CN105933063B - A kind of fiber-optic signal processing method, device and optical fiber sensing system - Google Patents
A kind of fiber-optic signal processing method, device and optical fiber sensing system Download PDFInfo
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- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fiber-optic signal processing method, device and optical fiber sensing system, this method to include：Processing terminal obtains multiple Optical fibre sampling signals that a certain position of corresponding optical fiber collects whithin a period of time；Singular value decomposition is carried out to the matrix that the multiple Optical fibre sampling signal is constituted using svd algorithm and obtains multiple submatrixs；The maximum submatrix of singular value is obtained, and the every row element for extracting the maximum submatrix of the singular value is combined into one-dimensional signal to collect；The fiber-optic signal that the one-dimensional signal generated within described a period of time as a certain position of the optical fiber after wavelet noise.By the above-mentioned means, the present invention can effectively eliminate the noise of fiber-optic signal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fiber optic communication fields, more particularly to a kind of fiber-optic signal processing method, device and Fibre Optical Sensor
System.
Background technology
As optical fiber processing technology develops, optical fiber has been used as sensor application in various field of detecting, for measuring periphery
Environmental aspect, for example whether having, object passes through and the object is specifically what.When fibre optical sensor is influenced by external interference
When, the part of properties of transmission light will change in optical fiber, the optical signal of light level system reception optical fiber, and carry out photoelectricity and turn
It changes, the feature of electric signal is to judge the change of its light characteristic after analysis conversion, and then determines the environmental aspect of optical fiber corresponding position,
For example, there is vehicle to swarm into, and then can realize the monitoring to environment.
Optical fiber is measured wavelength as sensitivity, it overcomes traditional optical sensor-based system by light source fluctuating, bending loss of optical fiber
And the shortcomings that junction loss influence, the vibration of vibration source generation can be measured in strong electromagnetic, high temperature and corrosive environment
Signal.One of optical fiber sensing system core is exactly that the demodulation of Wavelength-encoding is carried out to the optical signal that optical fiber transmits out,
However, demodulated vibration signal is often existed simultaneously with noise, therefore the interference of noise how is effectively eliminated, utmostly
Original vibration signal is extracted, at the key of optical fiber sensing system.
Invention content
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a kind of fiber-optic signal processing method, device and Fibre Optical Sensor systems
System, can effectively eliminate the noise of fiber-optic signal.
In order to solve the above technical problems, one aspect of the present invention is：A kind of fiber-optic signal processing side is provided
Method, including：Processing terminal obtains multiple Optical fibre sampling signals that a certain position of corresponding optical fiber collects whithin a period of time；Profit
The matrix constituted to the multiple Optical fibre sampling signal with singular value decomposition svd algorithm carries out singular value decomposition and obtains multiple sub- squares
Battle array；The maximum submatrix of singular value is obtained, and the every row element for extracting the maximum submatrix of the singular value is combined to collect
At one-dimensional signal；To being produced within described a period of time as a certain position of the optical fiber after one-dimensional signal progress wavelet noise
Raw fiber-optic signal.
Wherein, described that the matrix progress singular value decomposition that the multiple Optical fibre sampling signal is constituted is obtained using svd algorithm
Include to the step of multiple submatrixs：The multiple Optical fibre sampling signal { x (1), x (2) ..., x (n) } is constituted into k*l rank matrixes
H, wherein k*l=n, and
Singular value decomposition is carried out to the matrix H using following formula 1, obtains multiple submatrixs
In above-mentioned formula 1, the U is k × k rank orthogonal matrixes, the VTThe conjugate matrices of representing matrix V, the V are l
× l rank orthogonal matrixes；The order of the matrix H is m；It is describedIt is described for diagonal matrixIt is matrix
I-th of singular value of H, andThe uiFor i-th of column vector of matrix U, the viIt is the i-th of matrix V
A column vector, the HiIt includes u to beiAnd viSubmatrix；
The maximum submatrix of acquisition singular value, and extract every row element of the maximum submatrix of the singular value
Include to collect the step of being combined into one-dimensional signal：
By the maximum submatrix of singular valueEach row element respectively as one-dimensional signal SjElement, gather shape
At the one-dimensional signal Sj={ Sj,1,SJ, 2,…,Sj,m, wherein the Sj,mIndicate submatrixM row vectors.
Wherein, it is used as a certain position of the optical fiber at described one section after the progress wavelet noise to the one-dimensional signal
The step of fiber-optic signal of interior generation includes：According to following formula 2 to the one-dimensional signal SjEach element handled,
And by each treated element forms fiber-optic signal S that a certain position of the optical fiber generates within described a period of timej',
In above-mentioned formula 2, the Sj,zFor the one-dimensional signal SjIn z-th of element, the Sj,z' believe for the optical fiber
Number Sj' in z-th of element, the T be a setting value.
Wherein, it is used as a certain position of the optical fiber at described one section after the progress wavelet noise to the one-dimensional signal
The step of fiber-optic signal of interior generation includes：According to following formula 3 to the one-dimensional signal SjEach element handled,
And by each treated element forms fiber-optic signal S that a certain position of the optical fiber generates within described a period of timej',
In above-mentioned formula 3, the Sj,zFor the one-dimensional signal SjIn z-th of element, the Sj,z' believe for the optical fiber
Number Sj' in z-th of element, the α be proportionality coefficient, and 0≤α≤1, sgn (x) be sign function, the T be one setting
Value.
Wherein, further include：The fiber-optic signal after de-noising is matched with default model of vibration；If successful match,
Then determine that a certain position of optical fiber vibrates within described a period of time, and oscillatory type is the default model of vibration pair
The vibration source type answered.
