CN105571750A - Distributed pressure sensing system - Google Patents
Distributed pressure sensing system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105571750A CN105571750A CN201610129747.6A CN201610129747A CN105571750A CN 105571750 A CN105571750 A CN 105571750A CN 201610129747 A CN201610129747 A CN 201610129747A CN 105571750 A CN105571750 A CN 105571750A
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- Prior art keywords
- polarization
- optical fiber
- fiber
- pressure sensor
- based system
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- Pending
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002902 bimodal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 102100022116 F-box only protein 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100024513 F-box only protein 6 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101000824158 Homo sapiens F-box only protein 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001052796 Homo sapiens F-box only protein 6 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012681 fiber drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002950 fibroblast Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000985 reflectance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
- G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/024—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with polarisation maintaining properties
Abstract
The invention relates to a distributed pressure sensing system, which comprises a tunable laser, a wavelength division/ time division signal demodulation instrument, a computer, a polarization-maintaining transmission fiber, a 45-degree polarizer, a polarization analyzer and a polarization-maintaining fiber coupler. The polarization-maintaining fiber coupler is connected with a high-birefringence optical fiber grating array. The high-birefringence optical fiber grating array is formed by engraving Bragg gratings into a high-birefringence optical fiber. The system is characterized in that the high-birefringence optical fiber comprises a fiber core and a wrapping layer; the fiber core is arranged in the center of the optical fiber; a pair of stress regions are symmetrically arranged at the two sides of the fiber core in the wrapping layer; and a pair of air holes are symmetrically arranged at the other two sides, staggered for 90 degrees with the stress regions, of the fiber core in the wrapping layer. Through double Bragg reflection peak polarization separation measurement, measurement of external pressure, bending and torsion is realized; the wavelength scanning precision is higher than 4 pm; the measured spatial resolution reaches 1 m; and the signal acquisition space range reaches 10 km.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of distributed pressure sensor-based system, belong to photoelectric sense technology field.
Technical background
Distributed pressure sensor-based system is made up of tunable laser, wavelength-division/time division signal (FBG) demodulator, computing machine, the inclined Transmission Fibers of guarantor, 45 ° of polarizers, analyzer, polarization-maintaining fiber coupler and high birefringence optical fiber grating array usually.High birefringence optical fiber is a kind of single-mode polarization maintaining fiber, and its main performance produces higher birefringence effect to eliminate the impact of external interference on incident light polarization state.This optical fiber is widely used in the field such as optical fibre device, Fibre Optical Sensor.According to the birefringent characteristic of high birefringence optical fiber, after writing Bragg grating in a fiber, the change of the optical grating reflection peak energy extraneous multiple parameter of reaction (as temperature, stress/strain, torsion), illustrates that high birefringence optical fiber is suitable for the measurement of many reference amounts.But common high birefringence optical fiber to external world pressure (environment static pressure) does not possess sensitivity characteristic.Therefore, the susceptibility of existing distributed pressure sensor-based system pressure to external world needs further to be improved.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is the distributed pressure sensor-based system that the deficiency existed for above-mentioned prior art provides a kind of pressure to external world, bending and torsion has higher sensitivity characteristic.
The technical scheme that the problem that the present invention is the above-mentioned proposition of solution adopts is:
Include tunable laser, wavelength-division/time division signal (FBG) demodulator, computing machine, protect inclined Transmission Fibers, 45 ° of polarizers, analyzer and polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, polarization-maintaining fiber coupler is connected with high birefringence optical fiber grating array, described high birefringence optical fiber grating array is formed by high birefringence optical fiber being carved into Bragg grating, it is characterized in that described high birefringence optical fiber comprises fibre core and covering, fibre core is positioned at the center of optical fiber, symmetrical stressed zone is provided with in the covering of fibre core both sides, symmetrical pore is provided with in fibre core and stressed zone are staggered the other both sides covering of 90 °.
By such scheme, described core diameter 2r is 3.5 μm ~ 9 μm, and fibre core refractive index contrast (refractive index relative to covering) Δ r is 0.3% ~ 0.7%; Described cladding diameter D is 80 μm ~ 400 μm, and covering is pure silicon dioxide glassy layer.
By such scheme, the numerical aperture NA of described optical fiber is 0.12 ~ 0.18, and mode field diameter is 4.6 μm ~ 10 μm.
