CN105958934A - Power optimizer - Google Patents
Power optimizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN105958934A CN105958934A CN201610389074.8A CN201610389074A CN105958934A CN 105958934 A CN105958934 A CN 105958934A CN 201610389074 A CN201610389074 A CN 201610389074A CN 105958934 A CN105958934 A CN 105958934A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 101150071218 cap3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 14
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/30—Electrical components
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
- G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/30—Electrical components
- H02S40/32—Electrical components comprising DC/AC inverter means associated with the PV module itself, e.g. AC modules
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention mainly relates to a power optimizer. The power optimizer is used for performing voltage conversion on a one-stage or multi-stage photovoltaic cell string, and includes one-stage or multi-stage BUCK circuits, wherein first and second input ends of any one stage of BUCK circuit are respectively coupled with an anode end and a cathode end of the corresponding one-stage photovoltaic cell string; and an output capacitor of any one stage of BUCK circuit is connected between a first output node and a second output node of the any one stage of BUCK circuit, so that the output voltage of the single-stage photovoltaic cell string is provided between a first output node and a second output node of a single-stage BUCK circuit, or the total output voltage for the multi-stage photovoltaic cell string is formed between the first output node of the first first-stage BUCK circuit and the second output node of the last last-stage BUCK circuit in the multi-stage BUCK circuits.
Description
Technical field
The invention mainly relates to the electric device of photovoltaic generation, exactly, be to have employed to use in each photovoltaic module
Multistage photovoltaic cell string and the scheme of the multilevel voltage change-over circuit as power optimization device so that any one step voltage is changed
Circuit all individually can perform independent maximum power point tracking calculation to a corresponding battery strings, with guarantee whole too
Stablizing of sun energy electricity generation system output.
Background technology
Along with shortage and the development of science and technology of the energy, new forms of energy have obtained increasingly being widely applied, due to photovoltaic generation
Safe and reliable, operating cost is few, safeguard the feature such as can use simply, everywhere so that photovoltaic generation worldwide obtains
Quickly development, especially plays indispensable effect in the electrical problem solving remote districts.The output of photovoltaic cell
Characteristic is affected by ambient temperature, light radiation intensity and is changed a lot, and makes photovoltaic cell can export all the time
Big power is so that we more effectively utilize solar energy to be the basic demand of photovoltaic generating system.To export from solar panel
Desired peak power, most important is to find maximum power point (MPPT), makes output voltage and the output electric current of cell panel
It is maintained at maximum power point expected from this.The change of maximum power point is the most relevant with irradiation intensity and ambient temperature, so
A difficult problem urgently to be resolved hurrily is, when the environmental change of solar panel, and these Parameters variation of palpus dynamic tracing, just can get rid of
External environmental factor, it is ensured that solar panel is operated on maximum power point.
In existing photovoltaic power optimal way, it is nearly all to perform optimization in photovoltaic module level, the most each photovoltaic group
Part would generally include multiple battery strings (Photovoltaic cell string) being made up of photovoltaic cell concatenation, at photovoltaic module
Level is optimized and means individually to be optimized each independent battery strings.When occurring with a string cell panel because producing
Product consistency problem is bad, or occur the factor such as shadow occlusion cause percentage of batteries can not normal power generation time, the photovoltaic electric of whole string
Pond loss in efficiency is very serious, and when the panel array that accesses of the most centralized inverter of inverter is a lot, can cause
The cell panel of each group string can not run at the maximum power point of oneself, and these are all the losses of electric energy and generated energy.Therefore
The power optimization device that the application hereinafter introduces mainly solves to alleviate these problems in other words conj.or perhaps exactly, it is achieved enter in battery strings rank
Row power optimization, to carry active power optimization device for each photovoltaic cell string, imports maximum power point tracking to guarantee too
Stable and the largest optimization of power of sun energy system output power.
Summary of the invention
In one embodiment of the invention, a kind of photovoltaic generating system with power optimization device is disclosed, including multi-stage light
Volt battery strings and multiple power levels optimizer, every one-level power optimization device all includes multistage BUCK circuit；Wherein, each
In level power optimization device: arbitrarily the first and second inputs of one-level BUCK circuit are respectively coupled to corresponding one-level
The positive terminal of photovoltaic cell string and negative pole end；An arbitrarily output capacitance of one-level BUCK circuit is connected to this any one-level
Between first output node and second output node of BUCK circuit；Set any rear stage in multistage BUCK circuit
First output node of BUCK circuit is connected with the second output node of previous stage BUCK circuit adjacent thereto；Thereby
In the multistage BUCK circuit of every one-level power optimization device, the first output node definition of first first order BUCK circuit
For the first equivalence outfan of this one-level power optimization device, the second output node of the afterbody BUCK circuit at end is fixed
Justice is the second equivalence outfan of this one-level power optimization device；And multistage described power optimization device is serially connected, and sets multistage
In described power optimization device, the first equivalence outfan and the previous stage power adjacent thereto of any rear stage power optimization device are excellent
The the second equivalence outfan changing device is connected；Thus described in the first order of multistage described power optimization device the first of power optimization device
Multistage described power optimization device is formed between second equivalence outfan of power optimization device described in equivalence outfan and afterbody
Total output voltage.
The above-mentioned photovoltaic generating system with power optimization device, power optimization device described in any one-level also includes a communication electricity
Road, on the transmission line being connected with the first output node of the first order BUCK circuit of each power optimization device and/
Or on the transmission line being connected with the second output node of afterbody BUCK circuit, form communication carrier, every to realize
Described in one-level, power optimization device sends communications out information.
The above-mentioned photovoltaic generating system with power optimization device, telecommunication circuit includes one first switch and a bypass resistance
And shunt capacitance；After bypass resistance and the parallel connection of shunt capacitance elder generation, they are connected on every one-level power optimization device again with this first switch series
First order BUCK circuit the first output node and the second output node of afterbody BUCK circuit between.
The above-mentioned photovoltaic generating system with power optimization device, every one-level power optimization device also includes the first controller, often
One-level power optimization device sends the stage of the communication information, and the driving signal of this first controller output controls originally turn off first
Turn off again after switch connection, in order to produce the carrier current flowing through this telecommunication circuit in the moment of the first switch connection, be injected into
On the transmission line being connected with the first output node of the first order BUCK circuit of each described power optimization device and/or inject
To form communication carrier on the transmission line being connected with the second output node of afterbody BUCK circuit.
The above-mentioned photovoltaic generating system with power optimization device, power optimization device described in every one-level also includes may be provided at its
The arbitrarily second switch in one-level BUCK circuit；
This second switch is serially connected in this together with the output capacitance of one-level BUCK circuit any in each described power optimization device
Arbitrarily between the first output node and second output node of one-level BUCK circuit.
The above-mentioned photovoltaic generating system with power optimization device, before each described power optimization device sends the communication information,
The second switch driving signal to control originally to connect of the first controller output in this power optimization device is turned off, until institute
Stating power optimization device to terminate to send after communication information program, this second switch is just switched on.
The above-mentioned photovoltaic generating system with power optimization device, also includes straight for exported by multistage described power optimization device
Stream electricity is converted into the inverter of alternating current.
The above-mentioned photovoltaic generating system with power optimization device, described inverter also includes detection module, for from flowing through this
Electric current on transmission line extracts described communication carrier.
The above-mentioned photovoltaic generating system with power optimization device, described detection module be high frequency sensors, band filter,
Any one in codec.
The above-mentioned photovoltaic generating system with power optimization device, also includes straight for exported by multistage described power optimization device
Stream electricity is converted into the inverter of alternating current, and described inverter has storage capacitor and first, second turn-off module, and institute
State inverter also to include: be coupled to the first equivalence outfan of power optimization device described in the first order in multistage described power optimization device
First input node；It is coupled to the second equivalence of power optimization device described in afterbody in multistage described power optimization device
One the second input node of outfan；This first turn-off module be connected to the first input node and storage capacitor the first end it
Between, this second turn-off module is connected between the second input node and the second end of storage capacitor, this first and second open circuits mould
Turning on and off of block is controlled by a second controller of described inverter.
The above-mentioned photovoltaic generating system with power optimization device, described inverter also includes a command unit, for
It is connected on the transmission line that first input node of described inverter is connected and/or in the second input node with described inverter
Transmission line on send communication carrier, be sent out command information realizing described inverter.
The above-mentioned photovoltaic generating system with power optimization device, this command unit has the first He being serially connected in described inverter
Resistance between second input node and the 3rd switch.
The above-mentioned photovoltaic generating system with power optimization device, sends the stage of command information at this command unit, and described the
The signal that drives of two controller outputs turns off again after controlling the 3rd switch connection originally turned off, in order at the 3rd switch connection
Moment produces the carrier current flowing through this command unit, is injected into the transmission line that the first input node with described inverter is connected
To form communication carrier on road and/or on the transmission line being connected with the second input node of described inverter.
The above-mentioned photovoltaic generating system with power optimization device, sends the at inverter to power optimization device described in any one-level
During one command information, power optimization device described in any one-level passes through a detection module from the electric current flowed through this transmission line
Extract described communication carrier, and received this first command information by the first controller of any one-level power optimization device.
The above-mentioned photovoltaic generating system with power optimization device, described detection module be high frequency sensors, band filter,
Any one in codec, diverter.
