CN105516142A - Mutual communication method in smart power system - Google Patents
Mutual communication method in smart power system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105516142A CN105516142A CN201510907536.6A CN201510907536A CN105516142A CN 105516142 A CN105516142 A CN 105516142A CN 201510907536 A CN201510907536 A CN 201510907536A CN 105516142 A CN105516142 A CN 105516142A
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- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 18
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Classifications
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- H02J13/0013—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
- H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
- H04B3/542—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines the information being in digital form
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/08—Protocols for interworking; Protocol conversion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/121—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/124—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wired telecommunication networks or data transmission busses
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- Signal Processing (AREA)
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- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mutual communication method in a smart power system, wherein the protocol conversion is implemented through the steps of connecting with a mainframe operating a virtual concentrator by the Ethernet through an Ethernet interface, receiving and processing an Ethernet meter reading message issued by the virtual concentrator, sending out the message stipulated by DL645 through a 485 bus, and sending back according to an Ethernet meter reading protocol. A power line network system comprises a main node and a plurality of sub-nodes, wherein the main node is interactively connected with each sub-node by a power line. The main node is interactively connected with an upper computer application platform terminal through a RS232 interface. The plurality of sub-nodes are respectively interactively connected with a field application device through a RS485 interface. According to the power line network system and the protocol conversion and communication method thereof provided by the invention, deficiencies in the prior art can be solved, the data transmitting-receiving speed of each node of the power line network system is improved, the timeliness of data message transmission in a PLC network is ensured, and thereby the application of the PLC network is more flexible and reliable.
Description
The application is application number is 2015109012850, and the applying date is on December 9th, 2015, and name is called the divisional application of protocol conversion in a kind of smart electric grid system and the means of communication mutually thereof.
Technical field
The invention belongs to intelligent power grid technology field, be specifically related to the mutual means of communication in a kind of smart electric grid system.
Background technology
Along with the progress of science and technology, the construction of intelligent grid day by day deeply comprehensively launches, and intelligent communication technology is the key of intelligent grid application.Power line carrier communication mode is transmission medium because of it with power line network, has the advantages such as channel reliability is high, survivability strong, small investment, in intelligent grid construction, plays irreplaceable effect.Along with the proposition of the strong intelligent grid of nation-building and electric power Internet of Things concept, the present low speed carrier wave based on FSK and PSK and S-FSK modulating mode cannot meet the requirement utilizing carrier wave to carry out large-scale network-estabilishing and high speed transmission data.Therefore, high speed power line ZAP based on OFDM technology is rapidly developed, OFDM power line carrier technology has the advantages such as antidamping ability is strong, frequency efficiency is high, anti-ISI ability is strong, and the associated specifications formulated based on this technology has at present realized the message transmission rate higher than 100kbps.
But along with the significantly lifting of power line carrier speed, some technical disadvantages coordinating low speed carrier wave to use also come out gradually, and its subject matter has before:
1, during low speed carrier transmission data, Carrier Node module transceiving data generally adopts serial ports to interrupt by byte mode, and timeliness is not high, time delay is very large.The speed transmitted on power line due to data is also very low, not clearly the time that the time delay of data transmit-receive is transmitted relative to data on power line, application general logarithm simultaneously reportedly defeated rate request is not very high, and therefore this technical disadvantages is little on carrier wave use impact in the application.But along with the development of power line carrier technology, the speed of carrier transmission data significantly promotes, and its application scenario also constantly expands, and the requirement of related application to data transmission bauds is also more and more tighter.If Carrier Node is still according to mode transceiving data before, the time delays that frame data receive the stage at node will exceed its actual transmissions time on power line, seriously hinders promoting the use of of high speed power line ZAP.
2, Carrier Node module is when receiving application layer protocol frame, is all generally carry out forwarding operation again after harvesting a whole frame.This is little to message transmissions rate when application layer protocol frame message length is shorter, but when application layer protocol message length is longer, after nodes etc. all receive, due to power line limiting the carrier frame length of transmission, also need segment transmissions, the feature that after this reception, segmentation sends again makes ageing natively not high carrier communication speed slower.
3, the networking of general PLC network is carried out in the application of transfer of data, and application protocol compares fixed single, underaction.When the application protocol transmitted in networking changes, in network, each node needs again programming code to support the parsing to new opplication agreement.
And metering automation ammeter data is copied in the middle of the traditional solution that uses of collection operation system in the middle of the electrical network of current operation, main flow be adopt pure 485 means of communications to realize ammeter data copy collection.For adapting to the accuracy of long distance transmit requirement and data, general implement only to adopt when installing 1200 such low rates to realize electric meters collecting at the scene, add that 485 buses can only support the communication modes of question-response, cause the inefficiency of metering automation electric meters collecting business.
