CN105784128B - A kind of pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method - Google Patents
A kind of pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method Download PDFInfo
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling methods comprising：Multiframe pupil image image is acquired using pyramid wave-front sensor；New image is obtained after summing to multiframe pupil image image；Bianry image is obtained after carrying out denoising, edge detection, binary conversion treatment to new image；Center and the size that each pupil image is calculated in Separate Fit are carried out to bianry image, to realize the calibration to pupil image.The size to pupil image and the calibration of position can be realized without introducing additional device in adaptive optics system in the present invention, therefore realizes that the system structure of the present invention is simple, and cost is relatively low；Meanwhile by carrying out denoising and edge detection process to the sum of pupil image image, the calibration of pupil image can be made not influenced by optical aberration and atmospheric turbulance distorted wavefront aberration, to improve stability and repeatability；In addition, the present invention is widely used.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical calibration method more particularly to a kind of pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling methods.
Background technology
Adaptive optics system is a kind of system of real-time measurement and correction wave front aberration, the recoverable system aberration of itself
With due on light wave transmissions path medium it is unstable caused by wavefront distortion.Adaptive optics system mainly include distorting lens and
Wavefront sensor, wherein the driving of distorting lens suspension control signal can change face shape to compensate school to wavefront distortion in real time
Just, the control signal of distorting lens is driven to come from Wavefront sensor, therefore the detection accuracy of Wavefront sensor will directly affect
The closed-loop corrected effect of system.Currently used Wavefront sensor (e.g., Shack Hartmann wave front sensor) technology very at
It is ripe, and it is widely used in Wave-front measurement and adaptive optics.
In the art, Ragazzoni proposes concept (the Pupil plane of rectangular pyramid Wavefront sensor earliest
Wavefront sensing with an oscillating prism, Journal of Modern Optics, 43,
1996) application that, this rectangular pyramid Wavefront sensor is conjugated in multilayer in Adaptable System embodies it and is passed than Hartmann wavefront
Sensor has the advantages that the higher efficiency of light energy utilization, increasingly becomes a kind of novel Wavefront sensor studied both at home and abroad.For example,
Application No. is a kind of reflecting pyramid wave-front sensor (applying date is disclosed in 200910089094.3 Chinese patent application：
2009-07-28, publication number 101614593, publication date 2009-12-30).It is special in the China application No. is 201010253161.3
A kind of double optical wedge splicing pyramid wavefront sensor (applyings date are disclosed in profit application：2010-08-12, publication number：
101936779A, publication date：2011-01-05).However, according to the operation principle of pyramid wave-front sensor it is found that pupil image
Size and position determine the accuracy of the wavefront slope information and wave front restoration matrix to be measured extracted from pupil image.Therefore,
Pyramid wave-front sensor in systems in practice in application, need to carry out accurate calibration to the size of pupil image and position in advance, this
It is the key that it realizes accurate Wavefront detecting, in other words, pupil image calibrated error will directly affect Wavefront detecting accuracy, into
And influence the closed-loop corrected effect of adaptive optics system.
However, in the prior art, generally use manual mode demarcates the size of pupil image and position, that is, from every
Three points are chosen in a sub- pupil image edge manually with range estimation, the center of circle of circle and radius where then fitting these three points.It is this
The shortcomings that method demarcated manually, is：Stated accuracy is low；Once light path changes, need to re-start calibration, it is time-consuming to take
Power.
For this purpose, needing to be improved the pupil image scaling method of pyramid wave-front sensor at present, to improve its calibration essence
Degree.
Invention content
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image
Scaling method is demarcated to avoid by the aberration effects of the adaptive optics system based on pyramid wave-front sensor to improve
Precision reduces the nominal time.
A kind of pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method of the present invention comprising following steps:
Step S1 provides the adaptive optics system based on pyramid wave-front sensor, utilizes the pyramid wave-front sensor
Acquire multiframe pupil image image；
Step S2 calculates the sum of all described pupil image images, and result of calculation is labeled as image
Step S3, to described imageDenoising and edge detection process are carried out, to obtain image INS, by the image
INSIt is divided into multiple Deng subregions, wherein each described wait in subregions includes a sub- pupil image, and described etc. subregional
Quantity is consistent with the quantity n on pyramid inclined-plane of the pyramid wave-front sensor；
Step S4, using formula (1) to described image INSIn each pixel gray value carry out binary conversion treatment, with
Obtain bianry image Ib,
Wherein, Ib(i, j) indicates the bianry image IbMiddle coordinate is the gray value of the pixel of (i, j), INS(t；i,j)
Indicate the light intensity value for waiting pixel of the coordinate for (i, j) in subregions where t-th of sub- pupil image, max { INS
(t) } indicate that the subregional maximum gradation value such as described where t-th of sub- pupil image, α indicate threshold coefficient；And
Step S5 will meet condition in the equal subregions where t-th of sub- pupil image：IbThe m of (i, j)=1
The aggregated label of a pixel is At{ (i, j) }, and by set AtM pixel in { (i, j) } is defined as being in (Ox
(t),Oy(t)) it is the center of circle, with Or(t) it is the point on the circle of radius, using least square method solution formula (2), to obtain Ox
(t)、Oy(t)、Or(t) optimal value,
(i-Ox(t))2+(j-Oy(t))2=Or(t)2, t=1,2 ... ..., n (2),
And respectively by Ox(t)、Oy(t) optimal value retains integer as t-th sub- pupil image after rounding up
Central coordinate of circle value takes n Or(t) integer part of the average value of optimal value as all sub- pupil images unification half
Diameter value.
