CN105697000A

CN105697000A - Oil well monitoring system and method

Info

Publication number: CN105697000A
Application number: CN201610263524.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐光武
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2016-04-25
Filing date: 2016-04-25
Publication date: 2016-06-22

Abstract

The invention relates to an oil well monitoring system and method for drilling and completion. The oil well monitoring system comprises a drilling and completion inlet flow rate monitoring part, a drilling and completion outlet flow rate monitoring part, a drilling and completion wellhead anti-spilling pipe liquid level monitoring part, an automatic grouting part, a drilling tool motion state detection device, and a computer, software and hardware control part. Due to the oil well monitoring system, accidents such as well kick and lost circulation can be monitored fast and sensitively.

Description

Oil well monitoring system and monitoring method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of oil well monitoring system being drilled operation use, be specifically related to oil well monitoring system and the monitoring method of down-hole leakage and well kick。

Background technology

In petroleum drilling Completion Operations, well kick and leakage are the accidents of a kind of frequent appearance, bring huge personnel, financial losses to petroleum industry。Mud level is monitored by current domestic main employing in surface mud tank, and in slurry tank, mud level raises and represents that well kick, mud level reduce expression leakage。The method of this monitoring slurry tank liquid level has very big shortcoming: first, and mud must be flow through vibrosieve from well head by anti-overflow pipe, be flow back into slurry tank then through mud ditch so that the response time that monitoring well kick and leakage need is long；Secondly as slurry tank volume is big, after there is well kick or leakage, the change of mud liquid filling position is slowly, it is impossible to monitoring well kick and leakage accident delicately。Accordingly, it would be desirable to the system of a kind of quick, sensitivity monitoring well kick and leakage accident。

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide the oil well monitoring system of a kind of enzyme rapidly and sensitively monitoring well kick and leakage and monitoring method。

In the first aspect, the present invention relates to a kind of oil well monitoring system, including: it is drilled well inlet flow rate monitoring part；It is drilled well rate of discharge monitoring part；It is drilled well well head anti-overflow pipe liquid level monitoring part；Automatic grouting part；Drilling tool motion state detection device and computer and software and hardware control part。

In a preferred embodiment, it is drilled the external clamping effusion meter 7 that well inlet flow rate monitoring part includes being arranged on slush pump 21 port of export drilling riser pipe 11 and water U-tube 41 flow monitoring device on slush pump；On slush pump, water U-tube 41 one end is connected with slush pump 21 water-line, the other end is connected with grouting tank 16 with mud ditch 18 by circulating tank 15, on slush pump, the U-tube lower end of water U-tube 41 is placed in ground and digs pit in 25, to ensure that whole U-shape structure is in the direction of vertical ground, on slush pump water U-tube 41 while being provided with electromagnetic wave effusion meter 9, be drilled well inlet flow rate monitoring by slush pump water U-tube 41 install electromagnetic wave effusion meter 9 and slush pump 21 port of export drilling riser pipe 11 on external clamping effusion meter 7 monitor respectively；On slush pump, the bottom design of water U-tube 41 has the stirring rod 34 with blade, stirring rod 34 with blade is connected with the motor 36 outside water U-tube 41 on slush pump by the bearing that seals being fixed on slush pump in water U-tube 41, the driven by motor stirring rod 34 with blade rotates, in order to the mud solids particle precipitation prevented on whole slush pump in water U-tube 41；On slush pump, the other end design bottom water U-tube 41 has valve 37, in order to the precipitate bottom whole U-tube to be cleared up。Wherein, stirring rod 34 with blade can be replaced mud gun nozzle, motor 36 can be replaced electric pump, on electric pump, water end (W.E.) is connected in the middle part of water U-tube 41 with on slush pump, the electric pump port of export is connected with the mud gun nozzle bottom water U-tube 41 on slush pump, electric pump, by extracting on slush pump the mud in the middle part of water U-tube 41, sprays jet from mud gun nozzle, to rinse on slush pump the precipitate bottom water U-tube 41。

