CN106047943A - Preparation method of biogas by efficient conversion of energy grass - Google Patents
Preparation method of biogas by efficient conversion of energy grass Download PDFInfo
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- CN106047943A CN106047943A CN201610642138.0A CN201610642138A CN106047943A CN 106047943 A CN106047943 A CN 106047943A CN 201610642138 A CN201610642138 A CN 201610642138A CN 106047943 A CN106047943 A CN 106047943A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
- C12P5/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons acyclic
- C12P5/023—Methane
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/14—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals produced by the action of a carbohydrase (EC 3.2.x), e.g. by alpha-amylase, e.g. by cellulase, hemicellulase
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- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P2201/00—Pretreatment of cellulosic or lignocellulosic material for subsequent enzymatic treatment or hydrolysis
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- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P2203/00—Fermentation products obtained from optionally pretreated or hydrolyzed cellulosic or lignocellulosic material as the carbon source
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
The invention puts forward a preparation method of biogas by efficient conversion of energy grass. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1 crushing: pouring energy grass into an efficient crusher and crushing the energy grass into a granular material; S2 material mixing: pouring the granular material into a premixing tank, adding cellulase, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material; S3 hydrolysis: pouring the mixed material into a hydrolysis cylinder and carrying out hydrolysis; and S4 fermentation: pouring all the hydrolyzed materials into a fermentation tank and fermenting and producing biogas. During the fermentation process, excrement or gastric juice of phytophagous animals is used as a first start-up anaerobic fermentation strain. By strictly controlling processes including raw material crushing, hydrolysis, fermentation and the like, gas yield of energy grass and utilization ratio of resources are increased, and pollution of fermentation by-products to the environment is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention designs the method producing biogas, particularly relates to a kind of preparation side utilizing energy grass Efficient Conversion biogas
Method.
Background technology
The energy is necessary resource and the grand strategy goods and materials of human society existence, is national economic lifeline.But according to
Current amount of storage and producing capacity measuring and calculating, coal in the world, oil, the time limit adopted of natural gas are 230,45,61 respectively
Year, the carbon dioxide along with the day by day exhausted of conventional energy resource and utilizing fossil energy to be discharged in a large number and sulfur dioxide are to the mankind
The serious threat of living environment, it is necessary to find continuable energy road.It is maximum, pollution-free and can that biomass energy has resource
The advantages such as regeneration, draft energy-source plant is considered as one of the most promising biomass material.Biogas, is various Organic substances
Matter, in isolation air (reducing condition), and under suitable temperature, pH value, the one that the Fermentation through microorganism produces
Combustible gas.Biogas belongs to secondary energy sources, and is regenerative resource.Biogas calorific value is high, is that in biomass energy, relatively tool is opened
Send out and a class regenerative resource of Utilization prospects.
Energy grass is not the title of a kind of plant plait, for perennial tall and big herbaceous plant or fruticuli, including sugar grass,
It is all preferable energy grass that switchgrass, awns belong to the contour big draft of crop.Anaerobic fermentation produces biogas at present is to utilize wood fibre
One of cellulosic material the most promising method being converted into bioenergy.Using " energy grass " as the cost of raw material of bioenergy
Low, efficiency is high, the pollutant produced after burning are also little, can effectively alleviate greenhouse effect, reduce environmental pollution.The master of energy grass
Organic principle is wanted to learn as cellulose (29.66%), hemicellulose (20.53%), lignin (36.81%) through chemical examination.Utilize
Energy grass is as the life that biogas production raw material is that the product after utilizing wherein cellulose and hydrolysis of hemicellulose is carried out as raw material
Thing anaerobic reaction.The process of traditional mode of production biogas is original due to equipment, and technique is lack of standardization, causes Organic substance fall in energy grass
Solving few, factor of created gase is low, and resource utilization is the highest, causes energy waste.