In above-mentioned pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method, the adaptive optics system includes wavefront control
Device and tilting mirror connected to it, wherein the tilting mirror is configured as the control letter sent according to the wavefront controller
Number circumference modulated signal is generated, so that the pyramid wave-front sensor acquires the pupil image image.
In above-mentioned pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method, the tilting mirror is with Piezoelectric Ceramic knot
The tilting mirror of structure, MEMS structure or liquid crystal structure.
In above-mentioned pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method, the pupil image image include system aberration and
Atmospheric turbulance distorted wavefront aberration.
In above-mentioned pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method, the pyramid wave-front sensor is to be reflected without modulation
Or it reflects pyramid wave-front sensor, there is modulation to reflect or reflect pyramid wave-front sensor, diffraction pyramid wave-front sensor or splicing
Pyramid wave-front sensor.
In above-mentioned pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method, in the step S2, calculated according to formula (3)
The sum of all described pupil image images,
Wherein, IkIndicate that pupil image image described in kth frame, M indicate the quantity of the pupil image image.
In above-mentioned pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method, in the step S3, calculated using gaussian filtering
Method is to described imageCarry out denoising.
In above-mentioned pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method, in the step S3, using the edges Roberts
Detection algorithm, Prewitt edge detection algorithms, Sobel edge detection algorithms, Canny edge detection algorithms, Marr-
Hildreth edge detection algorithms, Gradient edge detection algorithm, Laplace edge detection algorithms or Wavelet Edge Detection algorithm pair
Described imageCarry out edge detection process.
In above-mentioned pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method, in the step S4, the threshold coefficient α's
Value range is 1-10.
In above-mentioned pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method, in the step S5, of the pixel
Number m is more than or equal to 3.
As a result of above-mentioned technical solution, the present invention passes through to the collected multiframe light of pyramid wave-front sensor
Pupil obtains obtaining bianry image after new image carries out denoising, edge detection, binary conversion treatment after summing as image, and to two-value
Image carries out center (i.e. central coordinate of circle value) and the size (i.e. radius value) that each sub- pupil image is calculated in Separate Fit, to
Realize the calibration to pupil image.The present invention can be realized without introducing additional device in adaptive optics system to pupil
The size of picture and the calibration of position, therefore realize that the system structure of the present invention is simple, cost is relatively low；Meanwhile by pupil image
The sum of image carries out denoising and edge detection process, and the calibration of pupil image can be made not by optical aberration and air
The influence of turbulent distortion wave front aberration, to improve stability and repeatability；In addition, the present invention is widely used, it such as can be to no tune
System reflection or refraction pyramid wave-front sensor, have modulation reflect or refraction pyramid wave-front sensor, diffraction pyramid wave-front sensor,
The pupil image of splicing pyramid wave-front sensor etc. is demarcated.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is adaptive optics system in a kind of a kind of embodiment of pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method of the present invention
The structural schematic diagram of system；
Fig. 2 is image in a kind of a kind of embodiment of pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method of the present inventionSignal
Figure；
Fig. 3 is image I in a kind of a kind of embodiment of pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method of the present inventionNSSignal
Figure；
Fig. 4 is bianry image I in a kind of a kind of embodiment of pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method of the present inventionb's
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is calibrated pupil in a kind of a kind of embodiment of pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method of the present invention
As the schematic diagram of image.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided, and is described in detail.
