CN105511075A - Two-dimensional image motion compensation optical system for large-field-of-view whisk-broom double-channel imager - Google Patents
Two-dimensional image motion compensation optical system for large-field-of-view whisk-broom double-channel imager Download PDFInfo
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- CN105511075A CN105511075A CN201610019756.XA CN201610019756A CN105511075A CN 105511075 A CN105511075 A CN 105511075A CN 201610019756 A CN201610019756 A CN 201610019756A CN 105511075 A CN105511075 A CN 105511075A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a two-dimensional image motion compensation optical system for a large-field-of-view whisk-broom double-channel imager. The optical system comprises a forward image motion compensation mirror, an off-axis three-lens reflex afocal telescope, a second reflector, a transverse image motion compensation mirror, a third reflector, a color separation filter, a channel-1 imaging mirror group, a channel-1 image plane, a channel-2 imaging mirror group and a channel-2 image plane. The whole optical path is arranged approximately axisymmetrically by taking an optical axis as a symmetry axis, so that rotational inertia during whisk-broom of an aerial camera can be effectively reduced; the off-axis three-lens reflex design is adopted for the afocal telescope, so that center shading can be avoided, and the spatial resolution of the camera can be ensured; the telescope has a solid entrance pupil and a solid exit pupil, so that the two-dimensional image motion compensation mirrors can be placed. The optical system has the advantages of large field of view, large relative aperture, small rotational inertia of the optical path, compact structure, mature machining, mounting and debugging technologies and the like, and can be used for a high-resolution plane surface array whisk-broom aerial optical camera for a platform such as an unmanned aerial vehicle and an aircraft nacelle.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to aerial photoelectric imaging technical field, relate to a kind of high resolving power aviation optical camera being applied to the various airborne platform such as unmanned plane, bird, refer in particular to and a kind of there is the optical system that two-dimensional image moves the airborne Large visual angle face battle array sweeping binary channels imager of compensate function.
Background technology:
The development of modern Aviation photoelectric imaging technology, requires that aerial camera possesses the ability obtaining large visual field high resolution image when high speed flight at high altitude.Traditional large-viewing-field aerial camera adopts the mode rotating pendulum mirror or prism scanning usually, and not only sweep speed is slow, and bulky, cannot adapt to the installation requirement of the new-type airborne platform such as modern unmanned plane and airborne photoelectric gondola.Aerial camera simultaneously in high-speed motion in imaging process because pixel time shutter inner platform is kept in motion, can produce picture move cause image blurring, spatial resolution degradation, these are all the factors needing to consider in aerial camera Optical System Design of new generation.
The people such as AndrewJ.Partynski and StephenR.Beran of the U.S. are at patent US6,694B2 and US6,374, a kind of two waveband space-born reconnaissance camera announced in 047 have employed the design proposal of face battle array sweeping, but this camera optical system only has one dimension IMC function, and owing to adopting Cassegrain system to cause optical-modulation transfer function (MTF) to reduce, the relative aperture of camera is all less than 1:4 simultaneously; The DB-110 space-born reconnaissance camera of Raytheon company have employed face battle array sweeping scheme equally, optical system is similarly Cassegrain system, relative aperture is less than 1:5, and less relative aperture and optical system exist central obscuration the capacity gauge of camera system to radiation signal all can be caused to weaken and the decline of spatial resolution.
