CN106092901B - A kind of acoustical signal detector and reflecting light sonomicroscope based on surface wave - Google Patents
A kind of acoustical signal detector and reflecting light sonomicroscope based on surface wave Download PDFInfo
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- CN106092901B CN106092901B CN201610397108.8A CN201610397108A CN106092901B CN 106092901 B CN106092901 B CN 106092901B CN 201610397108 A CN201610397108 A CN 201610397108A CN 106092901 B CN106092901 B CN 106092901B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/1702—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated with opto-acoustic detection, e.g. for gases or analysing solids
Abstract
The present invention is suitable for photoacoustic imaging acoustic pressure detection technique field, provide a kind of acoustical signal detector and reflecting light sonomicroscope based on surface wave, the acoustical signal detector includes the prism with two planes being parallel to each other, a plane in two to be parallel to each other the plane is coated with film, and the film is used to detect the photoacoustic signal transmitted through medium.Method of the acoustical signal detector due to using optical sensing refractive index so that object under test has the characteristics that label-free, contactless sensing detection, and can be realized detective bandwidth, detect sensitive advantage.This acoustical signal detector based on surface wave is applied in reflecting light sonomicroscope, the image checking of biological living may be implemented.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to photoacoustic imaging acoustic pressure detection technique field more particularly to a kind of acoustical signal detections based on surface wave
Device and reflecting light sonomicroscope.
Background technique
The extraction that sound pressure signal is carried out using piezoelectric method (instrument is referred to as ultrasonic transducer) is current mainstream, many classes
Topic group carries out the research of photoacoustic imaging using Piezoelectric detector, achieves plentiful and substantial research achievement.Although technology development is opposite
Mature, application surface is also very extensive, but it is difficult to the shortcomings that overcoming there is also some.For example, the technology not can be implemented simultaneously Gao Ling
Sensitivity, high-frequency detection.Ultrasonic signal is received using piezo-electric crystal, sensitivity and reception frequency are conflicting, piezoelectricity
The smaller reception frequency of the area of crystal is higher, and corresponding is that sensitivity is lower.Piezoelectric detector cannot achieve a detection,
The signal that it is detected is the average effect of piezo-electric crystal area.The pickup of photoacoustic signal is carried out using piezo-electric crystal, it is necessary to
Between sample and probe, restricted by piezoelectric material attribute itself, the generally existing surveying tape width of ultrasonic transducer (about 40~
60MHz) low with sensitivity (noise equivalent sound pressure: several hundred~Shang kPa) the shortcomings that.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in provide a kind of acoustical signal detector based on surface wave and reflective
Photoacoustic microscope, it is intended to solve the problems, such as existing detector surveying tape width.
The invention is realized in this way a kind of acoustical signal detector based on surface wave, including having be parallel to each other two
The prism of a plane, a plane in two to be parallel to each other the plane are coated with film, and the film is for detecting through being situated between
The photoacoustic signal of matter transmission.
Further, the film is metallic film or graphene film.
The present invention also provides a kind of acoustical signal detector based on surface wave, including multimode fibre, the multimode fibre packet
The fibre core for including covering and being placed in covering, the fibre core of the multimode fibre have one to put down with the multimode fibre length extending direction
Capable section, the covering have one the section is made to be exposed to the notch outside the covering, and the section is located at the notch
Locate, film is coated on the section, the film is used to detect the photoacoustic signal transmitted through medium.
Further, the film is metallic film or graphene film.
The reflecting light sonomicroscope of the present invention also provides a kind of acoustic pressure detector based on surface wave, including it is reflective aobvious
Speck mirror harmony signal sensor；
The catoptric micro objective is placed in the top of the acoustical signal detector, and the laser for emitting laser source gathers
Coke is irradiated on object under test, so that the object under test absorbs the laser and generates photoacoustic signal, the photoacoustic signal is anti-
Enter the acoustical signal detector after reflecting to the medium being transferred through above object under test；
The acoustical signal detector is placed in the top of the object under test and is located at the lower section of the catoptric micro objective,
For detect through medium transmit photoacoustic signal, and according to the photoacoustic signal generate object under test for make object under test at
The detection of picture is composed.
Further, the acoustical signal detector is that lower planes are parallel and lower plane is coated with the prism of film or is coated with
The multimode fibre of film, the film are used to detect the photoacoustic signal transmitted through medium；
The multimode fibre includes covering and the fibre core that is placed in covering, the fibre core of the multimode fibre have one with it is described
The parallel section of multimode fibre length extending direction, the covering have one the section is made to be exposed to lacking outside the covering
Mouthful, the section is located at the indentation, there, and the film is plated on the section.