By such scheme, described pore radial section is circular or oval, and the diameter of circular pore is 0.15D ~ 0.4D, the ratio a of oval pore minor axis and major axis
1/ b
1be 0.4 ~ 1.0, described pore inset spacing fiber optic hub is apart from d
1be 3 μm ~ 0.25D.
By such scheme, described fibre core radial section is circular or oval, and the minor axis of oval fibre core is 0.5 ~ 1.0 with the ratio a/b of major axis.
By such scheme, described stressed zone diameter 0.05D ~ 0.32D, stressed zone inset spacing fiber optic hub is apart from d
2equal 3 μm ~ 0.2D, stressed zone refractive index contrast Δ
sfor-0.1% ~-0.7%.
By such scheme, described fiber birefringence coefficient B value is equal to or greater than 1 × 10
-4, be preferably equal to or greater than 5 × 10
-4.
By such scheme, described optical fiber is carved with the equal or Bragg grating not etc. of spacing, forms grating array.
By such scheme, described wavelength-division/time division signal (FBG) demodulator controls tunable laser and scans light emission wavelength; Export light through 45 ° of polarizers, by the first polarization-maintaining fiber coupler by paramount for optical signal transmission double refraction optical-fiber grating array; Two-way polarization signal, by the first polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, the second polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, through analyzer, is inputted wavelength-division/time division signal (FBG) demodulator by array reflected signal; (FBG) demodulator reads signal by time domain, and the bireflection peak-to-peak signal integrating each grating outputs to computing machine.
By such scheme, the operation wavelength of described optical fiber is 850nm or 1310nm or 1550nm.
Feature of the present invention is: described optical fiber has comparatively high birefringence, after write grating, by the Mode Coupling in dual-polarization axle generation grating, produces bimodal reflection (as shown in Figure 3).
This reflection spectral line is coupled separately by two sub-polarization states that polarization state is mutually orthogonal, the reflection spectral line λ obtained
xxand λ
yycomposition.Due to birefringent existence, make the peak reflectance wavelength of two gratings no longer identical, its difference can be expressed as:
λ
xx-λ
yy＝2Λ(n
x-n
y)＝2BΛ
As can be seen here, the spacing of two peak reflectance wavelength directly depends on the size of fiber birefringence, thus just can the birefringence of direct measuring optical fiber by the Peak Separation that detects double refraction optical-fiber grating.
Owing to there being the existence of two pore in optical fiber structure of the present invention, make it have certain environment uniform pressure sensitivity characteristic, after grating is subject to external environment uniform pressure, the Bragg reflection peak-to-peak of dual-polarization pattern can occur apart from the phenomenon increased.Be below the test of certain this type of structured optical fiber presser sensor, P is extraneous uniform pressure, and Δ λ is Peak Separation, and B is double refractive inde:
Upper table data linear fit, as shown in Figure 4: the linearity is 0.9984, pressure sensitivity coefficient of the sensor 7.86pm/MPa.Demonstrate the pressure sensitivity of optical fiber.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: 1, by arranging the polarization maintaining optical fibre structure that corresponding pore formation pore combines with stressed zone in polarization maintaining optical fibre, make optical fiber both possess single mode transport and general high birefringence optical fiber characteristic, possess again higher birefringent characteristic and stronger ambient pressure sensitivity characteristic; 2, polarization maintaining optical fibre is arranged on distributed pressure sensor-based system, adopt time-division/wavelength-division multiplex technique carries out signal receiving.The optical grating reflection peak of double refraction optical-fiber grating array has two bragg reflection peak, and two bragg reflection peak separation to external world pressure, bending and torsion has sensitivity characteristic.Affect by ambient pressure, bending and torsion, two bragg reflection peak separation can change.Measured by two bragg reflection peaks polarization separation, realize the measurement of pressure, bending and torsion to external world; 3, distributed pressure sensor-based system can select one in 850nm, 1310nm or 1550nm tri-wave bands, and length scanning precision is higher than 4pm, and the spatial resolution of measurement reaches 1m, and signals collecting spatial dimension reaches 10km.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of the present invention's optical fiber embodiments.Fibre diameter and quartz glass covering 2 diameter are D, and airport 4 inset spacing fiber core 1 centre distance is d
1, inset spacing fiber optic hub distance in stressed zone 3 is d
2.
Fig. 2 is distributed pressure sensor-based system schematic diagram of the present invention.
For after write grating, there is the bimodal reflection of the Mode Coupling generation in grating at dual-polarization axle in Fig. 3.
