maximum sinking value is 6.012m;
3) sinking that damage border of ploughing is corresponding is determined:
3-1) determine that critical sinking is damaged in arable land: in study area, physical features is smooth, ground elevation H0Change in+44~+ 52m, rainy season the i.e. wet season phreatic table absolute altitude of phreatic table absolute altitudeScope is+42.5~+50.4m, and this region moisture is sufficient, soil Earth without salination, critical groundwater depth hFace and buryIt is about 1.3m.By ground elevation, wet season phreatic table absolute altitude and critical subsoil water The degree of depth substitutes into formula (1) and can obtain, and ploughs and damage critical sinking W in mining areapIt is 0.2~0.3m.
3-2) determine the sinking that the critical tilting value of damage of ploughing is corresponding: the former terrain slope in study area is the least, negligible, plants Grown prosperity, without soil erosion.Knowing according to on-site inspection, study area meets the ruling grade of the crops not underproduction and requires PAgricultureIt is 0.5 Former, understand according to formula (2), now, critical additional gradient PFaceIt it is 0.5 °;Can be obtained by formula (3) again, critical tilting value ipFor 9mm/m;By ipBring formula (4) into and be integrated computing, the sinking W corresponding to critical tilting value can be obtainedipFor 0.24m.
3-3) determine the sinking that damage critical level deformation values of ploughing is corresponding: in study area, unconsolidated formation is thicker, applies warp Testing method, by obtaining the Investigation on Data analysis of observation station, ore deposit side, horizontal distortion value starts crack occur when reaching 8mm/m, the most critical Horizontal distortion value εpFor 8mm/m;By εpBring formula (6) into and be integrated computing, the sinking corresponding to critical level deformation values can be obtained Value WεpFor 0.14m.
3-4) determine sinking corresponding to damage border of ploughing: contrast step 3-1) the critical sinking 0.2 that determines~ 0.3m, step 3-2) sinking 0.24m that critical tilting value is corresponding, step 3-3) sinking that critical level deformation values is corresponding 0.14m, minima 0.14m in three is to plough to damage the sinking that border is corresponding, i.e. study area coal mine subsidence land arable land is damaged First ruin border is to be affected by surface cracks produced by horizontal distortion.
4) according to step 2) the mining area surface equivalent curve that determines and step 3) the damage border, arable land that determines is corresponding Sinking determine damage border of ploughing: according to step 2) equivalent curve that determines, in conjunction with step 3) arable land that determines damages Ruin the sinking 0.14m that border is corresponding, be worth the equivalent curve for 0.14m and be i.e. defined as damage border of ploughing, the model of its delineation Enclose 1966.38hm2It is arable land damaged area.

Claims (3)

1. a coal-mining subsidence based on depression parameter is ploughed and is damaged the determination method on border, it is characterised in that the method includes Following steps:
1) natural conditions of region, coal seam, mining area, geological conditions, mining plan and predicting parameters information are obtained;
2) according to step 1) geological conditions of region, coal seam, mining area that obtains, mining plan, predicting parameters, use exploitation heavy Sunken Estimation System carries out land subsidence simulation, obtains mining area surface equivalent curve, maximum sinking value;
3) based on mining subsidence theory, according to step 1) natural conditions of region, coal seam, mining area that obtain, predicting parameters, first Determine the critical sinking corresponding to sinking, inclination, three depression parameters of horizontal distortion, the critical sinking on damage border of i.e. ploughing Value, sinking that critical tilting value is corresponding, sinking that critical level deformation values is corresponding, then determine that damage border, arable land is corresponding Sinking;
4) according to step 2) the mining area surface equivalent curve that determines and step 3) under the damage border of ploughing that determines is corresponding Heavy value determines damage border, arable land.
Determine method the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described step 3) specifically include:
3-1) determine the critical sinking of damage of ploughing: definition starts the sinking producing impact for arable land damage to Farmland Productivity Critical sinking, uses WpRepresent;This critical sinking WpGround elevation according to region, coal seam, mining area, wet season diving The critical depth of groundwater of position absolute altitude and root of the crop layer determines, i.e.