Further, the reflecting light sonomicroscope further includes excitation light path component and detection optical path component；
The excitation light path component focuses on the object under test for emission pulse laser, to excite object under test to produce
Third contact of a total solar or lunar eclipse acoustical signal；
The detection optical path component is incident on the acoustical signal detector for issuing continuous laser to carry out in complete instead
It penetrates, and detects the variations in refractive index of the reflected light signal after total internal reflection.
Further, the excitation light path component includes tunable laser, diaphragm, expand device, focuses coupled lens
With the first single mode optical fiber；
The tunable laser is for generating pulse laser；
The diaphragm is placed in the front of the tunable laser, for adjusting the beam size of pulse laser；
The expand device is used to expand the light beam of the pulse laser come out from the diaphragm；
The coupled lens that focus are placed in the front of the expand device, for will by the widened pulse laser of light beam into
Line focusing coupling；
First single mode optical fiber is placed in the front for focusing coupled lens, for that will focus the pulse laser after coupling
It is transferred on the catoptric micro objective.
Further, the excitation light path component further includes plane electro-optical device peace face mirror；
The plane electro-optical device is placed in the front of the single mode optical fiber, the laser for exporting first single mode optical fiber
Source expands into directrix plane light；
The plane mirror is placed in the front of the plane electro-optical device, enables pulse laser for changing the direction of pulse laser
It enters on the catoptric micro objective.
Further, the detection optical path component includes laser, wave plate, the first focusing coupled lens, the second single-mode optics
Fine, the first collimation coupler, the second collimation coupler, third single mode optical fiber, second focus coupled lens, polarization beam apparatus peace
Weigh detector；A sink is placed in the lower section of the acoustical signal detector, and the object under test is placed in the lower section of the sink；
The laser is for generating continuous laser；
The wave plate is placed in the front of the laser, for the continuous laser to be tuned into rotatory polarization；
The first focusing coupled lens are placed in the front of the wave plate, for rotatory polarization to be focused coupling；
Second single mode optical fiber is placed in the described first front for focusing coupled lens, continuous after coupling for that will focus
Laser is transmitted；
The first, second collimation coupler is placed in the two sides of the acoustical signal detector, the first collimation coupler
For the light come out from second single mode optical fiber to be carried out collimation coupling, the second collimation coupler is used for will be from the sound
The light come out in signal sensor is output to the third single mode optical fiber after carrying out collimation coupling；
The third single mode optical fiber is used for transmission the reflected light come out from the second collimation coupler；
The second focusing coupled lens are used to the reflected light being focused coupling；
The polarization beam apparatus is used to for the reflected light being focused after coupling being split, and is divided into P-polarized light and S-polarization
Light；
After the balanced detector is placed in the polarization beam apparatus, for detecting the P-polarized light and the S polarized light
Refractive index variable quantity.
Further, the detection optical path component includes plane mirror, and the plane mirror is placed in the side of polarization beam apparatus, is used
In the direction for the S polarized light that adjustment comes out from the polarization beam apparatus.
Further, the acoustic pressure detector further includes imaging device, and the imaging device is according to the balanced detector
The refractive index variable quantity detected generates the photoacoustic imaging perspective view of object under test.
Further, the reflecting light sonomicroscope further includes three-D electric platform, the catoptric micro objective and
The acoustical signal detector is fixedly arranged on three-D electric platform.
Compared with prior art, the present invention beneficial effect is: the acoustical signal detector based on surface wave will be thin
Film is plated on a face in two planes being parallel to each other on prism, and film is enabled to detect the optoacoustic letter by medium transmission
Number, the variation of the photoacoustic signal reflects the variation of refractive index, so as to realize a detection.The acoustical signal detector is due to adopting
With the method for optical sensing refractive index, so that object under test has the characteristics that label-free, contactless sensing detection, and energy
Enough realize the sensitive advantage of detective bandwidth, detection.This acoustical signal detector based on surface wave is applied to reflective optoacoustic to show
In micro mirror, the image checking of biological living may be implemented.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the acoustical signal detector provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on surface wave；
Fig. 2 is the knot of the reflecting light sonomicroscope of the acoustical signal detector provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on surface wave
Structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is another structural schematic diagram of the acoustical signal detector based on surface wave；
Fig. 4 is the photoacoustic signal schematic diagram measured using the acoustical signal detector of the invention based on surface wave；
Fig. 5 is the frequency spectrum of laser acoustics range signal detected using the acoustical signal detector of the invention based on surface wave
Figure；
Fig. 6 is the people detected using the reflecting light sonomicroscope of the acoustical signal detector of the invention based on surface wave
The photoacoustic imaging schematic diagram of body hair sample.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
A kind of acoustical signal detector based on surface wave is mutually flat including having the prism for two planes being parallel to each other
A plane in two capable planes is coated with film, and film is used to detect the photoacoustic signal transmitted through medium.
