CN105684284A - Battery compensation system using PWM - Google Patents

Battery compensation system using PWM Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105684284A
CN105684284A CN201480055014.1A CN201480055014A CN105684284A CN 105684284 A CN105684284 A CN 105684284A CN 201480055014 A CN201480055014 A CN 201480055014A CN 105684284 A CN105684284 A CN 105684284A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
battery
pwm
power
voltage
eyeshield
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201480055014.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杰克·C·科尼利厄斯
文森特·奥马利
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A Ba Meter Na Bo Laboratory Ltd
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A Ba Meter Na Bo Laboratory Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US14/046,969 external-priority patent/US9419520B2/en
Application filed by A Ba Meter Na Bo Laboratory Ltd filed Critical A Ba Meter Na Bo Laboratory Ltd
Publication of CN105684284A publication Critical patent/CN105684284A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/0006—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means to keep optical surfaces clean, e.g. by preventing or removing dirt, stains, contamination, condensation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C11/00—Non-optical adjuncts; Attachment thereof
    • G02C11/08—Anti-misting means, e.g. ventilating, heating; Wipers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
    • G06F13/382—Information transfer, e.g. on bus using universal interface adapter
    • G06F13/385—Information transfer, e.g. on bus using universal interface adapter for adaptation of a particular data processing system to different peripheral devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
    • G06F13/40—Bus structure
    • G06F13/4063—Device-to-bus coupling
    • G06F13/4068—Electrical coupling
    • G06F13/4081—Live connection to bus, e.g. hot-plugging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
    • H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/1563—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators without using an external clock
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H05B1/023—Industrial applications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0016—Control circuits providing compensation of output voltage deviations using feedforward of disturbance parameters
    • H02M1/0022—Control circuits providing compensation of output voltage deviations using feedforward of disturbance parameters the disturbance parameters being input voltage fluctuations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

Compensation system adapted for use with a battery-powered, PWM-driven portable electronic device to enable consistent power to the device load despite battery voltage drop resulting from battery depletion, comprising: a voltage divider circuit for proportionally adjusting the voltage to a measurable range; an analog-to-digital converter for receiving the output from the voltage divider and converting it into a digital voltage value; and a microprocessing unit for running software code steps for receiving digital voltage input and user-determined power setting input for determining a compensating duty cycle for application by the software to the PWM to drive the load consistently at the user-determined power setting despite decrease in battery voltage resulting from battery depletion.

Description

The battery utilizing PWM compensates system
Cross-reference to related applications
This application claims in the serial number submitted on October 6th, 2013 be 14/046,969, name be called the rights and interests of U.S. Patent application (hereinafter referred to as " priority application ") and the priority of BATTERYCOMPENSATIONSYSTEMUSINGPWM. This priority application be in the serial number submitted on February 16th, 2012 be 13/397,691, name be called PWMHEATINGSYSTEMFOREYESHIELD, on August 22nd, 2013 announce, publication No. be that the part of U.S. Patent application (hereinafter referred to as " mother's application ") of US-2013-0212765-A1 is follow-up. This mother application is also submitted is PCT/US2013/026 for serial number, and the PCT Patent application of 227, it is herein incorporated by reference.
Technical field
The present invention relates to the power of regulating cell to drive load, and particularly relate to and compensate owing in using, voltage consumes and the voltage of lithium ion battery that causes declines in time, power being continuously portable electric appts.
Background technology
Multiple product, from antifog sports goggles, diving mask and other highly portable clear anti-fog eye protection guard shields, to hand held GPS devices, radio, phone and other there is the portable electric appts of display unit, battery is used to power not only for these equipment, also for heating these equipment to prevent eyeshield or viewing screen from hazing. Although and some these equipment generally used lithium ion battery come for its power supply, but lithium ion battery be not in other respects it is well known that such as give heating mask power supply. But, as expectation, the benefit of lithium ion battery technology is used on more this equipment and thinks that they provide power, except the quantity of electric charge in use minimizing in time that the known problem of lithium ion battery is them, the output voltage that they provide in use also reduces in time.
The weight that the total feature of this portable set is them is enough light to be carried on the health of user, for instance wear on a user's head. The example of the sports goggles being prone to haze preparing to use between active stage in winter has included the protective eye lens for downhill skiing, cross-country skiing, snowboarding, snowmoblie, landslide basket (tubing), ice climbing etc., and passive movement enthusiast and its responsibility or action need they be in the snow of outside and neutralize other people of other severe cold weather conditions and be widely known by the people and extensively utilize. The example of diving mask being prone to haze has included the nose cup independent of breathing equipment and breathing equipment is integrated into the eyeshield of full-face mask thereon. The example of eye protection guard shield being prone to haze has included doctor or the worn face shield for the mouth preventing pathogenic bacteria from entering user or eyes of dentist or the transparent face mask part of motorcycle helmet. Weaken the total problem being to use this protective eye lens, diving mask and eye protection guard shield that hazes of vision.
The example of portable equipment includes hand-held GPS unit, radio, phone, armarium (EKG reader), reader, flat board, portable computer, terminal sale machine etc., and it needs continuous power to heat the display of this equipment to prevent display from hazing.
There is the multiple conduction device being designed as and preventing condensed water from assembling on the eyeshield and viewing screen of this portable equipment. The purpose of these conduction devices is to provide and can maintain the eyeshield avoiding condensation and viewing screen, and such user can enjoy unobstructed vision and viewing during viewing activity. Sports goggles in the past is used primarily in the hand-held electronic equipment with electronic system and requires in highly portable environment, namely for carrying the belt at protective eye lens or equipment itself easily for the power supply of the power electronic equipment of equipment, as be 61/563,738 at the serial number of the McCulloch of CO-PENDING, name is called shown in the U.S. Patent application of ModularAnti-fogGoggleSystem and describes. Although this battery-powered equipment, especially correct judgment in the use of power supply sum is needed by the firing equipment of a large amount of especially power of battery consumption, it is typically by an amp hr measurement, to keep power source life, the power circuit of this system provides the power of consistent level also to become critically important to equipment, even if the battery of this equipment in use increasingly exhausts in time. Thus, regulate flow to the magnitude of current of resistive element of equipment, the balancing battery quantity of electric charge depleted time the ability of voltage that declines also become it is desirable that.
Thus, although maximized battery life remains important goal, it is useful that the use of pulsewidth modulation in this case (PWM) has turned out, as being 13/397 at the serial number of CO-PENDING, 691, name is called described in the U.S. Patent application that PWMHeatingSystemforEyeShield, publication No. are US-2013-0212765-A1, but lithium ion battery exhausts the restriction exhausted with corresponding voltage and remains a problem. Thus, it has been recognized that having the enough available power of battery to implement heating operation part on protective eye lens or portable equipment, proper amount of additional available horsepower is useful to making power more as one man be supplied to equipment in the whole running down of battery cycle.
The protective eye lens of prior art or hand-held electronic equipment is not had to utilize their battery supply to provide consistent power to equipment, even if battery charge levels exhausts. The patent No. of Curcio is 4,868,929, name is called that the United States Patent (USP) of ElectricallyHeatedSkiGoggles includes the eyeshield with embedded resistive conductor, it is operationally connected to external power pack via switchgear, and described external power pack adapts in order to antifog purpose produces the heating of eyeshield. The patent No. of Welchel et al. is 7,648,234, name is called that EyewearWithHeatingElements's U.S. patents discloses use nichrome and thin-film heating element for heating mask, and discloses the use of control device for opening and closing the heating to eyeshield. Even if both not discussing the aforesaid quantity of electric charge to exhaust and utilize pwm circuit to provide more uniform to the power adjustments of power, saving and spread perception to equipment yet.
Having utilized the problem of the sports goggles that electronics heats is the non-uniform heat flux on the whole surface to eyeshield. Protective eye lens and protective eye lens eyeshield are with requiring to be maintained close to the position of wearer face and allowing nose and the irregularly shaped manufacture of safety (cutouts) at the extension edge for peripheral vision. Uniformly heating this irregularly shaped not yet accomplish in the prior art.
The existing equipment with irregularly shaped eyeshield is subject to the impact of focus, and uses this equipment exceedingly to make battery discharge in limited battery powered application. The reason that focus exists is owing on eyeshield, resistivity between the electrical connection of the resistive element diverse location on eyeshield is bigger or less, the local magnitude of current consumed so between terminal connects with more small distance is more, and the local magnitude of current consumed between terminal connects with bigger distance is less. Such as, terminal lens in resistance wiring application place on one side, there is the problem uniformly adding thermal lens, because the distance that wire must enter another terminal from a terminal row is bigger, comparing middle body traveling other electric wires more short-range through lens, its electric wire is through the bridge of the nose and below eyes. In order to overcome the situation of hazing, it is necessary to apply enough power to overcome the local water smoke between Termintion connection point with ultimate range so that side's superheated smaller, it correspondingly wastes power. Thus, this problem causes the limited utilization of heating protective eye lens eyeshield. Irregularly shaped due to eyeshield, these problems exist whether consider resistance wire application or resistive film application.
Thus, have been developed in providing the demand being preferably automatically adjusted variable power supply, described variable power supply can provide enough electric current to meet anti-fogging equipment or the demand of firing equipment for other reasons, simultaneously to load provide consistent power regardless of running down of battery and do not present above super required for too much power. There have been developed providing multiple power supplys to multiple heating element area to enable the protective eye lens eyeshield demand in the uniformly heating on whole eyeshield surface, simultaneously provide consistent power regardless of running down of battery to each region or load, but in each region or load place not to the excessive use of power or focus.