Summary of the invention
Mirror, with this, it is an object of the invention to propose the manufacturing technique method of a kind of energy grass Efficient Conversion biogas, the party
Method improves cellulose in energy grass, hemicellulose ferments the conversion ratio formed methane, and improves energy grass factor of created gase.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that and be achieved in that:
A kind of preparation method utilizing energy grass Efficient Conversion biogas, comprises the following steps:
S1 crushes: energy grass is put into high capacity crusher and is broken into granular material；
S2 material mixes: put into by granular material in premixing pool, adds cellulase, mix homogeneously, obtains mixture
Material, energy grass material cellulose enzyme amount per ton is 100～120g；
S3 hydrolyzes: is put in hydrolytic decomposition pot by mixed material and is hydrolyzed；
S4 ferments: the material after hydrolysis is all put into fermentation tank and completes fermentation and produce biogas, and sweat uses plants
The feces of feeding habits animal or gastric juice are as initial start-up anaerobic fermentation bacterial.
Further, the Digestive system after the fermentation of described step S4 produces biogas is dehydrated, and the Digestive system after dehydration is again
Enter step S2, mix with energy grass material and cellulase.
Further, in described step S1 shattering process, energy grass through high capacity crusher be crushed to grain diameter be 5～
7mm。
Further, in described step S2 material mixed process, energy grass material cellulose enzyme amount per ton be 100～
120g。
Further, in described step S3 hydrolytic process, hydrolysis temperature 25～35 DEG C, hydrolysis time is 2～3 days.
Further, in described step S4 sweat, in fermentation system, the mass content of dry is 6.6～7.2%.
Further, in described step S4 sweat, fermentation temperature 38～42 DEG C, fermentation time is 4～5 days.
Further, in described step S4 sweat, the organic loading that feeds intake is 3～4.3Kg/m3·d。
Further, in described step S4 sweat, the interpolation quality of anaerobic fermentation bacterial and adding of energy grass material
Adding mass ratio is 1:1.
Further, in described step S4 sweat, the solid anaerobic fermentation strain matter of clear water allotment to solid content
Amount mark is 4～5%, adds in fermentation tank.
Compared with prior art, the invention have the benefit that
A kind of preparation method utilizing energy grass Efficient Conversion biogas provided by the present invention, the cellulose in energy grass and
Hemicellulose effectively hydrolyzing under the effect of cellulase becomes glucose, after entering anaerobic system, glucose sugared and remaining on a small quantity
Cellulose hemicellulose residue is utilized by anaerobic bacteria flora and generates biological fuel gas, adds cellulose and hemicellulose in raw material
Transformation efficiency, production rate of methane reaches 65Nm3More than/ton, comparing the factor of created gase of traditional handicraft, preparation method of the present invention significantly improves
The unit factor of created gase of energy grass.On the whole, technique is simple, it is little to invest, and promotes difficulty low, can be applicable to extensive agriculture waste
The process of thing, effectively reduces the agricultural wastes pollution to environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
For the technical scheme being illustrated more clearly that in the embodiment of the present invention, in embodiment being described below required for make
Accompanying drawing be briefly described.
Fig. 1 is the process chart of a kind of preparation method utilizing energy grass Efficient Conversion biogas of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
For the technical scheme in the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that inventor says in conjunction with the embodiments
Bright, but the only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than the whole embodiments described by following example.Based on the present invention
In embodiment, the every other enforcement that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under not making creative work premise
Example, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
Seeing Fig. 1, the technological process of a kind of preparation method utilizing energy grass Efficient Conversion biogas of the present invention is: S1 breaks
Broken: energy grass puts into high capacity crusher and is broken into granular material；S2 material mixes: put into by granular material in premixing pool,
Add the cellulase of certain proportioning, mix homogeneously；S3 hydrolyzes: is put in hydrolytic decomposition pot by mixed material and is hydrolyzed；S4 ferments:
Material after hydrolysis all putting into fermentation tank complete fermentation and produce biogas, the Digestive system after fermentation produces biogas takes off
Water, the Digestive system after dehydration reenters step S2, mixes with energy grass material and cellulase.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method utilizing energy grass Efficient Conversion biogas, comprises the following steps:
S1 crushes:
Energy grass being put into high capacity crusher crush, obtain graininess energy grass material, energy grass is through the most broken
Broken crusher machine to grain diameter is 5～6mm.
S2 material mixes:
Energy grass material is put in premixing pool with cellulase and mixs homogeneously, obtain mixed material, energy grass thing per ton
Material cellulose enzyme amount is 100g.