The acoustical signal detector based on surface wave is based on total internal reflection principle, senses original using surface wave high sensitivity
Reason can detect the light transmitted through medium using the film for being plated on one of plane in two planes being parallel to each other
Acoustical signal.
In the present embodiment, film is metallic film or graphene film.Prism be bench-type prism, the bench-type prism it is transversal
Face is round or rectangle, and longitudinal section is trapezoidal.The base material that metallic film or graphene film are generated as surface wave, surface
The thickness of metallic film and the thickness of graphene film can be replaced, and different thin film layer thickness can have shadow to highest detection sensitivity
It rings.Metallic film can be golden film, silverskin etc., it is preferred that the thickness of the metal film plated about 45nm.Graphene film can divide
It is deposited for multilayer, it is preferred that graphene film has the graphene that is of five storeys, with a thickness of 1.7nm.
As shown in figure 3, a kind of acoustical signal detector based on surface wave, including multimode fibre 301, multimode fibre 301 wrap
The fibre core 303 of the fibre core 303 for including covering 302 and being placed in covering 302, multimode fibre 301 has one and 301 length of multimode fibre
The parallel section 304 of extending direction, covering 302 have a notch 305, and section 304 is located at notch 305, and notch 305 makes section
304 are exposed to outside, and film is coated on section 304, and film is used to detect the photoacoustic signal transmitted through medium.
In the present embodiment, film is metallic film or graphene film.Metallic film or graphene film are as surface wave
The base material of generation, the thickness of surface metal film and the thickness of graphene film can be set as different according to practical application
Value, different thin film layer thickness can have an impact to highest detection sensitivity.Metallic film can be golden film, silverskin etc., it is preferred that
The thickness of the metal film plated about 45nm.Graphene film can be divided into multilayer and is deposited, it is preferred that graphene film has
5 layers of graphene, with a thickness of 1.7nm.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the reflection for the acoustic pressure detector based on surface wave that one of embodiment of the present invention provides
The structural schematic diagram of formula photoacoustic microscope is somebody's turn to do the acoustic pressure detector based on surface wave, including 101 harmony of catoptric micro objective letter
Number detector 102.Catoptric micro objective 101 is placed in the top of acoustical signal detector 102, the laser for emitting laser source
On focusing illumination to object under test 103.Object under test 103 absorbs laser and generates photoacoustic signal, photoacoustic signal reverse transfer warp
The medium crossed above object under test occurs to reflect laggard entering tone signal sensor 102.Object under test 103 in Fig. 1 is with mouselet
Illustrate as one, but is not limited to mouselet, which can be biological thick sample, biopsy samples, such as: it is various thin
Born of the same parents, various animals etc..Acoustical signal detector 102 is placed in the top of object under test 103, for detecting the optoacoustic letter through medium transmission
Number, and composed according to the detection that photoacoustic signal generates object under test 103, detection spectrum may be used to object under test imaging.The base
It is not interfere with each other in the integrally-built excitation of the reflecting light sonomicroscope of the acoustic pressure detector of surface wave with photoacoustic signal is received.
Acoustical signal detector 102 can and one of plane parallel for lower planes be coated with the prism of film, alternatively, can
To be the multimode fibre for being coated with film.The prism can be bench-type prism, and film can be plated on the lower plane of bench-type prism, or
Person, film are plated in the core cross sections of multimode fibre.Film is metallic film or graphene film.
The base material that metallic film or graphene film are generated as surface wave, the thickness and graphite of surface metal film
The thickness of alkene film can be replaced, and different thin film layer thickness can have an impact to highest detection sensitivity.Metallic film can be gold
Film, silverskin etc., it is preferred that the thickness of the metal film plated about 45nm.Graphene film can be divided into multilayer and is deposited, preferably
, graphene film has the graphene that is of five storeys, with a thickness of 1.7nm.
Using metallic film as the base material for generating surface wave, i.e., metallic film is plated on bench-type prism or single-mode optics
On fine surface, SPR difference photo-acoustic detection theory detection sensitivity can be made to can reach 10-8RIU corresponds in water
The sound pressure variations of 0.07Pa, much higher than the detection sensitivity of existing ultrasonic transducer.Meanwhile exciting the response time of SPR is to receive
Second-time, corresponding ideal frequency bandwidth can reach 1000MHz, also be much higher than the frequency response width of existing ultrasonic transducer.
