CN105738905B - Indoor positioning system and method for reducing blind areas - Google Patents
Indoor positioning system and method for reducing blind areas Download PDFInfo
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- CN105738905B CN105738905B CN201610323368.0A CN201610323368A CN105738905B CN 105738905 B CN105738905 B CN 105738905B CN 201610323368 A CN201610323368 A CN 201610323368A CN 105738905 B CN105738905 B CN 105738905B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/02—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems using reflection of acoustic waves
- G01S15/06—Systems determining the position data of a target
- G01S15/46—Indirect determination of position data
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/02—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems using reflection of acoustic waves
- G01S15/06—Systems determining the position data of a target
- G01S15/46—Indirect determination of position data
- G01S2015/465—Indirect determination of position data by Trilateration, i.e. two transducers determine separately the distance to a target, whereby with the knowledge of the baseline length, i.e. the distance between the transducers, the position data of the target is determined
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Abstract
The invention discloses an indoor positioning system and method for reducing blind areas. The invention solves the problems that an object to be measured needs to be additionally assembled and is inconvenient to use. The method is a low-cost and practical layout and algorithm for indoor positioning of the ultrasonic wireless sensor. The device has the advantages that an additional device does not need to be worn by the target to be positioned, the use is convenient, and the coverage range is large.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of indoor positioning measurement, in particular to an indoor positioning system and method for reducing blind areas.
Background
With the rapid development of modern information technology, people's life is more and more unable to leave the positioning technology. Because the positioning of the GPS is greatly deviated in indoor and other environments with multiple obscurations, indoor positioning becomes a research hotspot. The principle of wireless positioning is to send a positioning signal to a mobile node or a plurality of reference nodes with known position coordinates, obtain the angle or signal strength of the positioning signal through a distance measurement algorithm, and obtain corresponding positioning parameters according to the positioning algorithm, so as to obtain the position of the mobile node in space.
The ultrasonic wave refers to sound wave with vibration frequency more than 20KHz, and has the characteristics of small amplitude, short wavelength, concentrated directivity and the like. The ultrasonic sensor has low price, high measurement precision and easy installation and use and is widely used for a positioning system.
The ultrasonic sensor distance measurement principle is that more than 10us of pulse trigger signals are provided for the ultrasonic sensor through an IO port, and 8 40KHz periodic levels are sent out inside the module and echoes are detected. And outputting a reverberation signal once the echo signal is detected. The pulse width of the reverberation signal is proportional to the measured distance. The distance can thus be calculated from the time interval from the transmission of the signal to the reception of the echo signal. The propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the air is v, and the distance S between the transmitting point and the obstacle can be calculated according to the time difference Deltat recorded by the timer and used for measuring the transmitting echo and the receiving echo, namely:
S＝v·Δt/2
currently, the most common form of indoor positioning using ultrasonic technology is to set an ultrasonic transmitter at some fixed position in space, set a receiver on the object to be measured (or vice versa) to measure the distance from the object to be measured to each transmitting point, and calculate to obtain the position of the object to be measured. Therefore, the object to be measured needs to be worn with extra assembly, and the use is inconvenient.
The method provides a low-cost and practical layout and algorithm for indoor positioning of the ultrasonic wireless sensor. The device has the advantages that an additional device does not need to be worn by the target to be positioned, the use is convenient, and the coverage range is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an indoor positioning system and method for reducing blind areas, and solves the problems that an object to be measured needs to be additionally assembled and is inconvenient to use.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
an indoor positioning system for reducing blind areas comprises a first sensor group, a second sensor group and a data processor, wherein the data processor is connected with the first sensor group and the second sensor group and is connected with an upper computer; the first sensor group comprises at least two ultrasonic sensors and at least two ultrasonic sensors of the second sensor group.
Optionally, the indoor positioning system further comprises a WIFI module, the WIFI module is connected with the data processor, and the indoor positioning system for reducing the blind area is connected with the upper computer through the WIFI module.
Optionally, the first sensor group includes four ultrasonic sensors, and the second sensor group includes four ultrasonic sensors.
Optionally, the angle between the ultrasonic sensors of the first sensor group and the second sensor group can be adjusted.