In a preferred embodiment, it is drilled well rate of discharge monitoring part generally wellhead slurry outlet U-tube 42, its one end and well head outlet 14 is connected by sebific duct or iron pipe 39, and its other end vibrosieve 19 that is connected with mud vibrating screen 19 is connected to, by mud ditch 17, the tank 16 that is in the milk；In the middle part of one side of described U-tube structure, electromagnetic wave effusion meter 10 is installed, the another side top of U-tube structure is provided with mud degasser control 43, mud degasser 44 is arranged on the inside of the another side of described U-tube structure, the top of the another side of U-tube structure is installed below exhaustor 30 and well logging gas probing 29 in mud degasser control 43, external clamping effusion meter 38 is arranged on the middle part of the another side of described U-tube structure, described U-tube structure top be the crutches pipe 31 with crutches type structure；The stirring rod 46 with blade is had in the design of U-tube structural base, stirring rod 46 with blade is connected with the motor 48 of U-tube structural outer by the bearing that seals being fixed in U-tube structure, motor 48 drives the stirring rod 46 with blade to rotate, in order to prevent the mud solids particle precipitation in whole U-tube structure；Other end in U-tube structural base designs valve 49, in order to can the precipitate bottom whole U-tube be cleared up；Described U-tube structure vertical is installed in ground。Wherein, stirring rod 46 with blade can be replaced mud gun nozzle, motor 48 can be replaced electric pump, on electric pump, water end (W.E.) is connected with in the middle part of U-tube structure, electric pump outlet pipe end is connected with the mud gun nozzle bottom U-tube, electric pump, by extracting the mud in the middle part of U-tube structure, sprays jet from mud gun nozzle, with the precipitate in washing U-shaped tubular construction。

In a preferred embodiment, it is drilled well well head anti-overflow pipe liquid level monitoring part and includes differential pressure type liquid level sensor 3 and wellhead slurry level monitoring device 45；Differential pressure type liquid level sensor 3 is arranged on inside and outside four-way on valve 2, for the mud liquid level measured inside and outside four-way in valve 2 to well head anti-overflow pipe 40；Wellhead slurry level monitoring device 45 is double-T shaped structure, its one end is connected with well head anti-overflow pipe 40 by U-tube bottom tube 28, link position is between well head outlet 14 and ring-like blowout preventer 1, and described link position is in a longitudinal direction lower than slurry outlet pipe 14；The other end of described double-T shaped structure is provided with two upright pipes 26,27, and the top of the first upright pipe 26 is provided with laser or ultrasonic sensor 5, and the top of the second upright pipe 27 is provided with guided wave liquid level sensor 6；Whole double-T shaped structure and well head anti-overflow pipe 40 form a U-tube structure, and the mud of described U-tube inside configuration is connection；Laser or ultrasonic sensor 5 and guided wave liquid level sensor 6 can measure the mud liquid level in well head anti-overflow pipe 40 by two upright pipes 26,27 of double-T shaped structure；The bottom of described double-T shaped structure is provided with valve 33, in order to clear up the precipitate of U-tube structural base。Wherein, about the laser installed on the top of the first upright pipe 26 or ultrasonic sensor 5 and the guided wave liquid level sensor 6 installed on the top of the second upright pipe 27, laser or ultrasonic sensor 5 only can be installed on the top of the first upright pipe 26, or guided wave liquid level sensor 6 is only installed on the top of the second upright pipe 27。

In one embodiment, automatic grouting part includes the grouting pump 20 and the grouting pipeline 22 that are arranged on grouting tank 16, grouting pipeline 22 is connected with well head grouting mouth 32, well head grouting mouth 32 is connected on well head anti-overflow pipe 40, link position is positioned at the lower section of the U-tube bottom tube 28 of wellhead slurry level monitoring device 45 in vertical direction, between U-tube bottom tube 28 and ring shaped capping apparatus 1；Automatic slurring system is under the control of a computer system to carrying out automatic grouting in pit shaft。

In a preferred embodiment, drilling rod motion state detection device is be fixed on well head anti-overflow pipe 40 top for detecting the mechanism of drilling rod kinestate, its example can referring to utility model patent: a kind of drilling rod motion detection apparatus ZL201520030923.1, is expressly incorporated herein by reference by its full content。

In a preferred embodiment, computer and software and hardware control part are made up of switch board, computer, software, alarm, power cable and communication cable。