In order to support concentrator virtualization solution newly developed, means of communication mainly adopts ether mode to realize communication and networking, in order to complete the conversion of ether electric meters collecting agreement to standard 485 agreement (DL645), and then need to develop a kind of novel ammeter front end units, exist as primary communications networking node, be connected on one or several ammeter, use two-forty to carry out communication.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the object of the invention is to solve deficiency of the prior art, provides a kind of electric network system based on DMA and the means of communication thereof.Method for converting protocol, this power line network system and the means of communication thereof can solve deficiency of the prior art, improve the speed of each node transceiving data of power line network system, in guarantee PLC networking, data-message transmission is ageing, makes PLC networking application more flexibly, reliably.
Technical scheme: the method for converting protocol in a kind of smart electric grid system of the present invention, comprises the steps:
(1) by ether interface through Ethernet with run the main frame of virtual concentrator and connect, after device power initiatively and set up between main frame and maintain the long interface channel of TCP, wait-receiving mode sends over ether from main frame and to check meter the message of agreement;
(2) receive and process the ether sent from virtual concentrator and to check meter message, explaining the implication that its message is corresponding, expansion parameter also becomes the message of DL645 stipulations by contrasting protocol conversion;
(3) message of DL645 stipulations is sent by 485 buses, realize the communication of question-response mode between ammeter; The response of ammeter in 485 buses is monitored, simultaneously calculated response time-out after sending message;
(4) after receiving the DL645 message beamed back from ammeter, parametric evolving in the middle of it is extracted, assembling according to ether agreement of checking meter, to go back by sending with the long interface channel of the joining TCP of the main frame of virtual concentrator.
Further:
1) in the middle of whole protocol translation and communication process, the sequence number of the response message of main frame is sent it back, should to issue the sequence number of order of checking meter identical with main frame;
2) many of being simultaneously sent on protocol conversion device check meter order, queue up, then process successively according to the precedence arrived;
3) two-forty of 115200 is used to carry out communication.
Further, this smart electric grid system comprises:
DP83848 mixed-media network modules mixed-media, for connecting Ethernet, carries out the process of packet message exchange process, receives and sends Ethernet data;
Instruction queue module, for after receiving many meter reading instruction issuing of virtual concentrator, adopts the mode of first in first out to queue up, processes one by one successively when waiting the equipment free time;
DL645 decoding modular converter, the ether for being sended over by virtual concentrator is checked meter protocol command, translates into the DL645 protocol massages that 485 ammeters can receive and process;
Data decoding packetization module, for resolving, 485 ammeters return, and by the message content of DL645 protocol encapsulation, therefrom extract data and packed according to ether protocol format of checking meter;
485 responses accept module, and for controlling the response data of 485 buses receptions from ammeter, the interactive mode in strict accordance with question-response controls to receive flow performing;
485 module SP3485, for control connection 485 bus, data are sent in 485 buses by support equipment, and the miscellaneous equipment monitored in 485 buses sends request, and receives data from 485 buses;
Cpu chip, for controlling the overall operation of whole equipment, performs complex mathematical calculating process;
Described each module connects respectively by system bus, the described external Ethernet of DP83848 mixed-media network modules mixed-media, external 485 ammeters of 485 module SP3485; The logic that described conversion equipment signal transmits accepts module and 485 module SP3485 through described DP83848 mixed-media network modules mixed-media, instruction queue module, DL645 decoding modular converter, data decoding packetization module, 485 responses successively.
Further, described equipment one end is by being connected with concentrator virtualized host in the middle of Ethernet interface access network based on ethernet, uplink port ether mode is implemented to connecting between concentrator virtualized host, communications protocol adopts the senior metering agreement of custom-made, realizes multi-thread concurrent and checks meter; The other end of equipment then has 485 interfaces, connects one or several ammeter by 485 buses.
The invention also discloses the mutual means of communication in a kind of smart electric grid system, comprise the steps:
(1) electric network system initialization, the parameter of host node, child node and each the on-the-spot application apparatus under being connected to child node is configured, and length d, the down trigger conditions and data message fragment restriction length L of DMA transmitting-receiving buffering area are arranged;
In system initialisation phase, the parameter of configuration is needed to comprise protocol type, host node address, child node address and the address of each on-the-spot application apparatus under being connected to child node;
(2) adopt DMA data transmission technology transceiving data, and receive and dispatch the down trigger condition of buffering area according to DMA, the digital independent in DMA buffer area is pending to fixing reception data buffer area;
The down trigger condition that described DMA receives and dispatches buffering area comprises two, and the first down trigger condition is: when receiving the half that data length is DMA transmitting-receiving buffer length d, triggered interrupts; Second down trigger condition is: when receiving data length and equaling DMA transmitting-receiving buffer length d, triggered interrupts;
When meeting the first down trigger condition, the beginning of a frame message reception in this way, microcontroller, first according to the protocol type defined in system initialization configuration file, obtains the device address in message; Again according to the mapping ruler in device address and configuration file, get the address of corresponding object child node;
(3) magnitude relationship between the data message length L1 limiting length L and transmission according to data message segmentation, the data of receiving and dispatching buffering area transmitting-receiving to DMA are carried out judgements and are processed;
(4) according to judging result, data are forwarded, detailed process is: if the data message length L1 of transmission is greater than data message segmentation limit length L, then when the data length accumulation that DMA receives and dispatches buffering area reaches segmentation restriction length L, DMA receives and dispatches buffering area and continues to receive remaining data; Meanwhile, DMA receives and dispatches in buffering area and receives length by microcontroller is that the data of L are packaged into carrier data bag, is sent to corresponding child node;
If the data message length L1 of transmission is less than or equal to data message segmentation limit length L, then, after a frame data transmitting-receiving receives, the data of being received and dispatched by DMA in buffering area are packaged into carrier data bag, are sent to corresponding child node.