Graphene film has better pyroconductivity, bigger thermal damage's threshold value compared to metallic film, is more suitable for Gao Gong
Excitaton source of the rate pulse laser as photoacoustic signal.Also, graphene film has higher free electron compared to metallic film
Density, thus graphene for light soak time response faster, can reach picosecond or even femtosecond magnitude, corresponding ideal
Frequency bandwidth is wider.
As shown in figure 3, multimode fibre 301 includes covering 302 and the fibre core 303 being placed in covering, the fibre of multimode fibre 301
Core 303 has a section 304 parallel with 301 length extending direction of multimode fibre, and covering 302 has a notch 305, section
304 are located at notch 305, and notch 305 makes section 304 be exposed to 302 outside of covering, and film is plated on section 304.Specifically
, the covering 302 of multimode fibre 301 is sectioned one section along the direction vertical with length, exposes the outer surface of fibre core 302
Come, the outer surface of exposed fibre core 302 can be outside the half of the corresponding fibre core 303 of one section of covering 302 sectioned
Surface, one third outer surface etc..Then exposed fibre core 302 is sectioned along the length direction of multimode fibre 301 again,
Obtained section 304 is parallel with the length extending direction of multimode fibre 301, then metallic film or stone are plated on section 304
Black alkene film.
Laser aggregation is irradiated to object under test using catoptric micro objective by the acoustical signal detector based on surface wave
On 103, so that object under test 103 absorbs laser and generates photoacoustic signal, then detected again using acoustical signal detector through medium
The photoacoustic signal reflected is transmitted, and is composed according to the detection that the photoacoustic signal after the refraction generates object under test.Sound letter
The method of number detector due to using optical sensing refractive index, so that object under test has label-free, contactless sensing
Detection feature, and can be realized detective bandwidth, detect sensitive advantage.
Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is that the present invention is based on the reflecting light sonomicroscope structural representations of the acoustic pressure detector of surface wave
Figure, which includes catoptric micro objective 101, acoustical signal detector 102, excitation light path component and detection
Optical path component.
Catoptric micro objective 101 is placed in the top of acoustical signal detector 102, is used for laser focusing illumination to determinand
On body 103.Object under test 103 absorbs laser and generates photoacoustic signal, and photoacoustic signal reverse transfer is after medium reflects
Into acoustical signal detector 102.
Acoustical signal detector 102 is placed in the top of object under test 103, for detecting the photoacoustic signal transmitted through medium, and
The detection spectrum of object under test 103 is generated according to photoacoustic signal.Detecting light path devices 102 is to be coated with bench-type prism or the plating of film
There is a single mode optical fiber 301 of film, film is plated on the lower surface of bench-type prism or film is plated on the fibre core 303 of single mode optical fiber 301
On section.Film is metallic film or graphene film.It is real that point about metallic film or graphene film please refers to upper one
Example is applied, details are not described herein.
Excitation light path component focuses on object under test 103 for emission pulse laser, to excite object under test 103 to generate
Photoacoustic signal.
Excitation light path component includes tunable laser 104, diaphragm 105, expand device 106, focuses 107 and of coupled lens
First single mode optical fiber 108.
Tunable laser 104 is used for photoacoustic imaging for generating pulse laser, pulse laser.As one of example
Son, the wavelength of the pulse laser is 532nm, pulse width 1.8ns, and the pulse laser of other wavelength and pulse width can also be with
Realize that photoacoustic imaging needs to be adjusted according to the wavelength and pulse width of pulse laser other during photoacoustic imaging
The parameter of optical device.
Diaphragm 105 is placed in the front of tunable laser 104, for adjusting the beam size of pulse laser.
Expand device 106 is used to expand the light beam of the pulse laser come out from diaphragm 105.Expand device 106 is wrapped
Include lens 1061, pinhole lens 1062 and lens 1063.
The front that coupled lens 107 are placed in expand device 106 is focused, for that will carry out by the widened pulse laser of light beam
Focus coupling.
First single mode optical fiber 108 is placed in the front for focusing coupled lens 107, passes for that will focus the pulse laser after coupling
It is defeated on catoptric micro objective 101.The laser of first single mode optical fiber 108 is exported from fiber port 111.Utilize optical fiber
Coupled transfer is carried out to pulse laser, is exactly to be guaranteed during platform scanner is imaged, light using the stability of optical fiber transmission
Signal includes catoptric micro objective 101 in the core of system, is not changed in bench-type prism, so as to guarantee equal
Photoacoustic imaging is realized under the conditions of one.