The above-mentioned photovoltaic generating system with power optimization device, described first command information is shutdown command, in described inversion
Before device sends shutdown command information to power optimization device described in any one-level, described second controller first controls first and second
Turn-off module switches to off state.
The above-mentioned photovoltaic generating system with power optimization device, sends pass at described inverter to any one-level power optimization device
After machine command information, and after many group BUCK circuit enter shutdown or resting state, second controller controls described the
Three switches switch to on-state, and/or described first controller controls described first switch and switches to on-state.
The above-mentioned photovoltaic generating system with power optimization device, starts shooting at the multistage described power optimization device of described inverter control
Time, this second controller first controls this first and second turn-off module and connects, in the first control of power optimization device described in every one-level
Device processed detects power optimization device described in self this one-level and receives voltage that the transmission of this inverter comes and/or during electric current, and this is the years old
Many groups BUCK circuit of power optimization device described in the one controller every one-level of control starts to perform voltage conversion function thus exits
Shutdown or resting state.
The above-mentioned photovoltaic generating system with power optimization device, power optimization device described in any one-level also includes a detection mould
Block, extracts other described power in the electric current flow through excellent on the transmission line of multistage described power optimization device from series connection
Change the described communication carrier that device sends, to realize being in communication with each other between different described power optimization device.
In one embodiment of the invention, a kind of power optimization device is disclosed, for one or more levels photovoltaic cell string is entered
Row voltage is changed, including one or more levels BUCK circuit, wherein: the first and second of any one-level BUCK circuit are defeated
Enter end and be respectively coupled to positive terminal and the negative pole end of corresponding one-level photovoltaic cell string；And arbitrarily one-level BUCK is electric
One output capacitance on road is connected between the first output node and second output node of this any one-level BUCK circuit；
When the quantity of photovoltaic cell string and BUCK circuit is one-level, thus the first output joint of the BUCK circuit in single-stage
The output voltage of this single-stage photovoltaic cell string is provided between point and the second output node；Or as photovoltaic cell string and BUCK
When the quantity of circuit is multistage, set the first output node of any rear stage BUCK circuit in multistage BUCK circuit
It is connected with the second output node of previous stage BUCK circuit adjacent thereto, thus first in multistage BUCK circuit
Shape between second output node of the first output node of first order BUCK circuit and the afterbody BUCK circuit at end
Become total output voltage of this multistage photovoltaic cell string.
Above-mentioned power optimization device, described power optimization device also includes a telecommunication circuit；As photovoltaic cell string and BUCK
When the quantity of circuit is one-level, now this telecommunication circuit is connected to first output node and second of single-stage BUCK circuit
Between output node；When the quantity of photovoltaic cell string and BUCK circuit is multistage, now this telecommunication circuit single connects
Between first output node and the second output node of afterbody BUCK circuit of first order BUCK circuit.
Above-mentioned power optimization device, telecommunication circuit includes one first switch and a bypass resistance and a shunt capacitance；When
When the quantity of photovoltaic cell string and BUCK circuit is one-level, after this bypass resistance and the parallel connection of shunt capacitance elder generation they again with
Between the first and second output nodes of the BUCK circuit that the first switch series is connected on single-stage, this telecommunication circuit for single-stage
BUCK circuit the first and/or second output node be connected transmission line on formed communication carrier；Or work as photovoltaic cell
When the quantity of string and BUCK circuit is multistage, after this bypass resistance and the parallel connection of shunt capacitance elder generation, they switch with first again
It is serially connected between the first output node of first order BUCK circuit and the second output node of afterbody BUCK circuit,
This telecommunication circuit is on the transmission line being connected with the first output node of first order BUCK circuit and/or with finally
Communication carrier is formed on the transmission line that second output node of one-level BUCK circuit is connected.
Above-mentioned power optimization device, power optimization device also includes first controller, sends the communication information at power optimization device
Stage, the signal that drives of this first controller output turns off again after controlling the first switch connection originally turned off, in order to the
The moment of one switch connection produces the carrier current flowing through telecommunication circuit, injects on transmission line to form communication carrier.
Above-mentioned power optimization device, power optimization device also includes may be provided at the second switch in any one-level BUCK circuit；
This second switch is serially connected in the first of this any one-level BUCK circuit together with the output capacitance of any one-level BUCK circuit
Between output node and the second output node.
Above-mentioned power optimization device, before this power optimization device sends the communication information, the driving letter of this first controller output
Number second switch controlling originally to connect turns off, until after this power optimization device terminates to send communication information program, this is second years old
Switch is just switched on.
Above-mentioned power optimization device, every one-level BUCK circuit all includes first input end and the first output joint being connected to it
Master switch between point and inductance, this master switch and this inductance are connected at an interconnecting nodes；And
Also connect between this interconnecting nodes and the second input and have a continued flow switch, each of which level BUCK circuit
Second input and the second output node are connected.
Above-mentioned power optimization device, also includes a detection module；When the quantity of photovoltaic cell string and BUCK circuit is
During one-level, detection module is from the transmission line being connected with first output node and/or the second output node of single-stage BUCK circuit
Communication carrier is extracted on road；Or when the quantity of photovoltaic cell string and BUCK circuit is multistage, detection module from
First output node of first order BUCK circuit be connected transmission line on and/or with the second of afterbody BUCK circuit
Communication carrier is extracted on the transmission line that output node is connected.
Above-mentioned detection module is any one in high frequency sensors, band filter, codec, diverter.
Above-mentioned power optimization device, after detection module detects shutdown or dormancy command information, by described power optimization device
First controller receives this command information, after the first controller controls BUCK circuit entrance off-mode, by first
Controller controls described first switch and switches to on-state.
In one embodiment of the invention, a kind of inverter is disclosed, including storage capacitor and first, second open circuit mould
Block, wherein: this first turn-off module is connected between the first input node of described inverter and the first end of storage capacitor,
This second turn-off module is connected between the second input node of described inverter and the second end of storage capacitor, and this is first and years old
Turning on and off of two turn-off modules is controlled by a second controller of described inverter；Described inverter also includes a finger
Make unit, on the transmission line being connected with the first input node of described inverter and/or with described inverter
Send communication carrier on the transmission line that second input node is connected, be sent out command information realizing inverter.
Above-mentioned inverter, this command unit has the resistance between the first and second input nodes being serially connected in described inverter
With the 3rd switch.
Above-mentioned inverter, sends the stage of command information, the driving signal of described second controller output at this command unit
Turn off again after controlling the 3rd switch connection originally turned off, in order to produce in the moment of the 3rd switch connection and flow through this command unit
Carrier current, be injected on the transmission line that the first input node with described inverter is connected and/or with described inversion
To form communication carrier on the transmission line that second input node of device is connected.
Above-mentioned inverter, before described inverter sends command information, described second controller first controls first and second
Turn-off module switches to off state, by the transmission line being connected with the first input node of described inverter and with described inversion
The voltage source loaded on the transmission line that second input node of device is connected is that described command unit is powered.
Above-mentioned inverter, described command information is shutdown command information, after described inverter sends command information, and connects
After receiving the object shutdown of shutdown command information, described second controller controls described 3rd switch and switches to on-state, with
On the transmission line that the first input node being carried in described inverter is connected and/or be carried in described inverter
Remaining capacity release on the transmission line that two input nodes are connected.
Above-mentioned inverter, described inverter also includes detection module, is used for detecting any harmonic source and is sent to and first or
The PERCOM peripheral communication carrier wave on transmission line that two input nodes are connected, to realize described inverter from the external reception communication information.
Above-mentioned inverter, detection module is any one in high frequency sensors, band filter, codec, diverter.
In the present invention, photovoltaic optimizer can realize communication from each other, thus learns each photovoltaic module (even cell piece
Tandem is other) duty and learn the voltage of whole photovoltaic system.Inverter passes through Luo-coil, band filter, solution
Tune etc. realize the detection to each photovoltaic module, and this circuit is also integrated with arc-detection function.Inverter can also be real
Now photovoltaic optimizer is issued order, by adjustment interference electric current by photovoltaic optimizer Bye-byes, by individual loading slowly
They intelligence starts of voltage notification etc..In addition inverter notifies that by the way of electric current photovoltaic optimizer shuts down, and enters in other words
Protected mode, the circuit of this loading current is also used as the discharge circuit of inverter oneself internal capacitance simultaneously.At this
Long photovoltaic group string pattern, the output voltage that the most each photovoltaic optimizer draws oneself up can be realized, it is ensured that each whole light in bright
Volt group string can be connected more photovoltaic module, is unlikely to as traditional photovoltaic group string is due to the electricity of output under low temperature open circuit situation
Press through height, cause inverter needs more input voltage surplus.
These schemes with advantage such as: improving the generating efficiency of whole electricity generation system, locally photovoltaic damages and blocks or light
The generating efficiency of system is not affected by the negative factors such as the discordance of volt battery, installation discordance, also achieves battery
The optimization of sheet tandem, the degree of depth has been excavated system effectiveness, has also been reached the various parameters of each battery component by the way of communication
To observability.Also achieving the safety of photovoltaic system, when breaking down or keep in repair, photovoltaic group string can turn off, output electricity
Pressure is zero.Improve the serial number of each photovoltaic group string, save the wiring cost of system.Improve the anti-of photovoltaic module
Hot spot ability, which enhances the life-span of cell piece.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Reading described further below and with reference to after the following drawings, inventive feature and advantage will be apparent to:
Fig. 1 is the photovoltaic module containing multiple photovoltaic cell strings.