Wherein, in the multiple Optical fibre sampling signals for obtaining a certain position of corresponding optical fiber and collecting whithin a period of time
The step of before, further include：The optical signal that a certain position of reception optical fiber is reflected whithin a period of time, and use non-equilibrium Mach-
Zeng De (M-Z) interferometric demodulations method, mode locking demodulation method or adjustable Fabry-Perot (F-B) filter demodulation method are to the optical signal
It is demodulated；The optical signal after demodulation is subjected to opto-electronic conversion, obtains the optical fiber a certain position whithin a period of time
Fiber optic telecommunications number.
Wherein, multiple Optical fibre sampling signals that a certain position of the corresponding optical fiber of acquisition collects whithin a period of time
Step includes：The fiber optic telecommunications number are acquired using high-speed data acquisition card FPGA, obtain the multiple Optical fibre sampling
Signal.
In order to solve the above technical problems, another technical solution used in the present invention is：A kind of fiber-optic signal processing is provided
Device, including：Acquisition module, the multiple Optical fibre samplings collected whithin a period of time for obtaining a certain position of corresponding optical fiber
Signal；Decomposing module, it is strange for being carried out to the matrix that the multiple Optical fibre sampling signal is constituted using singular value decomposition svd algorithm
Different value decomposes to obtain multiple submatrixs；Extraction module for obtaining the maximum submatrix of singular value, and extracts described unusual
The every row element for being worth maximum submatrix is combined into one-dimensional signal to collect；Noise elimination module is small for being carried out to the one-dimensional signal
The fiber-optic signal generated within described a period of time as a certain position of the optical fiber after wave de-noising.
Wherein, the decomposing module includes：Construction unit is used for the multiple Optical fibre sampling signal { x (1), x
(2) ..., x (n) } constitute k*l rank matrix Hs, wherein k*l=n, and
Resolving cell obtains multiple submatrixs for carrying out singular value decomposition to the matrix H using following formula 1
In above-mentioned formula 1, the U is k × k rank orthogonal matrixes, the VTThe conjugate matrices of representing matrix V, the V are l
× l rank orthogonal matrixes；The order of the matrix H is m；It is describedIt is described for diagonal matrixIt is matrix
I-th of singular value of H, andThe uiFor i-th of column vector of matrix U, the viIt is the i-th of matrix V
A column vector, the HiIt includes u to beiAnd viSubmatrix；
The extraction module is specifically used for the maximum submatrix of singular valueEach row element respectively as one
Dimensional signal SjElement, set form the one-dimensional signal Sj={ Sj,1,SJ, 2,…,Sj,m, wherein the Sj,mIndicate submatrixM row vectors.
In order to solve the above technical problems, another technical solution that the present invention uses is：A kind of optical fiber sensing system is provided,
It is characterised in that it includes fibre optical sensor and processing terminal；The fibre optical sensor is used to send out the first optical signal at one end, and
The second optical signal reflected by first optical signal is received from described one end；The processing terminal is used for described second
The corresponding fiber optic telecommunications number of optical signal carry out singular value decomposition and wavelet noise processing, wherein the processing terminal includes above-mentioned
Fiber-optic signal processing unit, handled with carrying out singular value decomposition and wavelet noise to the fiber optic telecommunications number.
Said program, processing terminal using svd algorithm to the matrix of multiple Optical fibre sampling signals of fiber position construction into
Row singular value decomposition, and the one-dimensional signal of the maximum submatrix composition of singular value is subjected to wavelet noise, to obtain the optical fiber position
Fiber-optic signal after the de-noising set, therefore realize the noise for effectively eliminating fiber-optic signal.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of one embodiment of fiber-optic signal processing method of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of optical fiber sensing system of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the partial process view of another embodiment of fiber-optic signal processing method of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the partial process view of fiber-optic signal processing method another embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of fiber-optic signal processing unit of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of fiber-optic signal processing unit of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
In being described below, for illustration and not for limitation, it is proposed that such as specific system structure, interface, technology it
The detail of class, so as to provide a thorough understanding of the present application.However, it will be clear to one skilled in the art that there is no these specific
The application can also be realized in the other embodiment of details.In other situations, omit to well-known device, circuit with
And the detailed description of method, so as not to obscure the description of the present application with unnecessary details.
Referring to Fig. 1, the flow chart of one embodiment of fiber-optic signal processing method of the present invention, this method include：
S11：Processing terminal obtains multiple Optical fibre samplings letter that a certain position of corresponding optical fiber collects whithin a period of time
Number.
Wherein, the multiple Optical fibre sampling signal is converted to by the optical signal of fiber reflection.
Incorporated by reference to Fig. 2 for example, Fig. 2 shows an optical fiber sensing system, which can be used light pulse tune
Mode processed, by detect backscatter signals phase change caused by reflecting interference Strength Changes, can detect simultaneously
Multiple concurrent vibration sources, to realize early warning and be positioned to vibration source.The optical fiber sensing system includes the fibre optical sensor being linked in sequence
21, optical system 23, photoelectric switching circuit 24 and processing terminal 22.
Fibre optical sensor 21 is set in the environment that need to be monitored such as underground, to monitor the environmental aspect.Fibre optical sensor 21
In common communications optical cable idle fibre core can be used and make sensing unit, carry out Distributed Multi vibration measurement.It is substantially former
Reason is to cause fibre core in optical cable to deform upon when extraneous effect of vibration is in communications optical cable, and core length and refractive index is made to send out
Changing causes the phase of light in optical cable to change.When light transmits in optical cable, since photon and fibre core lattice are made
With constantly transmitting Rayleigh scattering light backward.When the external world has vibration to occur, the phase of back rayleigh scattering light becomes therewith
Change, these carry the signal light of extraneous vibration information, are handled through optical system 23, and faint phase change, which is converted to light intensity, to be become
Change, then after the opto-electronic conversion of photoelectric switching circuit 24 and corresponding signal processing, data analysis is carried out into people's processing terminal 22.Place
Reason terminal 22 as a result, judge the generation of vibration event, and confirms according to analysis and vibrates place.