In second aspect, the present invention relates to a kind of oil well monitor method, described monitoring method uses and is monitored according to oil well monitoring system as above。

In a preferred embodiment, creeping into/mud cyclic process in, utilize the electromagnetic wave effusion meter 9 being arranged on slush pump in water U-tube 41 and the external clamping effusion meter 7 being arranged on drilling riser pipe 11 that the flow Q1 of slush pump 21 is monitored；The flow Q2 that drilling well is exported by the external clamping effusion meter 38 being arranged in wellhead slurry outlet U-tube 42 and electromagnetic wave effusion meter 10 is utilized to be monitored；Utilize the mud level height H being arranged on laser on wellhead slurry level monitoring device 45 or ultrasonic sensor 5 and guided wave liquid level sensor 6 and the differential pressure type liquid level sensor 3 that is arranged on inside and outside four-way on valve 2 to monitor in well head anti-overflow pipe 40；All data are transferred to industrial computer, computer software can the difference of automatic decision Q1-Q2, when difference exceedes setting, control speaker 24 and report to the police leakage, when difference is lower than setting, controls speaker 24 and report to the police well kick；Computer software judges the mud level height H in well head anti-overflow pipe 40 simultaneously, sends leakage when H is lower than setting value and reports to the police, and then sends well kick when H is higher than setting value and reports to the police。

In a preferred embodiment, in trip-out process, drilling rod 12 moves upward, and the kinestate of drilling rod 12 is transferred to computer by drilling rod motion state detection device 4；Mud level in well head anti-overflow pipe 40 reduces；Mud level height H1 in well head anti-overflow pipe 40 is transferred to computer by differential pressure type liquid level sensor 3, laser or ultrasonic sensor 5, guided wave liquid level sensor 6 in real time, and pit shaft is carried out mending slurry and maintains liquid level in pit shaft inside and outside four-way in altitude range between valve 2 and outlet 14 by computer software control grouting pump 20；When grouting pump 20 is in halted state, H1 is if there is downward trend, and computer software leakage can occur and send leakage warning in automatic decision down-hole；When H1 is if there is ascendant trend, there is well kick and sends well kick warning in computer software automatic decision down-hole；When the mud in well head flows through the external clamping effusion meter 38 and electromagnetic wave effusion meter 10 that are arranged on wellhead slurry outlet U-tube 42, data on flows is transferred to computer by the two effusion meter, and computer software carries out secondary warning well kick according to the size of flow value。

In a preferred embodiment, at lower brill or make up a joint in process, drilling rod 12 moves downward, and the kinestate of drilling rod 12 is transferred to computer by drilling rod motion state detection device 4, and the mud in pit shaft is discharged well head；Mud level height H2 in well head anti-overflow pipe 40 is transferred to computer by differential pressure type liquid level sensor 3, laser or ultrasonic sensor 5, guided wave liquid level sensor 6 in real time, the difference of computer software automatic decision H2 and setting value, and then realize leakage or well kick warning；When mud flows through the external clamping effusion meter 38 and electromagnetic wave effusion meter 10 that are arranged on wellhead slurry outlet U-tube 42 simultaneously, data on flows is transferred to computer by the two effusion meter, and computer software carries out secondary warning well kick or leakage according to the size of flow value。

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the oil well monitoring system structural representation of the present invention。

Detailed description of the invention

It is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing oil well monitoring system to the present invention and monitoring method。

Each accompanying drawing labelling involved in Fig. 1 is as follows:

1-blowout preventer；Valve inside and outside 2-four-way；3-differential pressure type liquid level sensor；4-drilling rod motion state detection device；5-laser or ultrasonic sensor；6-guided wave liquid level sensor；7-external clamping effusion meter；8-laser or ultrasonic sensor；9-electromagnetic wave effusion meter；10-electromagnetic wave effusion meter；11-drilling riser pipe；12-drilling rod；13-drilling floor surface；14-outlet；15-circulating tank；16-is in the milk tank；17-mud ditch；18-mud ditch；19-vibrosieve；20-grouting pump；21-slush pump；22-is in the milk pipeline 22；23-computer；24-speaker；25-digs pit on ground；26-uprightly manages；27-uprightly manages；28-U shape pipe bottom tube；29-well logging gas probing head；30-exhaustor；31-crutches pipe；32-well head grouting mouth；33-valve；The 34-stirring rod with blade；35-sand washing pump filling pipe end；36-motor or electric pump；37-valve；38-external clamping effusion meter；39-sebific duct or iron pipe；40-well head anti-overflow pipe；Water U-tube on 41-slush pump；42-wellhead slurry outlet U-tube；43-mud degasser controls head；44-mud degasser；45-wellhead slurry level monitoring device；The 46-stirring rod with blade；47-sand washing pump filling pipe end；48-motor or electric pump；49-valve。