Summary of the invention:
For the deficiency of existing similar optical system and the actual demand of aerial camera of new generation development, the present invention proposes a kind of Large visual angle sweeping two dimension IMC binary channels imager optical system, this optical system not only can realize binary channels complex probe, and two-dimensional image can be possessed move compensate function when ensureing modulation transfer function of optical system level, the optical path arrangement of approximates axial symmetry effectively can reduce the moment of inertia of sweeping simultaneously, at the simultaneous adaptation unmanned plane that the Large visual angle high-velocity scanning meeting complete machine sweeping requires, the installation requirements of most of new-type airborne platform such as bird.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is: a kind of Large visual angle sweeping two dimension IMC binary channels imager optical system, by forward direction IMC mirror 2, instead forms without burnt telescope 3, second mirror 4, horizontal IMC mirror 5, the 3rd parts such as mirror 6, color separation film 7, passage one imaging lens group 8, passage one image planes 9, passage two imaging lens group 10 and passage two image planes 11 of turning back of turning back from axle three.The light path of whole camera optical system with optical axis 3-5 for axis of symmetry is approximates axial symmetry distribution, the installation requirements of the airborne platforms such as the simultaneous adaptation unmanned plane of the moment of inertia when effectively reducing aerial camera sweeping and bird; The telescope of optical system adopts from axle three anti-without burnt telescopical form, not only there is larger imaging viewing field and relative aperture, and avoid central obscuration and make modulation transfer function of optical system can remain on higher level, simultaneously further channel module is directional light incidence, is convenient to the modular design of whole camera optical system and integrated; Without burnt telescope, there is real entrance pupil and emergent pupil so that place forward direction IMC mirror 2 and horizontal IMC mirror 5, meet the technical need of camera for two-dimentional IMC; The design proposal of autocollimator is adopted to eliminate the impact of aberration thus the complex probe demand of two spectrum channel can be met;
Described optical system light path with from axle primary mirror optical axis 3-5 for axis of symmetry be approximates axial symmetry distribution, this axis of symmetry is also as rotating shaft during complete machine sweeping; Anti-the downside of optical axis 3-5 is positioned at without secondary mirror 3-2 less in burnt telescope 3, first mirror 4 of turning back of second after mirror 3-3 and telescope of turning back from axle three, three larger mirror 3-4 are positioned at the upside of optical axis 3-5, and forward direction IMC mirror 2, to turn back without burnt telescope 3 and second that 3-5 is symmetrical for mirror 4 relative optical axis from axle three is anti-, passage one imaging lens group 8 lays respectively at the optical axis 3-5 left and right sides with passage two imaging lens group 10 and installed surface distributes up and down with the angled relative optical axis 3-5 of light path that makes of optical axis 3-5;
Instead adopt without burnt telescope 3 from axle three and there is the anti-without burnt form from axle three of intermediate image plane, its entrance pupil is positioned at from axle primary mirror 3-1 front, emergent pupil is turned back between mirror 4 and color separation film 7 second, forward direction IMC mirror 2 and horizontal IMC mirror 5 is placed respectively at entrance pupil and exit pupil position place, from axle three instead without the emergent pupil of burnt telescope 3 simultaneously as the entrance pupil of passage one imaging lens group 8 and passage two imaging lens group 10, the emergent pupil of passage one imaging lens group 8 and passage two imaging lens group 10 can to adapt to the requirement of infrared acquisition path 10 0% cold shield efficiency between last optical surface and image planes,
Passage one imaging lens group 8 and passage two imaging lens group 10 front and continued light path share, terrain object radiation signal 1 successively through forward direction IMC mirror 2 and from axle three anti-without burnt telescope 3 after, the parallel beam of outgoing to be turned back mirror 6 through the second turn back mirror 4, horizontal IMC mirror 5 and the 3rd successively, carry out spectrum by color separation film 7, two spectrum channels after light splitting are imaged in passage one image planes 9 and passage two image planes 11 by passage one imaging lens group 8 and passage two imaging lens group 10 respectively;
Forward direction IMC mirror 2, be instead reflection-type optical device without turn back mirror 4, horizontal IMC mirror 5 and the 3rd element of turning back in the common optical pathways such as mirror 6 of burnt telescope 3, second from axle three, surface is coated with the metallic reflective coating of wide spectrum, can adapt to different spectrographic detection channel application;
Described passage one imaging lens group 8 and passage two imaging lens group 10 can be visual light imaging mirror group, medium-wave infrared imaging lens group and LONG WAVE INFRARED imaging lens group.When for medium-wave infrared imaging lens group or LONG WAVE INFRARED imaging lens group, the emergent pupil of mirror group in the end one between optical surface and image planes to adapt to the requirement of infrared acquisition path 10 0% cold shield efficiency;
