CN106094694B - A kind of hot monitoring method based on underground substation - Google Patents

A kind of hot monitoring method based on underground substation Download PDF

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CN106094694B
CN106094694B CN201610677609.1A CN201610677609A CN106094694B CN 106094694 B CN106094694 B CN 106094694B CN 201610677609 A CN201610677609 A CN 201610677609A CN 106094694 B CN106094694 B CN 106094694B
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CN106094694A (en
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葛军凯
李题印
胡翔
屠永伟
易武
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Hangzhou Power Equipment Manufacturing Co Ltd
Hangzhou Power Supply Co of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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Hangzhou Power Supply Co of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06NCOMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
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Abstract

The hot monitoring method based on underground substation that the invention discloses a kind of, this method comprises: the environment around transformer and the transformer to underground substation detects, detection obtains the partial discharge amount Q of the transformerPD, humidity H, load current IloadWith air-conditioning power Pair‑con;Using BP neural network to the load current Iload, humidity H and air-conditioning power Pair‑conIt is analyzed, obtains the environment temperature T of the transformera;Using BP neural network to the load current Iload, partial discharge amount QPDWith environment temperature TaIt is analyzed, obtains the hot(test)-spot temperature T of the transformerhs.This method realizes the safety and reliability for improving underground substation.

Description

A kind of hot monitoring method based on underground substation
Technical field
The present invention relates to monitoring technical fields, more particularly to a kind of hot monitoring method based on underground substation.
Background technique
Currently, having used underground substation more and more due to the anxiety of land used.But heat dissipation is underground substation The hot(test)-spot temperature of the problem of most serious, especially transformer affects its service life and working condition.Dry-type transformer is applied to This kind of electric substation, for avoiding kindling and environmental pollution.Need to study heat dissipation and ventilation to prevent electrical equipment fault.Become The failure of depressor can damage other equipment not only to itself causing irreversible damage.Therefore, the temperature of transformer is analyzed Degree and the ambient conditions around it to ensure underground substation safety and reliably it is particularly significant.Transformer some Electromagnetic energy is converted into thermal energy, these thermal energy a part increase the temperature of transformer, and another part is dissipated in environment , for the safety and reliability of underground substation, need to carry out underground substation hot monitoring, heat monitoring becomes underground Electricity power equipment temperature and underground substation environment temperature monitoring.But now for the research of transformer, do not have also There is the comprehensive hot monitoring method for being directed to underground substation, under hot, moist and high salinity environment, underground substation Safety and reliability it is very low.
Summary of the invention
The hot monitoring method based on underground substation that the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of, to realize raising underground substation Safety and reliability.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of hot monitoring method based on underground substation, comprising:
The environment around transformer and the transformer to underground substation detects, and detection obtains the transformer Partial discharge amount QPD, humidity H, load current IloadWith air-conditioning power Pair-con
Using BP neural network to the load current Iload, humidity H and air-conditioning power Pair-conIt is analyzed, obtains institute State the environment temperature T of transformera
Using BP neural network to the load current Iload, partial discharge amount QPDWith environment temperature TaIt is analyzed, obtains institute State the hot(test)-spot temperature T of transformerhs
Preferably, the method also includes:
Calculate hot(test)-spot temperature ThsMore line probability and environment temperature TaMore line probability.
Preferably, the method also includes:
If hot(test)-spot temperature ThsMore line probability be greater than 60% or environment temperature TaMore line probability be greater than 60%, carry out early Phase early warning.
Preferably, the method also includes:
The remaining life of the transformer is estimated.
Preferably, the BP neural network that the BP neural network is three layers.
Preferably, the neuron number of the hidden layer of the BP neural network is l, whereinN is defeated Enter the number of the neuron of layer, m is the number of the neuron of output layer, and α is constant value.