The oil well monitoring system of the present invention includes: be drilled well inlet flow rate monitoring part；It is drilled well rate of discharge monitoring part；It is drilled well well head anti-overflow pipe liquid level monitoring part；Automatic grouting part；Drilling tool motion state detection device；Computer and software and hardware control part。Wherein, it is drilled the external clamping effusion meter 7 that well inlet flow rate monitoring part includes being arranged on slush pump 21 port of export drilling riser pipe 11 and water U-tube 41 flow monitoring device on slush pump。On slush pump, water U-tube 41 one end is connected with slush pump 21 water-line, the other end is connected with grouting tank 16 with mud ditch 18 by circulating tank 15, on slush pump, the U-tube lower end of water U-tube 41 is placed on ground and digs pit in 25, to ensure that whole U-shape structure is in the direction of vertical ground, on slush pump water U-tube 41 while being provided with electromagnetic wave effusion meter 9, be drilled well inlet flow rate monitoring just by slush pump water U-tube 41 installation electromagnetic wave effusion meter 9 and slush pump 21 port of export drilling riser pipe 11 on external clamping effusion meter 7 monitor respectively；On slush pump, the bottom end design of water U-tube 41 has the stirring rod 34 with blade, stirring rod 34 with blade is connected with the motor 36 outside water U-tube 41 on slush pump by the bearing that seals being fixed on slush pump in water U-tube 41, motor 36 can drive stirring rod 34 high-speed rotation with blade, in order to the mud solids particle precipitation prevented on whole slush pump in water U-tube 41；On slush pump, the other end design bottom water U-tube 41 has valve 37, opens valve 37 and can the precipitate bottom whole U-tube be cleared up。Stirring rod 34 and motor 36 part with blade are it may also is that the stirring rod 34 with blade replaces with mud gun nozzle, motor replaces with electric pump, on electric pump, water end (W.E.) is connected in the middle part of water U-tube 41 with on slush pump, the electric pump port of export is connected with the mud gun nozzle bottom water U-tube 41 on slush pump, electric pump is by the mud in the middle part of water U-tube 41 on extraction slush pump, jet is sprayed, to rinse on slush pump the precipitate bottom water U-tube 41 from mud gun nozzle at high speeds。The design of whole U-shape structure is to ensure that import mud is full-section pipe-flow when flowing through electromagnetic wave effusion meter 9, and prevent from the solid particle in mud to be deposited near electromagnetic wave effusion meter 9 affecting certainty of measurement, on whole slush pump, water U-tube 41 is perpendicular to surface-mounted purpose also for the measurement requirement meeting electromagnetic wave effusion meter 9 simultaneously。It is drilled well rate of discharge monitoring part and includes wellhead slurry outlet U-tube 42 flow monitoring part, its one end is connected with well head outlet 14 by sebific duct or iron pipe 39, its other end is connected with mud vibrating screen 19, wellhead slurry outlet U-tube 42 middle part on one side is provided with electromagnetic wave effusion meter 10, wellhead slurry outlet U-tube 42 another side top is provided with mud degasser control 43, mud degasser 44 is arranged on the inside of wellhead slurry outlet U-tube 42 another side, it is connected with mud degasser control 43, the top of wellhead slurry outlet U-tube 42 another side is installed below exhaustor 30 and well logging gas probing 29 in mud degasser control 43, the wellhead slurry outlet U-tube 42 crutches pipe 31 that top is crutches type structure on one side；Export U-tube 42 structure one end bottom design at wellhead slurry and have the stirring rod 46 with blade, stirring rod 46 with blade is connected with the motor 48 outside wellhead slurry outlet U-tube 42 by the bearing that seals being fixed in wellhead slurry outlet U-tube 42, motor 48 can drive stirring rod 46 high-speed rotation with blade, in order to prevent the mud solids particle precipitation in whole wellhead slurry outlet U-tube 42；Export other end design bottom U-tube 42 at wellhead slurry and have valve 49, open valve 49 and the precipitate that whole wellhead slurry exports bottom U-tube 42 can be cleared up。