Described instead has real entrance pupil and emergent pupil without burnt telescope 3 from axle three, and secondary mirror 3-2, the first mirror 3-3 that turns back is positioned on the downside of optical axis 3-5, and three mirror 3-4 are positioned on the upside of optical axis 3-5, and primary mirror 3-1 and three mirror 3-4 is respectively quadric surface, and secondary mirror 3-2 is high order aspheric surface.The material of primary mirror 3-1, secondary mirror 3-2 and three mirror 3-4 can be all aluminium alloy, silit, devitrified glass or fused quartz;
Described forward direction IMC mirror 2 is positioned at without burnt telescopical entrance pupil position, relative camera heading angle at 45 °;
Described horizontal IMC mirror 5 is positioned at without burnt telescopical exit pupil position, angle at 45 °, relative camera sweeping direction;
Described to be instead made up of primary mirror 3-1, secondary mirror 3-2, the first mirror 3-3 and three mirror 3-4 that turns back without burnt telescope 3 from axle three, primary mirror 3-1 and three mirror 3-4 is quadric surface, secondary mirror 3-2 is high order aspheric surface, the material of primary mirror 3-1, secondary mirror 3-2 and three mirror 3-4 can be all aluminium alloy, silit, devitrified glass or fused quartz, and coordinates corresponding mechanical structural material to reduce the impact of telescopical thermal deformation on optics picture element as far as possible
Described passage one imaging lens group 8 and passage two imaging lens group 10 front and continued light path share, and the element in common optical pathways is reflection-type optical device, and surface is coated with the metallic reflective coating of wide spectrum;
The invention has the advantages that: system has the advantages such as Large visual angle large relative aperture, light path moment of inertia is little, compact conformation, processing integration techno logy are ripe, can be used in the high resolving power face battle array sweeping aviation optical camera of the platform such as unmanned plane and bird.
To be incorporated in airborne sweeping type aviation optical camera equipment from the anti-telescope of axle three, make whole light path be that axis of symmetry is approximate with optical axis to distribute axisymmetricly, adaptation for effectively reducing the Configuration Design of moment of inertia during the rotating shaft of complete machine sweeping, guarantees that optical system has higher modulation transfer function level with this axis of symmetry simultaneously.Adopted from the anti-telescopical processing integration techno logy of axle three at present all comparative maturity, the design of the real entrance pupil of telescope and real emergent pupil both can meet and arranged the requirement that two-dimensional image moves compensating glass, simultaneously telescopical emergent pupil again as the entrance pupil of subsequent optical path to adapt to the optical design requirements of binary channels infrared imaging 100% cold shield efficiency, and telescopical whole camera system can be made to realize modular assembling without burnt design integrated.This optical system is suitable for adopting the aviation optical camera of complete machine sweeping sweeping scheme and optical envelope being required to the application of the optical instrument that the airborne platforms such as strict unmanned plane, aircraft pod are installed.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 (a) is embodiment aerial camera optical system normal axomometric drawing.
Fig. 1 (b) is embodiment aerial camera optical system front elevation.
Fig. 1 (c) is embodiment aerial camera optical system vertical view.
Fig. 2 is anti-without burnt telescope front elevation from axle three in embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the medium-wave infrared imaging optical path side view in embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the modulation transfer function curve map of the medium-wave infrared imaging optical path in embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the LONG WAVE INFRARED imaging optical path side view in embodiment.
Fig. 6 is the modulation transfer function curve map of the LONG WAVE INFRARED imaging optical path in embodiment.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described further:
As shown in Figure 1, described in the present embodiment is an airborne Large visual angle face battle array sweeping infrared dual-channel imager optical system having that two-dimensional image moves compensate function, comprises forward direction IMC mirror, instead to turn back mirror, medium wave/long wave color separation film, Medium wave infrared channel imaging lens group, medium-wave infrared image planes, LONG WAVE INFRARED passage imaging lens group and LONG WAVE INFRARED image planes without turn back mirror, horizontal IMC mirror, the 3rd of burnt telescope, second from axle three.Terrain object infrared radiation signal successively through forward direction IMC mirror and from axle three anti-without burnt telescope after, the parallel beam of outgoing to be turned back mirror through the second turn back mirror, horizontal IMC mirror and the 3rd successively, spectrum is carried out by medium wave/long wave color separation film, be imaged on medium-wave infrared detector by medium-wave infrared imaging lens group after medium-wave infrared signal after light splitting is reflected by color separation film, LONG WAVE INFRARED signal is imaged on Long Wave Infrared Probe by LONG WAVE INFRARED imaging lens group through after color separation film.