Excitation light path component further includes plane electro-optical device 109 and plane mirror 110.Plane electro-optical device 109 is placed in single mode optical fiber
108 front, the laser source for exporting the first single mode optical fiber 108 expand into directrix plane light.Plane mirror 110 is placed in planar light
The front of device 109 can enter on catoptric micro objective 101 for changing the direction of pulse laser.
Pulse laser is by diaphragm 105, expand device 106 and after focusing coupled lens 107, into the anti-of high-NA
Catoptric micro objective 101 is used as excitaton source, generates sound pressure signal.The generation of sound pressure signal is since pulse laser is through high numerical aperture
The catoptric micro objective 101 of diameter focuses on object under test 103, and sample is generated by absorbing because of instantaneous thermoelastic effect
Broadband setting-up wave (i.e. photoacoustic signal).The photoacoustic signal of generation is transmitted to the surface of acoustical signal detector 102 by medium, causes
The variation of refractive index.The medium can be air, liquid, for example, water, oil, solution etc..Variations in refractive index is since acoustical signal is drawn
The minor change of Media density is played, for example, water or air, the variation of material density, one of performance are exactly the variation of refractive index.
Detection optical path component is incident on acoustical signal detector 102 for issuing continuous laser to carry out total internal reflection, and
Detect the variations in refractive index of the reflected light signal after total internal reflection.
Detection optical path component includes laser 201, wave plate 202, first focusing coupled lens 203, the second single mode optical fiber
204, the first collimation coupler 205, second collimates coupler 206, third single mode optical fiber 207, second focuses coupled lens 208,
Polarization beam apparatus 210 and balanced detector 211.A sink 213 is placed in the lower section of acoustical signal detector 102, and object under test 103 is set
In the lower section of sink 213.
Laser 201 is for generating continuous laser.
Wave plate 202 is placed in the front of laser 201, and for continuous laser to be tuned into rotatory polarization, which can be four
/ mono- wave plate.
First focusing coupled lens 203 are placed in the front of wave plate 202, for rotatory polarization to be focused coupling.
Second single mode optical fiber 204 is placed in the front of the first focusing coupled lens 203, continuous sharp after coupling for that will focus
Light is transmitted.The laser of second single mode optical fiber 204 is exported from fiber port 217.Continuous laser is coupled into light
Fibre realizes optical fiber transmission, focuses on the surface of acoustical signal detector 102.
First, second collimation coupler 205,206 is placed in the two sides of acoustical signal detector 102.First collimation coupler 205
For the light come out from the second single mode optical fiber 204 to be carried out collimation coupling.Second collimation coupler 206 from acoustical signal for that will visit
It surveys after the light come out in device 102 carries out collimation coupling and is output to third single mode optical fiber 207.
Third single mode optical fiber 207 is used for transmission the reflected light come out from the second collimation coupler 206.Third single mode optical fiber
207 laser is exported from fiber port 216.In detection optical path, the second single mode optical fiber 204, third single-mode optics are utilized
Fibre 207 and first, second collimation coupler 205,206 carry out coupled transfer, optical fiber transmit so that continuous laser have stability,
To ensure that in platform scanner imaging process, optical signal includes 101 harmony of catoptric micro objective in the core of system
Do not change in signal sensor 102, to guarantee to realize photoacoustic imaging under the conditions of uniform.
Second focusing coupled lens 208 are used to reflected light being focused coupling.
Polarization beam apparatus 210 is used to for the reflected light being focused after coupling being split, and is divided into P-polarized light and S-polarization
Light.
After balanced detector 211 is placed in polarization beam apparatus 210, for detecting the variations in refractive index of P-polarized light and S polarized light
Amount.
Detecting optical path component can also include plane mirror 209, and plane mirror 209 is placed in the side of polarization beam apparatus, for adjusting
The direction of the whole S polarized light come out from polarization beam apparatus 210.
Continuous laser is modulated into rotatory polarization by quarter-wave plate 202, focuses coupled lens 203 through first and focuses coupling
It closes, is transmitted using the second single mode optical fiber 204, be incident on the surface of bench-type prism, using total internal reflection, detect the anti-of feux rouges
Optical signal is penetrated, reflected light is transmitted using third single mode optical fiber 207, and second, which focuses coupled lens 208, focuses coupling, polarization beam splitting
Device 210 divides for P polarization and S-polarization two parts light, and balanced detector 211 is utilized to detect P-polarization component and S-polarization in circularly polarized light
The intensity difference of component realizes the measurement of the variations in refractive index of bench-type prism surface, by detecting P and S polarized light in optical path altogether
The intensity of component realizes Differential Detection, can effectively reduce environmental disturbances, including the unstable of laser, environmental vibration, temperature
The influence of the factors such as degree variation, improves the detection sensitivity of system.