Specifically, 21 timing of fibre optical sensor sends out the first optical signal from one end, which can be a pulse
Signal, is such as the laser that pulse width is 10ns, and first optical signal each position in optical cable is formed by Rayleigh scattering
Second optical signal, and second optical signal is reflected back one end of the fibre optical sensor 21.Fibre optical sensor 21 is defeated from the one end
Go out second optical signal.Optical system 23 samples the second optical signal, obtains the light letter of the different fiber positions of multiple correspondences
Number.Wherein, which can acquire the optical signal that optical fiber emits every setpoint distance, for example, first Sampled optical signals pair
The optical signal reflected apart from the 1 meter of position in optical fiber one end is should be, second Sampled optical signals is corresponded to apart from 2 meters of optical fiber one end position
The optical signal of reflection, and so on.
Optical system 23 is using non-equilibrium Mach-Zehnder (M-Z) interferometric demodulation method, mode locking demodulation method or adjustable Fabry-
Perot (F-B) filter demodulation method demodulates the optical signal of the different fiber positions of above-mentioned correspondence, and the light after demodulation is believed
Number by photoelectric switching circuit 24 be converted to corresponding electric signal be convenient for signal processing.Here can be turned by general photoelectricity
It changes such as APD of circuit 24 and is converted to analog signal, then digital signal is converted analog signals by analog-digital converter, and send
To processing terminal 22.
Processing terminal 22 handles the optical fiber and digital signal, to determine the corresponding fiber position of optical fiber and digital signal
Whether vibrate.Specifically, processing terminal 22 can further include high-speed data acquisition card (English abbreviation：FPGA) at module and digital signal
Reason (English：Digital Signal Processing, referred to as：DSP) module, the FPGA module is for acquiring corresponding optical fiber
The corresponding fiber optic telecommunications number of optical signal that one position is reflected whithin a period of time are acquired, and obtain multiple Optical fibre sampling signals.
The Optical fibre sampling signal of acquisition is buffered in the fifo buffer in the FPGA module by FPGA module, the half-full signal wire of FIFO and
DSP module is connected, when FIFO it is half-full when trigger the EDMA affairs of DSP, with the related data of Optical fibre sampling signal from FIFO
It is transferred to the memory such as SDRAM of DSP.When the data length in memory reaches default value, in the memory
Optical fibre sampling signal is handled, such as carries out Recognition of Vibration Sources.Singular value decomposition of the present invention and de-noising correlation step can be with
It is executed before memory of the deposit to DSP, or collected Optical fibre sampling signal is directly deposited to the memory of DSP, and
After the data length of memory reaches setting value, then execute singular value decomposition of the present invention and de-noising correlation step.
In other embodiments, the part steps of the optical system and opto-electronic conversion and analog-to-digital conversion step can be by
Processing terminal 22 executes, as processing terminal 22 is additionally operable to demodulate using non-equilibrium Mach-Zehnder (M-Z) interferometric demodulation method, mode locking
The light for the different fiber positions of correspondence that method or adjustable Fabry-Perot (F-B) filter demodulation method reflect fibre optical sensor 21
Signal is demodulated, and converts thereof into electric signal, and carries out analog-to-digital conversion.
Specifically, which acquires Optical fibre sampling signal in real time, which can be adjusted according to actual conditions
Whole, in general, the acquisition interval is between 0 μ s-100 μ s, such as 40 μ s, 10 μ s, 100 μ s, in the present embodiment, which is
0, i.e. processing terminal continuous acquisition obtains n Optical fibre sampling signal { x (1), x (2) ..., x (n) }, wherein n is whole more than 1
Number.
S12：The matrix progress singular value decomposition that the multiple Optical fibre sampling signal is constituted is obtained using svd algorithm multiple
Submatrix.
In the present embodiment, processing terminal is using singular value decomposition (English：Singular value decomposition,
Referred to as：SVD) algorithm is handled collecting Optical fibre sampling signal, to obtain signal-to-noise ratio height, the uniform Optical fibre sampling of noise
Signal.
Specifically, above-mentioned S12 steps may particularly include following sub-step：
Sub-step S121：The multiple Optical fibre sampling signal { x (1), x (2) ..., x (n) } is constituted into k*l rank matrix Hs.
Multiple Optical fibre sampling signals are formed into one-dimensional signal sequence X={ x (1), x (2) ..., x (n) }, and by the one-dimensional letter
Number sequence X constitutes k*l rank matrix Hs.
Wherein,K*l=n, k and l are positive integer.
Sub-step S122：Singular value decomposition is carried out to the matrix H using following formula 11, obtains multiple submatrixs
Wherein, above-mentioned matrix H is k*l rank unitary matrice；The order of the matrix H is m, can be by k*l rank matrix Hs using SVD
Indicate the sum of m k*l rank submatrix.
The U is k × k rank orthogonal matrixes, the VTThe conjugate matrices of representing matrix V, the V are l × l rank orthogonal moments
Battle array；It is describedIt is described for diagonal matrixIt is i-th of singular value of matrix H, andThe uiFor i-th of column vector of matrix U, the viFor i-th of column vector of matrix V, the HiIt is packet
Containing uiAnd viSubmatrix.
If matrix H indicates Time-Frequency Information, then corresponding uiAnd viIt is considered as frequency vector and time vector.Therefore, in H
Time-Frequency Information is broken down into a series of by uiAnd viIn the time-frequency subspace of composition.Therefore choose a stator space and be reconstructed, it can be with
The signal of special component is extracted, for example, the selection maximum submatrix of singular value, you can extraction obtains multiple Optical fibre sampling signal
Included key data feature.