Fig. 4 be the two stress optical fiber of two airport after write grating, grating dual-polarization axle reflection peak spacing, is subject to the linear response of ambient pressure impact.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 2, this system comprises tunable laser, wavelength-division/time division signal (FBG) demodulator, exports computing machine, protects inclined Transmission Fibers distributed pressure sensor-based system, 45 ° of polarizers, analyzer, polarization-maintaining fiber coupler and high birefringence optical fiber grating array.Wavelength-division/time division signal (FBG) demodulator controls tunable laser and scans light emission wavelength; Export light through 45 ° of polarizers, by the first polarization-maintaining fiber coupler C1 by paramount for optical signal transmission double refraction optical-fiber grating array; Two-way polarization signal, by the first polarization-maintaining fiber coupler C1, the second polarization-maintaining fiber coupler C2, through analyzer Px, Py, is inputted wavelength-division/time division signal (FBG) demodulator by array reflected signal; (FBG) demodulator reads signal by time domain, and the bireflection peak integrating each grating outputs to computing machine.The reflectance spectrum of certain grating of birefringence fiber as shown in Figure 3, visible two reflection peaks.(FBG) demodulator reads signal by time domain, can determine stop position.Measure the spacing of two reflection peaks of certain grating, environment static pressure can be measured.Fig. 4 is the curve that grating Peak Separation changes with environment static pressure.Two bragg reflection peaks polarization separation is measured, and with time-division/wavelength-division multiplex technique collection and analysis reflection peak signal realize distributed measurement; Change incident light polarization state, two or a peak in two bragg reflection peak can be detected.The reflection peak of all gratings can be detected; When changing incident light polarization state, the impact that in grating array, all optical grating reflection peaks are subject to can be detected.Distributed pressure sensor-based system can select one in 850nm, 1310nm or 1550nm tri-wave bands, and length scanning precision is higher than 4pm, and the spatial resolution of measurement reaches 1m, and signals collecting spatial dimension reaches 10km.
Described fibre profile structure is as shown in Figure 1: comprise fibre core 1 and covering 2, fibre core is positioned at the center of optical fiber, fibre core is made up of the quartz glass slightly just adulterated, namely in quartz glass, mix the components such as germanium, phosphorus, aluminium makes refractive index higher than the refractive index of pure silicon dioxide glass, core diameter 2r is 9 μm, and fibre core refractive index contrast (refractive index relative to covering) Δ r is 0.3% ~ 0.7%; Described cladding diameter D is 125 μm, and covering is pure silicon dioxide glassy layer.In the covering of fibre core both sides, be provided with symmetrical stressed zone 3, stressed zone is circular, and diameter is 40 μm, and stressed zone inset spacing fiber optic hub is apart from d
2be 6 μm, stressed zone doping B
2o
3glass region, makes stressed zone refractive index contrast Δ
sfor-0.2% ~-0.7%.; In fibre core and stressed zone are staggered the other both sides covering of 90 °, be provided with symmetrical pore 4, pore is circular pore, and diameter is 40 μm; Pore inset spacing fiber optic hub is apart from d
1it is 6 μm.Fiber numerical aperture NA is 0.13; Mode field diameter scope is 10 μm ± 0.5 μm.This fiber birefringence coefficient B value is 1 × 10
-4~ 5 × 10
-4; Pressure sensitivity coefficient of the sensor 0.5 ~ 6pm/MPa.Described optical fiber is carved with equal or Bragg grating FBG1, the FBG2 not etc. of spacing ... FBGn, forms grating array.Grating array preparation method: adopt 193nm laser in conjunction with phase-mask method, use linear light path, in low loss fiber drawing process, prepared by grating to the exposure of bare fibre monopulse, continuous exposure, on wire-drawer-tower living broadcast high-quality fiber grating and form array.Simple optical fiber writes grating continuously when drawing optical fibers fibroblast, solderless contact between adjacent gratings on optical fiber.The grating constant inscribing grating is identical.Grating array optical fiber uses pine cover armouring and nylon tow carry out coated and strengthen.
Claims (10)
1. a distributed pressure sensor-based system, include tunable laser, wavelength-division/time division signal (FBG) demodulator, computing machine, protect inclined Transmission Fibers, 45 ° of polarizers, analyzer and polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, polarization-maintaining fiber coupler is connected with high birefringence optical fiber grating array, described high birefringence optical fiber grating array is formed by high birefringence optical fiber being carved into Bragg grating, it is characterized in that described high birefringence optical fiber comprises fibre core and covering, fibre core is positioned at the center of optical fiber, symmetrical stressed zone is provided with in the covering of fibre core both sides, symmetrical pore is provided with in fibre core and stressed zone are staggered the other both sides covering of 90 °.