Fig. 2 is the topology that the multilevel optimization's device with BUCK circuit carries out voltage conversion to multistage battery strings.
Fig. 3 is to utilize the schematic diagram that the voltage of BUCK circuit conversion photovoltaic cell is load supplying.
Fig. 4 is to be considered as an equivalent variable-resistance schematic diagram based on BUCK circuit and load.
Fig. 5 is a switch of connecting with output capacitance between the pair of output of second level BUCK circuit.
Fig. 6 is a switch of connecting with output capacitance between the pair of output of first order BUCK circuit.
Fig. 7 is bypass resistance in parallel in telecommunication circuit and electric capacity can change over by-pass switch.
Fig. 8 is BUCK circuit and the schematic diagram of battery strings utilizing more stages.
Fig. 9 is to utilize more photovoltaic module grid-connected conveying voltage source to the schematic diagram of same inverter.
Figure 10 is to use diverter rather than the schematic diagram of Luo-coil sensor.
Figure 11 is that single-stage BUCK circuit carries out the schematic diagram of voltage conversion to single-stage photovoltaic cell string.
Figure 12 is that multiple optimizer is serially connected the schematic diagram in output voltage/electric current to inverter.
Figure 13 is the schematic diagram of the optional topology of telecommunication circuit and command unit.
Detailed description of the invention
See Fig. 1, as a example by battery strings CELL-ST1 arranged on photovoltaic module～CELL-ST3, explain the present invention's
Spirit, notices that in photovoltaic panel here, the particular number of battery strings is only easy to our narration, and does not only represent the present invention
It is limited solely by listed particular number.Battery strings CELL-ST1 has the photovoltaic cell 10 of multiple mutual concatenation, concatenation side
The anode of formula usually later photovoltaic cell 10 is connected to the negative electrode of its adjacent previous photovoltaic cell 10, sets electricity
In the string of pond, the anode of first photovoltaic cell 10 is as the equivalent anode A 1 of whole battery strings CELL-ST1, and sets battery
In string, the negative electrode of a photovoltaic cell 10 of most end is as the equivalent negative electrode C1 of whole battery strings CELL-ST1.By phase
Same reason, battery strings CELL-ST2 has equivalent anode A 2 and equivalence negative electrode C2, and battery strings CELL-ST3 has
Equivalence anode A 3 and equivalence negative electrode C3.In routine use, need the equivalent negative electrode C1 of battery strings CELL-ST1
It is connected with the equivalent anode A 2 of battery strings CELL-ST2, and by the equivalent negative electrode C2 of battery strings CELL-ST2 and battery
The equivalent anode A 3 of string CELL-ST3 is connected.Examining photovoltaic module on the whole closely, its one is used for and external circuit phase
Positive terminal A evenEQBeing connected with equivalence anode A 1, its one is for the negative pole end C being connected with external circuitEQAnd equivalence
Negative electrode C3 is connected, at positive terminal AEQWith negative pole end CEQBetween pressure drop be energy-storage travelling wave tube charging.
See Fig. 1, in order to avoid the cell panel within any one battery strings be damaged or other abnormal case and cause whole
Individual photovoltaic module cannot normally work, also can be between the equivalent anode A 1 of battery strings CELL-ST1 and equivalence negative electrode C1
Connecting a diode D1, the anode of diode D1 is connected to equivalence negative electrode C1 negative electrode and is then connected to equivalence anode A 1
Make diode D1 reverse-biased.The similar anode also having a diode D2 is connected to equivalence negative electrode C2 negative electrode and then connects
To equivalence anode A 2, and the anode of a diode D3 is connected to equivalence negative electrode C3 negative electrode and is then connected to equivalence sun
Pole A3.When battery strings CELL-ST1 to CELL-ST3 is working properly, diode D1～D3 is reverse-biased, but works as
When some photovoltaic cell 10 in one of them battery strings is damaged by physical trauma or is blocked, this battery strings can occur what is called
Hot spot effect, affected cell piece be likely to be brought into reverse-biased and power consumption and cause overheated.If but we
Have employed diode D1～D3, for the battery strings being blocked, most current will flow through and the two of battery series-parallel connection
Pole is managed, and can significantly reduce the temperature of hot spot battery strings and prevent the damage of whole photovoltaic module from scrapping.
The utilization rate of photovoltaic cell is mainly affected by both sides: the bulk properties of (1) photovoltaic cell；(2) photovoltaic cell
Periphery use environment such as sunlight irradiance, load state and temperature conditions.Under different external condition, photovoltaic cell can
Operate on difference and unique maximum power point (Maximum Power Point).Therefore for the generating of photovoltaic cell
For system, it should seek the most optimum duty of photovoltaic cell under any illumination condition, with to greatest extent by luminous energy
It is converted into electric energy.For such as the photovoltaic module of Fig. 1, optimize and follow the tracks of the maximum power point of photovoltaic cell, typically
Means are to optimize the overall output voltage of photovoltaic module and output electric current, calculate the output of solar array, and realize
Tracking to maximum power point.The defect of this Optimizing Mode is, only consider to optimize the overall output of photovoltaic module and not to list
Individual battery strings is optimized, but practical situation is, battery strings CELL-ST1 to CELL-ST3 they deposit each other
Photovoltaic property difference between individuality, such as under same illumination condition, the voltage level of each of which output just may not
Identical, then only the entirety to whole photovoltaic module carries out MPPT maximum power point tracking to be just not necessarily preferable power defeated
Do well.The application will do one's utmost to overcome this doubt below, and introduce the most individually CELL-ST1 or CELL-ST2
Or CELL-ST3 carries out independent optimization, it is achieved convert light energy into electric energy to greatest extent.
Seeing Fig. 2, first battery strings CELL-ST1 utilizes the BUCK translation circuit BUCK1 of first buck
Producing the output of desired voltage, in BUCK1 circuit, inductance L1 and electric capacity cap1 forms low pass filter, BUCK1
First input node of circuit is connected to the equivalent anode A 1 of battery strings CELL-ST1, the second input of BUCK1 circuit
Node is connected to the equivalent negative electrode C1 of CELL-ST1, switch S11 and inductance L1 and is connected on the first of BUCK1 circuit
Input node and the first output node B1N1Between.One end of its breaker in middle S11 and the first input joint of BUCK1 circuit
Point is connected, but the second input node of the opposite other end of switch S11 and BUCK1 circuit (or the second output joint
Point B1N2Connect between) and have another to switch S12.Electric capacity cap1 be connected to BUCK1 circuit the first output node and
Between second output node.The ultimate principle of this translation circuit is: the first and second inputs of BUCK1 circuit are from first
Capture power supply between the anode of individual battery strings CELL-ST1 and negative electrode, in switch periods, allow switch S11 connect and to close
Closing S12, the electric current of inductance L1 increases and is electric capacity cap1 charging, then allows switch S11 switch off and on S12, then electricity
The electric current of sense L1 reduces and starts to release energy, and now connects S12 afterflow.
According to identical reason, may refer to shown in Fig. 8, in more representative elaboration it is believed that: arbitrary N
Individual battery strings CELL-STN utilizes the BUCK translation circuit BUCKN of n-th buck defeated to produce desired voltage
Go out (N is the natural number of >=1), an inductance LN and an electric capacity capN group in n-th BUCKN reduction voltage circuit
Becoming low pass filter, the first input node of this n-th BUCKN circuit links n-th battery strings CELL-STN
Equivalence anode A N, the second input node of this n-th BUCKN circuit is connected to the equivalence of n-th CELL-STN
Negative electrode CN, switch SN1 and inductance LN are connected on the first input node and the first output node BN of BUCKN circuitN1
Between.The first input node of n-th BUCKN circuit is coupled in one end of its breaker in middle SN1, switch SN1's
Opposite other end and the first output node BNN1Between be connected to this inductance LN, and switch this opposite other end of SN1
With the second input node of this n-th BUCKN circuit (or the second output node BNN2It is also associated with another between)
Individual switch SN2.This electric capacity capN is connected to the first output node BN of this n-th BUCKN circuitN1Defeated with second
Egress BNN2Between.When in switch both SN1 with SN2, one is connected, another one turns off.
The photovoltaic optimizer of the application can be summarized as: in N level photovoltaic cell string and N level BUCK circuit, any K
Level BUCK circuit includes the inductance L for low-pass filteringKWith electric capacity CAPK, natural number K meets N >=K ＞ 1, arbitrarily
The electric capacity CAP of K level BUCK circuitKIt is connected to the first output node BK of K level BUCK circuitN1With second
Output node BKN2Between.The voltage correspondence output that K level photovoltaic cell string provides is at the of K level BUCK circuit
One output node BKN1With the second output node BKN2Between.Additionally, also set up the first of any rear stage BUCK circuit
Output node BKN1The second output node B (K-1) with previous stage BUCK circuit adjacent theretoN2It is connected, thus we
Can be at the first output node B1 of first first order BUCK circuitN1With the last N level BUCK circuit at end
Second output node BNN2Between, produce and provide total output voltage of this N level photovoltaic cell string.Here photovoltaic cell string
Total progression equal to total progression of BUCK circuit.Observe from the outside of photovoltaic module, with first order BUCK circuit
First output node B1N1The positive terminal A being connectedEQAnd with the second output node BN of N level BUCK circuitN2Phase
A negative pole end C evenEQPair of output mouth as whole photovoltaic module.