S3 hydrolyzes:
Mixed material being put into hydrolytic decomposition pot be hydrolyzed, hydrolysis temperature 25～35 DEG C, hydrolysis time is 2 days.
S4 ferments:
Material after hydrolysis is all put in fermentation tank and ferments, in a vapor tight tank body, complete fermentation and produce
Biogas.Digestive system after fermentation produces biogas is dehydrated, and the Digestive system solid content after dehydration is 23% (mass percent), de-
Digestive system after water reenters step S2, mixes with energy grass material and cellulase.
In sweat, in control fermentation system, dry matter content (i.e. total solids content) is 7% (mass percent), sends out
Ferment temperature 38～42 DEG C, the organic loading that feeds intake controls at 4Kg/m3D, 24 hours continuous stirring, fermentation time is 5 days.Sending out
During ferment, initial start-up use the feces of the phytophagous animal such as cattle, horse or gastric juice as anaerobic fermentation bacterial, wherein strain
The weight of addition and energy grass material uses the ratio of 1:1.The allotment of solid spawn clear water is 4～5% (quality to solid content
Percent), add in fermentation tank.Anaerobic fermentation bacterial startup quick to methane-generating pit has good facilitation, is fully solved
Biogas initial start-up is difficult and starts slow problem.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method utilizing energy grass Efficient Conversion biogas, comprises the following steps:
S1 crushes:
Energy grass being put into high capacity crusher crush, obtain graininess energy grass material, energy grass is through the most broken
Broken crusher machine to grain diameter is 6～7mm.
S2 material mixes:
Energy grass material is put in premixing pool with cellulase and mixs homogeneously, obtain mixed material, energy grass thing per ton
Material cellulose enzyme amount is 110g.
S3 hydrolyzes:
Mixed material being put into hydrolytic decomposition pot be hydrolyzed, hydrolysis temperature 25～35 DEG C, hydrolysis time is 3 days.
S4 ferments:
Material after hydrolysis is all put in fermentation tank and ferments, in a vapor tight tank body, complete fermentation and produce
Biogas.Digestive system after fermentation produces biogas is dehydrated, and the Digestive system solid content after dehydration is 25% (mass percent), de-
Digestive system after water reenters step S2, mixes with energy grass material and cellulase.
In sweat, in control fermentation system, dry matter content (i.e. total solids content) is 6.6% (mass percent),
Fermentation temperature 38～42 DEG C, the organic loading that feeds intake controls at 3Kg/m3D, 24 hours continuous stirring, fermentation time is 4 days.?
In sweat, initial start-up use the feces of the phytophagous animal such as cattle, horse and gastric juice as anaerobic fermentation bacterial, wherein strain
The weight of addition and energy grass material use the ratio of 1:1.The allotment of solid spawn clear water is 4～5% (matter to solid content
Amount percent), add in fermentation tank.
What in sweat, organism was mainly applied is produced saccharide in material water solution preocess, starch based, fats, organic
The Organic substances such as acids, traditional handicraft is limited to the limitation of technique and material, hydrolyzes and ferments and carries out in same place, hydrolyzes this
Step is the most insufficient, so can seriously limit the factor of created gase of material.A single technique it is hydrolyzed to involved by the present invention
Process, in the specific implementation with cellulase as hydrolysis catalyst, by the cellulose in energy grass, hydrolysis of hemicellulose
Whole materials after this hydrolysis are finally direct plungeed into by the small organic molecule becoming the biology such as monosaccharide or polysaccharide to directly utilize
Fermentation tank is carried out ferment and change into biogas.
Anaerobic fermentation is the committed step that material fermentation produces biogas, and the height of attenuation degree directly determines the product of material
Gas rate.The present invention is directed to the characteristic of material, use feces or gastric juice the detesting as initial start-up of the phytophagous animal such as cattle, horse
Aerobe fermentation strain, disposably introduces a fine variety, and forever uses, properly functioning after, it is not necessary to introduce a fine variety again, put into material every day according to plan i.e.
Can.
Additionally, in biogas production method of the present invention, the Digestive system after also the fermentation of step S4 being produced biogas is dehydrated, i.e.