Acoustic pressure detector further includes imaging device 212, control data card 215 and three-dimensional platform, and imaging device 212 is according to flat
The refractive index variable quantity that weighing apparatus detector 211 detects generates the photoacoustic imaging perspective view of object under test, which can be
Desktop computer, laptop etc..The three-dimensional platform can be three-D electric platform, be also possible to three-dimensional manual platform.Reflection
The devices such as formula microcobjective 101, acoustical signal detector 102 are fixedly arranged on three-D electric platform.The light of 214 part of dotted line frame in figure
Learn device catoptric micro objective 101, acoustical signal detector 102, plane electro-optical device 109, the collimation coupling of plane mirror 110, first
Device 205, second collimates coupler 206 and sink 213 and can be fixedly arranged on three-D electric platform.Control data card 215 at
As the connection of device 212, for controlling the high precision movement of three-dimensional platform, and control tunable laser 104 and balance detection
Device 211, to ensure the synchronization between three-dimensional platform, tunable laser 104 and balanced detector 211.Imaging device 212 is also used
It is stored and is analyzed in control data.Photoacoustic imaging, the three-D electric are realized by the 3-D scanning of three-D electric platform
Platform has the advantages that scanning range is big, suitable for biological thick sample, the photoacoustic imaging of biopsy samples.
During photoacoustic imaging, object under test 103 is placed below scanning platform, and object under test 103 can be living body
Tissue sample.Using three-D electric platform scanner, light focusing illumination is realized in the different parts of object under test 103, when pulse swashs
Light focuses excitation object under test 103 through catoptric micro objective 101, generates photoacoustic signal, optoacoustic since object under test 103 absorbs
Signal reverse transfer enters the surface that sink 213 is transmitted to acoustical signal detector 102 through water, causes the faint change of surface refractive index
Change, because pulsed optical signals will not cause the variation of surface refractive index, can be obtained by the variation of detection surface refractive index
To exact photoacoustic signal.Since 102 different parts of acoustical signal detector are not identical for light absorption, varying strength can be generated
The photoacoustic signal of sound spectrum.The photoacoustic signal of varying strength causes the variation of surface refractive index size, the photoacoustic signal of different sound spectrums
Also the time response of variations in refractive index can be caused different.Using acoustical signal detector 102 detect refractive index size variation amount and when
Between response characteristic, so as to analyze the material composition of object under test 103.Using three-dimensional platform, longitudinal scanning be may be implemented
The detection of object under test 103 in same depth plane, imaging point are realized in the detection of different depth object under test 103, transversal scanning
Resolution is determined by three-dimensional platform precision and photoacoustic signal detection spectrum width, combines the scanning information of 103 different parts of object under test
It can realize a secondary complete photoacoustic imaging perspective view.As shown in figure 4, measured for the acoustical signal detector based on surface wave
Photoacoustic signal schematic diagram, as shown in figure 5, for the optoacoustic letter detected using the acoustical signal detector of the invention based on surface wave
Number spectral range schematic diagram.
The reflecting light sonomicroscope of acoustic pressure detector based on surface wave can be divided into excitation light path component and detection light
Road component, excitation light path part is mainly by tunable laser 104, diaphragm 105, expand device 106, focusing coupled lens 107
With the equal optical devices composition of the first single mode optical fiber 108, detection light path part is mainly focused by laser 201, wave plate 202, first
Coupled lens 203, the second single mode optical fiber 204, first collimation coupler 205, second collimate coupler 206, third single mode optical fiber
207, second the optical devices such as coupled lens 208, polarization beam apparatus 210 and balanced detector 211 composition is focused.