Optionally, the ultrasonic sensor comprises an ultrasonic reflector and an ultrasonic receiver.
Optionally, the indoor positioning system for reducing the blind area is used for three-dimensional space positioning.
An indoor positioning method for reducing blind areas is characterized by comprising a first sensor group, a second sensor group and a data processor, wherein the data processor is connected with the first sensor group and the second sensor group and is connected with an upper computer; the first sensor group comprises a first ultrasonic sensor, a second ultrasonic sensor, a third ultrasonic sensor and a fourth ultrasonic sensor, the second sensor group comprises a fifth ultrasonic sensor, a sixth ultrasonic sensor, a seventh ultrasonic sensor and an eighth ultrasonic sensor, the angle between the first ultrasonic sensor, the second ultrasonic sensor, the third ultrasonic sensor and the fourth ultrasonic sensor is 30 degrees, the angle between the fifth ultrasonic sensor, the sixth ultrasonic sensor, the seventh ultrasonic sensor and the eighth ultrasonic sensor is 30 degrees, and the method comprises the following steps:
establishing a rectangular coordinate system by taking the first sensor group as an origin and a connecting line of the first sensor group and the second sensor group as a longitudinal axis, wherein the object to be measured is in a first quadrant;
the first ultrasonic sensor, the second ultrasonic sensor, the third ultrasonic sensor and the fourth ultrasonic sensor sequentially transmit signals, and the polling is stopped until a measured object is reflected and received, so that the time t from the sending of ultrasonic waves to the receiving of the returned ultrasonic waves is obtained1o；
The fifth ultrasonic sensor, the sixth ultrasonic sensor, the seventh ultrasonic sensor and the eighth ultrasonic sensor sequentially transmit signals, and the polling is stopped until a measured object is reflected and received, so that the time t from the sending of the ultrasonic waves to the receiving of the returned ultrasonic waves is obtained2o；
According to the formula
Calculating to obtain the coordinates of the object to be measured in the rectangular coordinate system;
wherein L is1oIs the distance, L, from the object to be measured to the first sensor group2oFor the object to be measured to reach the second sensorDistance of group, t1oThe time taken for the first sensor group to pass from the emission of the ultrasonic wave to the reception of the returning ultrasonic wave, t2oThe time taken for the second sensor group to pass from the emission of the ultrasonic wave to the reception of the returning ultrasonic wave, v is the propagation velocity of the ultrasonic wave in the air, y2The distance between the first sensor group and the second sensor group is X, the X is the abscissa of the rectangular coordinate system, and the Y is the ordinate of the rectangular coordinate system.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention uses two sensor groups, solves the problem that an object to be measured needs to be worn for additional assembly and is convenient to use, and each sensor group comprises a plurality of ultrasonic sensors which form a certain angle and work in turn, thereby improving the indoor positioning precision.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an indoor positioning system for reducing blind areas according to the present invention;
in the figure, 1, an upper computer, 2, a data processor, 3, a first sensor group, 4, a first sensor group;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of an indoor positioning method for reducing blind areas according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is an algorithm model diagram of an embodiment of an indoor positioning method for reducing blind areas according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of an embodiment of an indoor positioning method for reducing blind areas according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide an indoor positioning system and method for reducing blind areas, which solve the problems that an object to be measured needs to be additionally assembled and is convenient to use, and improve the indoor positioning precision.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an indoor positioning system for reducing blind areas according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the positioning system includes: the sensor group comprises a first sensor group (3), a second sensor group (4) and a data processor (2), wherein the data processor (2) is connected with the first sensor group (3) and the second sensor group (4), and the data processor (2) is connected with an upper computer (1). The indoor positioning system for reducing blind areas is connected with the upper computer through the WIFI module. The first sensor group (3) comprises four ultrasonic sensors, and the second sensor group comprises four ultrasonic sensors. The angle between the ultrasonic sensors of the first sensor group (3) and the second sensor group (4) can be adjusted. The ultrasonic sensor includes an ultrasonic reflector and an ultrasonic receiver.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of an embodiment of an indoor positioning method for reducing blind areas according to the present invention, where the indoor positioning method for reducing blind areas includes:
step 401: establishing a rectangular coordinate system by taking the first sensor group as an origin and the connecting line of the first sensor group and the second sensor group as a longitudinal axis, wherein the object to be measured is in a first quadrant;
step 402: the first sensor group transmits ultrasonic waves, receives the ultrasonic waves returned by the object to be detected, and obtains the time t from the transmission of the ultrasonic waves to the reception of the returned ultrasonic waves1o；
Step 403: the second sensor group transmits ultrasonic waves, receives the ultrasonic waves returned by the object to be detected and obtains the time t from the transmission of the ultrasonic waves to the reception of the returned ultrasonic waves2o；
Step 404: obtaining the coordinates of the object to be measured in a rectangular coordinate system, and calculating a formula:
wherein L1o is a distance from the object to be measured to the first sensor group, L2o is a distance from the object to be measured to the second sensor group, t1o is a time taken by the first sensor group to receive the returned ultrasonic wave, t2o is a time taken by the second sensor group to receive the returned ultrasonic wave, v is a propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the air, y2 is a distance from the first sensor group to the second sensor group, x is an abscissa of the object to be measured in a rectangular coordinate system, and y is an ordinate of the object to be measured in the rectangular coordinate system.