Preferably, the environment around the transformer and the transformer to underground substation detects, and detects To the partial discharge amount Q of the transformerPD, humidity H, load current IloadWith air-conditioning power Pair-con, comprising:
Utilize TEV sensor measurement partial discharge amount QPD
Humidity H is measured using wireless sensor;
Load current I is measured using current transformerload
Utilize power meter measures air-conditioning power Pair-con
Preferably, environment temperature TaError meet normal distribution, hot(test)-spot temperature ThsError meet normal distribution.
A kind of hot monitoring method based on underground substation provided by the present invention, transformer and institute to underground substation The environment stated around transformer is detected, and detection obtains the partial discharge amount Q of the transformerPD, humidity H, load current IloadWith Air-conditioning power Pair-con;Using BP neural network to the load current Iload, humidity H and air-conditioning power Pair-conIt is analyzed, Obtain the environment temperature T of the transformera;Using BP neural network to the load current Iload, partial discharge amount QPDWith environment temperature Spend TaIt is analyzed, obtains the hot(test)-spot temperature T of the transformerhs.As it can be seen that this method gets the environment temperature and heat of transformer Point temperature realizes and the heat of underground substation is monitored that under hot, moist and high salinity environment, what can be integrated is directed to Underground substation carries out hot monitoring, improves the safety and reliability of underground substation.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this The embodiment of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis The attached drawing of offer obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the hot monitoring method based on underground substation provided by the present invention;
Fig. 2 is hot monitoring process schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram for obtaining hot(test)-spot temperature;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram for obtaining environment temperature;
Fig. 5 is the equivalent circuit loaded for the variable speed drives of frequency analysis;
Fig. 6 is the equivalent circuit of the electric substation loaded with variable speed drives;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that hot(test)-spot temperature is obtained when considering harmonic load.
Specific embodiment
Core of the invention is to provide a kind of hot monitoring method based on underground substation, to realize raising underground substation Safety and reliability.
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, below in conjunction in the embodiment of the present invention Attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art Every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 1, Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the hot monitoring method based on underground substation provided by the present invention, This method comprises:
S11: detecting the environment around the transformer and transformer of underground substation, and detection obtains the office of transformer High-volume QPD, humidity H, load current IloadWith air-conditioning power Pair-con
S12: using BP neural network to load current Iload, humidity H and air-conditioning power Pair-conIt is analyzed, is become The environment temperature T of depressora
S13: using BP neural network to load current Iload, partial discharge amount QPDWith environment temperature TaIt is analyzed, is become The hot(test)-spot temperature T of depressorhs
As it can be seen that this method gets the environment temperature and hot(test)-spot temperature of transformer, realizes and the heat of underground substation is supervised It surveys, under hot, moist and high salinity environment, the underground substation that is directed to that can be integrated carries out hot monitoring, improves underground and becomes Electricity safety and reliability.
It is further, further comprising the steps of based on the above method:
S21: hot(test)-spot temperature T is calculatedhsMore line probability and environment temperature TaMore line probability.
The calculating of out-of-limit probability is carried out on the basis of meeting normal distribution based on prediction error.Calculation formula is as follows:
Pij(Xa')=Pij(xi' > xi,lim-Δxi,j-1)=1-F (xi,lim-Δxi,j-1)
Formula X above 'aFor the predicted value of autocorrelation parameter, the importation of neural network, x ' are referred toiIt is cross-correlation coefficient Predicted value refers to the output valve of neural network.△xi,j-1It was the prediction error at a upper moment.xi,limIt is more limit value.From phase Closing parameter can be predicted by autoregression model.Calculate hot(test)-spot temperature ThsMore line probability, then the formula inside Parameter X 'aIt is substituted for hot(test)-spot temperature ThsIt is calculated.Calculate environment temperature TaMore line probability when, then the formula inside X 'aIt is substituted for environment temperature TaIt is calculated.
Further, if hot(test)-spot temperature ThsMore line probability be greater than 60% or environment temperature TaMore line probability be greater than 60%, carry out early warning.