The present invention, i.e., a kind of pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method comprising following steps:
Step S1 provides the adaptive optics system based on pyramid wave-front sensor, is adopted using the pyramid wave-front sensor
Collect multiframe pupil image image；
Step S2 calculates the sum of all pupil image images, and result of calculation is labeled as image(as shown in Figure 2)；
Step S3, to imageDenoising and edge detection process are carried out, to obtain image INS(as shown in Figure 3), will
Image INSIt is divided into multiple Deng subregions, wherein each wait in subregions includes a sub- pupil image, and waits subregional number
Amount is consistent with the quantity n on pyramid inclined-plane of pyramid wave-front sensor, and (for example, for rectangular pyramid, then there are four wait subregions；For
Triangular pyramid, then there are three grade subregions；For hexagonal pyramid, then there are six grade subregions)；
Step S4, using formula (1) to image INSIn each pixel gray value carry out binary conversion treatment, with obtain
Bianry image Ib,
Wherein, Ib(i, j) indicates bianry image IbMiddle coordinate is the gray value of the pixel of (i, j), INS(t；I, j) it indicates
Coordinate is the light intensity value of the pixel of (i, j), max { I in equal subregions where t-th of sub- pupil imageNS(t) } it indicates t-th
Where sub- pupil image etc. subregional maximum gradation value, α indicate threshold coefficient；And
Step S5 will meet condition in the equal subregions where t-th of sub- pupil image：IbThe m pixel of (i, j)=1
Aggregated label be At{ (i, j) }, and by set AtM pixel in { (i, j) } is defined as being in (Ox(t),Oy
(t)) it is the center of circle, with Or(t) it is the point on the circle of radius, using least square method solution formula (2), to obtain Ox(t)、Oy
(t)、Or(t) optimal value,
(i-Ox(t))2+(j-Oy(t))2=Or(t)2, t=1,2 ... ..., n (2),
And respectively by Ox(t)、Oy(t) optimal value retains the center of circle of the integer as t-th of sub- pupil image after rounding up
Coordinate value takes n Or(t) unified radius value of the integer part of the average value of optimal value as all sub- pupil images.
So far the central coordinate of circle value and radius value of each sub- pupil image be can get, you can complete the position to pupil image and ruler
Very little calibration (as shown in Figure 5).
In the present embodiment, the structure of the adaptive optics system in step S1 can be as shown in Figure 1 comprising：Wavefront school
Positive device 1, beam splitter 2, pyramid wave-front sensor 3 (are, for example, without modulation reflection or refraction pyramid wave-front sensor, have modulation to reflect
Or refraction pyramid wave-front sensor, diffraction pyramid wave-front sensor or splicing pyramid wave-front sensor, it uses in the present embodiment
Pyramid wave-front sensor 3 be rectangular pyramid Wavefront sensor, that is, the quantity n=4 on its pyramid inclined-plane), wavefront controller 4, imaging
System 5 and tilting mirror 6 (such as the tilting mirror with Piezoelectric Ceramic structure, MEMS structure or liquid crystal structure can be used),
Wherein, successively after tilting mirror 6, wave-front corrector 1, beam splitter 2, light beam is passed atmospheric turbulance distorted wavefront by pyramid wavefront
Sensor 3 detects, and another light beam enters imaging system 5, and wavefront controller 4 is for controlling wave-front corrector 1 and tilting mirror 6 with to wave
Before be corrected, the control signal that tilting mirror 6 is sent according to wavefront controller 4 generates circumference modulated signal, so that pyramid wavefront
Sensor 3 acquires pupil image image (acquisition time is more than the modulation period of tilting mirror 6), and pupil image image at this time includes system
Aberration and atmospheric turbulance distorted wavefront aberration.Due to the presence of optical system error, it is difficult to directly pass pyramid wavefront at this time
The size of the pupil image of sensor 3 and position are demarcated, because the presence of systematic error can lead to pupil image edge blurry, that is,
So that the marginal information missing of pupil image, therefore, is difficult to accurately demarcate pupil image in this case.
In step s 2, the sum of all pupil image images can be calculated according to formula (3),
Wherein, IkIndicate that kth frame pupil image image, M indicate the quantity of pupil image image.
In the present embodiment, in step s3, Gaussian filter algorithm can be used to imageDenoising is carried out, and is adopted
With based on differential operator edge algorithms (such as：Roberts edge detection algorithms, Prewitt edge detection algorithms, the sides Sobel
Edge detection algorithm, Canny edge detection algorithms, Marr-Hildreth edge detection algorithms, Gradient edge detection algorithm,
Laplace edge detection algorithms or Wavelet Edge Detection algorithm) to imageCarry out edge detection process.
In step s 4, threshold coefficient α is generally set according to the detection noise of pyramid wave-front sensor 3, if made an uproar
Acoustic ratio is larger, and threshold value cannot be too big, otherwise can influence stated accuracy, in the present embodiment, the value range of threshold coefficient α is
1-10 generally takes 2 can meet most application scenarios.
In step s 5, meet condition in each equal subregions：IbThe number m of the pixel of (i, j)=1 is more than or equal to 3.