Stirring rod 46 and motor 48 part with blade are it may also is that the stirring rod 46 with blade replaces with mud gun nozzle, motor 48 replaces with electric pump, on electric pump, water end (W.E.) is connected with in the middle part of wellhead slurry outlet U-tube 42, the mud gun nozzle that electric pump outlet pipe end exports bottom U-tube 42 with wellhead slurry is connected, electric pump is by extracting the mud in the middle part of wellhead slurry outlet U-tube 42, jet is sprayed, with the precipitate of washing U-shaped pipe from mud gun nozzle at high speeds。Total adopts and is perpendicular to ground installation。Whole design is in order to reach four purposes: one is that the partly-filled pipe-flow of the mud in slurry outlet pipe 14 is become full-section pipe-flow, in order to the accurate measurement of electromagnetic wave effusion meter 9；Two is remove the bubble in mud, in order to eliminate as much as the bubble impact on the certainty of measurement of electromagnetic wave effusion meter 9；Three is the certainty of measurement preventing mud sediment bottom U-tube from affecting electromagnetic wave effusion meter 9；Four be the gas discharging that mud degasser 44 is removed to well logging gas probing 29 so that the monitoring of mud logging gas。It is drilled well well head anti-overflow pipe liquid level monitoring part and includes differential pressure type liquid level sensor 3 and wellhead slurry level monitoring device 45。Differential pressure type liquid level sensor 3 is arranged on inside and outside four-way on valve 2, for the mud liquid level measured inside and outside four-way in valve 2 to well head anti-overflow pipe 40。Wellhead slurry level monitoring device 45 is double-T shaped structure, its one end is connected with well head anti-overflow pipe 40, link position is between well head outlet 14 and ring-like blowout preventer 1, and link position is in a longitudinal direction lower than slurry outlet pipe 14, outlet 14 is connected with well head anti-overflow pipe 40, blowout preventer 1 is positioned at valve 2 top inside and outside four-way, and connected by conventional methods；The other end of double-T shaped structure is provided with two upright pipes 26,27, and the top of upright pipe 26 is provided with laser or ultrasonic sensor 5, and the top of upright pipe 27 is provided with guided wave liquid level sensor 6。Whole double-T shaped structure and well head anti-overflow pipe 40 form a U-tube structure, and the mud of described U-tube inside configuration is connection；Laser or ultrasonic sensor 5 and guided wave liquid level sensor 6 can measure the mud liquid level in well head anti-overflow pipe 40 by the upright pipe 26,27 of double-T shaped structure；The other end of double-T shaped structural base is provided with valve 33, opens valve 33 and can clear up the precipitate of U-tube structural base。Automatic grouting part includes the grouting pump 20 and the grouting pipeline 22 that are arranged on grouting tank 16, grouting pipeline 22 is connected with well head grouting mouth 32, well head grouting mouth 32 is welded on well head anti-overflow pipe 40, it is positioned at the lower section of the U-tube bottom tube 28 of wellhead slurry level monitoring device 45 in vertical direction, between U-tube bottom tube 28 and ring shaped capping apparatus 1。Automatic slurring system is under the control of a computer system to carrying out automatic grouting in pit shaft。Drilling rod motion state detection device is the mechanism for detecting drilling rod kinestate being fixed on well head anti-overflow pipe 40 top, and the full content of described patent such as referring to utility model patent ZL201520030923.1, can be expressly incorporated herein by reference by it。Computer and software and hardware control part include switch board, computer, software, alarm, power cable and communication cable。