Seeing Fig. 2, optimizer, in addition to including N level BUCK circuit, the most at least includes the first of a such as MCU
Controller 110, for first battery strings CELL-ST1 and first order BUCK1 circuit, the first controller 110
The pulse width modulating signal PWM sent drives switch S11 and switch S12 to switch between switching off and on, modulation
The switch respective dutycycle of S11 and S12, in order to realize maximum power point tracking.
See Fig. 3～4, in order to understand the general procedure of maximum power point tracking, the application of the simulation photovoltaic cell that we are rough
Sight.If setting photovoltaic cell to include a DC source USThe adjustable resistance R equivalent with one1, voltage U1It it is mould
Intend the output voltage of photovoltaic cell, voltage U1As the input voltage of blood pressure lowering BUCK circuit, blood pressure lowering BUCK circuit
Output voltage is UO, the voltage U of BUCK outputOIt is applied to equivalent load R2On, the electric current flowing through load is IO, BUCK
The average current input of circuit is I1, and D is the dutycycle that switch S1 connects.BUCK circuit substantially meets
Relational expression U1×I1=UO×IO=(UO)2/R2, and UO=D × U1, and BUCK changer and be supported on ideal situation
Under be considered as an equivalent variable resistance REQ, REQ=U1/I1, therefore calculate REQ=U1/I1=R2/D2, this demonstrate that
The sizes values of outside equivalent resistance can realize regulation according to regulation dutycycle D.If describing simulation photovoltaic with P
Output, then P=U1×US/(R1+REQ), U1=REQ×US/(R1+REQ), by the R in functional relationEQ
Eliminate then P=-(U1)2/R1+US×U1/R1, ideal approximate processing scheme supposes REQ=R1Time photovoltaic electric
Pond can obtain the power output P of maximumMAX=(US)2/4R1.Adjust dutycycle D to be effectively equivalent to adjust output loading
The effect of impedance magnitude, also implies that dutycycle D determines the matching degree of internal resistance and extrernal resistance, thus we can be real-time
Adjust dutycycle D and realize the optimization tracking of peak power MPPT.It should be noted that the approximate processing of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4
It is to prove that the pwm signal that the first controller 110 sends drives switch S11 and switchs S12 when switching, permissible
Realize maximum power point tracking by the dutycycle of modulation switch S11/S12, but this does not indicates that BUCK in the present invention
The actual operation parameters of circuit is necessarily limited to the functional relation of these approximate processing.It addition, in view of those skilled in the art
Member optimizes the number of ways followed the trail of, so these approach are regarded by the application it is known that PWM realizes peak power MPPT
For known technology, as described in this is had by Chinese patent application CN202444444U, CN201608672U.
Based on mentioned above, in the battery strings CELL-ST1 to CELL-ST3 of some photovoltaic module, any one
Individual battery strings can utilize BUCK circuit individually to perform maximum power point tracking order, it is achieved thereby that battery strings
The power optimization of rank, this is that those skilled in the art is happy sees that it becomes.It is mostly photovoltaic group in the prior art
The final output voltage of part carries out power optimization, therefore cannot play the efficiency of each battery strings to greatest extent, but this
Bright well solve this doubt.Especially battery strings local photovoltaic damages or the light that is blocked, or due to photovoltaic string
Between characteristic inconsistent, the low problem of generating efficiency that the negative unfavorable factor such as difference brings be installed also be solved, carry
The high generating efficiency of whole electricity generation system, the depth optimization efficiency of electricity generation system.
In photovoltaic inversion field, the direct voltage source that photovoltaic module produces needs to be converted into alternating current and could realize grid-connected, light
The direct current energy that solaode provides is transformed into AC energy, to meet AC load or to set by the effect of volt inverter exactly
The demand that available is electric and grid-connected, inverter generally has the single-phase or much the most equal inverting of three-phase.Inverse in order to simply explain
Becoming the effect of device, the most exemplary main circuit for power conversion of three phase full bridge 170 that illustrates (can also be single-phase
Or biphase and heterogeneous), the conventional EMC wave filter of three phase full bridge main circuit for power conversion 170 previous stage use and rear stage
The three-phase LC wave filter etc. used is omitted, and change-over circuit 170 can be by electric capacity C in inverterDCUpper storage
DC voltage is converted into alternating current, wherein change-over circuit 170 each constitute inverter bridge switching tube turn on and off master
The pulse width modulating signal PWM to be sent by inverter controller 140 is driven and controls.Due to inverse
DC inverter is converted into alternating current by the effect of the change-over circuit 170 becoming device (Inverter) exactly, its alternative class
Type is the most more known, and is the most not described in detail.
Inverter often incessantly carries out voltage conversion to some with the photovoltaic module of multiple photovoltaic strings, but can be simultaneously to not
Same multiple photovoltaic modulies carry out voltage conversion, the most in the present invention, except the existence between optimizer and photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter
Information is mutual/communication outside, the information that also there is also between different optimizers is mutual/communication.In order to realize this mutually it
Between communication mechanism, Fig. 2 illustrate one can realize communication example, first order BUCK1 circuit first output joint
Point B1N1The second output node B3 with the 3rd level BUCK3 circuit of most endN2Between be in series with a telecommunication circuit, should
Telecommunication circuit includes shunt capacitance C of parallel connectionBYWith bypass resistance RBY, also include a switching device SBY, wherein bypass
Electric capacity CBYWith bypass resistance RBYAfter first parallel connection they again with switching device SBYIt is connected on the first output node B1N1With
Two output node B3N2Between.Such as shunt capacitance CBYWith bypass resistance RBYIt is connected to the after the interconnection of respective one end
One output node B1N1On, shunt capacitance CBYWith bypass resistance RBYIt is connected to out after the interconnection of respective opposite other end
Close device SBYA terminal, switching device SBYAnother terminal be connected to the second output node B3N2On, note
Switching device SBYBeing any type of electrical switch, connection or shutoff between its a pair input/output terminal are applied
The driving of signal controlling end or control in it.In the embodiment of fig. 2, the first controller 110 of optimizer sends
Drive signal except controlling switch S11～S12 of BUCK1, switch S21～S22 of BUCK2, the opening of BUCK3
Closing outside S31～S32, the driving signal that the first controller 110 sends also to drive switch SBYConnection or shutoff.Though
So in figure not signal out, but the first controller 110 can detect the respective output voltage of BUCK1～BUCK3 and defeated
Going out the situations such as electric current, how these information first controllers 110 pass to the second controller 140 or of inverter
How one controller 110 receives the information that second controller 140 sends, and subsequent content will be discussed herein.
See Fig. 2, include shunt capacitance CBY, bypass resistance RBYWith switch SBYTelecommunication circuit in, can first protect
Hold switch SBYThe state being off, if the first controller 110 attempts to carry out information alternately with outside, first controls
The driving signal that device 110 sends quickly redirects into the second logic state (such as from the first logic state (such as low level)
High level) then it is returned to the first logic state, thus the switch S that can connect under high level drivesBYIt is switched on and turns off.
Or the driving signal that the first controller 110 sends quickly redirects into second from the first logic state (such as high level) and patrols
Volume state (such as low level) is then returned to the first logic state, thus the switch S that can connect under low level drivesBY
It is switched on and turns off, switch SBYThis on/off-pass process can be repeatedly.It is believed that controlling switch SBY's
Signal is driven to have rising edge or the trailing edge moment that intimate transient state redirects, it will ON switch SBYAnd produce and flow through communication electricity
The harmonic wave on road or title carrier current, this carrier wave will be injected into and be connected to the first output node B1N1Or it is defeated to be connected to second
Egress B3N2On transmission line on.Can utilize various carrier detection module 120 (such as air core coil sensor or
High-frequency mutual inductor, band filter, solution encoder) from the current information flowed through transmission line, extract telecommunication circuit transmission
Carrier signal be demodulated.Such as inverter or other photovoltaic module can utilize carrier detection module 120 to detect
Certain utilizes telecommunication circuit to send the carrier information that the specific light photovoltaic assembly of information is sent.This carrier information can be according to working as
The front various communication protocols specified are converted into binary element and carry out the mutual of information.