2. distributed pressure sensor-based system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described core diameter 2r is 3.5 μm ~ 9 μm, fibre core refractive index contrast Δ r is 0.3% ~ 0.7%; Described cladding diameter D is 80 μm ~ 400 μm, and covering is pure silicon dioxide glassy layer.
3. distributed pressure sensor-based system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that the numerical aperture NA of described optical fiber is 0.12 ~ 0.18, mode field diameter is 4.6 μm ~ 10 μm.
4. distributed pressure sensor-based system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described pore radial section is for circular or oval, the diameter of circular pore is 0.15D ~ 0.4D, the ratio a of oval pore minor axis and major axis
1/ b
1be 0.4 ~ 1.0, described pore inset spacing fiber optic hub is apart from d
1be 3 μm ~ 0.25D.
5. distributed pressure sensor-based system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described fibre core radial section is for circular or oval, the minor axis of oval fibre core is 0.5 ~ 1.0 with the ratio a/b of major axis.
6. distributed pressure sensor-based system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that described stressed zone diameter 0.05D ~ 0.32D, and stressed zone inset spacing fiber optic hub is apart from d
2equal 3 μm ~ 0.2D, stressed zone refractive index contrast Δ
sfor-0.1% ~-0.7%.
7. distributed pressure sensor-based system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that described fiber birefringence coefficient B value is equal to or greater than 5 × 10
-4.
8. distributed pressure sensor-based system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that described optical fiber being carved with spacing Bragg grating that is equal or that do not wait, formation grating array.
9. distributed pressure sensor-based system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that described wavelength-division/time division signal (FBG) demodulator controls tunable laser and scans light emission wavelength; Export light through 45 ° of polarizers, by the first polarization-maintaining fiber coupler by paramount for optical signal transmission double refraction optical-fiber grating array; Two-way polarization signal, by the first polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, the second polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, through analyzer, is inputted wavelength-division/time division signal (FBG) demodulator by array reflected signal; (FBG) demodulator reads signal by time domain, and the bireflection peak-to-peak signal integrating each grating outputs to computing machine.
10. distributed pressure sensor-based system as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that length scanning precision is higher than 4pm, the spatial resolution of measurement reaches 1m, and signals collecting spatial dimension reaches 10km.
Priority Applications (1)
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610129747.6A CN105571750A (en) | 2016-03-08 | 2016-03-08 | Distributed pressure sensing system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610129747.6A CN105571750A (en) | 2016-03-08 | 2016-03-08 | Distributed pressure sensing system |
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| CN105571750A true CN105571750A (en) | 2016-05-11 |
Family
ID=55882139
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| CN201610129747.6A Pending CN105571750A (en) | 2016-03-08 | 2016-03-08 | Distributed pressure sensing system |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107014529A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-08-04 | 苏州至禅光纤传感技术有限公司 | Pressure sensor and pressure sensor device based on heterogeneous optical fiber |
| CN108732679A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-11-02 | 湖北科技学院 | Optical fiber structure |
| CN109238535A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-01-18 | 深圳大学 | Multi-core optical fiber pressure sensor, sensor-based system and transducer production method |
| CN109632075A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-04-16 | 武汉理工大学 | Vibration monitor system and method based on double optical fiber grating array |
| CN109724734A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-05-07 | 杭州瑞必莅机器人科技有限公司 | A kind of Unidirectional force measurement device for eliminating coupling |
| CN113138044A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-20 | 东北大学 | Micro optical fiber polarization coupler for vector stress monitoring |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109724734A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-05-07 | 杭州瑞必莅机器人科技有限公司 | A kind of Unidirectional force measurement device for eliminating coupling |
| CN109724734B (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2023-10-03 | 杭州瑞必莅机器人科技有限公司 | One-way force measuring device capable of eliminating coupling |
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| CN109632075B (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2020-11-24 | 武汉理工大学 | Vibration monitoring system and method based on double fiber bragg grating arrays |
| CN113138044A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-20 | 东北大学 | Micro optical fiber polarization coupler for vector stress monitoring |
| CN113138044B (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2022-02-18 | 东北大学 | Micro optical fiber polarization coupler for vector stress monitoring |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
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Application publication date: 20160511 |