An indoor positioning method for reducing blind areas comprises the following steps:
step 1: establishing a rectangular coordinate system by taking the first sensor group as an origin and the connecting line of the first sensor group and the second sensor group as a longitudinal axis, wherein the object to be measured is in a first quadrant;
the angles among the first ultrasonic sensor, the second ultrasonic sensor, the third ultrasonic sensor and the fourth ultrasonic sensor are 30 degrees, the angles among the fifth ultrasonic sensor, the sixth ultrasonic sensor, the seventh ultrasonic sensor and the eighth ultrasonic sensor are 30 degrees,
step 2: the first ultrasonic sensor, the second ultrasonic sensor, the third ultrasonic sensor and the fourth ultrasonic sensor sequentially transmit signals, and the polling is stopped until a measured object is reflected and received, so that the time t1o from the transmission of ultrasonic waves to the reception of returned ultrasonic waves is obtained;
and step 3: the fifth ultrasonic sensor, the sixth ultrasonic sensor, the seventh ultrasonic sensor and the eighth ultrasonic sensor sequentially transmit signals, and the polling is stopped until a measured object is reflected and received, so that the time t2o from the transmission of the ultrasonic waves to the reception of the return ultrasonic waves is obtained;
and 4, step 4: obtaining the coordinates of the object to be measured in a rectangular coordinate system, and calculating a formula:
wherein L1o is a distance from the object to be measured to the first sensor group, L2o is a distance from the object to be measured to the second sensor group, t1o is a time taken by the first sensor group to receive the returned ultrasonic wave, t2o is a time taken by the second sensor group to receive the returned ultrasonic wave, v is a propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the air, y2 is a distance from the first sensor group to the second sensor group, x is an abscissa of the object to be measured in a rectangular coordinate system, and y is an ordinate of the object to be measured in the rectangular coordinate system.
The positioning proposed by this method requires the placement of four pairs of ultrasonic transducers, each pair comprising a receiver and a transmitter, at the reference nodes 1 and 2, respectively. The angles of the ultrasonic sensors are all 30 degrees, so that four pairs of sensors can cover all the areas when each reference node is placed, and the overlapping parts exist, so that the problem that some areas cannot be covered is solved, and the blind area is reduced. The layout of sensor placement and coverage is shown in FIG. 2:
as can be seen from fig. 2, regardless of the object to be measured, the reference nodes 1 and 2 can both return the transmitted ultrasonic waves to the object to be measured and receive the ultrasonic waves.
The whole positioning process comprises the following steps: the sensors of the reference node 1 and the reference node 2 are respectively marked with the symbols of (i), (ii) and (iii), (iii) in the positioning process, only one sensor transmits signals, the other seven sensors do not transmit, the reference node 1 starts to transmit from the symbol of (i), if the reference node is not returned by the object to be detected, the symbol of (ii) starts to transmit, and after the reference node is reflected by the object to be detected and received, the other sensors of the reference node 1 do not transmit in a polling mode, so that the distance from the reference node 1 to the object to be detected can be obtained. The reference node 2 is emitted from the label (c) similarly, and the distance from the reference node 2 to the object to be measured is obtained.