S13：The maximum submatrix of singular value is obtained, and extracts every row element of the maximum submatrix of the singular value
It is combined into one-dimensional signal with collection.
For example, obtaining the multiple submatrixs for decomposing and obtainingThe middle maximum submatrix of singular valueAnd by the maximum submatrix of singular valueEach row element respectively as one-dimensional signal SjElement, set form institute
State one-dimensional signal Sj={ Sj,1,SJ, 2,…,Sj,m, wherein the Sj,mIndicate submatrixM row vectors.
S14：It is used as a certain position of the optical fiber within described a period of time after carrying out wavelet noise to the one-dimensional signal
The fiber-optic signal of generation.
In the present embodiment, processing terminal carries out small echo threshold values de-noising, the de-noising side to the obtained one-dimensional signal of S13 steps
Formula may include two kinds of hard threshold values and soft threshold values.The basic principle of singular value decomposition is carried out to signals and associated noises in above-mentioned S12 steps
If dried layer wavelet decomposition, by signal decomposition to different band spaces, each layer coefficient of wavelet decomposition is obtained.Hard threshold values mode then will
Coefficient more than threshold values remains unchanged, and is less than the coefficient zero setting of threshold values, therefore the signal obtained after hard threshold values processing is rougher.
The hard threshold values mode specifically such as, according to the one-dimensional signal S obtained to S13 steps of following formula 12jEach member
Element { Sj,1,SJ, 2,…,Sj,mHandled, and by each treated element { Sj,1',SJ, 2',…,Sj,m' the composition light
The fiber-optic signal S that fine a certain position generates within described a period of timej',
Wherein, the Sj,zFor the one-dimensional signal SjIn z-th of element, the Sj,z' it is the fiber-optic signal Sj' in
Z-th of element, the T be a setting value.
The soft threshold values mode specifically such as, according to the one-dimensional signal S obtained to S13 steps of following formula 13jEach member
Element { Sj,1,SJ, 2,…,Sj,m, and by each treated element { Sj,1',SJ, 2',…,Sj,m' the composition a certain position of optical fiber
Set the fiber-optic signal S generated within described a period of timej',
Wherein, the Sj,zFor the one-dimensional signal SjIn z-th of element, the Sj,z' it is the fiber-optic signal Sj' in
Z-th of element, the α be proportionality coefficient, and 0≤α≤1, sgn (x) be sign function, the T be a setting value.
In a particular application, above-mentioned T can be inputted according to actual conditions by user or itself judges actual conditions
After study, accordingly it is arranged.
After above-mentioned wavelet noise, processing terminal can (Optical fibre sampling i.e. after de-noising be believed to the fiber-optic signal after the de-noising
Number) carry out Recognition of Vibration Sources or other processing.
In the present embodiment, processing terminal is using svd algorithm to the matrix of multiple Optical fibre sampling signals construction of fiber position
Singular value decomposition is carried out, and the one-dimensional signal of the maximum submatrix composition of singular value is subjected to wavelet noise, to obtain the optical fiber
Fiber-optic signal after the de-noising of position, therefore realize the noise for effectively eliminating fiber-optic signal.
Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is the partial process view of another embodiment of fiber-optic signal processing method of the present invention.The present embodiment
It is further comprising the steps of after S14 steps before place includes step shown in FIG. 1, to carry out Recognition of Vibration Sources：
S31：The fiber-optic signal after de-noising is matched with default model of vibration.
Multiple default models of vibration are stored in processing terminal, this is each preset model of vibration and corresponds to a kind of vibration source, for example,
For pedestrian by the feature corresponding record of caused vibration signal in the first default model of vibration, vehicle passes through caused vibration signal
Feature corresponding record in the second default model of vibration.
Processing terminal extracts the fiber-optic signal S after de-noisingj' feature, and the feature of extraction is given in default model of vibration
Feature compared, if the characteristic matching in feature and the default model of vibration of extraction, executes S32.
S32：Determine that a certain position of the optical fiber vibrates within described a period of time, and oscillatory type is described default
The corresponding vibration source type of model of vibration.
For example, the fiber-optic signal S after de-noisingj' characteristic matching with the first default model of vibration in upper example, then the optical fiber
Signal Sj' it is vibration signal, and judge that vibration source passes through for pedestrian.Processing terminal calculates the corresponding optical fiber position of the fiber-optic signal
It sets, and can also send information to relevant device, to notify the fiber position to have pedestrian's process.
Specifically, referring to Fig. 4, processing terminal judges whether fiber-optic signal can be such as with the matched mode of default model of vibration
Lower step：
S41：The fiber-optic signal is divided into J frame subsignals by processing terminal.
S42：Characteristic vector of the extraction per frame subsignal forms array T [J]={ T (0), T (j) ..., T (J-1) }, and obtains
Take array R [I]={ R (0), the R (i) ..., R (I-1) } that the characteristic vector of preset signals model forms.
Wherein, the extracting mode one of the characteristic vector of the fiber-optic signal and the characteristic vector of the preset signals model
It causes.