When you experience water smoke situation, open power to protective eye lens, and then turn off it when user suspects and is no longer necessary to, or do so is to provide desired heat or power to portable equipment, is not overcome water smoke or firing equipment or supply power to the effective means of equipment. This is because when the device is opened, be use full power and this be that the inefficiency of battery resource uses. Further, user really does not accurately know when to turn off it, so being that user guesses the preferably opportunity when being to turn off it at most. Further, when user participates in and be absorbed in activity on hand, it is generally not easy to the power having to be turned on or off heating mask or other portable equipments. The power that manual switch is applied on eyeshield or other portable equipments does not allow heat value in the middle of user setup, and it enough weakens to haze or heat and can keep battery life also. Further, prior art does not have the balanced heating of thin film or other resistive elements on eyeshield or handheld screen of disclosed known system, compensating to provide consistent power regardless of running down of battery, it can also provide the variable control of heating element heater on equipment simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
According to an aspect of the present invention; provide the anti-locking system of eyeshield condensed water; including: eyeshield; it adapts to the eyes of protection user and adapts to the space limited between the eyes and the eyeshield that surround user at least partly; pulse width modulator (PWM), in response to the switching device of pulse width modulator, the heating element heater on eyeshield; and the circuit of interconnection power, this pulse width modulator, switching device and heating element heater are for controlling the heating of eyeshield. Preferably, switching device includes mos field effect transistor.
The equipment in this respect of the present invention provides single PWM, the eyeshield anti-fogging equipment of single heating region, it enables effective heating of eyeshield or lens, so that battery life maximizes, because PWM can be preset to the output with the percentage ratio being opened to the closedown cycle, its by specific adjusted to adapt to the specific protective eye lens lens that power is applied to.
According to a further aspect in the invention; provide the anti-locking system of eyeshield condensed water; including erose eyeshield; it surface including being divided into separately multiple regions of heating that one or more size is easy to eyeshield is local, and described eyeshield adapts to the eyes of protection user and adapts to the space limited between the eyes and the eyeshield that surround user at least partly. This system farther includes power supply, multiple PWM, and each PWM is operably connected with power supply and multiple switching device, and each switching device is in response to corresponding PWM. According to this aspect of the invention, eyeshield having multiple heating element heater, each heating element heater extend to the correspondingly sized region of eyeshield and multiple circuit, each circuit is by a PWM and a corresponding switching device and a corresponding heating element heater interconnection. Each PWM produces for providing the magnitude of current to the dutycycle of corresponding heating element heater, in order to the output in each region of eyeshield is corresponding with the desired output power in this region of eyeshield.
Aspect according to the above-mentioned present invention; provide the anti-locking system of eyeshield condensed water; including eyeshield; it adapts to the eyes of protection user and adapts to the space limited between the eyes and the eyeshield that surround user at least partly; this eyeshield has the place, surface being divided into being heated at least one region of preferred temperature for the region being easy to eyeshield; power supply; at least one PWM; at least one heating element heater at least one region that the region being easy to eyeshield is heated or corresponding thereto, at least one heating element heater corresponding for PWM with at least one. In one embodiment, there is at least one circuit of interconnection power, at least one PWM and at least one the corresponding heating element heater for heating mask, wherein, at least one PWM controls electric current, the dew point of temperature to intended operating environment above to maintain at least one heating element area.
The multiple regional equipment of the present invention provides the resistive film heating system of the multiple PWM on eyeshield or lens surface, described eyeshield or lens surface were divided into a region, the such as region according to the irregular of lens He difformity part, such as it is directed across the bridge of the nose and compares directly before eyes, to enable the uniform heating in the region of difformity or size. Thus, for instance, this region may be used for being divided into lens multiple region, from a region to each of the similar place in next region for enabling heating more uniformly eyeshield. Or, on the contrary, this division may be used for allowing the specific heating in some place of eyeshield, for instance to ensure the suitable function of the electronic display portion of lens.
According to the another aspect of the present invention being based upon on multiple regions aspect of the present invention, PWM can be operated according to profile, on each region of such eyeshield the power of every square unit and power density can ensure that roughly equal and by region uniform distribution regardless of whether the size in each region. Or, alternately, the heating in region can independent regulation to create the desired certain profiles of specific eyeshield so that multiple predetermined weather conditions, various activities or eyeshield type, shape and size to be described.
Preferably, multiple PWM in this respect of the present invention include the pico computer that can simultaneously implement the multiple various internal PWM function corresponding with multiple PWM, and described pico computer has the multiple I/O ports for interconnecting internal PWM function and multiple circuit. Further, it is preferable that each of switching device according to this aspect of the invention includes mos field effect transistor (MOSFET).
According to a further aspect in the invention, whether comprise single region, single PWM equipment, or whether comprise multiple region, multiple PWM equipment, the anti-locking system of eyeshield condensed water is provided such as what sum up before, it farther includes regulating current device (CAM), it is operably connected to each PWM (being embodiment or the embodiment of multiple PWM of single PWM), for changing the dutycycle of power supply via each PWM, correspondingly change the magnitude of current being transported to each heating element heater.
The equipment in this respect of the present invention provides the CAM ability effectively managing the temperature of eyeshield lens, hazes effectively to stop under the minimum attention of user, and described temperature is just temperature on dew point temperature. Correspondingly, this allows to save power to enable longer battery life.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide the anti-locking system of eyeshield condensed water as previously described, it it is the embodiment of multiple region, multiple PWM, or the embodiment in single region, single PWM, this equipment farther includes the device for measuring environment temperature and relative humidity and for calculating the device of dew point. The present invention in this respect in be preferably operably connected with CAM (preferably further comprising MCU microcomputer unit) for the device calculating dew point, so when the temperature in the space that eyeshield limits drops to below dew point temperature threshold value, CAM increases power to circuit, and time more than the temperature ramp in the space that eyeshield limits to dew point temperature threshold value CAM reduction power to circuit. Thus, the present invention can feedback pulse to stratie, for instance film heating element heater, it is only sufficient to keep it just on dew point, with effectively and be automatically prevented from hazing and keeping battery life. Device for calculating dew point preferably includes MCU microcomputer unit, and it operationally senses device with temperature and relative humidity and is connected.
The anti-locking system of eyeshield condensed water in this respect of the present invention may further include relative humidity sensor and temperature sensor, and each sensor is all located in the space that eyeshield limits. Such system farther includes device, for instance MCU microcomputer unit, and it is operationally connected with relative humidity and temperature sensor, for periodically calculating dew point temperature. Further, at least one pulse width modulator is in response to being used for periodically calculating the device of dew point temperature, and to control at least one heating element heater, so at least one heating element heater maintains the temperature on dew point, to guarantee to prevent from hazing in time.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention the anti-locking system of eyeshield condensed water of the first two aspect, embodiment such as multiple regions about the present invention, may further include region profile logic, it enables from variable current regulatory mechanism to each region relative to the unidirectional adjustment affecting proportion adjustment in other regions. Thus, for the purpose heated throughout whole eyeshield uniform distribution, the invention provides the profile based on eyeshield and change the dutycycle multiple resistance areas for electric eye cover of coordination by regulating the power passing to each part. Further, the equipment in this respect of the present invention provides the profile of the automatization being included in antifog system, the expectation heating of such lens, no matter it is heat across the uniform of multiple regions across whole lens, or predetermined specific heating mode, or utilize the zones of different heating area of coverage of lens, can be maintained when regulating the heating power for lens manually or automatically.
According further to another aspect of the present invention, provide the anti-locking system of eyeshield condensed water as described above in the single region or multiple region of invention described above, and further according to the aspect before the present invention, including multiple predetermined data profile and select device accordingly, it enables the data profile selected according to user and controls each region of eyeshield.
The equipment in this respect of the present invention provides the selectable profile being included in eyeshield antifog system, and such user can rely on weather and level of activation situation or eyeshield feature used such as videograph, head-up display, global positioning system etc. to select suitable heating.
Each eyeshield disclosed herein adapts to the eyes of protection user in case eyes or the wind harmed one's eyes, chip, snow, rain, extreme temperature and key element can be injured. Each eyeshield also adapts to and forms and limit around eyes and at least part of encirclement above. Be transferred to the result in the space that eyeshield limits as health heating, this surround warm relative to the condition outside this encirclement and, and as the result perspired, the relative humidity that the condition outside comparing is higher is also experienced in this encirclement. When dropping to when the temperature of eyeshield below the temperature in eyeshield, will be formed in inside eyeshield at this temperature dew or condensed water, hazing of eyeshield occurs.
It is an object of the present invention to provide eyeshield antifog system, it effectively prevents eyeshield from hazing, regardless of whether weather conditions. It is a further object to provide eyeshield antifog system, it uses PWM keeping power and energy and battery life to be extended such mode. It is a further object to provide eyeshield antifog system, its power according to existing dew point condition or the heater that is adjusted on lens manually or automatically, when the temperature in eyeshield increases to the power of eyeshield lower than dew point temperature or when dropping to below dew point temperature, about reduce power when the temperature in eyeshield is on dew point temperature. It is a further object to provide eyeshield antifog system, it guarantees and simplifies when the weather changed and activity, by providing the profile of the heating of at least part of automatization eyeshield, reaches to adopt the clear use of the eyeshield of multiple different size and shape. Still it is a further object to provide at user option such profile. List above is not intended as the specific list of the purpose of the present invention; can there be other purposes that the present invention can be suitable for, that do not list, and the presence or absence of any such purpose herein all necessarily limits the spirit and scope of the present invention as limited further herein and claiming.