Further, it is 20 byte ~ 30 bytes that described DMA receives and dispatches buffer length d.
Further, this smart electric grid system comprises host node and several child nodes, is connected alternately between described host node with each child node by power line; Described host node is connected with host computer application platform terminal interaction by RS232 interface; Several described child nodes are connected with on-the-spot application apparatus alternately respectively by RS485 interface;
Described host node comprises the first microcontroller, first carrier circuit module, the first coupling circuit module, the first power management module and the first reiving/transmitting state display module; Described first carrier circuit module is connected with the first microcontroller alternately by the first UART interface of the first microcontroller; The first described coupling circuit module is connected alternately with first carrier circuit module; The output of the first described power management module is connected with the power supply signal input of the first microcontroller, the power supply signal input of first carrier circuit module respectively; The first described reiving/transmitting state indicating module is connected with the output of the first microcontroller; Second UART interface of the first described microcontroller is connected with host computer application platform terminal interaction by RS232 interface;
Described child node comprises the second microcontroller, the second carrier circuit module, the second coupling circuit module, second source administration module and the second reiving/transmitting state display module; The second described carrier circuit module is connected with the second microcontroller alternately by the first UART interface of the second microcontroller; The second described coupling circuit module is connected alternately with the second carrier circuit module; The output of described second source administration module is connected with the power supply signal input of the second microcontroller, the power supply signal input of the second carrier circuit module respectively; The second described reiving/transmitting state indicating module is connected with the output of the second microcontroller; 3rd UART interface of the second described microcontroller is connected with on-the-spot application apparatus alternately by RS485 interface.
Further, described host node also comprises the first watchdog module, the first passive crystal oscillator module, the first clock module, the first LCD MODULE and the first keyboard input module; The output of the first described watchdog module, the first passive crystal oscillator module and the first keyboard input module is connected with the input of the first microcontroller respectively; The first described clock module is connected alternately with the first microcontroller; The input of the first described LCD MODULE is connected with the output of the first microcontroller;
Described child node also comprises the second watchdog module, the second passive crystal oscillator module, second clock module, the second LCD MODULE and the second keyboard input module; The output of the second described watchdog module, the second passive crystal oscillator module and the second keyboard input module is connected with the input of the second microcontroller respectively; Described second clock module is connected alternately with the second microcontroller; The input of the second described LCD MODULE is connected with the output of the second microcontroller.
Further, the first described microcontroller and the second microcontroller all adopt STM32F107VC processor; Described first carrier circuit module and the second carrier circuit module all adopt MAX2992 carrier chip.
Beneficial effect: beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, the present invention all adopts based on dma mode transceiving data in each node of power line network system, by effectively arranging DMA buffer storage length and down trigger condition, DMA buffer memory receive data be 0.5 DMA buffer storage length and 1 DMA buffer storage length time respectively triggered interrupts read data by microcontroller.Thus effectively improve the speed of each node transceiving data of power line network system, ensure that the ageing of data-message transmission in PLC networking.
2, in the reception forwarding process of power line network system host node, the characteristic utilizing DMA reception data to interfere without the need to MCU, carries out subsection receiing transmission to long message.Like this without the need to wait for long message all finish receiving after again framing send, not only can realize the synchronous transmitting-receiving of power line network system node to long message, reduce the message processing time in node, the transmission speed of message in PLC network can also be improved, the range of application of effective expansion technique of PLC networking.