For example, processing terminal is stored at least one preset signals model, each preset signals model correspondence includes one
Multiple characteristic vector R (0) of the fiber-optic signal of kind vibration source, R (i) ..., R (I-1), wherein i is the letter of the preset signals model
The sequential label of number frame, i=0 are that the preset signals model plays pip signal frame, and i=I-1 is the end of the preset signals model
Pip signal frame, therefore the frame sum that I is the preset signals model subsignal that includes, R (i) are the preset signals model the
The characteristic vector of the subsignal of i frames.Processing terminal extract the 1st frame subsignal to J frame subsignals characteristic vector one by one sequentially
Correspond to T (0), T (j) ..., T (J-1), wherein j is the sequential label of the signal frame of the fiber-optic signal, and j=0 believes for the optical fiber
Number play pip signal frame, j=J-1 is the terminal subsignal frame of the fiber-optic signal, therefore the son that J is included for the fiber-optic signal
The frame sum of signal, T (i) are the characteristic vector of the subsignal of a fiber-optic signal jth frame.Above-mentioned I and J is all higher than 1, and the two
Can be equal or unequal, it is not limited thereto.
It is worth noting that, the mode of the characteristic vector of processing terminal extraction subsignal and the spy in preset signals model
The extracting mode of sign vector is consistent, to ensure both following accurate comparisons.That is, preset signals model and fiber-optic signal
Using the characteristic vector of same type.
Wherein, extracting mode can be a variety of, for example, linear predictive coding (linear predictive
Coding, LPC) what is obtained can represent the parameter of the subsignal feature, such as LPC coefficient or cepstrum coefficient.In another embodiment
In, it is described extraction per frame signal characteristic vector the step of include：It is obtained described pair by lpc analysis respectively per frame subsignal
The cepstrum coefficient answered, using the cepstrum coefficient per frame subsignal as its characteristic vector.
S43：Determine the distance between the characteristic vector T (0) and the characteristic vector R (0) g (R (0), T (0)) and
Parameter M.
Wherein, the poor positive correlation between the M and the I and J.For example, the M=m+ | I-J |, m is a setting constant.
In an application, which may be configured as 1 to a thirtieth/10th of I or J, and be less than 10.
In the present embodiment, processing terminal using formula 14 be calculated characteristic vector T (0) and the characteristic vector R (0) it
Between distance g (R (0), T (0)).
G (R (0), T (0))=2d (T (0), R (0)) (14)
Wherein, the definition of the d please refers to the formula 16 and its associated description of step S44.
S44：Processing terminal sequentially calculates each characteristic vector of the array T [J] according to the distance g (R (0), T (0))
T (j) respectively with array R [I] at least partly the distance between characteristic vector R (i) g (R (i), T (j)), until be calculated
The distance between the characteristic vector T (J-1) and characteristic vector R (I-1) g (R (I-1), T (J-1)).
Wherein, the g (R (i), T (j)) is by g (R (i-1), T (j)), g (R (i-1), T (j-1)) or g (R (i), T (j-
1) it) is calculated.For example, the g (R (i), T (j)) is calculated using formula 15 and formula 16 in processing terminal；
Wherein, the characteristic vector T (j) is expressed as (y1..., yn), the characteristic vector R (i) is expressed as (x1..., xn).Certainly,
In other embodiments, Euclidean distance can also be used in distance function d, is
Wherein, the corresponding Partial Feature vector R (i) of each characteristic vector T (j) includes the spy in the array R [I]
Levy vector R (max (j-M, 0)) to characteristic vector R (min (j+M, I-1)).
Said sequence calculating is represented by：According to the order of elements of array T [J], calculate each characteristic vector T (j) with it is same
The distance of one characteristic vector R (i), and according to the order of elements of array R [I], calculate its characteristic vector R (i) and same Characteristic Vectors
Measure the distance of T (j).Such as above-mentioned formula 12, each characteristic vector T (j) need to rely on it previous special at a distance from characteristic vector R (i)
The distance between vector is levied, therefore needs to calculate according to array sequence.
Wherein, which may particularly include following sub-step：
According to the distance g (R (0), T (0)), sequentially calculate each characteristic vector T (j) of the array T [J] respectively with institute
State the distance between characteristic vector R (0) g (R (0), T (j))；
Sequence calculate each characteristic vector T (j) of the array T [J] respectively with the array R [I] at least partly Characteristic Vectors
Measure the distance between R (i) g (R (i), T (j)).
Wherein, as the j=0, the corresponding Partial Feature vector R (i) of the characteristic vector T (0) includes described
All characteristic vectors in array R [I], as the j ≠ 0, the corresponding Partial Feature vector R of the characteristic vector T (j)
(i) include characteristic vector R (max (j-M, 1)) to characteristic vector R (min (j+M, I-1)) in the array R [I].
S45：Calculate the distance g (R (I-1), T (J-1)) and the I and it is described J's and between ratio, using as described
The similarity distance of fiber-optic signal and the preset signals model.
For example, processing terminal obtains the distance g (R (I-1), T that are matched to characteristic vector R (I-1) and characteristic vector T (J-1)
(J-1)) after, the similarity distance s of the fiber-optic signal and the preset signals model is calculated according to formula 17；
S46：It imposes a condition if the similarity distance meets, processing terminal determines the vibration source type of the fiber-optic signal
For the corresponding vibration source type of the preset signals model.
The setting condition as less than setting similarity distance, or in all preset signals models minimum it is similar away from
From.For example, processing terminal stores multiple preset signals models, processing terminal is performed a plurality of times above-mentioned steps S43-S45, obtains each
The similarity distance of preset signals model and the fiber-optic vibration model, by processing terminal by the vibration source classification of type of fiber-optic vibration model
For the corresponding vibration source type of preset signals model of similarity distance minimum.Certainly, for the different demands of concrete application, the setting
Condition can be not specifically limited herein with other conditions.
Above-mentioned matching way determines the vibration source type of fiber-optic signal according to similarity, realizes the vibration source point to fiber-optic signal
Class, and the mode classification can carry out Accurate classification to vibration source, improve the accuracy rate of Recognition of Vibration Sources, and processing terminal is according to setting
Set pattern then only calculates array T [J] each the distance between characteristic vector T (j) and array R [I] Partial Feature vector R (i), reduces
Operand, improves recognition speed and efficiency, saves the process resource of processing terminal.