Any foregoing aspects of anti-locking system of eyeshield condensed water of the present invention can adapt to for heating antifog sports goggles or any protectiveness eyeshield, is such as used for skiing, internal basket, sled skiing, ice climbing, ski type motorbike, cycling, runs, works in patient, is in other medical science or test environment etc. Further, this system arbitrarily foregoing aspects of of the present invention can adapt to and be used in diving mask.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide the compensation system used together with adapting to the eyeshield or other portable electric appts driven with the battery of arbitrary aforementioned power supply, PWM, to enable the consistent power of supply arrangement load, although and the cell voltage caused by running down of battery reduces. Compensation system according to this aspect of the invention, including: bleeder circuit, it is for adjustment voltage in proportion to measurable scope; Analog-digital converter, for receiving from the output of potentiometer and converting thereof into digital voltage value; And for receiving the device of the power setting input that digital voltage input is determined with user, it is for determining for being applied to PWM to continue to drive the compensation dutycycle of load under the power setting determined user, although and the cell voltage caused by running down of battery reduces. Preferably, the bleeder circuit of embodiment according to this aspect of the invention, precision resistor including two series connection between positive pole and the negative pole of battery, for regulating voltage in proportion to measurable range, preferably having valvular bleeder circuit between two resistors, it adapts to the I/O pin being supplied on analog-digital converter by proportional voltage measuring value. Preferably, for the present invention in this respect and on the other hand, the power level that user determines or the power setting that provides includes by dialling, knob or button system are arranged is arranged, and it feeds back to user with the further selection enabling setting with some form of vision together with.
According to embodiments of the invention, it is provided that mode-changeover device, select battery saving mode or firm power output mode for user. Battery saving mode provides shutoff conversion for compensating system, and constant power-mode provides for compensation system and opens conversion. Although battery saving mode uses less power of battery than constant power-mode, enough powers of battery are had to use the time of constant power-mode for those, for a user do so be preferably as user determines under pattern thereafter power level that result can be made to bend desired result when with user with fully charged battery is consistent. Select the heat level of expectation required for many use hourages that life-span of the particular battery that battery saving mode or constant power-mode depend on available total battery charge levels, user experiences and user expect.
According to embodiments of the invention, battery compensates system adaptation in the portable electric appts powered at least one lithium ion battery, PWM drives. Such portable set can include antifog eyeshield, such as, for instance the helmet visors of ski goggle, diving mask, motorcycle or snowmoblie, or medical science or test observation window. Or alternately, such portable set can include hand-held GPS unit, hand-held radio equipment or cell phone.
According to embodiments of the invention, the compensation system of the present invention farther includes the mos field effect transistor switching device in response to pulse width modulator. Further, according to embodiments of the invention, the compensation system of the present invention farther includes regulating current device, is operably connected to pulse width modulator, for changing the dutycycle of power supply via pulse width modulator, correspondingly changes the magnitude of current being shipped for load.
According to embodiments of the invention, input to determine the device compensating dutycycle for receiving the power setting that voltage inputs and user determines, including microprocessing unit, software code is input and carried out for receiving the power setting that voltage inputs and user determines, to determine by the compensation dutycycle of software application to PWM, with constant drive load under the power setting that described user determines, reduce regardless of the cell voltage caused by running down of battery. This embodiment for the present invention, it is preferable that microprocessing unit is battery powered microprocessing unit. Those of ordinary skill in the art are it will be appreciated that the quick available microprocessing unit with airborne analog-digital commutator can be used for the present invention.
Still further, determine that compensating dutycycle can include declining according to power setting and running down of battery voltage organizing the data look-up table of PWM duty cycle numerical value, and the code steps for being run by microprocessor uses, to select to be applied to the compensation dutycycle of PWM, with constant drive load under the power setting determined user, the voltage regardless of the battery caused by running down of battery declines. Including look-up table the present invention this embodiment provides for general operation faster and Billy is easier to coding with floating-point computing method, however, it is to be appreciated that according to its true spirit and scope, any one can be used in realizing the present invention. Further, although convincingly, separate type logic circuit may be used for implementing the function of compensation system of the present invention, but is realized in being likely to prohibitively expensive and also effective unlike currently preferred software and tables of data locating function.
In alternative embodiment, software steps itself can be used for calculating and compensates dutycycle, and described compensation dutycycle is used for being applied to PWM, and with constant drive load under the power setting determined user, the voltage regardless of the battery caused by running down of battery declines. Formula in software implementation before being used in, for determining the compensation dutycycle of this embodiment of the present invention following (it is identical with the formula (being arranged by user's input power and measured voltage) for determining dutycycle numerical value in tables of data):
Compensation system according to this aspect of the invention enables and maintains that user selects and/or desired power setting, to drive the constant heating portable set of load, such as anti-fog goggles or hand-held GPS, radio or phone, regardless of the part depletion of device battery, as long as there being enough battery charges to export to the power maintaining system balance. Thus, when the voltage of battery is owing to using running down of battery to cause reduction in time, system is compensated by the dutycycle of the pwm driver of increase equipment.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide the alternate embodiment of compensation system, its adapt to power for battery, multichannel PWM drive portable electric appts in, described resistance equipment has the multiple loads corresponding with each PWM passage, adding to each load of equipment enabling firm power, the voltage regardless of the battery caused by running down of battery declines. Compensation system according to this aspect of the invention, including: bleeder circuit, for adjustment voltage in proportion to measurable range; Analog-digital converter, for receiving from the output of potentiometer and converting thereof into digital voltage value; And microprocessing unit, software code step for the power setting input that the digital voltage input run for receiving each load is determined with user, to determine by the software application compensation dutycycle to each PWM passage, with each corresponding load of constant drive under the power setting that described user determines, reduce regardless of the cell voltage caused by running down of battery.
Compensation system according to this aspect of the invention enables and compensates the battery supply exhausted, multichannel PWM system is used to maintain each (as long as the enough battery charge levels of its residue is with power supply unit) that firm power adds in multiple loads of portable set in time to adopt, such as by the antifog eyeshield of the multizone of system power supply, with each region of uniform heating mask to steady temperature. Alternately, such system according to this aspect of the invention can be used for providing constant heating, regardless of running down of battery in time, to heat the eyeshield of many heating element area, to prevent each region from hazing according to the customization heating profile being applied to eyeshield.
Thus, compensation system in this respect advantageously according to the present invention is specific, each of plurality of load includes the heating element area on eyeshield and each region corresponding with PWM passage for providing equal-wattage density to each heating element area, for the uniform heating of whole eyeshield. This embodiment uniformly heated of the present invention preferably further comprises the data look-up table of PWM duty cycle numerical value, it declines according to power setting and running down of battery voltage and organizes, and for being used by code steps, to select to be applied to the compensation dutycycle of each PWM, with each load of constant drive under the power setting determined user, the voltage regardless of the battery 1305 caused by running down of battery declines.
Further, preferably, compensation system according to this aspect of the invention is used for according to the customized profile being specific to provide constant heating, each of plurality of load includes the heating element area on eyeshield, and each region corresponding with PWM passage is for providing power density to each heating element area according to the customization of eyeshield is heated profile. The embodiment of this customization heating farther includes multiple data look-up table of PWM duty cycle numerical value, one data look-up table of each different capacity density is specified by customizing heating profile, each tables of data declines according to power setting and running down of battery voltage and is organized and used to select to be applied to the compensation dutycycle of each PWM by code steps, with each load of constant drive under corresponding power setting, reduce regardless of the cell voltage caused by running down of battery.
No matter each aspect of the present invention, be that single channel PWM drives, or multichannel PWM drive, and both provides the firm power load to portable electric appts, regardless of battery charge/in time in use or power drain or dissipation. Thus, the aspects of the invention provides constant feedback to user, and it is reinforced and supports that some power setting starting on the equipment that expectation selects from a series of power settings of such as 2 watts, 4 watts, 6 watts, 8 watts and 10 watts can effectively heat portable set with desired power level during the weather conditions expected.
The compensation system of the present invention, it it is no matter the single channel PWM embodiment of the present invention, or multichannel PWM embodiment, preferably further comprise the data look-up table of PWM duty cycle numerical value, it declines according to power setting and running down of battery voltage and organizes, and for being used by code steps, to select to be applied to the compensation dutycycle of PWM, with constant drive load under the power setting determined user, the voltage regardless of the battery 1305 caused by running down of battery declines.