Being isolated by the way of filtration by solid material therein, the Digestive system solid content after dehydration is 23～25%.After dehydration
Digestive system reenters step S2, mixes with energy grass material and cellulase.Continue executing with step S3, step S4, depend on
Secondary circulation.Realize the recycling of Digestive system, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Embodiment 3
Embodiment 3 is with the difference of embodiment 1, in step S1 is broken, energy grass is put into high capacity crusher and carries out
Broken, obtain graininess energy grass material, it is 3～4mm that energy grass is crushed to grain diameter through high capacity crusher.Remaining step
Technique is the most same as in Example 1.
Embodiment 4 and embodiment 5
Embodiment 4 is with the difference of embodiment 1, in step S2 material mixes, by energy grass material and cellulase
Putting into mix homogeneously in premixing pool, obtain mixed material, energy grass material cellulose enzyme amount per ton is 90g.Remaining step work
Skill is the most same as in Example 1.
Embodiment 5 is with the difference of embodiment 1, in step S2 material mixes, by energy grass material and cellulase
Putting into mix homogeneously in premixing pool, obtain mixed material, energy grass material cellulose enzyme amount per ton is 120g.Remaining step work
Skill is the most same as in Example 1.
Embodiment 6
Embodiment 6 is with the difference of embodiment 1, in step S4 is fermented, the material after hydrolysis is all put into fermentation
Fermenting in tank, in sweat, in control fermentation system, dry (i.e. total solids content) content is 7% (percent mass
Number), fermentation temperature 38～42 DEG C, the organic loading that feeds intake controls at 4.3Kg/m3D, 24 hours continuous stirring, fermentation time is 5
My god.During the fermentation, initial start-up use the feces of the phytophagous animal such as cattle, horse or gastric juice as anaerobic fermentation bacterial, its
The weight of the addition of middle strain and energy grass material uses the ratio of 1:1.Solid spawn clear water allotment to solid content be 4～
5% (mass percent), adds in fermentation tank.Remaining process is the most same as in Example 1.
Dry matter content in fermentation system in sweat is also analyzed by the present invention, in embodiment 7, controls fermentation body
In system, dry matter content (i.e. total solids content) is 7.2% (mass percent), in embodiment 8, controls dry in fermentation system
Matter content (i.e. total solids content) is 6.8% (mass percent), and remaining step is the most same as in Example 1.
Production rate of methane that embodiment 1 to embodiment 8 preparation method obtains and related process performance parameter such as table 1 institute thereof
Show.
Table 1
Conventional process techniques just feeds intake after simply energy grass being carried out primary breakup, and particle diameter is about 2～3cm, adds
The difficulty of energy grass hydrolysis, organic matter degradation rate is low, affects factor of created gase, and factor of created gase is relatively low.As can be seen from Table 1, the present invention uses
High capacity crusher crushes, and obtains graininess energy grass material, and grain diameter is the least, and production rate of methane is the highest, works as particle
When footpath is 5～7mm, factor of created gase is substantially high than traditional handicraft.Production method experiment finds that 5mm is facing of an energy grass particle diameter
Dividing value, when material particular diameter is less than 5mm, the organic matter degradation rate of energy grass increases inconspicuous, even lowers, and comminution energy conssumption increases
High；This is because energy grass density small flow is poor, grain diameter is the least more easily gathers, and affects cellulase to energy grass
Hydrolysis, affects organic matter degradation；Preparation method the most of the present invention preferred energy grass grain diameter is 5～7mm.
From the residue content of cellulose of embodiment 4 and embodiment 5, cellulase consumption is dividing of 90g/ ton energy grass
Solution rate and factor of created gase substantially reduce, and along with the increase of cellulase consumption, factor of created gase is the highest, but cellulase consumption is more than
During 100g/ ton energy grass, resolution ratio and factor of created gase increase are the most obvious, and preparation method preferred cellulose enzyme the most of the present invention is used
Amount is 100g/ ton energy grass, i.e. reaches optimum hydrolysis efficiency, has been effectively reduced again the input of the production capital.