The monitoring method of the underground liquid level monitoring system of the present invention is as follows:

Creeping into/mud cyclic process in, utilize the electromagnetic wave effusion meter 9 being arranged on slush pump in water U-tube 41 and the external clamping effusion meter 7 being arranged on drilling riser pipe 11 that the flow Q1 of slush pump 21 is monitored；Utilize the external clamping effusion meter 38 being arranged in wellhead slurry outlet U-tube 42 and electromagnetic wave effusion meter 10 that drilling well rate of discharge Q2 is monitored；Utilize the mud level height H being arranged on laser on wellhead slurry level monitoring device 45 or ultrasonic sensor 5 and guided wave liquid level sensor 6 and the differential pressure type liquid level sensor 3 that is arranged on inside and outside four-way on valve 2 to monitor in well head anti-overflow pipe 40；All data are transferred to industrial computer, computer software can the difference of automatic decision Q1-Q2, when difference exceedes setting, control speaker 24 and report to the police leakage, when difference is lower than setting, controls speaker 24 and report to the police well kick；Computer software judges the mud level height H in well head anti-overflow pipe 40 simultaneously, sends leakage when H is lower than setting value and reports to the police, and then sends well kick when H is higher than setting value and reports to the police。

In trip-out process, drilling rod 12 moves upward, and the kinestate of drilling rod 12 can be transferred to computer by drilling rod motion state detection device 4；Mud level in well head anti-overflow pipe 40 reduces；Mud level height H1 in well head anti-overflow pipe 40 is transferred to computer by differential pressure type liquid level sensor 3, laser or ultrasonic sensor 5, guided wave liquid level sensor 6 in real time, and pit shaft can be carried out mending slurry and maintain liquid level in pit shaft inside and outside four-way in altitude range between valve 2 and outlet 14 by controlled grouting pump 20 by computer software。When grouting pump 20 is in halted state, H1 is if there is downward trend, and computer software leakage can occur and send leakage warning in automatic decision down-hole；When H1 is if there is ascendant trend, can there is well kick and send well kick warning in automatic decision down-hole in computer software；When the mud in well head flows through the external clamping effusion meter 38 and electromagnetic wave effusion meter 10 that are arranged on wellhead slurry outlet U-tube 42, data on flows can be transferred to computer by the two effusion meter, and computer software carries out secondary warning well kick according to the size of flow value。

At lower brill or make up a joint in process, drilling rod 12 moves downward, the kinestate of drilling rod 12 can be transferred to computer by drilling rod motion state detection device 4, mud in pit shaft can be discharged well head, mud level height H2 in well head anti-overflow pipe 40 is transferred to computer by differential pressure type liquid level sensor 3, laser or ultrasonic sensor 5, guided wave liquid level sensor 6 in real time, the difference of computer software meeting automatic decision H2 and setting value, and then realize leakage and well kick warning；When mud flows through the external clamping effusion meter 38 and electromagnetic wave effusion meter 10 that are arranged on wellhead slurry outlet U-tube 42 simultaneously, data on flows can be transferred to computer by the two effusion meter, and computer software carries out secondary warning well kick or leakage according to the size of flow value。

Claims

1. an oil well monitoring system, including: it is drilled well inlet flow rate monitoring part；It is drilled well rate of discharge monitoring part；It is drilled well well head anti-overflow pipe liquid level monitoring part；Automatic grouting part；Drilling tool motion state detection device and computer and software and hardware control part；Computer and software and hardware control part include switch board, computer, software, alarm, power cable and communication cable；It is drilled well well head anti-overflow pipe liquid level monitoring part and includes differential pressure type liquid level sensor (3) and wellhead slurry level monitoring device (45)；Differential pressure type liquid level sensor (3) is arranged on valve inside and outside four-way (2), is used for measuring valve inside and outside four-way (2) to the mud liquid level in well head anti-overflow pipe (40)；Wellhead slurry level monitoring device (45) includes double-T shaped structure, its one end is connected with well head anti-overflow pipe (40) by U-tube bottom tube (28), link position is positioned between the well head outlet (14) and ring-like blowout preventer (1) being connected with well head anti-overflow pipe (40), and described link position is in a longitudinal direction lower than slurry outlet pipe (14)；The other end of described double-T shaped structure is provided with two upright pipes (26,27), and the first top uprightly managing (26) is provided with laser or ultrasonic sensor (5), and the second top uprightly managing (27) is provided with guided wave liquid level sensor (6)；Whole double-T shaped structure forms a U-tube structure with well head anti-overflow pipe (40), and the mud of described U-tube inside configuration is connection；Laser or ultrasonic sensor (5) and guided wave liquid level sensor (6) can measure the mud liquid level in well head anti-overflow pipe (40) by two upright pipes (26,27) of double-T shaped structure；The bottom of described double-T shaped structure is provided with valve (33), in order to clear up the precipitate of U-tube structural base；Described first uprightly manage (26) top install laser or ultrasonic sensor (5) and described second uprightly manage (27) top install guided wave liquid level sensor (6) in, laser or ultrasonic sensor (5) are only installed on the described first top uprightly managing (26), or only on the described second top uprightly managing (27), guided wave liquid level sensor (6) are installed；Automatic grouting part includes the grouting pump (20) and grouting pipeline (22) that are arranged in grouting tank (16), grouting pipeline (22) is connected with well head grouting mouth (32), well head grouting mouth (32) is connected on well head anti-overflow pipe (40), link position is positioned at the lower section of the U-tube bottom tube (28) of wellhead slurry level monitoring device (45) in vertical direction, between U-tube bottom tube (28) and ring shaped capping apparatus (1)；Automatic slurring system is under the control of a computer system to carrying out automatic grouting in pit shaft；Drilling rod motion state detection device is for being fixed on the mechanism for detecting drilling rod kinestate on well head anti-overflow pipe (40) top。