Pulse laser in excitation light path comes out from tunable laser 104, by diaphragm, expands, fiber coupling, single mode
Optical fiber transmission, plane mirror are reflected into catoptric micro objective 101.Pulse laser passes through the reflective micro- object of high-NA
Mirror 101 focuses excitation object under test 103, and the broadband ultrasonic wave (i.e. photoacoustic signal) generated using instantaneous thermoelastic effect is used
Pulsed light excitation, be due to acoustical signal is a wide range signal, can be by detecting time response of photoacoustic signal, when utilization
Domain-frequency domain mutation analysis obtains the entire wide range information of photoacoustic signal.Incident laser will have significant portion to be absorbed or penetrate
Object under test 103, if object under test 103 belongs to thin layer or transparent volumetric laser and will penetrate, reflection ratio is smaller, and generates
Photoacoustic signal substantially belong to each to symport, pass through the photoacoustic signal that detection optical path detects reverse transfers, maximum advantage
It is that the detection of living body thickness sample can may be implemented to avoid the interference of the laser in excitation light path.It detects in optical path, continuous laser
It is modulated into rotatory polarization by quarter wave plate 202, line focus coupling is transmitted using single mode optical fiber, is incident on desk-top prism surface, benefit
With total internal reflection, the reflected light signal of feux rouges, reflected light line focus coupling are detected, third single mode optical fiber 207 transmits, polarization beam splitting
Device 210 divides for P polarization and S-polarization two parts light, and balanced detector 211 is utilized to detect P-polarization component and S-polarization in circularly polarized light
The intensity difference of component realizes the measurement of the variations in refractive index of bench-type prism surface, by detecting P and S polarized light in optical path altogether
The intensity of component realizes Differential Detection, can effectively reduce environmental disturbances, improve the detection sensitivity of system.Due to bench-type rib
The surface of mirror or the 303 section metal-coated films of fibre core or graphene film of single mode optical fiber 301, can further increase by surface
The reflected intensity of two kinds of polarized light components caused by faint variations in refractive index is poor, plays the role of amplified signal, improves detection spirit
Sensitivity.As shown in fig. 6, the human body detected for the reflecting light sonomicroscope using the acoustical signal detector based on surface wave
The photoacoustic imaging schematic diagram of hair sample.
The reflecting light sonomicroscope of acoustical signal detector based on surface wave of the invention uses catoptric micro objective
Laser aggregation is irradiated on object under test 103, so that object under test 103 absorbs laser and generates photoacoustic signal, is then adopted again
The photoacoustic signal reflected is transmitted through medium with the detection of acoustical signal detector 102, and is generated according to the photoacoustic signal after refraction
The detection of object under test is composed.Optical surface wave sensing technology realizes have using the method for optical sensing refractive index in the present invention
Label-free, contactless sensing detection feature can be widely applied to cell and molecular level detection.Due to any small change
Change and act on the change for all easily causing refractive index, therefore solution refractive index slight change can also be by light caused by acoustic vibration
Surface wave is learned to detect.Surface wave acoustic detection bandwidth, in terms of it is advantageous: surface wave propagation apart from short, when
Between respond fast, within generally 1ns, higher detective bandwidth may be implemented；And surface wave refractive index minor change has super
The detectivity of 10Pa level may be implemented in strong sensitivity；Simultaneously as response characteristic of the surface wave to different polarization, benefit
Signal contrast can be greatly improved with polarization differential method.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of acoustical signal detector based on surface wave, which is characterized in that including having the rib for two planes being parallel to each other
Mirror, a plane in two to be parallel to each other the plane are coated with film, and the film is used to detect the light through medium transmission
Acoustical signal.
2. acoustical signal detector according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the film is that metallic film or graphene are thin
Film.
3. a kind of acoustical signal detector based on surface wave, including multimode fibre, which is characterized in that the multimode fibre includes packet
The fibre core of layer and the fibre core being placed in covering, the multimode fibre is parallel with the multimode fibre length extending direction with one
Section, the covering have one the section is made to be exposed to the notch outside the covering, and the section is located at the indentation, there, institute
It states and is coated with film on section, the film is used to detect the photoacoustic signal transmitted through medium.
4. acoustical signal detector according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the film is that metallic film or graphene are thin
Film.
5. a kind of reflecting light sonomicroscope of the acoustic pressure detector based on surface wave, which is characterized in that including reflective micro-
Object lens harmony signal sensor；
The catoptric micro objective is placed in the top of the acoustical signal detector, and the laser for emitting laser source, which focuses, to be shone
It is mapped on object under test, so that the object under test absorbs the laser and generates photoacoustic signal, the photoacoustic signal is reversely passed
The defeated medium by above object under test enters the acoustical signal detector after reflecting；
The acoustical signal detector is placed in the top of the object under test and is located at the lower section of the catoptric micro objective, is used for
The photoacoustic signal transmitted through medium is detected, and according to photoacoustic signal generation object under test for object under test to be imaged
Detection spectrum.
6. reflecting light sonomicroscope according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the acoustical signal detector is flat up and down
Face is parallel and lower plane is coated with the prism of film or is coated with the multimode fibre of film, and the film is transmitted for detecting through medium
Photoacoustic signal；
The multimode fibre includes covering and the fibre core that is placed in covering, and the fibre core of the multimode fibre has one and the multimode
The parallel section of fiber lengths extending direction, the covering have one the section is made to be exposed to the notch outside the covering, institute
It states section and is located at the indentation, there, the film is plated on the section.