The subject content of the present invention is highlighted in the summary part of this specification and is distinctly claimed. But, both the tissue of operation and method, together with its further advantage and object, it is possible to description below is best understood by together with the accompanying drawing enclosed by reference, wherein identical reference character relates to identical element.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The figure that Fig. 1 is the multiple signals of telecommunication sent from pulse width modulator (PWM) represents;
Fig. 2 is schematically showing of the front plan views of the irregularly shaped eyeshield on it with single region, stratie film heater;
Fig. 3 is schematically showing of the front plan views of the irregularly shaped eyeshield of the stratie film heater having on it and being divided into multiple region;
Fig. 4 is schematically showing of the front plan views of the irregularly shaped eyeshield of the stratie film heater having on it and being divided into multiple region;
Fig. 5 is single PWM according to aspects of the present invention, the schematically showing of single region eyeshield antifog system;
Fig. 6 is single PWM according to aspects of the present invention, the schematically showing of single region eyeshield antifog system;
Fig. 7 is schematically showing of another embodiment of single PWM according to aspects of the present invention, single region eyeshield antifog system;
Fig. 8 be single PWM according to a further aspect in the invention, the automatic eyeshield antifog system in single region or the schematically showing of another embodiment;
Fig. 9 is schematically showing of still another embodiment of multiple PWM according to a further aspect in the invention, multiple regions eyeshield antifog system;
Figure 10 is schematically showing of another embodiment of still multiple PWM of another aspect, the automatic eyeshield antifog system in multiple region according to the present invention;
Figure 11 is schematically showing of the embodiment of the pico computer control also including multiple PWM of charger, the automatic eyeshield antifog system in multiple region;
Figure 12 is the block diagram of the existing system for regulating the cell voltage exhausted in time in use;
Figure 13 is the block diagram that battery according to aspects of the present invention compensates the alternate embodiment of system;
Figure 14 is the flow chart of the software steps of the function for implementing battery compensation system according to the present invention;
Figure 15 is the sampling data table of the dutycycle of the battery compensation system that is applied to by PWM according to the present invention;
Figure 16 is the block diagram of the alternate embodiment of the battery compensation system adapting to multi load equipment; And
Figure 17 is another sampling data table of the dutycycle of the battery compensation system that is applied to by PWM according to the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Pulse width modulator
Pulse width modulator (PWM) is mostly used in electromotor velocity and controls in application for the speed changing motor. With reference to Fig. 1, PWM is characterized by the analogue signal or the digital signal that are generated by pulse width modulator, described pulse width modulator such as simulative generator, or digital logic device, it provides the dutycycle of change, its be increasing such as such as 10%, 20%, 30% and height to 90% or bigger percent, and increasingly less such as 90%, 80%, 30% and low to 10% or less percent, all these in FIG with numeral 1-9 illustrate. Dotted line 10 is for pointing out the wavelength of pwm signal, and dotted line 11 is used for pointing out the constant voltage amplitude under connection (height) condition and the constant voltage amplitude under (low) condition of disconnection. Thus, for instance, the pwm circuit connecting 12V battery is that 40% connection and 60% disconnects part, it will be said that, pwm signal represents the 12VPWM circuit that power is 40%. Thus, pwm circuit can use constant voltage source and uncomfortable economize on electricity pressure with 40% service meter of its maximal rate, or alternately with another percentage ratio of motor maximal rate, and this provides the effect providing brown by regulating the electric current being transported to motor. Pwm signal typically has a fixed frequency, that situation as illustrated in fig. 1, and they constant full voltages under full level or constant under low level does not have voltage typically, even if this is not indispensable.
Single region, single PWM embodiment
With reference to Fig. 2, it is provided that according to the part first embodiment of the present invention, adapt to surrounding part and there is on it eyeshield lens of resistance nesa coating heater block 202 in single region or the protective eye lens 200 of protectiveness around partially defined eyes of user. Along the top edge of film heater block 212, there is busbar (bus-bar) heating element heater 204 interconnected via wire 212 and power supply (not shown). Film heater block 202 can be made up of tin indium oxide (ITO) or other materials being designed as resistive element form, and described resistive element generates heat when being connected to circuit.
Relatively low edge along film heater block 202 provides relatively low busbar heating element heater 206 and it is via another root wire 214 and power interconnection. As typically having many eyeshields, such as with regard to winter sports protective eye lens, eyeshield lens 200 be have during use directly before eyes of user, the square of two looser same shapes, rectangle, circle or elliptic region 209,210 and narrower region 208 on user's bridge of the nose during use irregularly shaped. Due to the difformity of the lens 200 at each place in these regions, and because the region on the bridge of the nose is less than direct anteorbital region, the lens on the bridge of the nose will have hotter trend, because this region is by by less measurement resistance.
As it is shown in figure 5, provide the first embodiment of the present invention as single PWM, the antifog system 500 in single region according to the first aspect of the invention. System 500 includes for generating the constant single PWM502 than pwm signal 503, and switching device 504, it is preferable that all switch mosfets as shown in Figure 6 is placed on the heating element heater 202 on lens 200, and has the power supply 505 of positive pole 510 and negative pole 512. Aforesaid element interconnects in circuit via positive wire 212 and cathode conductor 214. Pwm signal 503 controls switching device 504, and switching device 504 controls to be applied to the power of heating element heater 202. Because not changing the device of the input voltage being applied to PWM502 in this embodiment in accordance with the invention, so PWM is set to be switched to the constant ratio of shutoff, it will allow to add at a constant temperature the heating element heater 202 in the single region on thermal lens 200. With reference to Fig. 6, illustrate the antifog system 600 in single PWM, single region, it battery supply 505 including there is positive pole 510 and negative pole 512, electric wire 212,214, PWM502 (it generates signal 503), eyeshield 200 and heating element heater 202, it is identical with system 500 except common switchgear switch mosfet 602 replacement. While it is preferred that present invention make use of switch mosfet, it is possible to use include other switching devices of relay, power transistor or other switches being currently known without deviating from the true scope of the present invention and spirit.
Regulating current device (CAM)
With reference now to Fig. 7, illustrate the antifog system 700 in single PWM, single region, it battery supply 505 including there is positive pole 510 and negative pole 512, electric wire 212,214, PWM502 (it generates signal 503), MOSFET602, eyeshield 200 and heating element heater 202, its except system 700 except farther including regulating current device (CAM) 702 identical with system 600. In this embodiment in accordance with the invention, CAM702 is shown as including potentiometer and having the device of internal reference voltage (vref), the minimum voltage available of internal reference voltage than battery is low and provides output voltage (input voltage of PWM), is based on certain voltage between the zero-sum reference voltage (vref) of potentiometric setting from the output voltage of CAM. Producing corresponding percent ON/OFF signal in response to CAM702, PWM502, it can change as the result of the output of CAM. In preferred system, utilize Digital Logic, as being further described below in conjunction with Figure 11, software control CAM in response to relatively big (MORE) (increases) button and in response to less (LESS) (reduction) button directly change PWM dutycycle and thus change be transported to the magnitude of current of heating element heater 202 and do not require medium voltage reference.
The output lead 704 of the output voltage of carrying CAM702 is operatively coupled between CAM and PWM502. Corresponding to and be proportional to the voltage amplitude entering PWM, the output voltage from CAM702 is converted to the signal with dutycycle by PWM502. Therefore the dutycycle of the output of PWM502 will change about the voltage from CAM702, so from CAM to PWM close to zero input voltage by cause PWM close to 0 percent duty cycle export/close to absolutely turn off dutycycle output. On the contrary, when voltage from CAM702 to PWM502 is close to maximum voltage (vref) of CAM, the shutoff dutycycle close to absolutely duty cycle output/close to 0 percent causing PWM is exported. Further, and therefore, each middle to the CAM702 between the minimum output voltage and maximum output voltage of PWM502 is arranged, and the middle percentage ratio causing PWM is connected/middle percentage ratio shutoff dutycycle output. Thus, CAM702 enables the output duty cycle of the change of PWM502.
As described further below, regulating current device such as CAM702 can also use together with the embodiment in multiple regions of the present invention shown in Fig. 9.
Calculation and automatization
With reference now to Fig. 8, illustrate single PWM, the antifog system 800 in single region, it power supply 505 including there is positive pole 510 and negative pole 512, electric wire 212, 214, PWM502 (it generates signal 503), MOSFET602, eyeshield or lens 200 and heating element heater 202, its system farther includes for calculating dew point (calculation device except system 800, or DPC) device 802 be preferably identical with system 700 beyond pico computer, and include temperature sensor 804 and relative humidity sensor 806 according to a further aspect in the invention, it is via advertiser 807, 809 may be operably coupled to DPC. enabling in this respect of the present invention is automatically adjusted CAM based on temperature sensor 804 and relative humidity sensor 806 from the input of the sensing environmental condition collection in the space limited near eyeshield 200, heating element heater 202 and between eyes of user.
As shown, DPC802 is operationally connected with CAM702 with the advertiser 805 sending electric current reduction signal via the electric signaling device 803 sending electric current increase signal, so when changes in environmental conditions in the space that eyeshield 200 limits, DPC sends signal to CAM, thus requires to regulate heating element heater 202 to system 800. When system 800 is started startup, the actual temperature that DPC802 calculates in dew point temperature the space that it limited with eyeshield 200 compares and therefore sends signal to CAM702. If the dew point temperature calculated by DPC802 is higher than the temperature in the space limited between eyeshield 200 and eyes of user, then send the logic in the DPC of signal to CAM700 and increase the voltage output being applied to PWM502, it correspondingly increases the dutycycle of PWM output, and it correspondingly increases the power being applied to heating element heater to improve the temperature in the space between eyeshield 200 and eyeshield and eyes of user. Thus, the sensing input of the system 800 of the calculating from temperature sensor 804, relative humidity sensor 806 and DPC802 subsequently all will not only reflect changes in environmental conditions, and reflect and improve, to the aforementioned of system 800, the variations in temperature that request causes. Carry out further regulating to system 800 via DPC802 in the following manner at a regular interval: when the temperature in the space that eyeshield 200 limits drops to below dew point temperature threshold value, system 800 increases the power being applied to heating element heater 202 via electric wire 212,214, and time more than the temperature ramp in the space that eyeshield 200 limits to dew point temperature threshold value, system reduces the power being applied to heating element heater via electric wire. Aforesaid operation can utilize the hysteresis between the enlarging state of system 800 and reduction state, is such as used on typical thermostat, avoids undesired quick switching.
Multiple regions, multiple PWM embodiment
With reference to Fig. 3; according to the present invention another, the part of the second embodiment; providing eyeshield lens or protectiveness protective eye lens 300, it adapts to and limits surrounding part and having region or the area of multiple resistive film heating element heater or parts 302,304,306 on it around eyes of user at least partly. Film heating element heater on the right eye of user 302 is connected to power supply (not shown) by the busbar 308 positioning and being connected electrically between film and the extreme wire 310 of guiding power supply along the top edge of film during use. In use only above the nose of user, the film heating element heater that is centrally located at eyeshield lens 300 304 be connected to power supply by the busbar 312 positioning and being connected electrically between film and the extreme wire 314 of guiding power supply along the top edge of film. Film heating element heater on unique subscriber left eye 306 is connected to power supply by the busbar 316 positioning and being connected electrically between film and the extreme wire 318 of guiding power supply along the top edge of film during use. The ground connection that membrane component is interconnected to power supply along the busbar 320 of each relatively low edge location of membrane component 302,304,306 is extreme.