2. oil well monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be drilled the external clamping effusion meter (7) that well inlet flow rate monitoring part includes being arranged on slush pump (21) port of export drilling riser pipe (11) and water U-tube (41) flow monitoring device on slush pump；On slush pump, water U-tube (41) one end is connected with slush pump (21) water-line, the other end is connected with grouting tank (16) with mud ditch (18) by circulating tank (15), on slush pump, the U-tube lower end of water U-tube (41) is placed in ground and digs pit in (25), to ensure that whole U-shape structure is in the direction of vertical ground, water U-tube (41) while being provided with electromagnetic wave effusion meter (9) on slush pump, be drilled the monitoring of well inlet flow rate by slush pump water U-tube (41) while the external clamping effusion meter (7) on the electromagnetic wave effusion meter (9) installed and slush pump (21) port of export drilling riser pipe (11) is monitored respectively；On slush pump, the bottom end design of water U-tube (41) has the stirring rod (34) with blade, stirring rod (34) with blade is connected with the motor (36) of water U-tube (41) outside on slush pump by the sealing bearing being fixed on slush pump in water U-tube (41), motor (36) drives the stirring rod (34) with blade to rotate, in order to the mud solids particle precipitation prevented on whole slush pump in water U-tube (41)；On slush pump, the other end design of water U-tube (41) bottom has valve (37), in order to the precipitate bottom whole U-tube to be cleared up。

3. oil well monitoring system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the stirring rod (34) with blade replaces with mud gun nozzle, motor (36) replaces with electric pump, on electric pump, water end (W.E.) is connected with water U-tube (41) middle part on slush pump, the electric pump port of export is connected with the mud gun nozzle of water U-tube (41) bottom on slush pump, electric pump is by extracting the mud at water U-tube (41) middle part on slush pump, jet is sprayed, to rinse the precipitate of water U-tube (41) bottom on slush pump from mud gun nozzle。

4. oil well monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be drilled well rate of discharge monitoring part and include wellhead slurry outlet U-tube (42) flow monitoring device, its one end is connected with well head outlet (14) by sebific duct or iron pipe (39), its other end is connected with mud vibrating screen (19), and vibrosieve (19) is connected to grouting tank (16) by mud ditch (17)；Wellhead slurry outlet U-tube (42) middle part on one side is provided with electromagnetic wave effusion meter (10), another side top is provided with mud degasser and controls head (43), mud degasser (44) is arranged on the inside of the another side of described U-tube structure, the top of the another side of wellhead slurry outlet U-tube (42) controls head (43) at mud degasser and is installed below exhaustor (30) and well logging gas probing head (29), external clamping effusion meter (38) is arranged on the middle part of the another side of wellhead slurry outlet U-tube (42), the top on one side of described wellhead slurry outlet U-tube (42) is the crutches pipe (31) with crutches type structure；The bottom end design exporting U-tube (42) at wellhead slurry has the stirring rod (46) with blade, the motor (48) that stirring rod (46) with blade exports U-tube (42) outside by the sealing bearing being fixed on wellhead slurry outlet U-tube (42) with wellhead slurry is connected, motor (48) drives the stirring rod (46) with blade to rotate, in order to prevent the mud solids particle precipitation in whole wellhead slurry outlet U-tube (42)；The other end design exporting U-tube (42) bottom at wellhead slurry has valve (49), and the precipitate in order to whole wellhead slurry to export U-tube (42) bottom is cleared up；Described wellhead slurry outlet U-tube (42) is perpendicular to ground and installs。