7. reflecting light sonomicroscope according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the reflecting light sonomicroscope also wraps
Include excitation light path component and detection optical path component；
The excitation light path component focuses on the object under test for emission pulse laser, to excite object under test to generate light
Acoustical signal；
The detection optical path component is incident on for issuing continuous laser to carry out total internal reflection on the acoustical signal detector, and
Detect the variations in refractive index of the reflected light signal after total internal reflection.
8. reflecting light sonomicroscope according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the excitation light path component includes adjustable
Humorous laser, expand device, focuses coupled lens and the first single mode optical fiber at diaphragm；
The tunable laser is for generating pulse laser；
The diaphragm is placed in the front of the tunable laser, for adjusting the beam size of pulse laser；
The expand device is used to expand the light beam of the pulse laser come out from the diaphragm；
The front for focusing coupled lens and being placed in the expand device, gathers for that will pass through the widened pulse laser of light beam
Coke coupling；
First single mode optical fiber is placed in the front for focusing coupled lens, for that will focus the pulse laser transmission after coupling
Onto the catoptric micro objective.
9. reflecting light sonomicroscope according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the excitation light path component further includes putting down
Face electro-optical device and plane mirror；
The plane electro-optical device is placed in the front of the single mode optical fiber, and the laser source for exporting first single mode optical fiber expands
Beam is at directrix plane light；
The plane mirror is placed in the front of the plane electro-optical device, can enter pulse laser for changing the direction of pulse laser
Onto the catoptric micro objective.
10. reflecting light sonomicroscope according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the detection optical path component includes swashing
Light device, wave plate, first focus coupled lens, the second single mode optical fiber, the first collimation coupler, the second collimation coupler, third list
Mode fiber, second focus coupled lens, polarization beam apparatus and balanced detector；Place a water in the lower section of the acoustical signal detector
Slot, the object under test are placed in the lower section of the sink；
The laser is for generating continuous laser；
The wave plate is placed in the front of the laser, for the continuous laser to be tuned into rotatory polarization；
The first focusing coupled lens are placed in the front of the wave plate, for rotatory polarization to be focused coupling；
Second single mode optical fiber is placed in the described first front for focusing coupled lens, for that will focus the continuous laser after coupling
It is transmitted；
The first, second collimation coupler is placed in the two sides of the acoustical signal detector, and the first collimation coupler is used for
The light come out from second single mode optical fiber is subjected to collimation coupling, the second collimation coupler is used for will be from the acoustical signal
The light come out in detector is output to the third single mode optical fiber after carrying out collimation coupling；
The third single mode optical fiber is used for transmission the reflected light come out from the second collimation coupler；
The second focusing coupled lens are used to the reflected light being focused coupling；
The polarization beam apparatus is used to for the reflected light being focused after coupling being split, and is divided into P-polarized light and S polarized light；
After the balanced detector is placed in the polarization beam apparatus, for detecting the refraction of the P-polarized light and the S polarized light
Rate variable quantity.
11. reflecting light sonomicroscope according to claim 10, which is characterized in that the detection optical path component includes flat
Face mirror, the plane mirror are placed in the side of polarization beam apparatus, for adjusting the side of the S polarized light come out from the polarization beam apparatus
To.
12. reflecting light sonomicroscope according to claim 10, which is characterized in that the acoustic pressure detector further includes into
As device, the imaging device according to the refractive index variable quantity that the balanced detector detects generate the optoacoustic of object under test at
As perspective view.
13. reflecting light sonomicroscope according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the reflecting light sonomicroscope is also
Including three-D electric platform, the catoptric micro objective and the acoustical signal detector are fixedly arranged on three-D electric platform.
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| WO2018099408A1 (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-06-07 | 北京碳世纪科技有限公司 | Highly sensitive, graphene surface wave based multiple light beam refractive index detection apparatus and method |
| CN106943120A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-07-14 | 厦门大学 | A kind of photoacoustic microscope and its method for monitoring microvesicle explosion in biological tissues |
| CN108872082B (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2021-03-02 | 深圳大学 | Photoacoustic microscopic imaging system and method |
| CN108535196A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-09-14 | 深圳大学 | A kind of detecting optoacoustic microscopic system and imaging method |
| CN113100928B (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2023-03-24 | 苏州芙迈蕾医疗科技有限公司 | Multi-wavelength picosecond laser beauty instrument based on photoacoustic imaging guidance and control method thereof |
| CN113137926B (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2023-04-07 | 王勇 | Plane measurement system capable of being used under special working condition |
| CN116499975B (en) * | 2023-06-29 | 2023-09-22 | 之江实验室 | Prism device for optical surface wave sensor and design and installation method thereof |
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