CN105623632A - Acid soluble curing plugging agent - Google Patents
Acid soluble curing plugging agent Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105623632A CN105623632A CN201610136316.2A CN201610136316A CN105623632A CN 105623632 A CN105623632 A CN 105623632A CN 201610136316 A CN201610136316 A CN 201610136316A CN 105623632 A CN105623632 A CN 105623632A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- soluble
- plugging agent
- solidification plugging
- oil well
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/42—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells
- C09K8/426—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells for plugging
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/42—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells
- C09K8/46—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement
- C09K8/467—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement containing additives for specific purposes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an acid soluble curing plugging agent. The acid soluble curing plugging agent is prepared from, by mass, 30 wt%-60 wt% of G-level oil well cement, 20 wt%-50 wt% of acid soluble superfine calcium carbonate, 5 wt%-15 wt% of sepiolite, 5 wt%-10 wt% of calcium oxide and 10 wt%-20 wt% of diatomite, and the total mass percent of the raw materials is 100%. The acid soluble curing plugging agent can conduct curing plugging when leakage occurs in the drilling process, and acid soluble plugging releasing can be conducted during oil recovery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plugging agent, in particular to a kind of solidification plugging agent that can be acid-soluble, belong to plugging agent field of material technology.
Background technology
Leakage is problem common in drilling engineering, and leakage not only can expend rig time, and loss mud, and it would furthermore be possible to a series of complexcase such as bit freezing, blowout, well slough can be caused, even causes well to be scrapped, cause heavy economic losses. So in drilling process, running into leakage needs to block leakage channel, but when recovering the oil, it is necessary to passage is opened and is beneficial to recover the oil. This just needs stifled material temporarily, runs into leakage and can solidify leak stopping in drilling process, and de-plugging can be beneficial to the plugging agent that recovers the oil when recovering the oil.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of solidification plugging agent that can be acid-soluble, the acid-soluble height of the solidification plugging agent that this can be acid-soluble, cured strength height, it is to increase leak stopping success ratio.
In order to realize above-mentioned technical purpose, the present invention provides a kind of acid-soluble solidification plugging agent, taking the total mass of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent as 100%, the raw material composition of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent comprises: G level oil well cement 30wt%-60wt%, acid-soluble calcium carbonate superfine powder 20wt%-50wt%, sepiolite 5wt%-15wt%, calcium oxide 5wt%-10wt%, diatomite 10wt%-20wt%, wherein, the mass percent sum of each raw material composition of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent is 100%.
In acid-soluble solidification plugging agent provided by the invention, it may be preferred that the G level oil well cement of employing comprises middle sulfate resistance oil well cement or high sulfate resisting oil well cement.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the G level oil well cement of employing is manufactured by Sichuan limited-liability company of Jia Hua group.
In the present invention, described middle sulphate-resistant cement is the hydraulic cementing materials that opposing intermediate concentration sulfate ion corrodes, and described high sulfate resisting oil well cement is the hydraulic cementing materials that opposing higher concentration sulfate ion corrodes.
In acid-soluble solidification plugging agent provided by the invention, it may be preferred that the particle diameter of the acid-soluble calcium carbonate superfine powder of employing is 600 order-5000 orders.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the acid-soluble calcium carbonate superfine powder of employing is manufactured by Jiangxi Ke Te fine powder company limited.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the sepiolite of employing is manufactured by Lingshou County Long Chuan drilling leakage blockage material factory, and the calcium oxide of employing is manufactured along mineral products processing factory by Lingshou County is good.
In acid-soluble solidification plugging agent provided by the invention, it may be preferred that the particle diameter of the diatomite of employing is 100 order-500 orders.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the diatomite of employing is manufactured by city Lv Jiang flocculating aids company limited near a river.
In acid-soluble solidification plugging agent provided by the invention, preferably, taking the total mass of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent as 100%, the raw material composition of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent comprises: the middle sulfate resistance oil well cement of 40wt%, the 800 acid-soluble calcium carbonate superfine powders of order of 30wt%, the sepiolite of 10wt%, the calcium oxide of 5wt%, the 500 order diatomite of 15wt%.
In acid-soluble solidification plugging agent provided by the invention, preferably, taking the total mass of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent as 100%, the raw material composition of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent comprises: the high sulfate resisting oil well cement of 50wt%, the 600 acid-soluble calcium carbonate superfine powders of object of 30wt%, the sepiolite of 5wt%, the calcium oxide of 5wt%, the 100 object diatomite of 10wt%.
In acid-soluble solidification plugging agent provided by the invention, preferably, taking the total mass of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent as 100%, the raw material composition of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent comprises: the middle sulfate resistance oil well cement of 60wt%, the 5000 acid-soluble calcium carbonate superfine powders of object of 20wt%, the sepiolite of 5wt%, the calcium oxide of 5wt%, the 400 object diatomite of 10wt%.