Assuming that the coordinates of the reference node 1 are (0,0) and the coordinates of the reference node 2 are (0,), the algorithm model is as shown in fig. 3:
the sound velocity of the ultrasonic wave in the current indoor environment is v, the target object is O, the ultrasonic sensors of the reference node 1 and the reference node 2 emit ultrasonic waves, the transmission paths after the ultrasonic waves are reflected by the object to be measured O are respectively, the transmission time is respectively, and the distance that the ultrasonic waves are transmitted along each path is expressed by a formula as follows:
therefore, the length of three sides of a triangle formed by the reference node 1, the object O to be measured and the reference node 2 can be known according to a formula
The coordinates of the object to be measured can be obtained as follows:
the method adopts high-precision ultrasonic waves as a distance measurement technology of a positioning algorithm, utilizes the characteristic of ultrasonic wave reflection to provide a positioning algorithm based on an ultrasonic wave measurement path, measures the transmission distance of the ultrasonic wave reflection path by utilizing a TOA positioning algorithm, and establishes the known trilateral positioning algorithm. The positioning process does not need to wear extra assembly on an object to be measured, the coverage range is large, the use is convenient, the expansion is easy, and the non-coplanar nodes are added in the space to expand the three-dimensional positioning space.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the system disclosed by the embodiment, the description is relatively simple because the system corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (5)
1. An indoor positioning system for reducing blind areas is characterized by comprising a first sensor group, a second sensor group and a data processor, wherein the data processor is connected with the first sensor group and the second sensor group and is connected with an upper computer; the upper computer realizes the positioning of the object to be measured by calculating the distance between the first sensor group and the second sensor group to the object to be measured; the first sensor group comprises at least two ultrasonic sensors, and the second sensor group comprises at least two ultrasonic sensors;
the first sensor group comprises four ultrasonic sensors, and the second sensor group comprises four ultrasonic sensors; the ultrasonic sensor comprises an ultrasonic reflector and an ultrasonic receiver;
the angle between the ultrasonic sensors of the first sensor group and the second sensor group is adjustable;
the positioning process is as follows:
the sensors of the first sensor group and the second sensor group are respectively numbered, the first sensor group is respectively numbered 1, 2, 3 and 4, the second sensor group is respectively numbered 5, 6, 7 and 8, only one sensor transmits signals in the positioning process, the other seven sensors do not transmit, the first sensor group starts to transmit from the sensor with the number of 1, if the first sensor group is not returned by the object to be detected, the sensor with the number of 2 starts to transmit, and other numbered sensors of the first sensor group do not perform polling transmission until the other numbered sensors of the first sensor group are received after being reflected by the object to be detected, so that the distance from the first sensor group to the object to be detected can be obtained; the second sensor group starts to emit from the sensor numbered 5, and the distance from the second sensor group to the object to be measured is obtained.
2. The indoor positioning system for reducing the blind area of claim 1, further comprising a WIFI module, wherein the WIFI module is connected with the data processor, and the indoor positioning system for reducing the blind area is connected with an upper computer through the WIFI module.
3. The reduced blind area indoor positioning system of claim 1, wherein the reduced blind area indoor positioning system is used for three-dimensional space positioning.