3, the present invention adopts configuration parameter mode, supports the transmission of multi-protocols in power line network system.Host node in network system utilizes configuration parameter to set up the mapping relations of protocol devices address to place child node.After host node receives the agreement of host computer application platform transmission, according to configuration parameter and mapping relations, obtain the child node address that protocol massages receiving equipment is corresponding, without the need to analytic message, directly send to this child node.Thus add flexibility, the reliability of PLC networking application, also effectively reduce the investment of application system simultaneously, there is obvious economic benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is protocol conversion device of the present invention composition and annexation schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is power line network system configuration schematic diagram in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the hardware configuration schematic diagram of host node in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the hardware configuration schematic diagram of child nodes of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the transceiving data algorithm flow chart based on DMA in the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the deal with data algorithm flow chart based on DMA in the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the forwarding data algorithm flow chart based on DMA in the present invention;
Fig. 8 is network system multi-protocols address mapping table of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the equipment 11 for procotol conversion of the present invention, comprise DP83848 mixed-media network modules mixed-media 1, this module, for connecting Ethernet, carries out the process of packet message exchange process, receives and sends Ethernet data; Instruction queue module 2, after many meter reading instruction that the virtual concentrator of reception issues, adopts the mode of first in first out to queue up, processes one by one successively when waiting the equipment free time; DL645 decoding modular converter 3, the ether for being sended over by virtual concentrator is checked meter protocol command, translates into the DL645 protocol massages that 485 ammeters can receive and process; Data decoding packetization module 4, for resolving, 485 ammeters return, and by the message content of DL645 protocol encapsulation, therefrom extract data and packed according to ether protocol format of checking meter; 485 responses accept module 5, and for controlling the response data of 485 buses receptions from ammeter, the interactive mode in strict accordance with question-response controls to receive flow performing; SP3485 module 6, for control connection 485 bus, data are sent in 485 buses by support equipment, and the miscellaneous equipment monitored in 485 buses sends request, and receives data from 485 buses; Cpu chip 7, for controlling the overall operation of whole equipment, performs complex mathematical calculating process; Each module connects respectively by system bus 8.
The DP83848 mixed-media network modules mixed-media 1 of this equipment 11 is by the external Ethernet of ether port 9, be connected with concentrator virtualized host in the middle of last access network based on ethernet, uplink port ether mode is implemented to connecting between concentrator virtualized host, communications protocol adopts the senior metering agreement of custom-made, can realize multi-thread concurrent and check meter; 485 modules of equipment are by external one or several 485 ammeters of 485 bus ports 10.
It is accept module and 485 module SP3485 through DP83848 mixed-media network modules mixed-media, instruction queue module, DL645 decoding modular converter, data decoding packetization module, 485 responses successively that the signal of equipment transmits logic.
Equipment major function to be checked meter to 485 the conversion of agreement from ether agreement of checking meter, and as crucial networking connected node, realizes being connected (closely) and communication with the two-forty between or several ammeter.
Adopt the said equipment to realize ether electric meters collecting agreement to the method for standard 485 protocol conversion, comprise the following steps.
The first step: by ether interface through Ethernet with run the main frame of virtual concentrator and connect, after device power initiatively and set up between main frame and maintain the long interface channel of TCP, wait-receiving mode sends over ether from main frame and to check meter the message of agreement;
Second step: receive and process the ether sent from virtual concentrator and to check meter message, explain the implication that its message is corresponding, expansion parameter also becomes the message of DL645 stipulations by contrasting protocol conversion;
3rd step: sent by 485 buses by the message of DL645 stipulations, realizes the communication of question-response mode between ammeter; The response of ammeter in 485 buses is monitored, simultaneously calculated response time-out after sending message;
4th step: after receiving the DL645 message beamed back from ammeter, extracts parametric evolving in the middle of it, assembling, to go back by sending with the long interface channel of the joining TCP of the main frame of virtual concentrator according to ether agreement of checking meter.
To accomplish in whole protocol interaction and transfer process.
1, the sequence number of its message response should be noted in the middle of whole protocol translation and communication process, send it back the sequence number of the response message of main frame, should to issue the sequence number of order of checking meter identical with main frame;
2, many of being simultaneously sent on protocol conversion device check meter order, will be queued up, then process successively by protocol conversion device according to the precedence arrived;
3, owing to being designed to Near Field Communication between 485 buses and ammeter, the exchanges data between the communication speed realization higher than 1200 with ammeter can be used, use the two-forty of 115200 to carry out communication (flank speed can supported according to actual ammeter adjusts).
A kind of network system based on DMA as shown in Figure 2, is comprised host node and several child nodes, is connected alternately between described host node with each child node by power line.Described host node is connected with host computer application platform terminal interaction by RS232 interface.Several described child nodes are connected with on-the-spot application apparatus alternately respectively by RS485 interface.The PLC network that this system consists of power line a host node and several child nodes, each child node connects on-the-spot application apparatus by RS485 bus.As long as in RS485 bus driver limit of power, each child node can connect the on-the-spot application apparatus of varying number, and each on-the-spot application apparatus has a unique device address.In this power line network system, host node and each child node all have short address unique separately, for identifying respective identity.The short address of each child node is that host node distributes according to configuration parameter when netinit.In the building process of this power line network system, host node sets up device address under each child node and the mapping relations between corresponding child node address according to configuration parameter; Meanwhile, the network short address be assigned to also is set in respective carrier circuit module by each child node.When after the success of this power line network system buildup, the protocol type that host computer application platform can be arranged by configuration parameter sends corresponding protocol massages, realizes and the data communication of each equipment under each child node in network.