Refering to Fig. 5, the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of fiber-optic signal processing unit of the present invention, the device includes obtaining mould
Block 51, decomposing module 52, extraction module 53 and noise elimination module 54.
Acquisition module 51 is for obtaining multiple Optical fibre samplings that a certain position of corresponding optical fiber collects whithin a period of time
Signal.
Decomposing module 52 is used to carry out singular value point to the matrix that the multiple Optical fibre sampling signal is constituted using svd algorithm
Solution obtains multiple submatrixs.
Extraction module 53 extracts the maximum submatrix of the singular value for obtaining the maximum submatrix of singular value
Every row element be combined into one-dimensional signal to collect.
Noise elimination module 54 is used to be used as a certain position of the optical fiber described after carrying out wavelet noise to the one-dimensional signal
The fiber-optic signal generated in a period of time.
Optionally, decomposing module 52 includes construction unit 521 and resolving cell 522.
Construction unit 521 is used to the multiple Optical fibre sampling signal { x (1), x (2) ..., x (n) } constituting k*l rank matrixes
H, wherein k*l=n, and
Resolving cell 522 is used to carry out singular value decomposition to the matrix H using above-mentioned formula 11, obtains multiple submatrixs
Extraction module 53 is specifically used for the maximum submatrix of singular valueEach row element respectively as one-dimensional
Signal SjElement, set form the one-dimensional signal Sj={ Sj,1,SJ, 2,…,Sj,m, wherein the Sj,mIndicate submatrixM row vectors.
Optionally, noise elimination module 54 is specifically used for according to above-mentioned formula 12 to the one-dimensional signal SjEach element carry out
Processing, and by each treated element forms fiber-optic signal that a certain position of the optical fiber generates within described a period of time
Sj'。
Optionally, noise elimination module 54 is specifically used for according to above-mentioned formula 13 to the one-dimensional signal SjEach element carry out
Processing, and by each treated element forms fiber-optic signal that a certain position of the optical fiber generates within described a period of time
Sj'。
Optionally, which further includes matching module and determining module；Matching module is used for the optical fiber after de-noising
Signal is matched with default model of vibration；Determining module is used in successful match, determines a certain position of the optical fiber in institute
It states and is vibrated in a period of time, and oscillatory type is the corresponding vibration source type of the default model of vibration.
Optionally, which further includes demodulation module and photoelectric conversion module；Demodulation module is used for a certain position of reception optical fiber
Set the optical signal reflected whithin a period of time, and using non-equilibrium Mach-Zehnder (M-Z) interferometric demodulation method, mode locking demodulation method or
Adjustable Fabry-Perot (F-B) filter demodulation method demodulates the optical signal；Photoelectric conversion module will be for after demodulating
The optical signal carry out opto-electronic conversion, obtain the fiber optic telecommunications number of a certain position of the optical fiber whithin a period of time.
Optionally, acquisition module 51 is specifically used for adopting the fiber optic telecommunications number using high-speed data acquisition card FPGA
Collection, obtains the multiple Optical fibre sampling signal.
Wherein, the above-mentioned module of the processing unit is respectively used to execute the corresponding steps in above method embodiment, specifically
Implementation procedure embodiment of the method explanation as above, therefore not to repeat here.The processing unit concretely processing terminal shown in Fig. 2
22。
Refering to Fig. 6, the structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of fiber-optic signal processing unit of the present invention, the device 60 includes place
Manage device 61, memory 62, receiver 63 and bus 64.Wherein, processor 61, memory 62, receiver 63 may each be one
Or it is multiple, in Fig. 6 only for one.
Receiver 63 is used to receive the information of external equipment transmission.For example, reception optical fiber signal, as fibre optical sensor is sent
Optical signal, the electric signal after opto-electronic conversion or have been determined as fiber-optic vibration generation signal fiber-optic vibration signal.
Memory 62 provides the computer program for storing computer program to processor 61, and can store place
The data that device 61 is handled are managed, such as the fiber-optic signal lamp that receiver 63 receives.Wherein, memory 62 may include read-only storage
At least one of device, random access memory and nonvolatile RAM (NVRAM).
The computer program that memory 62 stores includes following element, executable modules or data structures or it
Subset or their superset:
Operational order：Including various operational orders, for realizing various operations.
Operating system：Including various system programs, for realizing various basic businesses and the hardware based task of processing.
In embodiments of the present invention, (operational order can by calling the operational order of the storage of memory 62 for processor 61
Storage is in an operating system), to execute operation below：
Obtain multiple Optical fibre sampling signals that a certain position of corresponding optical fiber collects whithin a period of time；
Singular value decomposition is carried out to the matrix that the multiple Optical fibre sampling signal is constituted using svd algorithm and obtains multiple sub- squares
Battle array；
The maximum submatrix of singular value is obtained, and extracts every row element of the maximum submatrix of the singular value to collect
It is combined into one-dimensional signal；
To being generated within described a period of time as a certain position of the optical fiber after one-dimensional signal progress wavelet noise
Fiber-optic signal.
Processor 61 executes the matrix progress singular value constituted to the multiple Optical fibre sampling signal using svd algorithm
Decomposition obtains the step of multiple submatrixs and includes：
The multiple Optical fibre sampling signal { x (1), x (2) ..., x (n) } is constituted into k*l rank matrix Hs, wherein k*l=n,
And
Singular value decomposition is carried out to the matrix H using above-mentioned formula 11, obtains multiple submatrixs
Processor 61 executes the maximum submatrix of acquisition singular value, and extracts the maximum sub- square of the singular value
Battle array every row element include to collect the step of being combined into one-dimensional signal：
By the maximum submatrix of singular valueEach row element respectively as one-dimensional signal SjElement, gather shape
At the one-dimensional signal Sj={ Sj,1,SJ, 2,…,Sj,m, wherein the Sj,mIndicate submatrixM row vectors.