It is verified through emulation experiment：Randomly generating system aberration, (root mean square is in 0~1.7 λ with atmospheric turbulance distorted wavefront aberration
Between change), the present invention can be to absolute calibration's error of pupil image position and pupil image size within 1 pixel, can
To prove that the present invention can accurately demarcate pupil image, stated accuracy meets application request.
Above-described, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is not limited to the scope of the present invention, of the invention is upper
Stating embodiment can also make a variety of changes.Made by i.e. every claims applied according to the present invention and description
Simply, equivalent changes and modifications fall within the claims of patent of the present invention.The not detailed description of the present invention is
Routine techniques content.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method, which is characterized in that the described method comprises the following steps:
Step S1, provides the adaptive optics system based on pyramid wave-front sensor, and the adaptive optics system includes wavefront
Controller and tilting mirror connected to it, wherein the tilting mirror is configured as the control sent according to the wavefront controller
Signal processed generates circumference modulated signal, to acquire multiframe pupil image image using the pyramid wave-front sensor；
Step S2 calculates the sum of all described pupil image images, and result of calculation is labeled as image
Step S3, to described imageDenoising and edge detection process are carried out, to obtain image INS, by image INSIt draws
It is divided into multiple Deng subregions, wherein include a sub- pupil image in each equal subregions, and the subregional quantity such as described
It is consistent with the quantity n on pyramid inclined-plane of the pyramid wave-front sensor；
Step S4, using formula (1) to described image INSIn each pixel gray value carry out binary conversion treatment, with obtain
Bianry image Ib,
Wherein, Ib(i, j) indicates the bianry image IbMiddle coordinate is the gray value of the pixel of (i, j), INS(t；I, j) it indicates
Coordinate is the light intensity value of the pixel of (i, j), max { I in the equal subregions where t-th of sub- pupil imageNs(t) } table
Show that subregional maximum gradation value, the α such as described where t-th of sub- pupil image indicate threshold coefficient；And
Step S5 will meet condition in the equal subregions where t-th of sub- pupil image：IbThe m pixel of (i, j)=1
The aggregated label of point is At{ (i, j) }, and by set AtM pixel in { (i, j) } is defined as being in (Ox(t),Oy
(t)) it is the center of circle, with Or(t) it is the point on the circle of radius, using least square method solution formula (2), to obtain Ox(t)、Oy
(t)、Or(t) optimal value,
(i-Ox(t))2+(j-Oy(t))2=Or(t)2, t=1,2 ... ..., n (2),
And respectively by Ox(t)、Oy(t) optimal value retains the center of circle of the integer as t-th of sub- pupil image after rounding up
Coordinate value takes n Or(t) unified radius of the integer part of the average value of optimal value as all sub- pupil images
Value.
2. pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the tilting mirror is
Tilting mirror with Piezoelectric Ceramic structure, MEMS structure or liquid crystal structure.
3. pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pupil image figure
As including system aberration and atmospheric turbulance distorted wavefront aberration.
4. pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pyramid wavefront
Sensor be without modulation reflection or refraction pyramid wave-front sensor, have modulation reflect or refraction pyramid wave-front sensor, diffraction rib
Bore Wavefront sensor or splicing pyramid wave-front sensor.
5. pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S2
In, the sum of all described pupil image images are calculated according to formula (3),
Wherein, IkIndicate that pupil image image described in kth frame, M indicate the quantity of the pupil image image.
6. pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S3
In, using Gaussian filter algorithm to described imageCarry out denoising.
7. pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S3
In, it is examined using Roberts edge detection algorithms, Prewitt edge detection algorithms, Sobel edge detection algorithms, the edges Canny
Method of determining and calculating, Marr-Hildreth edge detection algorithms, Gradient edge detection algorithm, Laplace edge detection algorithms or small echo side
Edge detection algorithm is to described imageCarry out edge detection process.
8. pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S4
In, the value range of the threshold coefficient α is 1-10.
9. pyramid wave-front sensor pupil image scaling method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S5
In, the number m of the pixel is more than or equal to 3.
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| CN108230402B (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2021-09-21 | 北京易智能科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional calibration method based on triangular pyramid model |
| CN108646406B (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2020-10-23 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Self-adaptive optical device based on pyramid wave-front sensor eigenmode control |
| CN112857750B (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2023-06-23 | 四川中科朗星光电科技有限公司 | Expanded target wavefront detection method based on edge enhancement |
| CN113252295A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-08-13 | 西南科技大学 | Flow field measuring instrument and flow field measuring method based on rectangular pyramid sensor |
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| US4141652A (en) * | 1977-11-25 | 1979-02-27 | Adaptive Optics Associates, Inc. | Sensor system for detecting wavefront distortion in a return beam of light |
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