In acid-soluble solidification plugging agent provided by the invention, preferably, taking the total mass of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent as 100%, the raw material composition of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent comprises: the high sulfate resisting oil well cement of 30wt%, the 3000 acid-soluble calcium carbonate superfine powders of object of 35wt%, the sepiolite of 7wt%, the calcium oxide of 8wt%, the 300 object diatomite of 20wt%.
In acid-soluble solidification plugging agent provided by the invention, preferably, taking the total mass of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent as 100%, the raw material composition of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent comprises: the high sulfate resisting oil well cement of 40wt%, the 1000 acid-soluble calcium carbonate superfine powders of object of 30wt%, the sepiolite of 15wt%, the calcium oxide of 5wt%, the 300 object diatomite of 10wt%.
In acid-soluble solidification plugging agent provided by the invention, it may be preferred that when this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent is used for leak stopping, this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent and water are made into the leak-stopping cement mortar that water cement ratio is 0.6.
The above-mentioned acid-soluble solidification plugging agent of the present invention prepares according to following step:
Take each raw material by proportioning, then each raw material is mixed, namely obtain acid-soluble solidification plugging agent.
Above-mentioned acid-soluble solidification plugging agent provided by the invention comprises following construction procedure when being used for leak stopping:
Acid-soluble solidification plugging agent and water are made into the leak-stopping cement mortar that water cement ratio is 0.6, and according to field condition, water cement ratio can be carried out suitable adjustment by those skilled in the art;
Determine that drill finish bar depth of setting is for leakage layer top or middle part, forbids descending to leak by drilling tool layer according to leakage situation;
Note leak-stopping cement mortar, accurately replaces leak-stopping cement mortar to requiring position, and rapidly drilling tool is played secure location, wait for peacefully or close and suppress pressure 2h-4h, complete leak-stopping technique.
The acid-soluble solidification plugging agent of the present invention runs into leakage in drilling process and can solidify leak stopping, and can the plugging agent of acid-soluble de-plugging when recovering the oil, compared with existing solidification plugging agent, acid-soluble height, acid-soluble ratio reaches more than 80%, compared with stifled property patching materials temporarily, owing to adding curable materials, cured strength is higher, it is to increase leak stopping success ratio.
Embodiment
In order to the technology feature to the present invention, object and useful effect have understanding clearly, the existing technical scheme to the present invention carries out following detailed explanation, but can not be interpreted as to the present invention can the restriction of practical range.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiments provide a kind of acid-soluble solidification plugging agent, taking the total mass of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent as 100%, the raw material composition of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent comprises: middle sulfate resistance oil well cement 40wt%, the 800 acid-soluble calcium carbonate superfine powder 30wt% of order, sepiolite 10wt%, calcium oxide 5wt%, 500 order diatomite 15wt%.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiments provide a kind of acid-soluble solidification plugging agent, taking the total mass of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent as 100%, the raw material composition of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent comprises: high sulfate resisting oil well cement 50wt%, the 600 acid-soluble calcium carbonate superfine powder 30wt% of object, sepiolite 5wt%, calcium oxide 5wt%, 100 object diatomite 10wt%.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiments provide a kind of acid-soluble solidification plugging agent, taking the total mass of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent as 100%, the raw material composition of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent comprises: middle sulfate resistance oil well cement 60wt%, the 5000 acid-soluble calcium carbonate superfine powder 20wt% of object, sepiolite 5wt%, calcium oxide 5wt%, 400 object diatomite 10wt%.
Embodiment 4
Present embodiments provide a kind of acid-soluble solidification plugging agent, taking the total mass of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent as 100%, the raw material composition of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent comprises: high sulfate resisting oil well cement 30wt%, the 3000 acid-soluble calcium carbonate superfine powder 35wt% of object, sepiolite 7wt%, calcium oxide 8wt%, 300 object diatomite 20wt%.
Embodiment 5
Present embodiments provide a kind of acid-soluble solidification plugging agent, taking the total mass of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent as 100%, the raw material composition of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent comprises: high sulfate resisting oil well cement 40wt%, the 1000 acid-soluble calcium carbonate superfine powder 30wt% of object, sepiolite 15wt%, calcium oxide 5wt%, 300 object diatomite 10wt%.