Optionally, processor 61 is used as a certain position of the optical fiber after executing the progress wavelet noise to the one-dimensional signal
The step of setting the fiber-optic signal generated within described a period of time include：
According to above-mentioned formula 12 to the one-dimensional signal SjEach element handled, and by each treated element
Form the fiber-optic signal S that a certain position of the optical fiber generates within described a period of timej'；Or
According to above-mentioned formula 13 to the one-dimensional signal SjEach element handled, and by each treated element
Form the fiber-optic signal S that a certain position of the optical fiber generates within described a period of timej'。
Optionally, processor 61 is additionally operable to match the fiber-optic signal after de-noising with default model of vibration；If
Successful match, it is determined that a certain position of optical fiber vibrates within described a period of time, and oscillatory type is described default
The corresponding vibration source type of model of vibration.
Optionally, processor 61 is additionally operable to the optical signal that a certain position of reception optical fiber is reflected whithin a period of time, and uses
Non-equilibrium Mach-Zehnder (M-Z) interferometric demodulation method, mode locking demodulation method or adjustable Fabry-Perot (F-B) filter demodulation method
The optical signal is demodulated；The optical signal after demodulation is subjected to opto-electronic conversion, a certain position of the optical fiber is obtained and exists
Fiber optic telecommunications number in a period of time.
Optionally, processor 61 execute a certain position of the corresponding optical fiber of the acquisition collect whithin a period of time it is multiple
The step of Optical fibre sampling signal includes：The fiber optic telecommunications number are acquired using high-speed data acquisition card FPGA, obtain institute
State multiple Optical fibre sampling signals.
Above-mentioned processor 61 can also be known as CPU (Central Processing Unit, central processing unit).Specifically
Application in, the various components of terminal are coupled by bus 64, and wherein bus 64 may be used also in addition to including data/address bus
To include power bus, controlling bus and status signal bus in addition etc..But for the sake of clear explanation, by various buses in figure
All it is designated as bus 64.
The method that aforementioned present invention embodiment discloses can also be applied in processor 61, or real by processor 61
It is existing.Processor 61 may be a kind of IC chip, the processing capacity with signal.During realization, the above method
Each step can be completed by the integrated logic circuit of the hardware in processor 61 or the instruction of software form.Above-mentioned processing
Device 61 can be general processor, digital signal processor (DSP), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), ready-made programmable gate array
(FPGA) either other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components.May be implemented or
Person executes disclosed each method, step and the logic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.General processor can be microprocessor or
Person's processor can also be any conventional processor etc..The step of method in conjunction with disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, can be straight
Connect and be presented as that hardware decoding processor executes completion, or in decoding processor hardware and software module combination executed
At.Software module can be located at random access memory, and flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read only memory or electrically-erasable can
In the storage medium of this fields such as programmable memory, register maturation.The storage medium is located at memory 62, and processor 61 is read
Information in respective memory, in conjunction with the step of its hardware completion above method.
In said program, processing terminal is using svd algorithm to the matrix of multiple Optical fibre sampling signals construction of fiber position
Singular value decomposition is carried out, and the one-dimensional signal of the maximum submatrix composition of singular value is subjected to wavelet noise, to obtain the optical fiber
Fiber-optic signal after the de-noising of position, therefore realize the noise for effectively eliminating fiber-optic signal.
In several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that disclosed method and device, Ke Yitong
Other modes are crossed to realize.For example, device embodiments described above are only schematical, for example, the module or
The division of unit, only a kind of division of logic function, formula that in actual implementation, there may be another division manner, such as multiple units
Or component can be combined or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
The unit illustrated as separating component may or may not be physically separated, aobvious as unit
The component shown may or may not be physical unit, you can be located at a place, or may be distributed over multiple
In network element.Some or all of unit therein can be selected according to the actual needs to realize present embodiment scheme
Purpose.
In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention can be integrated in a processing unit, also may be used
It, can also be during two or more units be integrated in one unit to be that each unit physically exists alone.It is above-mentioned integrated
The form that hardware had both may be used in unit is realized, can also be realized in the form of SFU software functional unit.