4. The indoor positioning method for reducing the blind area is characterized in that the method is applied to an indoor positioning system for reducing the blind area, the positioning system comprises a first sensor group, a second sensor group and a data processor, the data processor is connected with the first sensor group and the second sensor group, and the indoor positioning system for reducing the blind area is connected with an upper computer; the first sensor group comprises at least two ultrasonic sensors, and the second sensor group comprises at least two ultrasonic sensors; the method comprises the following steps:
establishing a rectangular coordinate system by taking the first sensor group as an origin and the connecting line of the first sensor group and the second sensor group as a longitudinal axis, wherein the object to be measured is in a first quadrant;
respectively labeling the sensors of the first sensor group and the second sensor group, wherein only one sensor transmits signals, and the other seven sensors do not transmit signals in the positioning process, the first sensor group starts to transmit from the sensor labeled with the number 1, if the signals are not returned by the object to be detected, the sensor labeled with the number 2 starts to transmit, and other labeled sensors of the first sensor group do not perform polling transmission until the signals are reflected and received by the object to be detected, so that the distance from the first sensor group to the object to be detected can be obtained; the second sensor group starts to emit from the sensor with the number of 5, and the distance from the second sensor group to the object to be measured is obtained;
obtaining the first sensor group to transmit ultrasonic waves to receive the ultrasonic waves to be detectedMeasuring the time t taken by the object to return to the ultrasonic wave1o；
Obtaining the time t from the second sensor group to the object to be detected to return the ultrasonic wave2o；
According to the formula
Calculating to obtain the coordinates of the object to be measured in the rectangular coordinate system;
wherein L is1oIs the distance, L, from the object to be measured to the first sensor group2oIs the distance from the object to be measured to the second sensor group, t1oThe time taken for the first sensor group to pass from the emission of the ultrasonic wave to the reception of the returning ultrasonic wave, t2oThe time taken for the second sensor group to pass from the emission of the ultrasonic wave to the reception of the returning ultrasonic wave, v is the propagation velocity of the ultrasonic wave in the air, y2The distance between the first sensor group and the second sensor group is X, the X is the abscissa of the rectangular coordinate system, and the Y is the ordinate of the rectangular coordinate system.
5. An indoor positioning method for reducing blind areas is characterized by comprising a first sensor group, a second sensor group and a data processor, wherein the data processor is connected with the first sensor group and the second sensor group and is connected with an upper computer; the first sensor group comprises a first ultrasonic sensor, a second ultrasonic sensor, a third ultrasonic sensor and a fourth ultrasonic sensor, the second sensor group comprises a fifth ultrasonic sensor, a sixth ultrasonic sensor, a seventh ultrasonic sensor and an eighth ultrasonic sensor, the angle between the first ultrasonic sensor, the second ultrasonic sensor, the third ultrasonic sensor and the fourth ultrasonic sensor is 30 degrees, the fourth ultrasonic sensor is parallel to the fifth ultrasonic sensor, and the angle between the fifth ultrasonic sensor, the sixth ultrasonic sensor, the seventh ultrasonic sensor and the eighth ultrasonic sensor is 30 degrees, and the method comprises the following steps:
establishing a rectangular coordinate system by taking the first sensor group as an origin and a connecting line of the first sensor group and the second sensor group as a longitudinal axis, wherein the object to be measured is in a first quadrant;
the first ultrasonic sensor, the second ultrasonic sensor, the third ultrasonic sensor and the fourth ultrasonic sensor sequentially transmit signals, and the polling is stopped until a measured object is reflected and received, so that the time t from the sending of ultrasonic waves to the receiving of the returned ultrasonic waves is obtained1o；
The fifth ultrasonic sensor, the sixth ultrasonic sensor, the seventh ultrasonic sensor and the eighth ultrasonic sensor sequentially transmit signals, and the polling is stopped until a measured object is reflected and received, so that the time t from the sending of the ultrasonic waves to the receiving of the returned ultrasonic waves is obtained2o；
According to the formula
Calculating to obtain the coordinates of the object to be measured in the rectangular coordinate system;
wherein L is1oIs the distance, L, from the object to be measured to the first sensor group2oIs the distance from the object to be measured to the second sensor group, t1oThe time taken for the first sensor group to pass from the emission of the ultrasonic wave to the reception of the returning ultrasonic wave, t2oThe time taken for the second sensor group to pass from the emission of the ultrasonic wave to the reception of the returning ultrasonic wave, v is the propagation velocity of the ultrasonic wave in the air, y2The distance between the first sensor group and the second sensor group is X, the X is the abscissa of the rectangular coordinate system, and the Y is the ordinate of the rectangular coordinate system.
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| CN108562914A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-09-21 | 珠海市微半导体有限公司 | A kind of infrared detecting device and control method based on blind area |
| CN109270491A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2019-01-25 | 安徽信息工程学院 | Indoor acoustic location device based on Kinect |
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