See Fig. 2, in a preferred embodiment, except the first output node B3 at third level BUCK3 circuitN1
With the second output node B3N2Between connect have outside electric capacity cap3, also one switch S33 and this electric capacity cap3 go here and there
Connection, both is connected on the first output node B3 jointlyN1With the second output node B3N2Between, the one of electric capacity cap3
End connects the first output node B3N1And its opposite side and the second output node B3N2Between connect this switch S33, but real
The position switching S33 and electric capacity cap3 on border can be exchanged, namely as option, and one end of switch S33 connects the
One output node B3N1And its relative one end and the second output node B3N2Between connect this electric capacity cap3.At optimizer
The normal operation stage, BUCK1 circuit is to anode A 1 end of battery strings CELL-ST1 and the electricity of negative electrode C1 end output
Potential source carries out blood pressure lowering conversion, and the output voltage of generation falls at the first output node B1 of BUCK1 circuitN1With the second output
Node B1N2Between；Equally, BUCK2 circuit is to anode A 2 end of battery strings CELL-ST2 and the output of negative electrode C2 end
Voltage source carries out blood pressure lowering conversion, and the output voltage of generation falls at the first output node B2 of BUCK2 circuitN1Defeated with second
Egress B2N2Between；And BUCK3 circuit is to anode A 3 end of battery strings CELL-ST3 and the output of negative electrode C3 end
Voltage source carries out blood pressure lowering conversion, and the output voltage of generation falls at the first output node B3 of BUCK3 circuitN1Defeated with second
Egress B3N2Between.According to topology design mode described above, the second output node of the BUCK1 circuit of the first order
B1N2The first output node B2 with the BUCK2 circuit of the second levelN1It is connected, the second of the BUCK2 circuit of the second level
Output node B2N2The first output node B3 with the BUCK3 circuit of the third levelN1It is connected, it is possible to think the first order
The electric capacity cap1 of BUCK1, the electric capacity cap2 of second level BUCK2, the electric capacity cap3 of third level BUCK3 go here and there successively
It is associated in the first output node B1 of first order BUCK1N1The second output node B3 with third level BUCK3N2Between,
It might be that telecommunication circuit breaker in middle SBYWhen carrying out the switching of ON/OFF, due to electric capacity cap1 and electric capacity
Cap2 and electric capacity cap3 three are in parallel with telecommunication circuit again after connecting, and voltage excessive the causing on electric capacity cap1～cap3 draws
The carrier signal sent out faint even cannot form effective carrier wave, so also additional designs switch S33 above.Excellent
Changing device and do not enable telecommunication circuit, the stage of BUCK1～BUCK3 normal operation circuit, switch S33 is controlled by first
The control of device 110 is in always on state, only ON switch S when optimizer prepares to enable telecommunication circuitBY's
During situation, preferably by the first controller 110, switch S33 is turned off (communication stage), will be originally normally connected to
First output node B1 of first order BUCK1N1The second output node B3 with third level BUCK3N2Between electric capacity
String cap1～cap3, from the first output node B1N1With the second output node B3N2Between formed open circuit, connect the most again
Switch SBYInstantaneous, will with the first output node B1N1Or the second output node B3N2Be connected be used for voltage is provided
Voltage transmission line on produce the most substantially and be easily detected the carrier signal that module 120 captures.
See Fig. 5～6, be the topology slightly changed on the basis of Fig. 2, in fig. 2 a switch S33 and an electricity
Hold cap3 and be jointly connected on the first output node B3 of BUCK3 circuitN1With the second output node B3N2Between, but
In the 5 embodiment of figure 5, the switch S33 of BUCK3 circuit is abandoned, and the substitute is at the of BUCK2 circuit
One output node B2N1With the second output node B2N2Between connect one switch a S23 and electric capacity cap2.At Fig. 6
Embodiment in, switch S23 and S33 of BUCK2～BUCK3 circuit is abandoned, and substituted is at BUCK1 circuit
The first output node B1N1With the second output node B1N2Between connect one switch a S13 and electric capacity cap1.Nothing
Opinion is any topology in Fig. 5～6, prepares ON switch S when optimizer enables telecommunication circuitBYTime, preferably by
Switch S13 (or S23 or S33) is turned off by one controller 110, then switching switch SBYIt is allowed to turn on and off
Program, performs the communication process of telecommunication circuit, and telecommunication circuit is after completing communication, it should turn off switch SBYWith connect
Open up pass S13 (or S23 or S33).See Fig. 7, be the topology slightly changed on the basis of Fig. 2, wherein bypass
Electric capacity CBYWith bypass resistance RBYThe second output node B3 it is connected to the most in the lump after the interconnection of respective one endN2On, and other
Road electric capacity CBYWith bypass resistance RBYSwitching device S it is connected to the most in the lump after the interconnection of respective opposite other endBYAn end
Son, switching device SBYAnother terminal correspondence be connected to the first output node B1N1On.Be equivalent in telecommunication circuit other
Road electric capacity CBYWith bypass resistance RBYBoth and switching device SBYPosition exchange relative to Fig. 2.The optimization of Fig. 7
Continued flow switch (S12, S22, S32 in such as Fig. 2) in BUCK circuit at different levels can also be replaced to afterflow by device
Diode.Noticing that the S12 diode D12 in BUCK1 replaces, switch S11 and inductance L1 is connected on BUCK1
First input node of circuit and the first output node B1N1Between, but switch S11 and the interconnective node of inductance L1
With the second input node of BUCK1 circuit (or the second output node B1N2Connect between) and have diode D12.Wherein
One end of switch S11 is connected with the first input node of BUCK1 circuit, and the negative electrode of diode D12 is connected to switch S11
Opposite other end on, the negative electrode of diode D12 also be also connected to switch S11 and inductance L1 interconnection node at, two
The anode of pole pipe D12 is then connected to the second input node (or second output node B1 of BUCK1 circuitN2On).Phase
Same reason, replaces in switch S22, BUCK3 circuit with diode D32 generation with diode D22 in BUCK2 circuit
For switch S32, owing to the circuit structure of BUCK2～BUCK3 is similar with BUCK1, therefore it will not go into details.
By the agency of the most, inverter needs based on a variety of causes and optimizer carries out information alternately, such as assigns optimizer
Various command request optimizers perform corresponding order, so being the most also inverter design command unit.See
Shown in Fig. 9, the supply voltage provided based on three grades of battery strings of conversion and three grades of BUCK circuit, inverter includes a storage
Can electric capacity CDC, wherein, electric energy is at the first output node B1 with first order BUCK1 circuitN1The voltage transmission being connected
Line LINA and at the second output node B3 with the BUCK3 circuit of final stageN2The voltage transmission line LINB being connected is enterprising
Row transmission, notices that the electric energy transmitted here should be the photovoltaic electric that battery strings CELL-ST1 to CELL-ST3 produces jointly
Source voltage, and the electric capacity C of inverterDCTwo ends correspondence is coupled on this pair voltage transmission line LINA～LINB and receives
The electric energy of they transmission.The command unit of inverter includes resistance RINSWith switch SINS, resistance RINSWith switch SINSString
Join, and they are connected on the first output node B1 with first order BUCK1N1Be connected voltage transmission line LINA and
The second output node B3 with third level BUCK3N2Between the voltage transmission line LINB being connected.In addition, it is assumed that
Inverter has first input node NIN1With second input node NIN2, the first input node NIN1By passing
Defeated line LINA is coupled to the first output node B1 of first order BUCK1N1, the second corresponding input node NIN2By passing
Defeated line LINB is coupled to the second output node B3 of the BUCK3 of final stageN2, resistance RINSWith switch SINSJust concatenation
In the first input node NIN1With the second input node NIN2Between.Additionally in the first input node NIN1Electricity with inverter
Hold CDCOne end between connect and have the first turn-off module 180A, and in the second input node NIN2Electric capacity with inverter
CDCOpposite other end between connect have the second turn-off module 180B.Wherein, the first turn-off module 180A includes out
Close SD1With switch SD2And resistance RD1If switching SD2And resistance RD1After both first series connection, they switch with another again
SD1Parallel connection, is equivalent to switch SD1It is directly coupled to the first input node NIN1With electric capacity CDCThe first end between, and concatenate
Switch SD2And resistance RD1Also the first input node N it is connected inIN1With electric capacity CDCThe first end between.According to identical
Principle, the second turn-off module 180B includes switch SD3With switch SD4And resistance RD2If switching SD4And resistance RD2
After both first series connection, they switch S with another againD3Parallel connection, is equivalent to switch SD3It is directly coupled to the second input node NIN2
With electric capacity CDCThe second end between, and the switch S concatenatedD4And resistance RD2Also the second input node N it is connected inIN2And electricity
Hold CDCThe second end between.The connection of the first turn-off module 180A and the second turn-off module 180B each switch respective
Or shutoff is all driven by the second controller 140 of inverter, and the switch S in command unitINSTurn on and off also
Driven by the second controller 140 of inverter.Final at electric capacity CDCThe first end and the second end between store desired
DC source, for inverter, with electric capacity CDCThe first end be connected the sub-A of DC output endINVAnd with electric capacity
CDCThe second end be connected the sub-C of DC output endINVChange-over circuit 170 in Fig. 2 provides unidirectional current, conversion electricity
It is grid-connected that DC inverter is converted into alternating current by road 170 again.