If the integrated unit in above-mentioned other embodiment is realized in the form of SFU software functional unit and as independence
Product sale or in use, can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium.Based on this understanding, of the invention
Technical solution substantially all or part of the part that contributes to existing technology or the technical solution can be in other words
It is expressed in the form of software products, which is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions are used
So that a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server or the network equipment etc.) or processor
(processor) all or part of step of each embodiment the method for the present invention is executed.And storage medium packet above-mentioned
It includes：USB flash disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random
Access Memory), the various media that can store program code such as magnetic disc or CD.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of fiber-optic signal processing method, which is characterized in that including：
Processing terminal obtains multiple Optical fibre sampling signals that a certain position of corresponding optical fiber collects whithin a period of time；
The matrix progress singular value decomposition that the multiple Optical fibre sampling signal is constituted is obtained using singular value decomposition svd algorithm more
A submatrix；
The maximum submatrix of singular value is obtained, and the every row element for extracting the maximum submatrix of the singular value is combined to collect
At one-dimensional signal；
The light that the one-dimensional signal generated within described a period of time as a certain position of the optical fiber after wavelet noise
Optical fiber signaling；
Wherein, the matrix that the multiple Optical fibre sampling signal is constituted using svd algorithm carry out singular value decomposition obtain it is more
The step of a submatrix includes：
The multiple Optical fibre sampling signal { x (1), x (2) ..., x (n) } is constituted into k*l rank matrix Hs, wherein k*l=n, and
Singular value decomposition is carried out to the matrix H using following formula 1, obtains multiple submatrixs
Wherein, the U is k × k rank orthogonal matrixes, the VTThe conjugate matrices of representing matrix V, the V are l × l rank orthogonal moments
Battle array；The order of the matrix H is m；It is describedIt is described for diagonal matrixIt is i-th of matrix H unusual
Value, andThe uiFor i-th of column vector of matrix U, the viFor i-th of column vector of matrix V, institute
State HiIt includes u to beiAnd viSubmatrix.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the maximum submatrix of acquisition singular value, and extract
Every row element of the maximum submatrix of singular value includes to collect the step of being combined into one-dimensional signal：
By the maximum submatrix of singular valueEach row element respectively as one-dimensional signal SjElement, set form institute
State one-dimensional signal Sj={ Sj,1,SJ, 2,…,Sj,m, wherein the Sj,mIndicate submatrixM row vectors.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that make after the progress wavelet noise to the one-dimensional signal
The step of fiber-optic signal generated within described a period of time for a certain position of the optical fiber includes：
According to following formula 2 to the one-dimensional signal SjEach element handled, and treated that element forms institute by each
State the fiber-optic signal S that a certain position of optical fiber generates within described a period of timej',
Wherein, the Sj,zFor the one-dimensional signal SjIn z-th of element, the Sj,z' it is the fiber-optic signal Sj' in z
A element, the T are a setting value.
4. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that make after the progress wavelet noise to the one-dimensional signal
The step of fiber-optic signal generated within described a period of time for a certain position of the optical fiber includes：
According to following formula 3 to the one-dimensional signal SjEach element handled, and treated that element forms institute by each
State the fiber-optic signal S that a certain position of optical fiber generates within described a period of timej',
Wherein, the Sj,zFor the one-dimensional signal SjIn z-th of element, the Sj,z' it is the fiber-optic signal Sj' in z
A element, the α is proportionality coefficient, and 0≤α≤1, sgn (x) are sign function, and the T is a setting value.
5. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that further include：
The fiber-optic signal after de-noising is matched with default model of vibration；
If successful match, it is determined that a certain position of optical fiber vibrates within described a period of time, and oscillatory type is institute
State the corresponding vibration source type of default model of vibration.
6. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that when the corresponding a certain position of optical fiber of the acquisition is at one section
Before the step of interior multiple Optical fibre sampling signals collected, further include：
The optical signal that a certain position of reception optical fiber is reflected whithin a period of time, and solution is interfered using non-equilibrium Mach-Zehnder (M-Z)
Tune method, mode locking demodulation method or adjustable Fabry-Perot (F-B) filter demodulation method demodulate the optical signal；
The optical signal after demodulation is subjected to opto-electronic conversion, obtains the optical fiber electricity of a certain position of the optical fiber whithin a period of time
Signal.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that adopt whithin a period of time a certain position of the corresponding optical fiber of the acquisition
Collect obtain multiple Optical fibre sampling signals the step of include：
The fiber optic telecommunications number are acquired using high-speed data acquisition card FPGA, obtain the multiple Optical fibre sampling signal.
8. a kind of fiber-optic signal processing unit, which is characterized in that including：
Acquisition module, the multiple Optical fibre sampling signals collected whithin a period of time for obtaining a certain position of corresponding optical fiber；
Decomposing module, it is strange for being carried out to the matrix that the multiple Optical fibre sampling signal is constituted using singular value decomposition svd algorithm
Different value decomposes to obtain multiple submatrixs；
Extraction module for obtaining the maximum submatrix of singular value, and extracts the every of the maximum submatrix of the singular value
Row element is combined into one-dimensional signal to collect；
Noise elimination module, for being carried out after wavelet noise as a certain position of the optical fiber at described one section to the one-dimensional signal
The fiber-optic signal of interior generation；
Wherein, the decomposing module includes：
Construction unit, for the multiple Optical fibre sampling signal { x (1), x (2) ..., x (n) } to be constituted k*l rank matrix Hs,
In, k*l=n, and
Resolving cell obtains multiple submatrixs for carrying out singular value decomposition to the matrix H using following formula 1
Wherein, the U is k × k rank orthogonal matrixes, the VTThe conjugate matrices of representing matrix V, the V are l × l rank orthogonal moments
Battle array；The order of the matrix H is m；It is describedIt is described for diagonal matrixIt is i-th of matrix H unusual
Value, andThe uiFor i-th of column vector of matrix U, the viFor i-th of column vector of matrix V, institute
State HiIt includes u to beiAnd viSubmatrix.
9. device as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that
The extraction module is specifically used for the maximum submatrix of singular valueEach row element respectively as one-dimensional letter
Number SjElement, set form the one-dimensional signal Sj={ Sj,1,SJ, 2,…,Sj,m, wherein the Sj,mIndicate submatrixM row vectors.
10. a kind of optical fiber sensing system, which is characterized in that including fibre optical sensor and processing terminal；
The fibre optical sensor is used to send out the first optical signal at one end, and anti-by first optical signal from the reception of described one end
The second optical signal penetrated；
The processing terminal is used to carry out singular value decomposition and wavelet noise to the corresponding fiber optic telecommunications number of second optical signal
Processing, wherein the processing terminal includes the fiber-optic signal processing unit described in claim 8 or 9, with to the fiber optic telecommunications
Number carry out singular value decomposition and wavelet noise processing.
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| CN104698248A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-06-10 | 武汉烽火富华电气有限责任公司 | FPAG based all-fiber current transformer de-noising method and device |
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| CN104698248A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-06-10 | 武汉烽火富华电气有限责任公司 | FPAG based all-fiber current transformer de-noising method and device |
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