Wherein, environment temperature TaError meet normal distribution, hot(test)-spot temperature ThsError meet normal distribution.
Further, the above method is further comprising the steps of:
S31: the remaining life of transformer is estimated.
The calculating of Facility Remainder Life, that is, remaining life is related with hot(test)-spot temperature.Here aging rate K is introduced:
Wherein, a and b is constant value, LnFor the life cycle of equipment.ThsIt is historical record value.In above formula absolutely for F grades The dry-type transformer of edge, value a=9.6 X 10-17, b=20475.A, value of the b under the class B insulations such as other is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
LnFor the life cycle of equipment.ThsIt is historical record value, it can be fitted to the function T about the timehs(t)。 From initial time to 0 to current time t1, the service life of equipment loss is Lloss, the remaining service life is Lres.Calculation formula is as follows:
Lres(t1)=Ln-Lloss(t1)
Specifically, the BP neural network that the BP neural network is three layers.
Wherein, the neuron number of the hidden layer of BP neural network is l, whereinN is input layer The number of neuron, m are the numbers of the neuron of output layer, and α is constant value.α is 1 to 10 constant.It is obtained most to compare Good hidden layer neuron number, the neural network under every kind of number will input 10 test datas, and overall error is the smallest for most It is good.
Specifically, the process of step S11 the following steps are included:
S1: TEV sensor measurement partial discharge amount Q is utilizedPD
S2: humidity H is measured using wireless sensor;
S3: load current I is measured using current transformerload
S4: power meter measures air-conditioning power P is utilizedair-con
Specifically, obtaining the environment temperature T of transformer in S12aIt is the following hot(test)-spot temperature, that is, the hot(test)-spot temperature predicted is One predicted value.The hot(test)-spot temperature T of transformer is obtained in step S13hsFor FUTURE ENVIRONMENT temperature, that is, the environment temperature predicted is One predicted value.
Detailed, step S11 is the process of temperature prediction to step S13, and step 21 and step S31 are to carry out reliability point The process of analysis.This method needs the parameter monitored to have: partial discharge amount QPD, hot(test)-spot temperature Ths, environment temperature Tambient, humidity H, load Electric current IloadWith air-conditioning power Pair-con.Herein, TaIt is environment temperature TambientAbbreviation, environment temperature TambientRefer to Ta.It include to the electric substation's environment temperature and wherein prediction technique of power equipment temperature in method, for the two parameters Out-of-limit method for calculating probability, the estimation method of Facility Remainder Life.With reference to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is hot monitoring process schematic diagram.
Wherein, the prediction of temperature has used 3 layers of BP neural network.Predict ThsBP neural network (HTBPNN) input have Iload、QPDAnd Ta, in addition delay unit shares 6 inputs, predict TaNeural network (ETBPNN) input have Iload、Pair- Con and H, in addition delay unit shares 6 inputs.Predict ThsBP neural network be referred to as HTBPNN, predict TaNerve net Network is referred to as ETBPNN, belongs to BP neural network, with reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.
Wherein, input/output argument is limited between 0.1 to 0.9, keeps the training of neural network more efficient.Parameter Standardisation process is realized by following formula:
Wherein xiFor true value, xmaxAnd xminFor the maximal and minmal value in all data.
Specifically, having used the i.e. multiple samples of multi-group data in the training process of neural network.Each group of data have Partial discharge amount QPD, humidity H, load current IloadWith air-conditioning power Pair-conWith the hot(test)-spot temperature T of subsequent timehs, subsequent time Environment temperature Tambient.First 4 are inputs as neural network, the desired output of both rear HTBPNN and ETBPNN respectively, Error desired output (measured value) is constituted with output layer output quantity (predicted value).A portion is used to training mind in these samples The link weight coefficients of each neuron are constantly corrected through network, another part is used to test, by obtained predicted value and practical survey Magnitude is compared, it can be deduced that the rule of prediction error distribution, calculating to probability of malfunction is temperature beyond limit probability calculation.This The ratio of two parts data is 3: 1.