As indicated, the surface area of membrane element 302,306 is bigger than the surface area of membrane element 304, the resistance of other membrane elements of resistance ratio of such membrane element 304 is little. Therefore, in order to have the uniform heating to whole lens 300, it should apply the electric current less than other membrane elements to membrane element 304. Or, alternately, the division between membrane element compares other one or more membrane elements of membrane element independent heating more or less by allowing.
With reference to Fig. 4, according to the second embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that eyeshield lens 400. Eyeshield lens 400 adapt to limit at least partly encirclement part before eyes of user and its on placed multiple (being shown as 24 in Fig. 4) resistance heating film area or region 402A-X. It will be appreciated that resistance heating film is segmented into than the greater or lesser region the illustrated true scope without deviating from the present invention and spirit. It is extreme that each resistive film region 402A-X is connected to power supply via wire and discrete busbar 404a-x. Along each resistive film region 402A-X compared with low edge location single busbar 406 by the earth terminal being each interconnected to power supply of the relatively low side of diaphragm area.
The resistive film region of the antifog system of the present invention is preferably with the inner surface at eyeshield 200,300,400 of the process deposits being called ion sputtering in polycarbonate lens, but spraying known in the art and additive method and material can be used without deviating from the true scope of the present invention and spirit. Busbar is deposited on lens 200,300,400 by punching press, bonding, or as conductive epoxy resin busbar, it may be used for polycarbonate substrate. As for diving mask, although additional resistance film and busbar can be utilized to the interior glass surface of face shield, it is preferred that alternatively these be applied to being in the interior polycarbonate substrate in face shield. It is known in the art by the method and system that resistance film heater and busbar are applied on multiple substrate. Each busbar and its corresponding resistive film region are overlapping in each marginal portion, and so they start to conduct from power supply by conductivity to power supply and by electricity as known in the art.
CAM and DPC in the embodiment in multiple regions
Greater number of resistive film region 302,304,306 in the embodiment in multiple regions of the present invention shown in Fig. 3, and the greater number of region 402A-X in the embodiment in alternately multiple regions of the present invention shown in Fig. 4, enable eyeshield 300 or alternately 400 heat more uniformly of a greater variety of shape and size, and require the greater number of pulse width modulator (PWM) in the eyeshield antifog system of correspondingly multiple regions as shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, multiple PWM or PWM passage. Thus, it will be appreciated that, although illustrate 3 passage PWM systems in figure 9 and in figure 10, but, less or more passage can be provided, by using suitable number of PWM passage to adapt to such multiple heating element area, to adapt to be likely to the stratie region of number.
As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, the embodiment in multiple regions of the present invention can use regulating current device (CAM), and as shown in Figure 10, calculation device (DPC) can also be incorporated in the embodiment in multiple regions of the present invention, to enable being automatically adjusted of each region as described above. As for CAM, as described further below, the single output voltage of CAM is controlled, by region profile, each input voltage that device (RPC) receives and is used for the multiple PWM being adjusted in that embodiment, to allow as described further below to regulate the electric current of selector change outflow PWM based on user or enable automatization. The DPC of the embodiment in multiple regions of the present invention plays the effect of the same way of the DPC in the embodiment in the single region of the present invention as described above.
Balanced profile and customized profile
With reference now to Fig. 9, illustrate multiple PWM, the antifog system 900 in multiple regions, it power supply 505' including there is positive pole 510' and negative pole 512', electric wire 212', 214', multichannel PWM502', it is shown as respectively at passage a, b and c generates signal 503a, 503b and 503c, CAM702', multiple MOSFET602', a MOSFET for each passage of multichannel PWM, eyeshield or lens 300 and heating element area 302, 304, 306, its system farther includes to be mainly used in different size and the difform resistance heating film region (302 that equilibrium is respectively delivered on eyeshield 300 or 400 except system 900, 304, 306, or alternately 402A-X) power region profile controller 902 beyond, identical with single PWM system described above.
Difform eyeshield lens 300,400 would be required to the shape of reflection lens and the corresponding region profile of its respective language, the electrical feature in so each region is weighted appropriately, in order to guarantee that the proper amount of power in each region is to keep it and other Region homogenizations. Thus region profile is associated with the whole shape of the shape in region (and the resistivity in region as a result) and protective eye lens. If changing the shape of lens, then need the different profiles of those lens.
The resistance of zoning
Each in region 302,304 and 306 has the all-in resistance (Rt) being computed, it is determined by the local formula of the type and this region that consider resistive coating used, wherein: Rt is the all-in resistance with this region of ohms, Ri is with the resistance of the resistance film per square inch of ohms, the width that H is the height in this region represented with inch and W is this region represented with inch. The available equation below of Rt calculates:
R t = R i * H W
For example, it is contemplated that region 302 and 306, given Ri is 10 ohm, and H is 3 inches, and W is 3 inches. The all-in resistance (Rt) in each region 302 and 306 may be calculated (10 × 3)/3, and it is equal to 10 ohm. Presently contemplating region 304, given Ri is 10 ohm, and H is 2 inches, and W is 1.6 inches, and the all-in resistance (Rt) in region 304 may be calculated (10 × 1.6)/2, and it is equal to 8 ohm. Thus, for given voltage, owing to the all-in resistance in region 304 is lower than the all-in resistance in region 302,306, so region 304 can consume bigger power than region 302 and 306, which results in the focus in region 304, be further characterized by as following.
The power density of zoning
Each region 302,304 and 306 has the power density (Pd) being computed, it is determined by the formula considering the active voltage (E) being applied to this region, the resistance ohms per square inch of resistance film, and the width in region (W) represents with inch. Pd can utilize equation below to calculate:
P d = E 2 R i * W 2
For example, it is contemplated that region 302 and 306, the operation voltage in given 10 volts of each region, Pd is equal to 102/(10×32), it is equal to 1.11 watts per square inch. Considering region 304, give the operation voltage of identical 10 volts, the Pd in region 304 is equal to 102/(10×22), it is equal to 2.5 watts per square inch. These calculating show, all regions give equal active voltage, and central area 304 will be hotter than perimeter 302 and 306.
Determine that region profile ratio controls
Given the focus on the aforementioned user's nose determined, the balanced proportion in region is desired. Such equalization request determines the suitable voltage level in region 304, and it is when supply area 302 and 30610 volts of voltage, it will thus provide the power level identical with region 302 and 306. In advance, according to formula,
(Pd identical with 302)
And solve the solution of E,
E = R i * W 2 * P d
And inserting known value, E is equal to
It is equal to 6.66 volts.
Therefore, based on width and the height of identical material used in region 302 and 306, producing equal power density, region 304 will need to be applied to the voltage of .666 times (or 66.6%) in region 302 and 306. This result is 6.66 by calculating the power density (Pd) in region 3042/(10×22), it is determined per square inch equal to 1.11 watts.
These result of calculation is returned and is applied to reference output voltage that produced by the CAM702' on passage a and c, that be respectively transmitted to region 302 and 306, compare the value being applied on passage a and c, also by needing, the reference output voltage on passage b is reduced 66.6%. For analog circuit, this ratio control can by use resistor network realize, as those of ordinary skill in the art understand. For digital implementation, this value can be taken out from tables of data and power level as a result can be computed and utilize pico computer or equivalent digital circuit to directly apply to PWM passage, as those of ordinary skill in the art be will be apparent from.
Region profile with shape or Region Matching
It will be understood, therefore, that when bigger region or multiple region receive the active voltage applied of 100%, smaller area should receive the active voltage applied of less percentage ratio in proportion, with the power density in balanced all regions. Although providing the particular example of the protective eye lens of given shape, but, it will be appreciated that difform lens area will need similar calculating and balanced profile to determine. Situation as the edge bent or erose region, it is determined that region area may call for applying known mathematical method and determines the region area for above-mentioned calculating.
Balanced and customization profile
The result in example above discloses balanced profile. More accurately, these results make the pro rata input voltage needing the analog or digital for the different size of block supply on specific protective eye lens submit to identical power density.
The profile switch of region customization and automatization
With reference to Figure 10, illustrate the antifog system 1000 in multiple PWM of the system of being similar to 900, multiple region, it power supply 505' including there is positive pole 510' and negative pole 512', electric wire 212', 214', multichannel PWM502', it illustrates and respectively generates signal PWM502', CAM702', multiple MOSFET602' on passage a, b and c, for a MOSFET of each passage of multichannel PWM, eyeshield or lens 300 and heating element area 302,304,306. System 1000 is different from system 900 part, in system 1000, RCP902 farther includes user optional region profile control switch 1002, it enables user and selects in balanced profile or some customized profile, for as described further below respectively to the customization power conveying of the different size on eyeshield 300 or 400 and difform resistance heating film region (302,304,306, or alternately 402A-X).
The profile of customization may be used for the pro rata input voltage enabling pre-determining to specific resistive film region or multiple region, this has been necessary to desired power density pattern, it allows one or more regions 302,304,306, or alternately 402A-X, in order to specifically expect that purpose becomes hotter than other regions or colder wittingly. CAM702' and DPC802' is together with sensor 804', 806', it is provided that the whole variabilities automatically being always as cold as between a directly-heated of each of region 302,304,306 or alternately 402A-X. The work of RPC902' is cognitive profile, to know according to whole adjustments are applied in proportion to each region how much power. Such as, for given calculation, according to specific predetermined profile, CAM702' could be arranged to the application of whole power or the dutycycle of 50%, and maximum region 302,304,306 (or alternately 402A-X) will be exported the adjustment of 50% and smaller area gives less output in proportion by RPC.