Inverter may be incorporated to new photovoltaic module at any time according to the actual requirements, such as except in Fig. 9 one with three
The photovoltaic module PV-Arr1 of level photovoltaic string is grid-connected to outside inverter, it is also possible in the first input node NIN1Defeated with second
Ingress NIN2On seal in other photovoltaic module PV-Arr2, PV-Arr3 or more, photovoltaic module PV-Arr1 and photovoltaic
Assembly PV-Arr2 and this three of photovoltaic module PV-Arr3 (or greater number) is the relation being serially connected.Although inverter
In can seal in new photovoltaic module at any time, but be newly introduced a photovoltaic module every time, all may be potential cause is first defeated
Ingress NIN1With the second input node NIN2On pour in the high voltage of moment, allow the components and parts of inverter exceed receivable
Outside pressure degree, so now should first allow the first turn-off module 180A and the second turn-off module 180B disconnect, such as
Second controller 140 drives their switch SD1～SD4It is both off, the most again the output voltage of photovoltaic module is sealed in
First input node N of inverterIN1With the second input node NIN2On.Owing to the first turn-off module 180A and second breaks
Road module 180B disconnects, the first input node NIN1With electric capacity CDCFirst end disconnect, the second input node NIN1With
Electric capacity CDCThe second end disconnect, so electric capacity CDCIt was not exposed to compressive stress and was protected.Waiting that each newly draws
After the output voltage of the photovoltaic module entered is incorporated into inverter, then connect the switch S in the first turn-off module 180AD2With connect
Switch S in logical second turn-off module 180BD4, now resistance RD1～RD2Play the effect of ballast, follow-up connect the most completely
Switch S in logical first turn-off module 180AD1With the switch S connected in the second turn-off module 180BD3, the most completely
Terminate new photovoltaic module is incorporated into the step among inverter.
Photovoltaic cell/optimizer is the same with other electronic equipment with supporting inverter, it may occur that fault is likely to need
Periodically to carry out repair and maintenance, but they with electric energy rank belong to forceful electric power category and the person existed security threat, how
Allowing optimizer shutdown or entrance protected mode reliably is to treat harshly a difficult problem for solution.See Fig. 9, the command unit bag of inverter
Include the first input node N being serially connected in inverterIN1With the second input node NIN2Between resistance RINSWith switch SINS, should
Switch SINSTurn on and off and all driven by the second controller 140 of inverter.Optimize when inverter sends instruction instruction
During device shutdown, the driving signal that second controller 140 sends quickly redirects into from the first logic state (such as low level)
Second logic state (such as high level) is then returned to the first logic state, thus holding of can connecting under high level drives
Close SINSIt is switched on and turns off, switch SINSThis on/off-pass process can be repeatedly.Or the first controller 140
It is right that the driving signal sent quickly redirects into the second logic state (such as low level) from the first logic state (such as high level)
After be returned to the first logic state, thus the switch S that can connect under low level drivesINSIt is switched on and turns off.Can recognize
For controlling switch SINSThe signal that drives there is rising edge or the trailing edge moment that intimate transient state redirects, can ON switch SINS
And produce and flow through the harmonic wave of command unit or claim carrier current, this carrier wave will be injected into the first input joint being connected to inverter
Point NIN1Transmission line LINA and/or be connected to the second input node NIN2On transmission line LINB, due to optimizer
First output node B1 of middle first order BUCK1 circuitN1It is coupled to the first defeated of inverter by transmission line LINA
Ingress NIN1, the second output node B3 of third level BUCK3 circuit in optimizerN2Coupled by transmission line LINB
The second input node N to inverterIN2, so optimizer can utilize various carrier detection module, (such as air core coil passes
Sensor or high-frequency mutual inductor, band filter, solution encoder) in current information from transmission line LINA or LINB
The carrier signal extracting command unit transmission is demodulated.This carrier information carrying instruction can be according to currently assigned
Various communication protocols are converted into binary element and carry out the mutual of information.
After first controller 110 of optimizer receives the carrier signal that command unit sends, owing to instruction is to tell first
Controller 110 turns off each BUCK circuit, and therefore the driving signal of the first controller 110 output can directly turn off the
Switch S11～S12 in one-level BUCK1, turns off switch S21～S22 in the BUCK2 of the second level, and turns off the 3rd
Switch S31～S32 in level BUCK3.Thereby BUCK1～BUCK3 circuit direct end voltage translation function and enter
Enter so-called shutdown or the first output node B1 of protected mode, i.e. first order BUCK1N1The BUCK3's of final stage
Second output node B3N2No longer on transmission line LINA or LINB, carry electric energy.So we are safe and reliable from inverse
Become device side and achieve the shutdown to optimizer.In a preferred embodiment, when the first controller 110 receives finger
After making the carrier signal that unit sends, the driving signal that also should export connects by-pass switch SBY, therefore telecommunication circuit is now
Can be as the branch road of releasing of voltage above release cap1～cap3.In a preferred embodiment, once inverter is beaten
When calculation sends instruction instruction optimizer shutdown, the driving signal that second controller 140 sends should break first by look-ahead
Road module 180A and the second turn-off module 180B disconnect, namely control the switch S of the first turn-off module 180AD1With open
Close SD2It is first turned off, and controls the switch S of the second turn-off module 180BD3With switch SD4It is first turned off, now inverter
Command unit captures the first output node B1 of first order BUCK1 circuitN1The second of the BUCK3 circuit of final stage
Output node B3N2Between voltage (by cap1, cap2 and cap3 provide) as power supply, therefore produce load
Ripple signal and send shutdown command, the electric capacity C of inverterDCAnd it is open circuit between command unit.
Discussed above is inverter side by the way of communication, turn off the mechanism of optimizer, equally can also be to place at inverter side
Optimizer in off-mode carries out starting start.First the driving signal that second controller 140 sends should look-ahead
First turn-off module 180A and the second turn-off module 180B is connected and forms path, namely control the first turn-off module 180A
Switch SD1With switch SD2First connect, and also control the switch S of the second turn-off module 180BD3With switch SD4First
Connect, now the first input node N of inverterIN1It is coupled to the first defeated of first order BUCK1 by transmission line LINA
Egress B1N1, the second input node N of inverterIN2Be coupled to by transmission line LINB final stage BUCK3
Two output node B3N2, now the first output node B1 of first order BUCK1 circuit in optimizerN1The of final stage
Second output node B3 of three grades of BUCK3 circuitN2Between electric capacity (cap1, cap2 and cap3) receive inverter
Electric capacity CDCTransmission electric charge out, notices that switching S33 (or S13 or S23 in Fig. 5～6) can be in connecing
Logical state, then mean electric capacity CDCCan charge to electric capacity (cap1, cap2 and cap3), and first controls
Device 110 directly can be powered by photovoltaic cell, and when the first controller 110 detects the first output node B1N1With
Two output node B3N2Between voltage increase after, it is possible to send enabled instruction, namely the first controller 110 send
Signal is driven to start switch S11～S12 in first order BUCK1 is carried out the switching of ON/OFF, and to the second level
Switch S21～S22 in BUCK2 carries out the switching of ON/OFF, to switch S31～S32 in third level BUCK3
Carrying out the switching of ON/OFF, therefore BUCK1～BUCK3 circuit starts to launch into duty, so far completes out
Machine program.Above start detection process can have multiple choices, as long as the first controller 110 detects optimizer and connects
Having arrived transmission line LINA～LINB from the electric energy that inverter transmits is it is believed that receive start-up command.
Seeing Figure 10, be slightly different with Fig. 9, in Fig. 9, optimizer can utilize various carrier detection module (the most hollow
Coil pickoff or high-frequency mutual inductor, band filter, solution encoder) electric current from transmission line LINA or LINB
The carrier signal extracting command unit transmission in information is demodulated, but first order BUCK1 electricity in the embodiment of Figure 10
The first output node B1 on roadN1The first input node N with inverterIN1Between can connect a diverter 121, or
It is the second output node B3 of the BUCK3 circuit of final stageN2The second input node N with inverterIN2Between connect one
Diverter 121, diverter 121 can detect the curent change on voltage transmission line LINA～LINB here, therefore divides
Stream device 121 can substitute the elements such as original coil pickoff or high-frequency mutual inductor as detection module.Such as first controls
Device 110 can detect the first output node B1 by diverter 121N1With the second output node B3N2Between electric current/
Change in voltage, thus start to start or close BUCK1～BUCK3 circuit, complete machine open/close program.
See Figure 11, in view of the application all of the above is almost both for multistage BUCK circuit and multistage photovoltaic cell
String carries out the explaination of power optimization, in order to avoid reader produces that present invention content seems cannot be for single-stage BUCK
The misunderstanding that circuit and single-stage photovoltaic cell string are optimized, sees the scheme of Figure 11.The first of first order BUCK1 circuit
Input is coupled to the positive terminal A1 of battery strings CELL-ST1, and the second input of first order BUCK1 circuit is coupled to
The negative pole end C1 of battery strings CELL-ST1, first order BUCK1 circuit receives battery strings CELL-ST1 and produces voltage source,
And its blood pressure lowering is converted into the first output node B1 by first order BUCK1N1With the second output node B1N2Between output electricity
Pressure and/or output electric current.It addition, electric energy is at the first output node B1 with first order BUCK1 circuitN1The voltage being connected
Transmission line LINA and at the second output node B1 with first order BUCK1 circuitN2On the voltage transmission line LINB being connected
Being transmitted, the electric energy transmitted here is the photo-voltaic power supply voltage that battery strings CELL-ST1 produces.The electric capacity C of inverterDC
The first and second end correspondences be coupled on this pair voltage transmission line LINA～LINB and receive they transmission electric energy.Its
First input node N of middle inverterIN1The first output joint of first order BUCK1 circuit it is coupled to by transmission line LINA
Point B1N1, and the second input node N of inverterIN2The of this first order BUCK1 it is coupled to by transmission line LINB
Two output node B1N2.Additionally, the first output node B1 of first order BUCK1 circuitN1With first order BUCK1
Second output node B1N2Between be in series with a telecommunication circuit, this telecommunication circuit include parallel connection shunt capacitance CBYAnd side
Road resistance RBY, also include switching device SBY, wherein shunt capacitance CBYWith bypass resistance RBYAfter first parallel connection they again and
Switching device SBYIt is connected on the first output node B1N1With the second output node B1N2Between.Due to single-stage BUCK electricity
Road carries out the mechanism of power conversion to the voltage that single-stage photovoltaic cell exports, with multistage BUCK circuit to multistage photovoltaic cell
The mechanism that the voltage of output carries out power conversion does not has the biggest difference, and they are only topological structure slightly difference, the most not
Crossing in multi-level scheme, inverter is by the first output node B1 of the first order BUCK1 circuit of power optimization deviceN1Finally
Second output node B3 of one-level BUCK3 circuitN2Between the converting direct-current power into alternating-current power of output, and at single-stage solution
In, inverter is by the first output node B1 of the first order BUCK1 circuit of power optimization deviceN1With first order BUCK1
Second output node B1 of circuitN2Between output converting direct-current power into alternating-current power, therefore Fig. 1～Figure 10 hereinbefore begs for
The various embodiments of opinion and technical characteristic are suitable for Figure 11 equally.