Embodiment 6
The acid-soluble solidification plugging agent of embodiment 1 to embodiment 5 has been carried out acid digestibility test by the present embodiment, specifically carries out according to following step:
It is diluted to the hydrochloric acid that concentration is 10%, as the acid solution of acid-soluble solidification plugging agent with concentrated hydrochloric acid;
By the acid-soluble solidification plugging agent of embodiment 1 to embodiment 5, joining respectively in beaker, the hydrochloric acid (10%) then adding mass ratio 8 times carries out acid-soluble experiment, and 2h filters and calculates acid-soluble ratio, and experimental result is in table 1.
Table 1 acid-soluble ratio measures
As can be seen from Table 1, the acid-soluble ratio of the acid-soluble solidification plugging agent of embodiment 1 to embodiment 5 all reaches more than 80%, meets the needs of acid-soluble de-plugging in construction process.
By the acid-soluble solidification plugging agent of embodiment in the Bin Nan oil field of Shengli Oil Field, the capable successful blocking construction of cloud transformation. Specific construction step: in mud tank, acid-soluble solidification plugging agent and water are made into the leak-stopping cement mortar that water cement ratio is 0.6; Determining that drill finish bar depth of setting is for leakage layer top according to leakage situation, note leak-stopping cement mortar, accurately replaces leak-stopping cement mortar to requiring position, and rapidly drilling tool is played secure location, wait for peacefully or close and suppress pressure 2h-4h, complete leak-stopping technique.
Rig-site utilization shows that the acid-soluble solidification plugging agent of the present invention has very strong shut-off capacity and bearing capacity, successfully solves a severe leakage difficult problem in operation process, shortens 3 days construction periods, reduces the construction total cost of 5%.
Claims (10)
1. an acid-soluble solidification plugging agent, it is characterized in that, taking the total mass of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent as 100%, the raw material composition of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent comprises: G level oil well cement 30wt%-60wt%, acid-soluble calcium carbonate superfine powder 20wt%-50wt%, sepiolite 5wt%-15wt%, calcium oxide 5wt%-10wt%, diatomite 10wt%-20wt%, wherein, the mass percent sum of each raw material composition of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent is 100%.
2. acid-soluble solidification plugging agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, described G level oil well cement comprises middle sulfate resistance oil well cement or high sulfate resisting oil well cement.
3. acid-soluble solidification plugging agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, the particle diameter of described acid-soluble calcium carbonate superfine powder is 600 order-5000 orders.
4. acid-soluble solidification plugging agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, the particle diameter of described diatomite is 100 order-500 orders.
5. acid-soluble solidification plugging agent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, taking the total mass of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent as 100%, the raw material composition of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent comprises: the middle sulfate resistance oil well cement of 40wt%, the 800 acid-soluble calcium carbonate superfine powders of order of 30wt%, the sepiolite of 10wt%, the calcium oxide of 5wt%, the 500 order diatomite of 15wt%.
6. acid-soluble solidification plugging agent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, taking the total mass of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent as 100%, the raw material composition of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent comprises: the high sulfate resisting oil well cement of 50wt%, the 600 acid-soluble calcium carbonate superfine powders of object of 30wt%, the sepiolite of 5wt%, the calcium oxide of 5wt%, the 100 object diatomite of 10wt%.
7. acid-soluble solidification plugging agent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, taking the total mass of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent as 100%, the raw material composition of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent comprises: the middle sulfate resistance oil well cement of 60wt%, the 5000 acid-soluble calcium carbonate superfine powders of object of 20wt%, the sepiolite of 5wt%, the calcium oxide of 5wt%, the 400 object diatomite of 10wt%.
8. acid-soluble solidification plugging agent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, taking the total mass of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent as 100%, the raw material composition of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent comprises: the high sulfate resisting oil well cement of 30wt%, the 3000 acid-soluble calcium carbonate superfine powders of object of 35wt%, the sepiolite of 7wt%, the calcium oxide of 8wt%, the 300 object diatomite of 20wt%.
9. acid-soluble solidification plugging agent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, taking the total mass of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent as 100%, the raw material composition of this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent comprises: the high sulfate resisting oil well cement of 40wt%, the 1000 acid-soluble calcium carbonate superfine powders of object of 30wt%, the sepiolite of 15wt%, the calcium oxide of 5wt%, the 300 object diatomite of 10wt%.