The example of customized profile can comprise the profile of slider, it may call for the more heat in side adding to protective eye lens lens to prevent from this side from hazing or to reduce this limit freezing, this side depends on jockey typically by which foot guides, or may call for increasing heating at the edge of protective eye lens to prevent from hazing or freezing as another example, the shape of specific lens or protective eye lens and configuration. Alternately, and, it is provided that the customization of special weather situation is arranged, such as rainy day, snow sky, fine day, or for the different depth of diving mask and water temperature etc. The profile of customization is at user option by customized profile switch 1002.
Multiple PWM shown in Figure 10, multiple region antifog system 1000 still further comprise the device (also referred to as calculation device or DPC) for calculating dew point 802', temperature sensor 804' and relative humidity sensor 806', it may be operably coupled to DPC via advertiser 807', 809', for automatic control system 1000. Except being used to provide for from the signal of DPC802' by CAM and RPC the control to multiple holding wire a, b, c of PWM502', DPC802' and sensor 804', 806' and DPC802 are for identical purpose with sensor 804,806 and play identical effect, and described DPC802 and sensor 804,806 are shown and described above together with the first embodiment of the present invention.
Be can be seen that by aforementioned, many aspects of the present invention, such as calculation, automatization and regulating current device can be used for the first embodiment of the present invention or the second embodiment, but RPC mainly adapts to the second embodiment of the present invention utilizing multiple region on eyeshield.
System survey
While it is preferred that, the PWM of one of them embodiment of the present invention, and the function being associated, such as calculation, profile are searched, variable current regulates machinery, switching device etc., preferably can complete with pico computer, these functions any can be implemented by other technologies, such as programmable logic array (PLA), state machine, analog circuit or other Digital Logic, without deviating from true scope and the spirit of the present invention.
With reference to Figure 11, it is provided that multiple passage PWM, multiple region the preferred embodiment of digital version of antifog system 1100. System 1100 includes power supply, such as rechargeable battery 1102, is turned on/off switch 1104, computer heating control switch 1106, profile selector 1108 and charger socket 1110. Charger socket 1110 can include mini USB charger socket or other charging systems being suitable for known in the art. System 1100 farther includes power level indicator for displaying device 1112, preferably include multiple LED being configured to bar chart, to indicate selected power level, and battery life indicator display 1114, preferably include multiple LED being configured to bar chart, to indicate remaining battery life. System 1100 farther includes eyeshield 1116, and it has and is placed in multiple thin-film heating element 1118,1120,1122 thereon. Eyeshield 1116 adapts at least part of ring of encirclement limited before eyes of user. Temperature sensor 1124 and relative humidity sensor 1126 are placed in the part ring of encirclement that eyeshield 1116 limits, to help to calculate dew point temperature.
Preferably, system 1100 farther includes low power microcontroller 1128, and it preferably further comprises some combination of the known RAM/ROM/FLASH memorizer 1130 of PWM logic, other FPGAs and microelectronic. Micro-computer controller 1128 may be operably coupled to battery charger 1132. Battery charger circuit 1132 is connected to battery charger socket 1110 and rechargeable battery 1102. Battery charger circuit 1132 primary responsibility maintains rechargeable battery 1102, including when being required and turn off, electric charge is routed to rechargeable battery from charger socket 1110, when they are fully charged and report cell grade to microcontroller 1128, charger and battery are disconnected. System 1100 farther includes battery life indicator display logic 1134, so when microcontroller 1128 receives battery level information from battery charger circuit as previously described, microcontroller can be asked according to user or other send signal to battery life indicator display logic. The signal received from microcontroller 1128 is converted to logic necessary to driving battery life indicator display 1114 by battery life indicator display logic 1134. Battery life indicator display logic 1134 can include latch, to keep up-to-date value over the display, makes pico computer avoid participating in other tasks.
System 1100 farther includes mask heater driver 1136, and it includes multiple driver channels 1138,1140,1142, and each passage is corresponding with thin-film heating element region or area respectively, such as region 1118,1120,1122. The prime responsibility of microcontroller 1128 is to maintain heater driver 1136 and relevant passage 1138,1140,1142 in optimum and preferably balanced level operations, to eliminate or to prevent from hazing and preserve battery life. Microcontroller 1128 can be operated by manual heating control model or automatic computer heating control pattern. Under manual heating control model, in response to the input from more or less heater switch 1106, microcontroller 1128 regulates, according to the predetermined profile in the memorizer 1130 being included in microcontroller, the power adding to mask heater driver 1136, and it controls the duty cycle signals on each individual PWM passage in the way of consistent with each size of heating element heater 1118,1120,1122, shape and resistivity being associated, to provide power density balanced.
When expecting that some other customized profile but not power density are balanced, in response to the input switching 1108 from profile selector, system 1100 may utilize customized profile, it also is stored in the memorizer 1130 of microcontroller, result is that the power density profile of customization is applied to heater driver 1136, and it causes that the desired of eyeshield 1116 is partially received the power bigger than another part.
System 1100 farther includes calculation device (DPC) 1144, and it calculates the dew point temperature from temperature sensor 1124 and relative humidity sensor 1126. During the automatic mode of the balanced heat level of system 1100, system is according to being regulated the heat adding to region by dew point computed for DPC1144. When system 1100 is initially activated, DPC1144 calculates dew point temperature and the actual temperature in its space limited with eyeshield 1116 is made comparisons, and sends signal to correspondingly microcontroller 1128. If dew point temperature, as computed by DPC1144, higher than the temperature in the space limited between eyeshield 1116 and eyes of user, then the logic in microcontroller sends signal to mask heater driver 1136, to increase the dutycycle of PWM passage according to being effectively improved between eyeshield 1116 and eyeshield and eyes of user the profile of the temperature in space. Thus, inputting to the sensing of DPC1144 from temperature sensor 1124, relative humidity sensor 1126 subsequently, and the calculating by microcontroller 1128, all can not only reflect the environmental aspect of change, also can reflect the variations in temperature improving request being derived from aforesaid system 1100. Via DPC1144, regulating further of system 1100 is carried out at the interval of rule as follows by microcontroller 1128: when dropping to below dew point temperature threshold value when the temperature in the space that eyeshield 1116 limits, system 1100 improves the power adding to heating element heater 1118,1120,1122 via PWM passage 1138,1140,1142, and time more than the temperature ramp in the space that eyeshield 1116 limits to dew point temperature threshold value, system reduces the power adding to heating element heater via PWM passage. Aforesaid operation can utilize hysteresis between the raising of system 1100 and reduction state, used by such as on typical thermostat, to avoid undesired rapid translating.
Under manually and automatically both operator schemes of system 1100, it is preferred that inform that user is applied to the power level of the heating element heater of system. When user can arrange power according to the visual feedback from power level display in intended level, this is particularly useful in a manual mode. In response to manually changing from more/less heater switch 1106, and/or automatically change at regular intervals, microcontroller 1128 is determined the current practice power level being supplied to heater driver 1136 and power level signal is sent to power level display logic 1146 from memorizer 1130, and the signal received from microcontroller 1128 is correspondingly converted to logic necessary to driving power level indicator for displaying device 1112 by it. Power level indicator for displaying logic 1146 can include latch, to keep up-to-date value over the display, makes pico computer avoid participating in other tasks.
Existing regulating and controlling voltage system
With reference now to Figure 12, block diagram exemplified with battery regulator control system, it is used for maintaining constant regular voltage to hand-held electronic equipment, such as cellular phone (representing with load 1235), it includes lithium ion battery 1205, positive electrical wire 1210, and it carries 3.7 to 3.2 volt DC voltages to voltage regulator 1225, as noted, this DC voltage in use exhausts in time along with battery discharge. Voltage regulator 1225 be set to according to illustrate via line 1230 supply rule, 3.0 volts of constant dcs be pressed onto load 1235. Only when from the desired output voltage of actual provision voltage ratio of battery slightly larger time, the voltage of the desired voltage level of typical voltage regulator supply. Thus, for instance, if desired output voltage is direct current 3.0 volts, cell voltage may require that it is at least 3.2 volt DC voltages, produces desired 3.0 volts of DC voltages for voltage regulator. The circuit electric wire 1220 of the negative terminal returning to battery 1205 completes, and system is 1240 place's ground connection. This system known necessary constant voltage of effectively work to providing cell phone is important.
The battery utilizing PWM compensates system
It is different from aforesaid battery regulator control system 1200 illustrated and described above, the battery utilizing PWM compensates system and is different in that, it does not maintain constant voltage until battery discharge, but change PWM duty cycle to maintain firm power to load, regardless of voltage decline, until battery discharge and be no longer able to maintain power level.
Thus, with reference now to Figure 13, illustrate that the battery utilizing pulse width modulator (PWM) 1340 compensates system 1300, it includes battery 1305, preferably lithium ion battery, it has the parallel electric wire 1380 of positive pole of guiding bleeder circuit 1310,1315, described bleeder circuit is for adjustment voltage in proportion to measurable range, analog-digital converter 1335, for receiving from the output of potentiometer and converting thereof into digital voltage value, microprocessing unit (MPU) 1330 and single channel pulse width modulator (PWM) 1340. Preferably, bleeder circuit 1310,1315 includes be connected in series two resistors 1310,1315 between positive pole and the negative pole of battery 1305, for regulating voltage in proportion to measurable range, preferably, bleeder circuit has valve (intersection point of the line being shown as between two resistors 1310,1315) between two resistors, and it adapts to the I/O pin being supplied on analog-digital converter 1335 by proportional voltage measurement. Preferably, the power level that user determines or the power setting that provides includes by dialling, knob or button system 1325 are arranged is arranged, it feeds back to user's (such as, Figure 16 three-dimensional 1612) with the further selection enabling and arranging together with some form of vision.