Fig. 2 is anti-without burnt telescope index path from axle three in the present embodiment, and opening of the telescope is 4 ° × 1.6 °, and bore is 120mm.Wherein primary mirror is ellipsoid, and secondary mirror is 8 aspheric surfaces, and three mirrors are hyperboloid.Telescope emergent pupil is 440mm apart from three mirrors, has enough space mounting IMC mirrors and mirror of turning back.Following table 1 be in embodiment from the anti-parameter list of axle three.
Table 1
Fig. 3 is the medium-wave infrared imaging optical path in the present embodiment.Medium-wave infrared imaging band spectral range 3um ~ 5um, focal length is 300mm, relative aperture 1:2.3, and imaging viewing field is 2 ° × 1.6 °.Medium-wave infrared imaging lens group is made up of 6 lens, and material is silicon and germanium, and the entrance pupil of imaging lens group overlaps with without burnt telescopical emergent pupil, and emergent pupil is positioned at the cold screen position of medium-wave infrared detector, realizes 100% cold shield efficiency.One piece of mirror of turning back is added to make light channel structure compacter in medium-wave infrared imaging lens group.Fig. 4 gives the modulation transfer function curve of medium-wave infrared imaging optical path, is greater than 0.55, close to diffraction limit at the modulating transfer function value of each visual field, spatial frequency 30lp/mm place.Table 2 is the medium-wave infrared mirror group parameter list in embodiment.
Table 2
| Surface number | Radius-of-curvature | Interval | Material | Tilt |
| 1 | -115.61 | -10.15 | Silicon | —— |
| 2 | -401.3 | -13.95 | —— | |
| 3 | Infinity | -5.5 | Germanium | —— |
| 4 | -255.43 | -47.38 | —— | |
| 5 | Infinity | 60 | Mirror | 42.5° |
| 6 | -16.466 | 9.93 | Silicon | —— |
| 7 | -23.26 | 82.2 | —— | |
| 8 | 146.02 | 5.94 | Silicon | —— |
| 9 | -119.4 | 0.87 | —— | |
| 10 | -98.4 | 3.5 | Germanium | —— |
| 11 | -580.8 | 16.86 | —— | |
| 12 | 34.9 | 4.29 | Silicon | —— |
| 13 | 45.89 | 14.7 | —— |
Fig. 5 is the LONG WAVE INFRARED imaging optical path in the present embodiment.LONG WAVE INFRARED imaging band spectral range 8um ~ 12um, focal length is 300mm, relative aperture 1:2.3, and imaging viewing field is 2 ° × 1.6 °.LONG WAVE INFRARED imaging lens group is made up of 6 lens, and material is germanium and AMTIR1, and the entrance pupil of imaging lens group overlaps with without burnt telescopical emergent pupil, and emergent pupil is positioned at the cold screen position of Long Wave Infrared Probe, realizes 100% cold shield efficiency.Fig. 6 gives the modulation transfer function curve of LONG WAVE INFRARED imaging optical path, is greater than 0.38, close to diffraction limit at the modulating transfer function value of each visual field, spatial frequency 20lp/mm place.Following table 3 is the LONG WAVE INFRARED mirror group parameter list in embodiment.
Color separation film in the present embodiment can reflect the radiation of 3um ~ 5um medium-wave infrared, the radiation of transmission 8um ~ 12um LONG WAVE INFRARED, and angle of inclination is 42.5 °.
Optical system light path envelope in the present embodiment is φ 320mm × 700mm, can be arranged on there is long and narrow space unmanned plane load cabin and aircraft photoelectric nacelle in, and be the scanning field of view angle that rotating shaft carries out that complete machine sweeping realizes more than 50 ° with incident light axis.