As shown in Figure 3, host node comprises the first microcontroller, first carrier circuit module, the first coupling circuit module, the first power management module and the first reiving/transmitting state display module.Described first carrier circuit module is connected with the first microcontroller alternately by the first UART interface of the first microcontroller.The first described coupling circuit module is connected alternately with first carrier circuit module.The output of the first described power management module is connected with the power supply signal input of the first microcontroller, the power supply signal input of first carrier circuit module respectively.The first described reiving/transmitting state indicating module is connected with the output of the first microcontroller.Second UART interface of the first described microcontroller is connected with host computer application platform terminal interaction by RS232 interface.First reiving/transmitting state indicating module is made up of a series of light-emitting diode, and LED flash represents that corresponding port has data to transmit.
As described in Figure 4, child node comprises the second microcontroller, the second carrier circuit module, the second coupling circuit module, second source administration module and the second reiving/transmitting state display module.The second described carrier circuit module is connected with the second microcontroller alternately by the first UART interface of the second microcontroller.The second described coupling circuit module is connected alternately with the second carrier circuit module.The output of described second source administration module is connected with the power supply signal input of the second microcontroller, the power supply signal input of the second carrier circuit module respectively.The second described reiving/transmitting state indicating module is connected with the output of the second microcontroller.3rd UART interface of the second described microcontroller is connected with on-the-spot application apparatus alternately by RS485 interface.Second reiving/transmitting state indicating module is made up of a series of light-emitting diode, and LED flash represents that corresponding port has data to transmit.
Further, described host node also comprises the first watchdog module, the first passive crystal oscillator module, the first clock module, the first LCD MODULE and the first keyboard input module.The output of the first described watchdog module, the first passive crystal oscillator module and the first keyboard input module is connected with the input of the first microcontroller respectively.The first described clock module is connected alternately with the first microcontroller.The input of the first described LCD MODULE is connected with the output of the first microcontroller.First LCD MODULE and the first keyboard input module realize the display of major parameter when host node runs.
Described child node also comprises the second watchdog module, the second passive crystal oscillator module, second clock module, the second LCD MODULE and the second keyboard input module.The output of the second described watchdog module, the second passive crystal oscillator module and the second keyboard input module is connected with the input of the second microcontroller respectively.Described second clock module is connected alternately with the second microcontroller.The input of the second described LCD MODULE is connected with the output of the second microcontroller.Second LCD MODULE and the second keyboard input module realize the display of major parameter when child node is run.
Further, the first described microcontroller and the second microcontroller all adopt STM32F107VC processor.Described first carrier circuit module and the second carrier circuit module all adopt MAX2992 carrier chip.As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the UART1 interface of STM32F107VC is connected alternately with carrier circuit module, the UART2 interface of host node is connected with host computer application platform terminal interaction by RS232 interface, and the UART3 interface of child node is connected with on-the-spot application apparatus alternately by RS485 interface.The OSC_IN pin of STM32F107VC connects passive crystal oscillator module, and 5 GPIO pins connect watchdog module, clock module, LCD MODULE, keyboard input module and reiving/transmitting state indicating module respectively.Power management module is 3.3V to the output signal of STM32F107VC, is 3.3V/12V to the output signal of MAX2992 carrier chip.MAX2992 carrier chip is communicated with microcontroller by the UART1 interface of STM32F107VC processor.Application protocol message is packaged into corresponding carrier wave message by its requirement by microcontroller, MAX2992 is sent to by UART1 interface, by MAX2992, the message received is coupled on power line by its front-end circuit again, realize the transmitting-receiving of carrier data, or send the data to microcontroller by UART1 mouth after receiving the data on power line.Application protocol message is sent to host node by RS232 interface by host computer platform, and host node receives protocol massages by the UART2 interface of STM32F107VC processor with dma mode.For child node, child node by by the UART3 interface of STM32F107VC processor to protocol massages be sent to each on-the-spot application apparatus through RS485 interface.
The invention still further relates to a kind of means of communication according to above-mentioned network system, the method comprises the following steps.
(1) power line network system initialization, is configured the parameter of host node, child node and each the on-the-spot application apparatus under being connected to child node, and receives and dispatches length d, the down trigger conditions and data message fragment restriction length of buffering area to DMA
L is arranged.In system initialisation phase, the parameter of configuration is needed to comprise protocol type, host node address, child node address and the address of each on-the-spot application apparatus under being connected to child node.