Wherein, when considering that load harmonic influences, the input of HTBPNN will consider the excess loss that harmonic current generates more.
Specifically, temperature prediction is prediction hot(test)-spot temperature and environment temperature, BP neural network is used.The measurement side of parameter Formula: TEV sensor measurement partial discharge amount, PT100 temperature sensor measurement hot(test)-spot temperature, wireless sensor measure environment temperature and wet Degree, load current have current transformer measurement, and air-conditioning is active to use power meter measures.Fail-safe analysis includes life estimation and out-of-limit Probability calculation.When the probability that the predicted value of environment temperature or hot(test)-spot temperature is more than limits value is greater than 60%, it is pre- to carry out early stage It is alert.
When parameter be unsatisfactory for following three states for the moment, sound an alarm and take further step.
(1) no more than 40 degrees Celsius, the average temperature of air of daily ambient enviroment not surpass the temperature of cooling gas Cross 30 degrees Celsius;
(2) the per day relative humidity, that is, RHD of air is lower than 60%;
(3) hot(test)-spot temperature of transformer does not exceed 155 degrees Celsius, and maximum temperature rise, that is, knots modification does not exceed 100 is Celsius Degree.
Referring to Fig. 3, for predicting hot(test)-spot temperature ThsNeural network HTBPNN, input quantity Iload、QPDAnd Ta, Z-1It is to prolong Shi Danyuan.Thus the system of this entire hot monitoring process shares 6 inputs and 1 output.In the training process of neural network, The data of input are the value of these three parameters of the value and previous moment j-1 of this 3 parameters of a certain moment j, and desired output is the j moment Ths.After the completion of training, then with neural network carry out temperature prediction.I is inputted at this timeload、QPDAnd TaThe prediction of future time instance j The monitor value of value and current time j-1, obtains the hot(test)-spot temperature T of future time instancehs.For first closing parameter such as I certainlyload、Pair-con、 H etc., can be by autoregressive model prediction, can be first with ETBPNN to environment temperature TaHot(test)-spot temperature is predicted after being predicted again Ths.The structure and HTBPNN of ETBPNN is the same.
The air-conditioning equipment and water pump of underground substation are typical harmonic sources.Referring to Fig. 5, for the speed change for frequency analysis Drive the equivalent circuit of (ASD) load.Power grid alternating current forms the direct current of pulsation in the other side through over commutation, but exchanges side meeting Generate harmonic wave.The electric current of exchange side can be expressed as follows:
Formula I aboveChIndicate harmonic current vector, UkIndicate that voltage harmonic vector, * indicate conjugation, YC +And YC -Indicate coupling Harmonic admittance matrix.
Referring to Fig. 6, for the equivalent circuit of the electric substation loaded with variable speed drives, variable speed drives load is water pump of air conditioner. Electric current is made of harmonic load electric current and other load currents,
Above formula YLIt is the admittance matrix of normal load.Voltage can be expressed as:
Load terminal voltage can be calculated by harmonic power trend iterative algorithm according to above formula, so as to obtain Flow through the harmonic current of transformer.The summation of harmonic load electric current and other load currents is load current Iload
When transformer flows through harmonic current, it will generate additional energy loss.Referring to Fig. 7, to consider harmonic load When obtain the schematic diagram of hot(test)-spot temperature, it is seen that consider HTBPNN structure when harmonic load, therefore the input of HTBPNN will be added One △ P parameter, indicates the active consumption of harmonic current.△ P is consisted of three parts
Three component parts in above formula are respectively copper loss, eddy-current loss and the stray loss that harmonic wave generates.RdcFor transformation The DC losses resistance of device, h are overtone order.PECLAnd PSLThe respectively eddy-current loss and stray loss of rated condition.FECLWith FSLFor harmonic losses factor.