10. acid-soluble solidification plugging agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that, when this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent is used for leak stopping, this acid-soluble solidification plugging agent and water are made into the leak-stopping cement mortar that water cement ratio is 0.6.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610136316.2A CN105623632A (en) | 2016-03-10 | 2016-03-10 | Acid soluble curing plugging agent |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610136316.2A CN105623632A (en) | 2016-03-10 | 2016-03-10 | Acid soluble curing plugging agent |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105623632A true CN105623632A (en) | 2016-06-01 |
Family
ID=56038994
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610136316.2A Pending CN105623632A (en) | 2016-03-10 | 2016-03-10 | Acid soluble curing plugging agent |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105623632A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106336861A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-18 | 董晓 | Preparation method of novel plugging agent |
| CN107722955A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-02-23 | 克拉玛依市红都有限责任公司 | Outer seal stoppage agent of variable density pipe and preparation method thereof |
| CN109650788A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2019-04-19 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | A kind of drilling fluid gas-bearing reservoir plugging material |
| CN109796949A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-05-24 | 中国石油大学(华东) | GEL USED FOR PLUGGING WELL LOST CIRCULATION and preparation method resistant to high temperatures and application |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1280239A (en) * | 1999-07-12 | 2001-01-17 | 四川石油管理局川东钻探公司 | Strong binding acid soluble leak stopping agent |
| US20100273912A1 (en) * | 2007-05-10 | 2010-10-28 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Cement Compositions Comprising Latex and a Nano-Particle |
| CN102191024A (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2011-09-21 | 大庆石油管理局 | Curable leak-stopping agent |
| CN103509534A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2014-01-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Plugging agent for petroleum drilling |
| CN104119847A (en) * | 2014-08-05 | 2014-10-29 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Acid-soluble composite plugging agent and application thereof |
| CN104818006A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-08-05 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Pressure-bearing plugging agent and application thereof |
-
2016
- 2016-03-10 CN CN201610136316.2A patent/CN105623632A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1280239A (en) * | 1999-07-12 | 2001-01-17 | 四川石油管理局川东钻探公司 | Strong binding acid soluble leak stopping agent |
| US20100273912A1 (en) * | 2007-05-10 | 2010-10-28 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Cement Compositions Comprising Latex and a Nano-Particle |
| CN102191024A (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2011-09-21 | 大庆石油管理局 | Curable leak-stopping agent |
| CN103509534A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2014-01-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Plugging agent for petroleum drilling |
| CN104119847A (en) * | 2014-08-05 | 2014-10-29 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Acid-soluble composite plugging agent and application thereof |
| CN104818006A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-08-05 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Pressure-bearing plugging agent and application thereof |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106336861A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-18 | 董晓 | Preparation method of novel plugging agent |
| CN107722955A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-02-23 | 克拉玛依市红都有限责任公司 | Outer seal stoppage agent of variable density pipe and preparation method thereof |
| CN109650788A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2019-04-19 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | A kind of drilling fluid gas-bearing reservoir plugging material |
| CN109650788B (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2022-02-11 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Gas storage layer plugging material for drilling fluid |
| CN109796949A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-05-24 | 中国石油大学(华东) | GEL USED FOR PLUGGING WELL LOST CIRCULATION and preparation method resistant to high temperatures and application |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105623632A (en) | Acid soluble curing plugging agent | |
| CN111117579B (en) | Anti-collapse drilling fluid for coal seam and preparation method thereof | |
| KR101820435B1 (en) | Concrete repairing method using geopolymer reaction and zinc | |
| EP2561034B1 (en) | Use of csh suspensions in cementing wells | |
| CN101311243A (en) | Temporary blocking agent for hydrocarbon reservoir crack | |
| CN101698590B (en) | Repairing material for concrete and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102504780B (en) | Cement capable of resisting CO2 corrosion for well cementation | |
| CN105819798B (en) | A kind of quick setting and high strength sludge consolidating agent and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107382208B (en) | Quick-setting early strength mixed slurry | |
| CN103771776A (en) | Recycled micropowder concrete and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104176964A (en) | Concrete composite antiseptic | |
| CN102585788A (en) | Supersaturated sodium chloride cement slurry system for well cementation | |
| CN103553541B (en) | Pile bottom sediment curing agent | |
| CN107540336B (en) | Application of modified sulfur in improving compressive strength, corrosion resistance and/or permeation resistance of sulfur concrete and sulfur mortar | |
| CN105271852A (en) | Seawater erosion resistant sulphoaluminate cement | |
| CN106431153A (en) | Phosphoaluminate cement-based rapid repairing material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107721272B (en) | High-toughness, high-elastoplasticity and high-density cement slurry for well cementation | |
| CN104650790A (en) | Grouting material for reinforcing and strengthening concrete used underwater | |
| CN105776987A (en) | Energy-saving and environmental-protection soil solidifying agent | |
| CN115477519B (en) | High-impermeability shield tunnel synchronous grouting material, preparation and use methods | |
| CN100556979C (en) | A kind of self-cementing chemical leak-stopping agent for drilling and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102199419A (en) | Acid soluble cement | |
| US20140116946A1 (en) | Use of multivalent inorganic additives | |
| CN103524093B (en) | A kind of super high strength concrete | |
| CN103073260B (en) | Method for realizing resourceful treatment of construction waste by adopting solid curing agent technology |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20160601 |