Seeing Figure 12, photovoltaic generating system includes multiple power levels optimizer OPT1, OPT2 ... OPTM, here
Natural number M is more than 1.Multistage BUCK1～BUCK3 every one-level power optimization device (such as with OPT1 as example)
In circuit, the first output node B1 of first first order BUCK1 circuitN1It is defined as this one-level power optimization device OPT1
First equivalence outfan OUT1, the second output node B3 of the afterbody BUCK3 circuit at endN2It is defined as this
The second equivalence outfan OUT2 of one-level power optimization device OPT1, as multiple power levels optimizer OPT1, OPT2 ...
OPTM is sequentially connected when being serially connected, if appointing in this multiple power levels optimizer (OPT1, OPT2 ... OPTM)
First equivalence outfan OUT1 and previous stage power adjacent thereto of meaning rear stage power optimization device (such as OPT2)
Second equivalence outfan OUT2 of optimizer (such as OPT1) is connected, according to this rule all of power optimization device
OPT1, OPT2 ... OPTM are concatenated, thus we can be at the first order power of multiple power levels optimizer
The second equivalence outfan of the first equivalence outfan OUT1 and afterbody power optimization device OPTM of optimizer OPT1
Total output voltage is formed between OUT2, and as transmitting DC to inverter.Figure 12 illustrates multiple power levels
Optimizer OPT1, OPT2 ... OPTM are as the example of direct current power supply person, first first order power optimization device
(the multilevel optimization's device i.e. concatenated is for be connected with outside inverter circuit one just for the first equivalence outfan OUT1 of OPT1
The first input node N of inverter extremely) it is coupled to by transmission line LINAIN1, the afterbody power optimization at end
The second equivalence outfan OUT2 of device OPTM (the multilevel optimization's device i.e. concatenated for be connected with outside inverter circuit one
Individual negative pole end) the second input node N of inverter it is coupled to by transmission line LINBIN2。
Seeing Figure 13, unlike each embodiment above, the circuit structure ratio of telecommunication circuit and/or command unit is above
The mode introduced slightly is changed.In the telecommunication circuit of Figure 13, first by electric capacity CBYWith first resistance RBYParallel connection, example
Such as electric capacity CBYTwo ends on be parallel with first resistance RBY, and electric capacity CBYOne end and first order BUCK1 circuit
The first output node B1N1Connect between (or first equivalence outfan) and have other second resistor RBY1, and should
Electric capacity CBYOpposite other end and the of end afterbody BUCK circuit (being now third level BUCK3 circuit)
Two output node B3N1It is connected to switch S between (or second equivalence outfan)BY.Actually electric capacity CBYWith second
Resistance RBY1And switch SBYAs long as this three series connection, among them, arbitrarily both position can arbitrarily be exchanged.
The more optional topological structure of telecommunication circuit can not be adopted the scheme of Figure 13 but can realize identical function.Such as will
Second resistor RBY1With switch SBYPosition exchange: namely electric capacity CBYOne end and first order BUCK1 circuit
First output node B1N1Between connect have switch SBY, electric capacity CBYOpposite other end and afterbody BUCK circuit
The second output node B3N1Between connect have second resistor RBY1, the most again at electric capacity CBYOne end with relative another
One and electric capacity C is connected between endBYFirst the resistance R being in parallelBY(this conceptual scheme does not illustrates).
Or in telecommunication circuit: electric capacity CBYOne end directly and the first output node B1 of first order BUCK1 circuitN1
It is connected, electric capacity CBYOpposite other end and the second output node B3 of afterbody BUCK circuitN1Between connect have string
One switch S of connectionBYWith a second resistor RBY1, the switch S that now concatenatesBYWith second resistor RBY1Both
Position can exchange.The most again at electric capacity CBYOne end and opposite other end between connect one and electric capacity CBYIt is in parallel
First resistance RBY(this conceptual scheme does not illustrates).
Or in telecommunication circuit: electric capacity CBYOne end and the second output node B3 of afterbody BUCK circuitN1Directly
It is connected, electric capacity CBYOpposite other end and the first output node B1 of first order BUCK1 circuitN1Between connect have string
One switch S of connectionBYWith a second resistor RBY1, the switch S that now concatenatesBYWith second resistor RBY1Both
Position can exchange.The most again at electric capacity CBYOne end and opposite other end between connect one and electric capacity CBYIt is in parallel
First resistance RBY(this conceptual scheme does not illustrates).
See Figure 13, in instruction unit circuitry, first by first resistance RINSWith electric capacity CINSParallel connection, such as first
Resistance RINSTwo ends on be parallel with electric capacity CINS, and first resistance RINSOne end and inverter first input joint
Point NIN1Between connect have another one second resistor RINS1, this first resistance RINSOpposite other end and inverter
The second input node NIN2Between be connected to one switch SINS.If actually first resistance RINSWith second electricity
Resistance RINS1And switch SINSThis three connects, and among them, arbitrarily both position can arbitrarily be exchanged.
The more optional topological structure of command unit can not be adopted the scheme of Figure 13 but can realize identical function.Such as will
Second resistor RINS1With switch SINSPosition exchange: namely first resistance RINSOne end and inverter first defeated
Ingress NIN1Between connect have switch SINS, first resistance RINSOpposite other end and inverter second input joint
Point NIN2Between connect have second resistor RINS1, the most again at first resistance RINSOne end and opposite other end between
Connect one and first resistance RINSThe electric capacity C being in parallelINS(this conceptual scheme does not illustrates).
Or in instruction unit circuitry: first resistance RINSOne end directly and the first input node N of inverterIN1Phase
Even, first resistance RINSOpposite other end and the second input node N of inverterIN2Between connect have opening of series connection
Close SINSWith a second resistor RINS1, the switch S that now concatenatesINSWith second resistor RINS1Both positions can
To exchange.Again at first resistance RINSOne end and opposite other end between connect one and first resistance RINSThe most also
The electric capacity C of connectionINS(this conceptual scheme does not illustrates).
Or in instruction unit circuitry: first resistance RINSOne end and the second input node N of inverterIN2Directly phase
Even, first resistance RINSOpposite other end and the first input node N of inverterIN1Between connect and have of series connection
Switch SINSWith a second resistor RINS1, the switch S that now concatenatesINSWith second resistor RINS1Both positions
Can exchange.Again at first resistance RINSOne end and opposite other end between connect one and first resistance RINSPhase
Electric capacity C in parallelINS(this conceptual scheme does not illustrates).
Above, by explanation and accompanying drawing, giving the exemplary embodiments of the ad hoc structure of detailed description of the invention, foregoing invention carries
Go out existing preferred embodiment, but these contents have been not intended as limitation.For a person skilled in the art, in reading
State bright after, various changes and modifications will be apparent to undoubtedly.Therefore, appending claims should be regarded as and contains this
Bright true intention and whole variations and modifications of scope.In Claims scope, the scope of any and all equivalence is with interior
Hold, be all considered as still belonging to the intent and scope of the invention.
Claims (23)
1. a power optimization device, for carrying out voltage conversion to one or more levels photovoltaic cell string, it is characterised in that bag
Include one or more levels BUCK circuit, wherein:
Arbitrarily the first and second inputs of one-level BUCK circuit are respectively coupled to corresponding one-level photovoltaic cell string
Positive terminal and negative pole end；And an output capacitance of any one-level BUCK circuit is connected to this any one-level BUCK electricity
Between first output node and second output node on road；
When the quantity of photovoltaic cell string and BUCK circuit is one-level, now the first output of the BUCK circuit of single-stage
Node definition is that the second output node of the BUCK circuit of the first equivalence outfan of described power optimization device and single-stage is fixed
Justice is the second equivalence outfan of described power optimization device；Or
When the quantity of photovoltaic cell string and BUCK circuit is multistage, any rear stage in multistage BUCK circuit is set
First output node of BUCK circuit is connected with the second output node of previous stage BUCK circuit adjacent thereto, will be many
In level BUCK circuit, the first output node of first order BUCK circuit is defined as the first equivalence output of this power optimization device
Second output node of end and afterbody BUCK circuit is defined as the second equivalence outfan of this power optimization device；
Thus total output voltage of this one or more levels photovoltaic cell string is provided between this first and second equivalences outfan.