(2) adopt DMA data transmission technology transceiving data, and receive and dispatch the down trigger condition of buffering area according to DMA, the digital independent in DMA buffer area is pending to fixing reception data buffer area.
The down trigger condition that described DMA receives and dispatches buffering area comprises two, and the first down trigger condition is: when receiving the half that data length is DMA transmitting-receiving buffer length d, triggered interrupts.Second down trigger condition is: when receiving data length and equaling DMA transmitting-receiving buffer length d, triggered interrupts.When meeting the first down trigger condition, the beginning of a frame message reception in this way, microcontroller, first according to the protocol type defined in system initialization configuration file, obtains the device address in message; Again according to the mapping ruler in device address and configuration file, get the address of corresponding object child node.
(3) magnitude relationship between the data message length L1 limiting length L and transmission according to data message segmentation, the data of receiving and dispatching buffering area transmitting-receiving to DMA are carried out judgements and are processed.
(4) according to judging result, data are forwarded.Detailed process is.
If the data message length L1 of transmission is greater than data message segmentation limit length L, then, when the data length accumulation that DMA receives and dispatches buffering area reaches segmentation restriction length L, DMA receives and dispatches buffering area and continues to receive remaining data.Meanwhile, DMA receives and dispatches in buffering area and receives length by microcontroller is that the data of L are packaged into carrier data bag, is sent to corresponding child node.
If the data message length L1 of transmission is less than or equal to data message segmentation limit length L, then, after a frame data transmitting-receiving receives, the data of being received and dispatched by DMA in buffering area are packaged into carrier data bag, are sent to corresponding child node.
Further, it is 20 byte ~ 30 bytes that described DMA receives and dispatches buffer length d.
Below, composition graphs 5-Fig. 8 is described in detail the reception of data, process, repeating process and multi-protocols mapping table.
Fig. 5 is the algorithmic procedure that host node adopts DMA transceiving data.Receive in data procedures in unlatching DMA buffering area and have twice triggered interrupts, after entering interrupt function, judge down trigger type.If receive half interrupt or receive full interruption, then the digital independent in DMA buffer area is pending to fixing reception data buffer area.When data are read in two kinds of interruptions, the position of data in DMA buffer area is different.After receiving data, put several frame end counter, start a frame and receive the basis for estimation terminated, finally remove related interrupts flag bit and exit interruption.When receiving data dma module and occurring mistake, interrupt function is error flag position according to the flag bit of triggered interrupts, and after initialization relevant parameter, enable DMA interrupts again, ensures that DMA receives the reliability of data.
Fig. 6 is after data receiver, judges whether the judgement processing procedure carrying out forwarding.The basis that the present invention adopts the systick Interruption of microcontroller to terminate as receiving data frames.In the flow chart described in Fig. 3, after each DMA receive interruption, be all a fixed value by frame end counter initialization; And when entering in systick Interruption function at every turn, all 1 operation is subtracted to this counter, when Counter Value is 0, then assert that a frame receives and terminate.In the process of the reception data shown in Fig. 3, receive because each after data complete and all again put number to counter, therefore receive in data procedures at DMA, Counter Value is not 0.Meanwhile, in order to the long frame message fragment received synchronously is received transmission, in receiving course, need to judge that receiving data total length sends the complementation result limiting length to segmentation.If complementation result is 0, then represents that the data length of reception has met the condition of segmentation transmission, and data retransmission counter is added 1.If complementation result is not 0, represent that the data length received also does not reach the transmission length of restriction; Then judge whether a frame receives and dispatches end.If a frame transmitting-receiving terminates, but the data length received also does not reach the transmission length of restriction, then data retransmission counter is added 1, and forward the actual data received.If a frame transmitting-receiving does not terminate, then exit interruption and carry out judging next time.
Fig. 7 is by the data retransmission that the receives algorithm flow to carrier circuit module.The result of the algorithm flow according to Fig. 4, carries out forwarding operation to the data received.When forwarding Counter Value is not 0, the data message existing and need to forward is described in data receiver district.First, according to the protocol type in configuration parameter, obtain the position of device address in data message frame, readout equipment address.Secondly, find the object child node address at this place, device address according to mapping table, the data message of this address and data buffer area is carried out carrier frame group bag, the DMA being sent to the corresponding serial ports of carrier circuit module sends buffering area.Again, enable DMA sends and interrupts, and is sent by data message by carrier circuit module.Finally, after sending a frame, judge whether data have forwarded according to forwarding the value of counter, then not continuing forwards according to flow process above.
Fig. 8 gives the mapping table of multi-protocols in the present invention.Need configure this table by configuration parameter in the system group network starting stage, protocol type comprises conventional Modbus, DLT645, the stipulations such as 101.The device address length corresponding due to different stipulations is different, and the position of this address in different agreement is also different.Therefore, which kind of protocol massages what host node must learn that it forwards by protocol type before carrying out networking forwarding data is, and according to the different protocol types first frame format readout equipment address of corresponding protocol massages from data receiver buffering area, then find out corresponding object child node address according to mapping table.Introduce protocol type and the device address of several frequently seen agreement below.