Table 3
Claims (6)
1. a Large visual angle sweeping two dimension IMC binary channels imager optical system, comprise forward direction IMC mirror (2), instead to turn back mirror (6), color separation film (7), passage one imaging lens group (8), passage one image planes (9), passage two imaging lens group (10) and passage two image planes (11) without turn back mirror (4), horizontal IMC mirror (5), the 3rd of burnt telescope (3), second from axle three, it is characterized in that:
Described optical system light path with from axle primary mirror optical axis (3-5) for axis of symmetry be approximates axial symmetry distribution, anti-without the secondary mirror (3-2) in burnt telescope (3) from axle three, first mirror (4) of turning back of second after mirror (3-3) and telescope of turning back is positioned at the downside of optical axis (3-5), anti-the upside of optical axis (3-5) is positioned at without three mirrors (3-4) in burnt telescope (3) from axle three, and forward direction IMC mirror (2), anti-symmetrical without burnt telescope (3) and second mirror (4) relative optical axis (3-5) of turning back from axle three, passage one imaging lens group (8) lays respectively at optical axis (3-5) left and right sides with passage two imaging lens group (10) and installed surface distributes up and down with the angled relative optical axis of light path (3-5) that makes of optical axis (3-5),
Described instead adopting without burnt telescope (3) from axle three has the anti-without burnt form from axle three of intermediate image plane, its entrance pupil is positioned at from axle primary mirror (3-1) front, emergent pupil is positioned at second and turns back between mirror (4) and color separation film (7), forward direction IMC mirror (2) and horizontal IMC mirror (5) is placed respectively at entrance pupil and exit pupil position place, from axle three instead without the emergent pupil of burnt telescope (3) simultaneously as the entrance pupil of passage one imaging lens group (8) and passage two imaging lens group (10), the emergent pupil of passage one imaging lens group (8) and passage two imaging lens group (10) between last optical surface and image planes to adapt to the requirement of infrared acquisition path 10 0% cold shield efficiency,
Described passage one imaging lens group (8) and passage two imaging lens group (10) front and continued light path share, terrain object radiation signal (1) successively through forward direction IMC mirror (2) and from axle three anti-without burnt telescope (3) after, the parallel beam of outgoing to be turned back mirror (4) through second successively, horizontal IMC mirror (5) and the 3rd is turned back mirror (6), spectrum is carried out by color separation film (7), two spectrum channels after light splitting are imaged in passage one image planes (9) and passage two image planes (11) by passage one imaging lens group (8) and passage two imaging lens group (10) respectively.
2. a kind of Large visual angle sweeping two dimension IMC binary channels imager optical system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described forward direction IMC mirror (2), be instead reflection-type optical device without burnt telescope (3), second mirror (4), horizontal IMC mirror (5) and the 3rd mirror (6) of turning back of turning back from axle three, surface is coated with the metallic reflective coating of wide spectrum.
3. a kind of Large visual angle sweeping two dimension IMC binary channels imager optical system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described passage one imaging lens group (8) and passage two imaging lens group (10) are visual light imaging mirror group, medium-wave infrared imaging lens group or LONG WAVE INFRARED imaging lens group; When for medium-wave infrared imaging lens group or LONG WAVE INFRARED imaging lens group, the emergent pupil of mirror group in the end one between optical surface and image planes to adapt to the requirement of infrared acquisition path 10 0% cold shield efficiency.
4. according to claim 1 have the anti-without burnt telescope from axle three of intermediate image plane, it is characterized in that: described instead has real entrance pupil and emergent pupil without burnt telescope (3) from axle three, secondary mirror (3-2), first turn back mirror (3-3) be positioned at optical axis (3-5) downside, three mirrors (3-4) are positioned at optical axis (3-5) upside, primary mirror (3-1) and three mirrors (3-4) are Mirrors with second order surface, and secondary mirror (3-2) is high order aspheric surface catoptron; The material of primary mirror (3-1), secondary mirror (3-2) and three mirrors (3-4) is aluminium alloy, silit, devitrified glass or fused quartz.
5. according to claim 1 have the anti-without burnt telescope from axle three of intermediate image plane, it is characterized in that: described forward direction IMC mirror (2) is positioned at from axle three instead without the entrance pupil position of burnt telescope (3), relative camera heading angle at 45 °.
6. according to claim 1 have the anti-without burnt telescope from axle three of intermediate image plane, it is characterized in that: described horizontal IMC mirror (5) is positioned at from axle three instead without the exit pupil position of burnt telescope (3), angle at 45 °, relative camera sweeping direction.
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| CN106092331A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-09 | 湖北久之洋红外系统股份有限公司 | A kind of two waveband dual field-of-view infrared optical system and formation method thereof |
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