Power optimization device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described power optimization device also includes that one leads to
Letter circuit, this telecommunication circuit is connected between the first and second equivalence outfans of described power optimization device, for each
On the transmission line that first equivalence outfan of power optimization device is connected and/or at the transmission line being connected with the second equivalence outfan
Form communication carrier on road, send communications out information realizing each described power optimization device.
Power optimization device the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that wherein:
This telecommunication circuit includes the first switch and shunt capacitance of series connection, and the first equivalence that they are serially connected in this power optimization device is defeated
Going out between end with the second equivalence outfan, also bypass resistance is connected in parallel on the two ends of this shunt capacitance；Or
This telecommunication circuit includes a resistance of series connection, the first switch and shunt capacitance, and they are serially connected in this power optimization device
Between first equivalence outfan and the second equivalence outfan, and bypass resistance is connected in parallel on the two ends of this shunt capacitance.
Power optimization device the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described power optimization device also includes one
One controller, this first switch was controlled by this first controller for the stage sending the communication information at described power optimization device
Switch off and on and switch between state, in order to produce the carrier current flowing through this telecommunication circuit, note in the moment of the first switch connection
Enter on this transmission line with for forming communication carrier.
Power optimization device the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described power optimization device also includes arranging
Second switch in any one-level BUCK circuit；
In any one-level BUCK circuit with second switch, its output capacitance is serially connected in this together with second switch
Between first output node and second output node of meaning one-level BUCK circuit.
Power optimization device the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that this second switch is at this power optimization
Device sends the stage of the communication information and is switched to off state by this first controller, with by the first of described power optimization device and the
Given open circuit by the branch road of each transmission capacitance series between two equivalence outfans, and it is logical to terminate transmission at described power optimization device
After letter information, this second switch is controlled to switch to on-state by the first controller.
Power optimization device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that every one-level BUCK circuit all includes connecting
Master switch between its first input end and the first output node and inductance, this master switch and this inductance are connected in one
At individual interconnecting nodes；And
Connect between this interconnecting nodes and the second input and have continued flow switch or fly-wheel diode, each of which level BUCK
Second input of circuit and the second output node are connected.
Power optimization device the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that also include detection module, for from institute
State and detect and extract communication carrier on the transmission line that the first and/or second equivalence outfan of power optimization device is connected, and by
One the first controller of described power optimization device receives this communication information from detection module.
Power optimization device the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that this detection module is high frequency sensors, band
Any one in bandpass filter, codec, diverter.
Power optimization device the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that this first controller is additionally operable in this inspection
Survey module controls all BUCK circuit end voltage translation functions and enters when detecting the communication information of shutdown or dormancy instruction
Entering shutdown or resting state, now the first controller is additionally operable to control described first switch and switches to on-state, in order to should
Telecommunication circuit is converted on the transmission electric capacity of each concatenation between the first and second equivalence outfans of described power optimization device
The branch road of releasing of residual electricity.
The communication means of 11. 1 kinds of power optimization devices, this power optimization device is for carrying out one or more levels photovoltaic cell string
Voltage is changed, it is characterised in that this power optimization device includes one or more levels BUCK circuit, wherein:
Arbitrarily the first and second inputs of one-level BUCK circuit are respectively coupled to corresponding one-level photovoltaic cell string
Positive terminal and negative pole end；And an output capacitance of any one-level BUCK circuit is connected to this any one-level BUCK electricity
Between first output node and second output node on road；
When the quantity of photovoltaic cell string and BUCK circuit is one-level, now the first output of the BUCK circuit of single-stage
Node definition is that the second output node of the BUCK circuit of the first equivalence outfan of described power optimization device and single-stage is fixed
Justice is the second equivalence outfan of described power optimization device；Or
When the quantity of photovoltaic cell string and BUCK circuit is multistage, any rear stage in multistage BUCK circuit is set
First output node of BUCK circuit is connected with the second output node of previous stage BUCK circuit adjacent thereto, will be many
In level BUCK circuit, the first output node of first order BUCK circuit is defined as the first equivalence output of this power optimization device
Second output node of end and afterbody BUCK circuit is defined as the second equivalence outfan of this power optimization device；
One telecommunication circuit with one first switch and shunt capacitance be serially connected in the first and the of this power optimization device
Between two equivalence outfans；
This power optimization device send the communication information time, this power optimization device first controller control first switch connect and
Switch between shutoff, in order to produce in the moment of the first switch connection and flow through the carrier current of this telecommunication circuit, and be injected into
Communication carrier is formed on the transmission line that first and/or second equivalence outfan is connected.
12. methods according to claim 11, it is characterised in that this power optimization device also includes detection module, use
In detecting and extract PERCOM peripheral communication carrier wave on the transmission line being connected with the first and/or second equivalence outfan.
13. methods according to claim 11, it is characterised in that described power optimization device also includes may be provided at and appoints
Second switch in meaning one-level BUCK circuit, this second switch is gone here and there together with the output capacitance of any one-level BUCK circuit
It is connected between the first output node and second output node of this any one-level BUCK circuit；
When this power optimization device sends the communication information, the second switch that this first controller controls originally to connect switches to turn off
State, until after this power optimization device terminates to send communication information program, this first controller just controls this second switch and cuts
Change on-state into.
14. methods according to claim 12, it is characterised in that detect shutdown or dormancy instruction at detection module
The communication information time, this first controller receives this command information from detection module and controls BUCK circuit end voltage and turn
Changing function and enter shutdown or resting state, described first switch of now this first controller control switches to on-state.
15. methods according to claim 11, it is characterised in that described first controller is additionally operable to detect described merit
Whether rate optimizer receives the voltage come in from the first and/or second equivalence outfan transmission and/or electric current, if then this
One controller controls many groups BUCK circuit of this power optimization device and starts to perform voltage conversion function to realize start.
16. methods according to claim 11, it is characterised in that wherein:
This telecommunication circuit includes the first switch and shunt capacitance of series connection, and the first equivalence that they are serially connected in this power optimization device is defeated
Going out between end with the second equivalence outfan, also bypass resistance is connected in parallel on the two ends of this shunt capacitance；Or
This telecommunication circuit includes a resistance of series connection, the first switch and shunt capacitance, and they are serially connected in this power optimization device
Between first equivalence outfan and the second equivalence outfan, and bypass resistance is connected in parallel on the two ends of this shunt capacitance.
17. 1 kinds of power optimization devices, it is characterised in that include multistage BUCK circuit, wherein:
The voltage step-down conversion output that arbitrarily one-level BUCK circuit is all received is in an output capacitance and multistage
The respective output capacitance of BUCK circuit is all cascaded, thus the voltage of institute's superposition in the output capacitance connected by these
The output voltage of this power optimization device is provided.
18. power optimization devices according to claim 17, it is characterised in that set multiple described power optimization device phase
Series connection mutually, the most all of multiple described respective output voltages of power optimization device are superimposed and are collectively forming multiple described merit
Total output voltage of rate optimizer.
19. power optimization devices according to claim 17, it is characterised in that also include one in this power optimization device
Telecommunication circuit, after the respective output capacitances of BUCK circuit at different levels are first connected, these output capacitances being serially connected again and
This telecommunication circuit is in parallel；Wherein:
This telecommunication circuit include series connection first switch and shunt capacitance, they first connect after again with in BUCK circuit at different levels
The output capacitance that is serially connected is in parallel, and also bypass resistance is connected in parallel on the two ends of this shunt capacitance；Or
This telecommunication circuit include series connection a resistance, first switch and shunt capacitance, they first connect after again with at different levels
The output capacitance being serially connected in BUCK circuit is in parallel, and also a bypass resistor coupled in parallel is at the two ends of this shunt capacitance.
20. power optimization devices according to claim 17, it is characterised in that also include any one-level being arranged on it
Or the second switch in multistage BUCK circuit, and its output electricity in any one-level BUCK circuit with second switch
Hold a corresponding and second switch concatenation；
The voltage step-down conversion thereby received with any one-level BUCK circuit of second switch exports the concatenation at it
In one output capacitance of second switch.
21. power optimization devices according to claim 19, it is characterised in that described telecommunication circuit includes the first work
Pattern: send this first switch of stage of the communication information for cutting switching off and on high frequency between state at this power optimization device
Change, in order to produce the carrier current flowing through this telecommunication circuit in the moment of the first switch connection, be injected into and be connected with telecommunication circuit
Transmission line on be used for form communication carrier.
22. power optimization devices according to claim 19, it is characterised in that described telecommunication circuit includes the second work
Pattern: switch to on-state, in order to by this telecommunication circuit at this first switch of the stage of the shutdown of this power optimization device or dormancy
It is converted in multistage BUCK circuit the branch road of releasing remaining electricity on the transmission electric capacity of each concatenation.
23. power optimization devices according to claim 17, it is characterised in that also include it being high frequency sensors, carry and lead to
Any one detection module in the middle of wave filter, codec, diverter, this power optimization device outwards transmits and provides it defeated
Go out the communication carrier loaded on the transmission line of voltage to be detected by this detection module and extracted.
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