5. oil well monitoring system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the stirring rod (46) with blade replaces with mud gun nozzle, motor (48) replaces with electric pump, on electric pump, water end (W.E.) is connected with in the middle part of U-tube structure, electric pump outlet pipe end is connected with the mud gun nozzle bottom U-tube, electric pump, by extracting the mud in the middle part of U-tube structure, sprays jet from mud gun nozzle, with the precipitate in washing U-shaped tubular construction。

6. an oil well monitor method, it is characterised in that: use the oil well monitoring system according to any one of claim 1-5 to be monitored, wherein,

Creeping into/mud cyclic process in, utilize the electromagnetic wave effusion meter (9) being arranged on slush pump in water U-tube (41) and the external clamping effusion meter (7) being arranged on drilling riser pipe (11) that the flow Q1 of slush pump (21) is monitored；The flow Q2 that utilization is arranged on the external clamping effusion meter (38) on wellhead slurry outlet U-tube (42) and drilling well is exported by electromagnetic wave effusion meter (10) is monitored；The mud level height H that utilization is arranged on the laser on wellhead slurry level monitoring device (45) or ultrasonic sensor (5) and guided wave liquid level sensor (6), utilizes the differential pressure type liquid level sensor (3) being arranged on valve inside and outside four-way (2) to monitor in well head anti-overflow pipe (40)；All data are transferred to industrial computer, the difference of computer software meeting automatic decision Q1-Q2, when difference exceedes setting, control speaker (24) warning leakage, when difference is lower than setting, control speaker (24) warning well kick；Computer software judges the mud level height H in well head anti-overflow pipe (40) simultaneously, sends leakage when H is lower than setting value and reports to the police, and then sends well kick when H is higher than setting value and reports to the police；

In trip-out process, drilling rod (12) moves upward, and the kinestate of drilling rod (12) is transferred to computer by drilling rod motion state detection device (4)；Mud level in well head anti-overflow pipe (40) reduces；Mud level height H1 in well head anti-overflow pipe (40) is transferred to computer by differential pressure type liquid level sensor (3), laser or ultrasonic sensor (5), guided wave liquid level sensor (6) in real time, and pit shaft is carried out mending slurry and maintains liquid level in pit shaft inside and outside four-way in altitude range between valve (2) and outlet (14) by computer software control grouting pump (20)；When grouting pump (20) is in halted state, H1 is if there is downward trend, and computer software leakage can occur and send leakage warning in automatic decision down-hole；When H1 is if there is ascendant trend, there is well kick and sends well kick warning in computer software automatic decision down-hole；When the mud in well head flows through the external clamping effusion meter (38) and electromagnetic wave effusion meter (10) that are arranged on wellhead slurry outlet U-tube (42), data on flows is transferred to computer by the two effusion meter, and computer software carries out secondary warning well kick according to the size of flow value；

At lower brill or make up a joint in process, drilling rod (12) moves downward, and the kinestate of drilling rod (12) is transferred to computer by drilling rod motion state detection device (4), and the mud in pit shaft is discharged well head；Mud level height H2 in well head anti-overflow pipe (40) is transferred to computer by differential pressure type liquid level sensor (3), laser or ultrasonic sensor (5), guided wave liquid level sensor (6) in real time, the difference of computer software automatic decision H2 and setting value, and then realize leakage or well kick warning；When mud flows through the external clamping effusion meter (38) and electromagnetic wave effusion meter (10) that are arranged on wellhead slurry outlet U-tube (42) simultaneously, data on flows is transferred to computer by the two effusion meter, and computer software carries out secondary warning well kick or leakage according to the size of flow value。