PWM1340 drives load 1345, and it represents the element of portable electric appts or portable electric appts, such as, for instance the heating element heater on antifog ski goggle, heating diving mask, heating medical science or technology eyeshield etc. Alternately, load 1345 can represent will by the heater on the pwm circuit of equipment and battery-driven portable electric appts, and portable electric appts is hand-held GPS unit, cell phone, radio, electronic plane, reader or other portable computers etc. such as. Power-level selector 1325 has more and less controller, for allowing user to select desired power apparatus, such as respectively with the power of such as 2 watts, 4 watts, 6 watts, 8 watts and 10 watt 1350,1355,1360,1365,1370 corresponding 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%, to drive dynamic electronic equipment (such as, anti-fog goggles) on heater (such as, the heating element heater 202 of Fig. 5). MPU1330 is for receiving voltage input and one of the some possible device of power setting input that user determines, for determining the compensation dutycycle 1350,1355,1360,1365,1370 being applied to PWM1340, with constant drive load under the power setting determined user, the voltage regardless of the battery 1305 caused by running down of battery declines.
Referring now also to Figure 14, MPU is able to carry out the software code step 1400 as shown in flow charts, to determine compensation dutycycle 1350,1355,1360,1365,1370, for by software application to PWM1340 with constant drive load 1345 under the power setting determined user, the voltage regardless of the battery 1305 caused by running down of battery declines. This embodiment for the present invention, it is preferable that MPU1330 is battery powered, and the quick available microprocessing unit with airborne analog-digital commutator 1335 can be used for the present invention.
For operating including in the software steps shown in 1405 places of the present invention, after 1405 places start, read cell voltage at 1410 places, in the user setup of 1415 place's readout power ranks, the cell voltage offset for PWM duty cycle is searched, to be applied to pwm circuit at 1425 places at 1420 places. Process terminates at 1430 places, and according to according to the needs maintaining compensated power during operating system of the present invention, frequently repeating step 1400. When portable electric appts 1345 (such as, the 200 of Fig. 5) is powered on, the compensation system of the present invention can be operated continuously, or it can with being turned on/off on-off control, with between battery saving mode and battery compensation model switch. As indicated by line 1430, as long as equipment of opening is powered and battery is fully charged and is capable of supply that under battery compensation model power necessary to power supply unit. Although battery compensation model can use less power of battery, but when the extra power of battery can be used for compensating the voltage decline caused by running down of battery, it is possible to overcome the mode of the power drop being otherwise associated by the battery 1305 being and exhaust to utilize the battery compensation model according to the present invention by increasing the dutycycle 1350,1355,1360,1365,1370 being applied to PWM1340.
Still further, as shown in Figure 14 and Figure 15, determine compensation dutycycle 1350, 1355, 1360, 1365, 1370 data look-up table 1500 that can include PWM duty cycle numerical value, it is according to power setting (the top watt at table 1500 illustrates) and running down of battery voltage decline (shown in the left-hand line of Figure 15) tissue, and the code steps 1410 for being run by microprocessor, 1415, 1420, 1425 use, to select to be applied to the compensation dutycycle of PWM, with constant drive load 1345 under the power setting determined user, voltage regardless of the battery 1305 caused by running down of battery declines. this embodiment of the present invention preferably includes and is stored in microprocessor memory (such as, the 1630 of Figure 16) in look-up table 1500, it controls usually used as real software data table, general operation faster and Billy is provided to be easier to coding with floating-point computing method, it is to be appreciated that, according to its true spirit and scope, any one can be used in realizing the present invention. further, although convincingly, separate type logic circuit may be used for implementing the function of compensation system of the present invention, but is realized in being likely to prohibitively expensive and also effective unlike currently preferred software and tables of data locating function.
Data look-up table 1500 shown in Figure 15 arranges (the top watt at table 1500 illustrates) and the real heater power of given cell voltage by user's heater rank and organizes, and the scope of described given cell voltage exhausts from 8.4 volts of DC voltages (assuming that two each be that the lithium ion battery of 3.7 volts of DC voltages is connected) and drops to 6.8 volts of DC voltages (shown in the left-hand line of table 1500). Thus, for instance, when battery 1305 is full power (namely exhausting but without battery charge), and user has selected for the general power of 2 watts, it is necessary to circulates at 11.3 and opens (from 100.0 global cycles). As shown in figure 15, when user specifies the wattage of bigger numeral, the numeral increase of dutycycle, and the electric charge that the dutycycle of the bigger numeral of needs is to exhaust more and more in balancing battery as shown. Thus, for instance, the dutycycle of 86.5 is (namely for every 100 cycle P WM power by conversion 86.5 circulation, or in other words, PWM controls the transmission of power, and to allow the power of 86.5 circulations in circulating 100 to add to load, or 86.5 open and 13.5 shutoffs). It is thus seen that when battery exhausts further and user have selected higher power level, the numeral increase of required dutycycle. Although exemplary tables of data 1500 is based on the system utilizing two each lithium ion battery series connection being 3.7 volts of DC voltages, but the present invention is not limited to two battery systems or multiple battery systems, and optionally can use the battery compensation system adopting monocell, adopting the tables of data of suitably adjustment or the present invention of calculating. Further, although dutycycle numeral is expressed as the integer with fractional part, but in actual PWM implementation, these numerals can be rounded to immediate integer.
In alternative embodiment, software steps 1410,1415,1420,1425 itself can be used for calculating the compensation dutycycle 1350,1355,1360,1365,1370 being applied to PWM1340, with constant drive load 1345 under the power setting determined user, the voltage regardless of the battery 1305 caused by running down of battery declines. The formula of the compensations dutycycle 1350,1355,1360,1365,1370 of this embodiment for determining the present invention used in table following (its be used for determining that in tables of data 1500, the formula of dutycycle numerical value is identical formula):
Enable according to the compensation system 1300 of the present invention and maintain that user selects and/or desired power setting, to drive the constant heating portable set of load 1345 (such as, the protective eye lens lens 200 of Fig. 5), such as anti-fog goggles or hand-held GPS, radio or phone, regardless of the part depletion of device battery 1305, as long as there being enough battery charges to export to the power maintaining system balance. Thus, when the voltage of battery 1305 is owing to using running down of battery to cause reduction in time, system 1300 is compensated by the dutycycle 1350,1355,1360,1365,1370 of the PWM1340 driver of increase equipment 1345.
With reference now to Figure 16, it is shown that adapt to and be preferably used in the compensation system 1600 heated in multiple equipment, multiple loads 1618,1620,1622 of the plurality of equipment such as portable electric appts 1616. Multiple loads 1618,1620,1622 represent the element of portable electric appts, portable electric appts, or multiple such equipment, such as antifog ski goggle, heating diving mask, heating element heater on heating medical science or technology eyeshield etc. Alternately, load 1345 can represent the element to be driven by the heater on the pwm circuit of equipment and battery-driven portable electric appts or other applicable PWM, and described portable electric appts is hand-held GPS unit, cell phone, radio, electronic plane, reader or other portable computers etc. such as. Exemplary compensation system 1600 includes power supply, such as rechargeable battery 1602, be turned on/off switch 1604, power level controls 1606 and charger socket 1610. Charger socket 1610 can include mini USB charger socket or other charging systems being suitable for known in the art. System 1600 farther includes power level indicator for displaying device 1612, preferably include multiple LED being configured to bar chart, to indicate selected power level, and battery life indicator display 1614, preferably include multiple LED being configured to bar chart, to indicate remaining battery life. System 1600 farther includes the portable electric appts 1616 illustrated with multiple loads 1618,1620,1622.
Preferably, system 1600 farther includes low power microcontroller 1628, and it preferably further comprises some combination of the known RAM/ROM/FLASH memorizer 1630 of PWM logic, other FPGAs and microelectronic. Micro-computer controller 1628 may be operably coupled to battery charger 1632. Battery charger circuit 1632 is connected to battery charger socket 1610 and rechargeable battery 1602. Battery charger circuit 1632 primary responsibility maintains rechargeable battery 1102, including when being required and turn off, electric charge is sent to rechargeable battery from charger socket 1610, when they are fully charged and report cell grade to microcontroller 1628, charger and battery are disconnected. System 1600 farther includes battery life indicator display logic 1634, so when microcontroller 1628 receives battery level information from battery charger circuit as previously described, microcontroller can be asked according to user or other send signal to battery life indicator display logic. The signal received from microcontroller 1628 is converted to logic necessary to driving battery life indicator display 1614 by battery life indicator display logic 1634. Battery life indicator display logic 1634 can include latch, to keep up-to-date value over the display, makes pico computer avoid participating in other tasks.
System 1600 farther includes driver 1636, and it includes multiple driver channels 1638,1640,1642, and each passage is corresponding with load respectively, such as load 1618,1620,1622. Preferably, the MOSFET of system 1600 is included in driver 1636. The prime responsibility of microcontroller 1628 is to maintain driver 1636 and relevant passage 1638,1640,1642 in optimum and preferably balanced level operations, and preserves battery life. In response to the input controlling 1606 from power level, microcontroller 1628 regulates, according to the predetermined profile in the memorizer 1630 being included in microcontroller, the power adding to device driver 1636, and it controls the duty cycle signals on each individual PWM passage in the way of consistent with each size of load 1618,1620,1622, shape and resistivity being associated, to provide power density balanced.
Expecting some other customized profile, when not being power density equilibrium, system 1600 may utilize customized profile, it also is stored in the memorizer 1630 of microcontroller, result is that the power level profile of customization is applied to driver 1636, and it causes that the desired of portable electric appts 1616 is partially received the power more greater or lesser than another part.