It is one with the temperature value that neural network prediction goes out for the probability distribution of environment temperature and hot(test)-spot temperature predicted value Fixed value, but according to the comparison of historical forecast and historical record data, it can be deduced that predict the probability distribution of error.Use nerve net The output of network is plus the probability distribution that can obtain predicted value after prediction error.There is hot(test)-spot temperature predicted value ratio when harmonic wave to have humorous Hot(test)-spot temperature predicted value when wave is higher.
A kind of hot monitoring method based on underground substation provided by the present invention is described in detail above.Herein In apply that a specific example illustrates the principle and implementation of the invention, the explanation of above example is only intended to sides Assistant solves method and its core concept of the invention.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, not , can be with several improvements and modifications are made to the present invention under the premise of being detached from the principle of the invention, these improvement and modification are also fallen into In the protection scope of the claims in the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of hot monitoring method based on underground substation characterized by comprising
The environment around transformer and the transformer to underground substation detects, and detection obtains the office of the transformer High-volume QPD, humidity H, load current IloadWith air-conditioning power Pair-con
Using BP neural network to the load current Iload, humidity H and air-conditioning power Pair-conIt is analyzed, obtains the change The environment temperature T of depressora
Using BP neural network to the load current Iload, partial discharge amount QPDWith environment temperature TaIt is analyzed, obtains the transformation The hot(test)-spot temperature T of devicehs
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include:
Calculate hot(test)-spot temperature ThsMore line probability and environment temperature TaMore line probability;
Wherein, the calculating of out-of-limit probability is carried out on the basis of meeting normal distribution based on prediction error;Calculation formula is as follows: Pij(X′a)=Pij(x′i> xi,lim-Δxi,j-1)=1-F (xi,lim-Δxi,j-1);
Formula X above 'aFor the predicted value of autocorrelation parameter, the importation of neural network, x ' are referred toiIt is the prediction of cross-correlation coefficient Value, refers to the output valve of neural network, △ xi,j-1It was the prediction error at a upper moment, xi,limIt is that more limit value, auto-correlation are joined Number can be predicted by autoregression model, as calculating hot(test)-spot temperature ThsMore line probability, then the parameter inside the formula X’aIt is substituted for hot(test)-spot temperature ThsIt is calculated, as calculating environment temperature TaMore line probability when, then the X ' inside the formulaaReplacement At environment temperature TaIt is calculated.
3. method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that further include:
If hot(test)-spot temperature ThsMore line probability be greater than 60% or environment temperature TaMore line probability be greater than 60%, carry out early stage it is pre- It is alert.
4. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include:
Estimated using remaining life of the life formula to the transformer;
Wherein, the life formula are as follows:
In formula, LnFor the life cycle of equipment, ThsIt (t) is historical record value ThsThe function about the time being fitted to, LlossFor From initial time to 0 to current time t1The service life of equipment loss, LresFor from initial time to 0 to current time t1The remaining longevity Life.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the BP neural network that the BP neural network is three layers.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the neuron number of the hidden layer of the BP neural network is l, Wherein,N is the number of the neuron of input layer, and m is the number of the neuron of output layer, and α is constant value.
7. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described all to the transformer of underground substation and the transformer The environment enclosed is detected, and detection obtains the partial discharge amount Q of the transformerPD, humidity H, load current IloadWith air-conditioning power Pair-con, comprising:
Utilize TEV sensor measurement partial discharge amount QPD
Humidity H is measured using wireless sensor;
Load current I is measured using current transformerload
Utilize power meter measures air-conditioning power Pair-con
8. method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 7 in one of claims, which is characterized in that environment temperature TaError meet normal state point Cloth, hot(test)-spot temperature ThsError meet normal distribution.
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CN112560345B (en) * 2020-12-16 2022-12-06 中国电建集团河北省电力勘测设计研究院有限公司 Design method of underground electric power space ventilation system

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