Modbus agreement: protocol type is 01, protocol devices address is a byte, and child node address is 0x0001, and device address corresponding below this child node is 0x02,0x03.Child node address is 0x0002, and device address corresponding below this child node is 0x04,0x05,0x06 etc., and the configuration of other child nodes is similar.
DLT645 agreement: protocol type is 02, protocol devices address is 6 bytes, and child node address is 0x001, and device address corresponding below this child node is 0x000000000002,0x000000000003.Child node address is 0x0002, and device address corresponding below this child node is 0x000000000004,0x000000000005,0x000000000006 etc., and the configuration of other child nodes is similar.
101 agreements: protocol type is 03, protocol devices address is 1 byte, and child node address is 0x001, and device address corresponding below this child node is 0x02,0x03.Child node address is 0x0002, and device address corresponding below this child node is 0x04,0x05,0x06 etc., and the configuration of other child nodes is similar.
When host node judges that protocol type is 02, host node knows that the Frame that application platform is sent is all 645 message frame, in the process of forwarding data, according to this protocol massages frame format, and readout equipment address.Such as 0x000000000005, tables look-up and learns that network child node address corresponding to this address is 0x0002.Without the need to resolving concrete message, directly according to the carrier wave message that this depacketize Chengdu is answered by the child node address obtained, be sent to child node corresponding in PLC network by carrier module.Child node receives by its carrier module the protocol massages that host node issues oneself, data in carrier wave message frame are directly sent to the serial ports of connection device RS485 bus, realize the data communication of the distinct device in host computer application platform and PLC networking under each child node.
Of the present invention based in the power line network system of DMA, host node and child node all adopt DMA to receive and send corresponding message frame.The means of communication of the power line network system based on DMA of the present invention have following characteristics.
(1) the length d of DMA data buffer zone is arranged to shorter length (be generally set to 20 ~ 30 bytes, be preferably 24 bytes); And the first down trigger condition and the second down trigger condition are set.The first described down trigger condition is: the data length that DMA data buffer zone receives equals 0.5d.The second described down trigger condition is: the data length that DMA data buffer zone receives equals d.By arranging two down trigger conditions, during DMA data buffer zone receives data, microcontroller has twice chance to process the data received.
Microcontroller to the process that the data received process is: when meeting the first down trigger condition, receives the beginning of protocol data message in this way, then obtain the device address in message according to the protocol type defined in CONFIG.SYS; Then according to the mapping ruler in the device address obtained and configuration file, the address of corresponding object child node is obtained.
When the data message length transmitted is greater than segmentation restriction length L, utilize the feature that DMA reception data are interfered without the need to MCU, when the data accumulation received in buffering area reaches segmentation restriction length L byte, DMA continues to receive data, meanwhile, paid-in data are packaged into carrier data bag by MCU, are sent to corresponding child node.Thus realize long message and receive one section and just send one section, and send again after waiting long message all to receive.
When the data message length transmitted is less than segmentation restriction length L, when waiting frame end to judge effective, directly these data is packaged into carrier data bag, is sent to corresponding child node, without the need to blocking transmission.
(2) the configuration parameter mode of the present invention's employing is by the child node of multi-protocols fast mapping to correspondence.In power line networking process, the host node in PLC network and the address of child node are unique, host node by the address of child node carry out data one_to_one corresponding transmitting-receiving.The address being connected to each equipment under child node is also unique, and is embodied in mutual communication protocol message.
In the initial configuration stage of network system, all devices address etc. that configuration parameter is corresponding under comprising protocol type, host node address, child node address, child node.Configuration parameter is sent to host node by the maintenance port of microcontroller by host computer application platform, the mapping relations that host node is set up each child node address according to parameter and connect under it between device address, distribute to each child node in the system group network stage by the child node address of correspondence.After networking success, host computer application platform can carry out data communication according to the equipment under the agreement of configuration and each child node.After host node receives communication message, first, protocol type is judged according to configuration parameter; Secondly, according to the feature that position, device address in each protocol massages frame is fixing, device address is read out; Again, according to the mapping relations set up before, fast finding goes out the object child node address that this message will mail to; Again, set up into carrier data message frame according to address with protocol massages frame, send to carrier module by serial port module, be coupled on power line by carrier module and coupling circuit module, be sent to the child node at agreement object equipment place.
Above-described embodiment is only be described the preferred embodiment of the present invention; not scope of the present invention is limited; under not departing from the present invention and designing the prerequisite of spirit; the various distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art make technical scheme of the present invention and improvement, all should fall in protection range that claims of the present invention determines.