The system 1600 utilizing pulse width modulator (PWM) (being included in microcontroller 1628) includes bleeder circuit 1610, for regulating voltage in proportion to measurable range, and analog-digital converter (ADC) 1605, it is preferably included in microcontroller 1628, for receiving from the output of potentiometer and converting thereof into digital voltage value. Preferably, bleeder circuit 1610 includes be connected in series two precision resistors (as described in conjunction with Figure 13 above) between positive pole and the negative pole of battery or multiple battery 1602, for regulating voltage in proportion to measurable range, preferably, bleeder circuit has valve between two resistors, and it adapts to the I/O pin being supplied to by proportional voltage measuring value on the microcontroller comprising analog-digital converter 1605. Preferably, user determines or the power setting that provides includes by dialling, knob or button system (such as, 1606) power level arranged is arranged, and it feeds back to user (such as, 1612) with the further selection enabling and arranging together with some form of vision.
As a part for system 1600, it is preferred that user is apprised of the power level of the load elements being supplied to system. Thus, user can select desired power level according to the visual feedback from power level display 1612. In response to manually changing from power level control 1606, and/or automatically change at regular intervals, microcontroller 1628 is determined the current practice power level being supplied to 6 drivers 1636 and power level signal is sent to power level display logic 1646 from memorizer 1630, and the signal received from microcontroller 1628 is correspondingly converted to logic necessary to driving power level indicator for displaying device 1612 by it. Power level indicator for displaying logic 1646 can include latch, to keep up-to-date value over the display, makes pico computer avoid participating in other tasks.
With reference now to Figure 17, illustrate the alternative data look-up table 1700 in the memorizer 1630 being stored in microprocessor, such as when expectation adds to the equipment power fewer than full power, to allow the software of the dutycycle applied corresponding with the power level profile of customization to determine, for instance for each load of multiple unequally loadeds in portable electric appts. Data look-up table shown in Figure 17 arranges (the top watt at table 1700 illustrates) and the real heater power of given cell voltage by user's heater rank and organizes, and the scope of described given cell voltage exhausts from 8.4 volts of DC voltages (assuming that two each be that the lithium ion battery of 3.7 volts of DC voltages is connected) and drops to 6.8 volts of DC voltages (shown in the left-hand line of table 1700). Thus, for instance, when battery 1602 is full power (namely exhausting but without battery charge), and user has selected for the general power of 1.5 watts, it is necessary to open (from 100.0 global cycles) on 8.5 respectively circulation. From Figure 17 it can be seen that, when user specifies the wattage of bigger numeral, the numeral increase of dutycycle as shown, and need the dutycycle electric charge to exhaust more and more in balancing battery of bigger numeral. Thus, for instance, the dutycycle of 64.9 is (namely for every 100 cycle P WM power by conversion 64.9 circulation, or in other words, PWM controls the transmission of power, and to allow the power of 64.9 circulations in circulating 100 to add to load, or 64.9 open and 35.1 shutoffs). It is thus seen that when battery exhausts further and user have selected higher power level, the numeral increase of required dutycycle. Although exemplary tables of data 1700 is based on the system utilizing two each lithium ion battery series connection being 3.7 volts of DC voltages, but the present invention is not limited to two battery systems or multiple battery systems, and optionally can use the battery compensation system adopting monocell, adopting the tables of data of suitably adjustment or the present invention of calculating. Further, although dutycycle numeral is expressed as the integer with fractional part, but in actual PWM implementation, these numerals can be rounded to immediate integer.
Table 1700 can be a part for more comprehensive tables of data and be still within true scope and spirit, but think over, system 1600 will find out the power level input that cell voltage and user determine, and according to those inputs and determine suitable dutycycle with even power rank profile or the power level profile that alternately customizes, can be such as such as before the situation of eyeshield equipment of the eyeshield equipment of such as uniform heating described in conjunction with Figure 11 or customization heating.
Although illustrate and describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, however, it is possible to carry out many changing and modifications without deviating from present invention aspect the most widely, will be apparent to practitioners skilled in the art. Such as, it will be appreciated that those of ordinary skill in the art can mix and mate the different assemblies of multiple embodiments of the present invention without deviating from present invention true spirit required for protection. Thus, exemplarily, although it will be appreciated that system 1100 has disclosed the optimal way of the purpose of the present invention, but those of ordinary skill in the art are it will be appreciated that other combinations and/or the microcontroller of microcontroller may be used for its purpose without deviating from the true scope of the present invention and spirit. Therefore appended claims are intended to cover and fall into the true spirit of the present invention and all such of scope changes and modifications.

Claims (17)

1. compensate a system, adapt to power for battery, portable electric appts that PWM drives, add to the load of described equipment enabling firm power, decline regardless of the cell voltage caused by running down of battery, comprising:
Bleeder circuit, for regulating described voltage in proportion to measurable range;
Analog-digital converter, for receiving from the output of described potentiometer and converting thereof into digital voltage value; And
For receiving the power setting input that digital voltage inputs and user determines, to determine the device of the compensation dutycycle being applied to described PWM, with load described in constant drive under the power setting that described user determines, reduce regardless of the cell voltage caused by running down of battery.
2. compensate system as claimed in claim 1, farther include mode-changeover device, select battery saving mode or firm power output mode for user.
3. compensating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said system adaptation is in the portable electric appts powered for lithium ion battery, PWM drives.
4. compensating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said system adaptation is in the heating for antifog eyeshield.
5. compensate system as claimed in claim 1, wherein for receiving the software code step that the power setting input that voltage inputs and user determines farther includes to be performed by microprocessing unit with the described device determining compensation dutycycle.
6. compensate system as claimed in claim 5, farther include the data look-up table according to power setting and the PWM duty cycle numerical value of running down of battery voltage decline tissue, and used to select to be applied to the compensation dutycycle of described PWM by described code steps, with load described in constant drive under the power setting that described user determines, reduce regardless of the cell voltage caused by running down of battery.
7. compensate system as claimed in claim 5, farther include software steps, for calculating the compensation dutycycle being applied to described PWM, with load described in constant drive under the power setting that described user determines, reduce regardless of the cell voltage caused by running down of battery.
8. compensate system as claimed in claim 6, farther include the mos field effect transistor switching device in response to described pulse width modulator.
9. compensate system as claimed in claim 6, farther include regulating current device, it is operably connected to described pulse width modulator, for changing the dutycycle of described power supply via described pulse width modulator, correspondingly changes the amount of the described electric current passing to described load.
10. compensating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said system adaptation heats antifog eyeshield in being used for.
11. the system of compensation, its adapt to power for battery, portable electric appts that PWM drives, add to the load of described equipment enabling firm power, decline regardless of the cell voltage caused by running down of battery, comprising:
Bleeder circuit, be connected in series two precision resistors between its positive pole further including at described battery and negative pole, for regulating described voltage in proportion to measurable range, and having valve between said two resistor, it adapts to the I/O pin being supplied on analog-digital converter by described proportional voltage measuring value;
Analog-digital converter, for receiving from the described output of described potentiometer and converting thereof into digital voltage numerical value; And
Microprocessing unit, for running the software code step for receiving the power setting input that digital voltage input is determined with user, to determine by the compensation dutycycle of described software application to described PWM, with load described in constant drive under the power setting that described user determines, reduce regardless of the cell voltage caused by running down of battery.
12. compensate system as claimed in claim 11, farther include the data look-up table according to power setting and the PWM duty cycle numerical value of running down of battery voltage decline tissue, and used to select to be applied to the compensation dutycycle of described PWM by described code steps, with load described in constant drive under the power setting that described user determines, reduce regardless of the cell voltage caused by running down of battery.
13. compensate system as claimed in claim 11, farther include mode conversion device, select battery saving mode or firm power output mode for user.
14. compensate system as claimed in claim 11, wherein said system adaptation is in the portable electric appts powered for lithium ion battery, PWM drives.
15. one kind compensates system, its adapt to power for battery, multichannel PWM drives, have the portable electric appts of the multiple loads corresponding with each PWM passage, add to each described load of described equipment enabling firm power, decline regardless of the cell voltage caused by running down of battery, comprising:
Bleeder circuit, for regulating described voltage in proportion to measurable range;
Analog-digital converter, for receiving from the output of described potentiometer and converting thereof into digital voltage value; And
Microprocessing unit, software code step for the power setting input that the digital voltage input run for receiving each load is determined with user, to determine by the described software application compensation dutycycle to each PWM passage, with each corresponding load of constant drive under the power setting that described user determines, reduce regardless of the cell voltage caused by running down of battery.
16. compensate system as claimed in claim 15, each of wherein said multiple load includes the heating element area on eyeshield, and in order to whole eyeshield is uniformly heated, each corresponding PWM passage is for providing identical power density to each heating element area, and farther include the data look-up table according to power setting and the PWM duty cycle numerical value of running down of battery voltage decline tissue, and used to select to be applied to the compensation dutycycle of each PWM by described code steps, with each load of constant drive under the power setting that described user determines, reduce regardless of the cell voltage caused by running down of battery.
17. compensate system as claimed in claim 15, each of wherein said multiple load includes the heating element area on eyeshield, and according to the customization heating profile to described eyeshield, each corresponding PWM passage is used for providing power density to each heating element area, and farther include multiple data look-up table of PWM duty cycle numerical value, one data look-up table of each different capacity density is specified by described customization heating profile, each tables of data declines according to power setting and running down of battery voltage and is organized and used to select to be applied to the compensation dutycycle of each PWM by described code steps, with each load of constant drive under corresponding power setting, reduce regardless of the cell voltage caused by running down of battery.
CN201480055014.1A 2013-10-06 2014-10-03 Battery compensation system using PWM Pending CN105684284A (en)

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