The increase and decrease of organic loading, influences whether gas production and the degree for the treatment of of digestive system, and higher organic loading can obtain
Gas production that must be bigger.Preparation method of the present invention is 4Kg/m when organic loading3Total solid is contained by biogas Digestive during d
The clearance of amount, volatile solid, COD etc. is higher, and methane production is the highest, and in whole digestion process, pH value one
Straight change in the scope that anaerobe is suitable.But, in embodiment 6, when organic loading is more than 4Kg/m3D, pH value can be suitable
Change in the scope that preferably methane backeria is movable, will destroy the stability of anaerobic system, and biogas output begins to decline.System the most of the present invention
The preferred organic loading of Preparation Method is 4Kg/m3·d。
In the factor of created gase obtained from embodiment 7 and 8 can be seen that fermentation system, dry matter content produces biogas to fermentation
Impact is the biggest, and when in fermentation system, dry matter content is less time, factor of created gase is low；But dry matter content is too in fermentation system
High also can suppress fermentation, cause factor of created gase low.The present invention preferred dry biomass content is 7% (mass percent).
In sum, preparation method of the present invention uses high capacity crusher to crush energy grass, strict control material
Grain particle diameter, may advantageously facilitate the hydrolysis of material and improves fermentation gas rate；Hydrolysing step and fermentation step are split up into single work
Being fully hydrolyzed of skill process, beneficially material, improves organic matter degradation rate, improves biogas transformation efficiency；And during the fermentation,
The feces of employing phytophagous animal or gastric juice, as the anaerobic fermentation bacterial of initial start-up, solve biogas initial start-up difficulty and open
Dynamic slow problem, improves gas producing efficiency, and disposably introduces a fine variety, forever use, properly functioning after, it is not necessary to introducing a fine variety, every day presses again
Plan puts into material.Upper the technical processs such as the present invention crushes from raw material, hydrolyzes, fermentation strict control, increase energy grass
Factor of created gase and the utilization rate of resource, effectively reduce the fermentation byproduct pollution to environment.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention
Within god and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the preparation method utilizing energy grass Efficient Conversion biogas, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
S1 crushes: energy grass is put into high capacity crusher and is broken into granular material；
S2 material mixes: put into by granular material in premixing pool, adds cellulase, mix homogeneously, obtains mixed material；
S3 hydrolyzes: is put in hydrolytic decomposition pot by mixed material and is hydrolyzed；
S4 ferments: the material after hydrolysis all being put into fermentation tank and completes fermentation and produce biogas, sweat uses phytophagous
The feces of animal or gastric juice are as initial start-up anaerobic fermentation bacterial.
The preparation method utilizing energy grass Efficient Conversion biogas the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step
S4 fermentation produces the Digestive system after biogas and is dehydrated, and the Digestive system after dehydration reenters step S2, with energy grass material and
Cellulase mixes.
The preparation method utilizing energy grass Efficient Conversion biogas the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step
In S1 shattering process, it is 5～7mm that energy grass is crushed to grain diameter through high capacity crusher.
The preparation method utilizing energy grass Efficient Conversion biogas the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step
In S2 material mixed process, energy grass material cellulose enzyme amount per ton is 100～120g.
The preparation method utilizing energy grass Efficient Conversion biogas the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step
In S3 hydrolytic process, hydrolysis temperature 25～35 DEG C, hydrolysis time is 2～3 days.
The preparation method utilizing energy grass Efficient Conversion biogas the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step
In S4 sweat, in fermentation system, the mass content of dry is 6.6～7.2%.
The preparation method utilizing energy grass Efficient Conversion biogas the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step
In S4 sweat, fermentation temperature 38～42 DEG C, fermentation time is 4～5 days.
The preparation method utilizing energy grass Efficient Conversion biogas the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step
In S4 sweat, the organic loading that feeds intake is 3～4.3Kg/m3·d。
The preparation method utilizing energy grass Efficient Conversion biogas the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step
In S4 sweat, the interpolation quality of anaerobic fermentation bacterial and the interpolation mass ratio of energy grass material are 1:1.
The preparation method utilizing energy grass Efficient Conversion biogas the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described step
In rapid S4 sweat, the mass fraction of solid anaerobic fermentation strain clear water allotment to solid content is 4～5%, adds and sends out
In ferment tank.
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| CN115124022A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-09-30 | 滨州学院 | Oil sludge sand harmless treatment process |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115124022A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-09-30 | 滨州学院 | Oil sludge sand harmless treatment process |
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