WP=H0-HQ is rich-hFace and bury (1)
In formula (1): WpCritical sinking, unit m is damaged for ploughing;H0For ground elevation, unit m;HQ is richFor wet season phreatic table Absolute altitude, unit m;hFace and buryFor critical depth of groundwater, unit m;
3-2) determine the sinking that the critical tilting value of damage of ploughing is corresponding: definition starts to produce the inclination of impact to Farmland Productivity Value damages critical tilting value for ploughing, and uses ipRepresent;Farmland Productivity is started to produce the additional gradient of impact for facing by definition The additional gradient in boundary, uses PFaceRepresent;PFaceRequired by the ruling grade ensureing the crops not underproduction and pre-existing topography gradient slope aspect is total to With determining, i.e. formula (2), this critical additional gradient PFaceCorresponding tilting value is arable land and damages critical tilting value ip, i.e. formula (3):
PFace≤±PAgriculture-PGround (2)
ip=18 × PFace (3)
In above-mentioned formula: PFaceStart to produce the additional gradient affected, unit ° on Farmland Productivity for exploitation;PAgricultureFor ensureing crops The ruling grade requirement of the not underproduction, take when the additional gradient direction produced is identical with original place shape gradient direction "+", generation attached Add gradient direction contrary with original place shape gradient direction time take "-", unit °;PGroundFor the initial land form gradient, unit °;ipDamage for ploughing Ruin critical tilting value, unit mm/m;
According to mining subsidence theory, integrating step 1) the main radius of influence that obtains, step 2) maximum sinking value that obtains, will face Boundary tilting value ipThe sinking W that critical tilting value is corresponding is converted to by integral operationip, it may be assumed that
W i p = W max π ∫ - ln ( i p r / w m a x ) ∞ e - λ 2 d λ - - - ( 4 )
In formula (4): WipThe sinking that critical tilting value is corresponding, unit m is damaged for ploughing;WmaxFor maximum sinking value, unit m;ip Critical tilting value, unit mm/m is damaged for ploughing;R is the main radius of influence, unit m;
3-3) determine the sinking that damage critical level deformation values of ploughing is corresponding: Farmland Productivity is started to produce impact by definition Horizontal distortion value is damage critical level deformation values of ploughing, and uses εpRepresent;Critical level deformation values εpCan pass through measurement method, Scale model method, empirical method and four kinds of methods of calculating method obtain;Wherein, measurement method is the ground obtained according to observation station of surface movement Table crack time of origin and observation data, try to achieve surface cracks critical level deformation values;Scale model method is by coal mining geology bar Part is made model with analog material according to a certain percentage and is simulated exploitation, analyzes, speculates the earth's surface that actual earth's surface is likely to occur Crack critical level deformation values;Empirical method is according to the local soil texture, structure, exploits destruction situation, or with reference to mine Existing observation station data, empirically determines it may happen that the critical level deformation values of surface cracks;The computing formula of calculating method is:
εp=2 (1-μ2)·c·tg(45°+0.5φ)/E (5)
In formula (5): εpFor damage critical level deformation values of ploughing, unit mm/m;μ is the Poisson's ratio of soil;C is the adhesive aggregation of soil Power, units MPa;φ is internal friction angle, unit °;E is elastic modelling quantity, units MPa;
According to mining subsidence theory, integrating step 1) displacement factor that obtains, step 2) maximum sinking value that obtains, will face Boundary's horizontal distortion value εpThe sinking W that critical level deformation values is corresponding is converted to by integral operationεp, it may be assumed that
In formula (6): WεpFor the sinking that damage critical level deformation values of ploughing is corresponding, unit m;WmaxFor maximum sinking value, unit m;εpFor damage critical level deformation values of ploughing, unit mm/m;B is displacement factor;R is the main radius of influence, unit m;
3-4) determine sinking corresponding to damage border of ploughing: step 3-1) the critical sinking W that determinesp, step 3-2) critical incline Inclined value ipCorresponding sinking Wip, step 3-3) and critical level deformation values εpCorresponding sinking Wεp, the minima in three is i.e. For the sinking that damage border of ploughing is corresponding, it may be assumed that
In formula (7): WgFor the sinking that damage border of ploughing is corresponding, unit: m;Min{} is for taking minima.
Determine method the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described step 4) specifically include:
According to step 2) equivalent curve that determines, in conjunction with step 3) sinking W corresponding to the damage border of ploughing that determinesg, value For the sinking W that damage border of ploughing is correspondinggEquivalent curve i.e. be defined as plough damage border, its delineation scope be Arable land damaged area.
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