Claims (5)
1. the mutual means of communication in smart electric grid system, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) electric network system initialization, the parameter of host node, child node and each the on-the-spot application apparatus under being connected to child node is configured, and length d, the down trigger conditions and data message fragment restriction length L of DMA transmitting-receiving buffering area are arranged;
In system initialisation phase, the parameter of configuration is needed to comprise protocol type, host node address, child node address and the address of each on-the-spot application apparatus under being connected to child node;
(2) adopt DMA data transmission technology transceiving data, and receive and dispatch the down trigger condition of buffering area according to DMA, the digital independent in DMA buffer area is pending to fixing reception data buffer area;
The down trigger condition that described DMA receives and dispatches buffering area comprises two, and the first down trigger condition is: when receiving the half that data length is DMA transmitting-receiving buffer length d, triggered interrupts; Second down trigger condition is: when receiving data length and equaling DMA transmitting-receiving buffer length d, triggered interrupts;
When meeting the first down trigger condition, the beginning of a frame message reception in this way, microcontroller, first according to the protocol type defined in system initialization configuration file, obtains the device address in message; Again according to the mapping ruler in device address and configuration file, get the address of corresponding object child node;
(3) magnitude relationship between the data message length L1 limiting length L and transmission according to data message segmentation, the data of receiving and dispatching buffering area transmitting-receiving to DMA are carried out judgements and are processed;
(4) according to judging result, data are forwarded, detailed process is: if the data message length L1 of transmission is greater than data message segmentation limit length L, then when the data length accumulation that DMA receives and dispatches buffering area reaches segmentation restriction length L, DMA receives and dispatches buffering area and continues to receive remaining data; Meanwhile, DMA receives and dispatches in buffering area and receives length by microcontroller is that the data of L are packaged into carrier data bag, is sent to corresponding child node;
If the data message length L1 of transmission is less than or equal to data message segmentation limit length L, then, after a frame data transmitting-receiving receives, the data of being received and dispatched by DMA in buffering area are packaged into carrier data bag, are sent to corresponding child node.
2. the mutual means of communication in a kind of smart electric grid system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: it is 20 byte ~ 30 bytes that described DMA receives and dispatches buffer length d.
3. the mutual means of communication in a kind of smart electric grid system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this smart electric grid system comprises host node and several child nodes, is connected alternately between described host node with each child node by power line; Described host node is connected with host computer application platform terminal interaction by RS232 interface; Several described child nodes are connected with on-the-spot application apparatus alternately respectively by RS485 interface;
Described host node comprises the first microcontroller, first carrier circuit module, the first coupling circuit module, the first power management module and the first reiving/transmitting state display module; Described first carrier circuit module is connected with the first microcontroller alternately by the first UART interface of the first microcontroller; The first described coupling circuit module is connected alternately with first carrier circuit module; The output of the first described power management module is connected with the power supply signal input of the first microcontroller, the power supply signal input of first carrier circuit module respectively; The first described reiving/transmitting state indicating module is connected with the output of the first microcontroller; Second UART interface of the first described microcontroller is connected with host computer application platform terminal interaction by RS232 interface;
Described child node comprises the second microcontroller, the second carrier circuit module, the second coupling circuit module, second source administration module and the second reiving/transmitting state display module; The second described carrier circuit module is connected with the second microcontroller alternately by the first UART interface of the second microcontroller; The second described coupling circuit module is connected alternately with the second carrier circuit module; The output of described second source administration module is connected with the power supply signal input of the second microcontroller, the power supply signal input of the second carrier circuit module respectively; The second described reiving/transmitting state indicating module is connected with the output of the second microcontroller; 3rd UART interface of the second described microcontroller is connected with on-the-spot application apparatus alternately by RS485 interface.
4. the mutual means of communication in a kind of smart electric grid system according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described host node also comprises the first watchdog module, the first passive crystal oscillator module, the first clock module, the first LCD MODULE and the first keyboard input module; The output of the first described watchdog module, the first passive crystal oscillator module and the first keyboard input module is connected with the input of the first microcontroller respectively; The first described clock module is connected alternately with the first microcontroller; The input of the first described LCD MODULE is connected with the output of the first microcontroller;
Described child node also comprises the second watchdog module, the second passive crystal oscillator module, second clock module, the second LCD MODULE and the second keyboard input module; The output of the second described watchdog module, the second passive crystal oscillator module and the second keyboard input module is connected with the input of the second microcontroller respectively; Described second clock module is connected alternately with the second microcontroller; The input of the second described LCD MODULE is connected with the output of the second microcontroller.
5. the mutual means of communication in a kind of smart electric grid system according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the first described microcontroller and the second microcontroller all adopt STM32F107VC processor; Described first carrier circuit module and the second carrier circuit module all adopt MAX2992 carrier chip.
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